White water-based paint characteristics. Types of water-based paints: advantages and disadvantages

This coloring matter very quickly applied to the surface, only if enamel paint has not previously been applied to the surface. In addition, absolutely any paint can be applied to this type of composition. The composition of water-based paint means that it is not recommended to apply it to a metal surface, since water can trigger the onset of the corrosion process.

Characteristics of high pressure paint.

Before purchasing such paint, you should pay attention to its characteristics: specific gravity, viscosity, composition, shelf life, storage conditions and drying time. Water-based paint contains latex, filler, antiseptic and thickener.

Viscosity is an indicator that indicates the degree of dilution of the dye with water. The viscosity of such paint is from 40 to 45 s, if used with a brush, and from 20 to 25 s. When using a spray gun.

Depending on the manufacturer, the composition of water-based paint may differ. The smallest particles of polymers that are present in the composition of this substance are suspended in aquatic environment. Manufacturers add various substances to these particles, which determine the brand of the coloring composition.

Depending on the state of the components added to the paint, its purpose may vary. To obtain a rich white color, white pigment is added to the dye. In the case of inexpensive compositions, chalk is used to obtain this color. For these purposes different manufacturers Other fillers can also be used: mica, calcite, talc, and so on.

Composition of VD paint.

Water-based paint, like paint, contains a thickener, which is necessary to create the desired consistency. Depending on the brand of the dye, the proportions of some of the components that make up it change.

But ideally the overall picture would look like this:

Plasticizers - from 5 to 10 percent;
Film former – from 40 to 60 percent;
Fillers and pigments – from 30 to 40 percent;
Other additives – from 5 to 10 percent.

As for the properties of water-based paint, the following can be said about them:

This coloring substance has good permeability to moisture and steam, therefore it can be used for both external and interior work, for application to plastered and unplastered surfaces;
The composition of water-based paint does not allow it to peel off. This is an environmentally friendly and non-hazardous type of paint;
Very often included of this type substances can be seen latex, which gives the painted surface a strong water-repellent effect. And wherein important has the fact that this effect does not interfere with vapor permeability;
Water-based compositions have a rich color scheme. To obtain the required color, you can easily use a special one.

And in conclusion, I would like to note that the type of dye considered in this article has a high percentage of wear resistance, it is not flammable, and is resistant to atmospheric conditions and ultraviolet radiation. In addition, such a substance has the ability to repaint cracks up to one mm wide.

Water-based paint is probably one of the “youngest” paint and varnish products, but in the most short time has gained popularity among consumers. This is due to a number of positive properties, actively used by professionals and home craftsmen who carry out finishing of premises after renovation. This is an excellent material for interior work, in particular for painting walls. When purchasing such a product, you should definitely pay attention to the properties and consumer qualities of the product.

Water-based paint is probably one of the “youngest” paint and varnish products

Characteristics of water-based wall paints

The main technical characteristics of water-based paint are:

composition, which, in addition to the main component, contains various fillers, thickeners, antiseptics;
material consumption per sq. surface meter;
viscosity, which determines the ratio of paint and water in the mixture;
specific gravity of 1.35 kg/l;
storage conditions;
best before date.

This amazing substance, where the main solvent is water, has several types that are successfully used for painting ceilings and walls indoors. IN big family water-based emulsions, the properties of which are directly related to the characteristics of the polymer included in their composition, the most commonly used are the following.

An amazing substance where the main solvent is water

Types of water-based paint	Main components	Features, properties
Acrylic	Acrylic resin with latex additive	Increased moisture resistance Used to coat wood, metal, glass surfaces, brick and concrete
Silicone	Silicone resin	The best - for interior work Has antiseptic properties: prevents the formation of mold and fungi
Mineral	Cement and slaked lime	Accepts the addition of color well Excellent adhesion to concrete and brick walls Short-lived
Silicate	Liquid glass and color pigments	High air and vapor permeability Durable
Polyvinyl acetate		Easy to clean from dirt and grease Resistant to non-aggressive chemicals, burnout

In addition, the product has several brightness levels:

matte;
glossy;
semi-matte;
semi-gloss.

Water-based paint is quite in demand for several other indicators. It is non-toxic and does not contain components harmful to health, that is, it is an environmentally friendly product. It dries on the surface in two to three hours to a day (maximum) and does not have a specific unpleasant odor.

The paint is non-toxic and does not contain components harmful to health

With such a wide range of advantages of the material for painting walls with water-based paint, it is impossible to remain silent about the few disadvantages that have been identified when using it:

Painting work can be carried out at a temperature not lower than +5°C;
relatively short service life.

Decorative properties of colorful coatings

This paint and varnish product is presented on the market both in a basic white version and in various options colors. You can also get the desired color or shade by adding the desired color to the base paint. This provides ample opportunities for a variety of design solutions.

It is especially interesting to use water-based emulsion when decorating:

children's and playrooms;
premises of children's preschool and general education institutions;
children's hospitals and clinics.

Painting walls with water-based paint allows you to give a special flavor to these objects and create various designs directly on the walls, making the room bright, cheerful, and interesting for children and adults. Funny images lift your spirits, relieve feelings of fear and tension, and distract from unpleasant thoughts.

Its use here is justified by the fact that the coating is environmentally friendly and does not emit toxic substances into the air, and is easy to maintain.

Painting walls with water-based paint allows you to give a special flavor to these objects

Which water-based emulsion to choose for walls

The selection of paint depends on the place of its application. It is used for painting walls and ceilings, and it must be selected taking into account the technical characteristics and parameters that are characteristic of a certain type of product.

When purchasing it, you need to consider which room will be painted.

If the room is small and dark, it is better to use light warm colors that will visually enlarge the space:

yellow,
cream;
apricot;
pale pink;
coffee;
light green and others.

IN large rooms with very high ceilings it is necessary to create an atmosphere of comfort or at least a more pleasant environment that visually reduces this huge non-residential space. In this case, more muted tones in shades would be most appropriate:

blue;
green;
purple.

Blue color will create an atmosphere of comfort in the room

red is a strong irritant;
brown and bright purple contribute to depression.

It is worth noting that a seemingly pleasant bright blue color will also be distracting and irritating to the nervous system.

In children's and game rooms To paint walls with water-based paint, you need to choose pastel colors for the main background. On this surface you can then create fairy-tale and cartoon paintings and images of their heroes. It is worth considering that they should not be made with glossy paints, which give glare in bright sun or artificial light, and can cause Negative influence on the state of vision of children.

In children's rooms it is better to use bed colors

How much will you have to spend on the material?

To understand what the actual paint costs will be, you will have to make some calculations, taking into account:

area of the room to be painted;
layout;
features of the staining procedure;
quality and proportions of the solution;
volumes of containers in which paint is sold;
the need to purchase tools and additional materials.

It is also important to decide how many layers of paint are supposed to be applied to the surface of the walls, whether a primer will be used, and how it will be applied.

It is worth considering that the results of the work and the amount of money spent will also depend on the quality of the work performed: if the primer or paint is applied unevenly, additional layers will have to be applied, which will increase the consumption of materials and lead to additional financial costs.

But even if the calculations are carried out correctly, it is worth having a small supply of materials in case it is necessary to correct detected defects.

It is worth considering that the results of the work and the amount of money spent will also depend on the quality of the work performed.

Preparing walls for painting

To get a high-quality wall painting result that will last for several years, you need to prepare the wall accordingly. For this:

remove traces of old coating;
if necessary, plaster, level the surface, putty cracks, scratches, eliminate chips, wash the walls;
treat with primer.

In order for the coating to be of high quality and sufficiently durable, the surface must be completely dry before applying paint.

To prevent the paint from cracking and to last a long time, you should carefully prepare the wall

Ways to remove old paint

Preparation for painting is directly related to freeing the surface from the old paint coating. You can delete it different ways, depending on the thickness of the coating and the strength of its connection to the wall.

The easiest way to remove PVA-based polyvinyl acetate water-based emulsion. Considering that water-based paint has water as its main component, removing the old coating is possible using a sponge and soap solution.
Acrylic paint, which is more resistant to water and detergent solutions, can be removed using tools: it is cleaned off with a spatula or a grinder.
The masters also speak positively about quite the original way removal old paint using newspapers. They are placed on the area to be cleaned using glue, which is prepared from starch with the consistency of thick sour cream, or you can use ready-made glue. After complete drying, the newspapers will be removed with a spatula along with the old paint.
The used coating can be removed using a chisel. True, this process is quite long and tedious, after which you may have to plaster and prime the entire surface of the wall.
Another way to remove old paint is to anneal it using construction hair dryer, after which you can clear area by area with a spatula. It is most suitable for removing acrylic water-based emulsion.
You can clean the wall surface for painting using a ready-made chemical remover. It helps to destroy the structure of the old paintwork.

There are several ways to clean and prepare a wall for painting.

How to mix color with paint?

If you decide to give the paint a certain color, it is not difficult to do this, but haste and inattention are inappropriate here. To obtain desired color and evenly distribute the pigment throughout the entire volume of the mixture, you need to perform several steps:

carefully read the instructions for using paint and the procedure for forming the required color;
first dilute the mixture in small volumes, mix well until smooth and paint over small area cardboard, let dry well.

This simple manipulation will help you understand whether the desired shade is chosen correctly.

Attention! Please note that after drying the color will be slightly darker.

If you decide to give the paint a certain color, it is not difficult to do this, but haste and inattention are inappropriate here

Technology of painting walls with water-based paint

The rules for applying a water-based coating to a prepared surface are not complicated; It is important to follow them and complete the procedure without haste. The procedure for painting walls with water-based paint is as follows:

a primer is applied to the prepared, leveled wall surface in one or two layers;
allow the coating to dry completely;
apply the first layer of ready-made or diluted with the desired shade of water-based paint;
Allow to dry and determine whether a second or subsequent coats are necessary.

The final result can only be seen after the paint has completely dried.

The final color of the wall will be clear after the paint has completely dried. It is worth remembering that each subsequent layer enhances the color saturation and its depth.

Advice. To get a high-quality result of painting the wall and the required color, you need to create natural conditions to dry the coating. Do not turn on the fan or create drafts in order to achieve speedy drying. This is not necessary, given that even without “external violence” this paint dries quite quickly. In addition, “artificial wind” can bring particles of dust or dirt onto a freshly painted surface, and the work will be ruined.

To get a high-quality result of painting the wall and the required color, it is necessary to create natural conditions for the coating to dry.

Painting tool

To cover walls with water-based paint, traditional tools are used, which are well known not only to professional painters, but also to home craftsmen. To carry out the work you will need:

paint brushes of different sizes;
sponges;
paint rollers.

It would be great if someone can acquire a spray gun or a professional spray gun at the time of painting: they will not only speed up and make the work easier, but will also allow you to get a smooth surface with the same degree of painting. However, it is worth noting that such a result is only possible if you have experience working with this equipment, which is not at all difficult to master. To do this, you need to be patient and be extremely careful, just like when performing any other work.

The spray gun is also convenient if you need to paint large areas of walls - it allows you to cope with the work with less significant effort.

The spray gun is also convenient if you need to paint large areas of walls

Brushes will be needed to apply paint in corners and in places where it is impossible to “walk” with a roller, and where the jet of a spray gun cannot reach. In addition, experts recommend painting the perimeter of the wall first, and this should be done with a brush. If desired or if there are no other tools for painting, you can complete the work with a wide brush, the size of which is from ten to twelve and a half millimeters.

It should be immersed in paint no more than a third, otherwise the loss of paint material will be increased: the paint will flow down the surface of the brush and drip onto the floor. You need to paint in short strokes, starting to apply paint from the top of the wall, gradually moving down.

Video: Painting walls with water-based paint

Video: What is water-based paint

In the process of finishing indoors and outdoors it is used a large number of materials. Paint and varnish materials occupy a special place. They cover surfaces with a thin decorative layer. Thanks to this, the appearance becomes more aesthetically pleasing and lasts for a long time.

Water-based paint is one of the types paint and varnish material, which has high level density. She belongs to the category of persistent decorative coatings different types surfaces.

This type of dye is produced in huge quantities. For different types of surfaces, you can choose the best option.

Water-based paints can have different compositions. Basically, such a coloring matter contains a large mixture of polymer compositions and water. Such paints may contain additional substances that allow manufacturers to produce paints and varnishes. similar type with certain physical properties.

Contains paints water-based type may be:

thickeners,
antiseptics,
plasticizers,
antifreeze,
defoamers.

Depending on the brand of paint, certain substances are added to it to make it suitable for use on various kinds coatings

The proportions of the components used depend on what this or that type of paint and varnish product will be used in the future. Initially, all water-based paints are white. For this purpose, special pigments are introduced into them. In some cases, in order to save money, manufacturers add regular chalk to obtain a rich white shade. All substances that make up the paint are usually diluted with clean water.

This type of paint and varnish product has a large number of features and advantages.

The advantages of water-based paints are:

no unpleasant pungent odor,
quick drying after application to the surface,
the ability to acquire the color that is needed in certain conditions. You can add different pigments to the paint to create the optimal shade.
ease of application.

Attention: This type of paint and varnish material has one drawback, which is that it must be applied to the surface only at a temperature of five degrees Celsius.

Today there are the following types water-based paints:

acrylic paints. The main component in the composition are acrylic resins.
Silicone paints. They have a thicker consistency and contain more silicones.
Silicate paints. It is universal and suitable for all mineral surfaces.
Mineral paints. These paints contain lime or cement.

Table. Technical characteristics of water-based paint.

IN modern world Water-based paint is very often used. It differs in that it has a fairly low consumption per square meter. The consumption of water-based paint is from 100 to 200 grams per square meter. The amount of paint consumed is determined by the thickness of the applied layer.

Water-based paint is used for finishing work. Due to the fact that pigments can be added to paint, compositions of various colors can be obtained.

The paint is used for application to walls and ceilings indoors. In some cases it is indispensable when carrying out finishing works in the field of building facades.

Before use, the paint must be prepared. To do this, you need to shake it well so that all the components are thoroughly mixed. If the instructions suggest diluting it with water, then this must be done. Only in this case will the paint lie in an even and neat layer.

To apply paint, you need to prepare the surface. It is best to cover it with a layer of primer so that the surface is even.

The cost of water-based paint today varies depending on the manufacturer. It can average 400 rubles per liter.

DIY water-based paint

Today, many people have certain secrets on how to make water emulsion with their own hands.

To do this, you only need the following tools:

glue,
chalk or lime,
water,
dye.

Depending on the proportion of the components, you can create a thick or liquid material for decoration.

Color is used as a dye. It has a rich pigment composition. By adding it to the mixture of the main components, it is possible to adjust the intensity of the resulting shade for painting various surfaces.

Video: DIY water-based paint.

Water-based paint is a finishing material that is made on the basis of water. The composition has become widespread among domestic buyers due to its relatively low cost and good performance indicators. But before you give preference to this material, you need to learn about the basic technical characteristics of water-based paint.

Each manufacturer produces these finishing materials according to own technologies, so the composition of water-based paints may differ slightly. The basis is water, in which there are tiny polymer particles. The components are suspended in all layers of water. This mixture is the basis to which various components are added: antifreeze, antibacterial agent, dispersant, defoamer, density regulator, plasticizer and other ingredients that increase operational properties material.

To form a durable film after the paint has dried on the surface, its composition includes polyvinyl acetate, butadiene styrene, various acrylates and versatate. Also, whitewash is added to water-based compositions in the form of titanium dioxide or zinc oxide. These substances provide a snow-white color, which is then convenient to tint. As additional component can also be used minerals: chalk, slaked lime or cement. Thanks to this, the materials are slightly cheaper, sacrificing quality. Other types of mineral fillers are used quite rarely: talc, calcite, mica, barite. Some manufacturers mix these ingredients into one product.

Manufacturers keep the exact proportions of ingredients in the compositions secret, so you need to focus on the brand

Another component of the material is a thickener. Using this substance, the density of the paint is adjusted. For these purposes, CMC glue is usually used. The solvent in this case is purified water. As mentioned above, the exact composition of water-based paints depends on the production technology, but the general picture is approximately as follows:

a mixture of water and polymers – 40–70% (the dispersion contains about 40% of film formers);
filler and dye – 30–40%;
plasticizer – up to 10%;
additional substances – up to 10%.

The general composition of all water-based paints is similar, but the quality is most influenced by the types of additives

Types of water-based paint

There are 5 main types depending on the filler used in production:

Acrylic. This option uses acrylic resins. The material can be used for finishing wood, glass, concrete, brick, plastered, as well as metal surfaces, which were pre-treated with impregnation. Withstands up to 5 thousand washes.
Silicone. The most expensive and durable type. The composition contains silicone resins. They allow air to pass through well and retain their original appearance for a long time.
Silicate. Consist of liquid glass and dyes. They last up to 20 years, but are susceptible to water.
Mineral. This type of paint and varnish contains stone fillers. They are inexpensive and well suited for processing “naked” concrete walls. Disadvantage: they last no more than 5 years.
Polyvinyl acetate. Dries quickly and does not bleed harmful substances, are not exposed to water, ultraviolet radiation and aggressive environments.

When choosing paint, you should look not only at price, but also at performance characteristics

Advantages and disadvantages

If speak about positive aspects this finishing material, the following stand out in particular:

High setting speed. Provided there is good ventilation, it will take about two hours for the material to dry on the surface being treated.
Safety. The material does not contain harmful volatile substances, so personal protective equipment is not required during work.
No unpleasant odor. This feature increases the comfort of working with the material. In addition, there is no need to ventilate the room for a long time after painting.
Wide range of colors. Modern market offers great amount color solutions, it is possible to create your own desired shade. To do this you should purchase white paint and a certain color. If the master does not have experience in mixing compositions, then it is better to ask to mix the paint in the store, otherwise the result may be disappointing.
Easy to apply. This process does not require extensive experience or professional tool. The material is easily washed off, which also makes working with it easier.

All types of water-based paints are absolutely safe, therefore they are approved for use even in preschool institutions

The main disadvantage is the limited temperature range. When too low temperatures The water in the composition freezes, which leads to damage to the paint. In addition, when using water-based paints, it is important to remember that they can lead to corrosion on untreated metal coatings. Also, you should not paint them without pre-finishing hydrophilic materials such as gypsum or concrete.

Features of the material

Before purchasing, you need to study some basic indicators of this composition:

Technical characteristics according to GOST

GOST 28196-89 regulates the indicators for the following 4 paints:

Paint VEAK 1180

This material is considered one of the most common for finishing work. His specifications the following:

Among all types water-based compositions acrylic paints are considered the highest quality

Filler – acrylic resins.
White color.
Purpose: interior decoration.
Consumption at optimal conditions is 150 grams per square meter.
Solvent – purified water.
Drying time at a temperature of 20 degrees is 1 hour.

Polyvinyl acetate paint

Water-based paint of this type is used not only for interior, but also for exterior finishing. In addition, the material can be used for processing wooden surfaces, cardboard, plywood and so on. This material is fireproof; prolonged exposure to water can lead to damage to the coating. Drying time at optimal temperature and humidity is 2 hours. The covering power of the material is high, but to cover stains and darker tones you will have to apply 2-3 layers. The material consumption is 200 ml per 1 m2. Due to its relatively high consumption, this material is one of the most expensive in the water-based class.

Polyvinyl acetate paints have optimal ratio prices and quality

When choosing a material, it is important to remember that all the above technical characteristics are inherent only in compositions that are made according to the right technologies. They have nothing to do with handicraft materials.

Water-based paint

Let's look at the characteristics of water-based paint. It is always difficult to imagine the renovation of premises without such a material as paint, which must be taken very seriously, since painting is a kind of result of all your construction or repair. We will not delve into antiquity, but only note that relatively recently, materials based on acetone, solvents (for enamel paint) and drying oil (for oil paints) were used for these purposes. Nowadays, more and more often, especially for interior work, they began to use paint on water based: water-dispersion and water-emulsion.

Composition of water-based paint

Composition of water-based paints

The composition of the paint includes small particles of various polymers, water, coloring pigments and various plasticizers, and all solid components do not dissolve in water, but are suspended. The supplements themselves do not contain harmful chemical elements, like solvents, therefore they do not publish unpleasant odors and non-toxic. During the painting process, water evaporates from the surface being treated, leaving tiny particles of the remaining fractions in the form polymer film. The film formers are acrylate, styrene acrylate, styrene butadiene and polyvinyl acetate, which divide the paint into several types:

Acrylic paint, containing acrylic resins, which, after drying, create plastic film resistant to fading, abrasion and cracking.
Part silicate paint included liquid glass, which is dissolved in water. Although the coating treated with this paint has good breathability, it is poorly protected from moisture.
Silicone paint is a creation of acrylic and silicate types by adding silicone resin to silicate paint. In addition to strength, the painted layer protects the processed material well from fungi.
The presence of latex in paint makes possible surface wash frequently even with detergents. This type of paint is called latex.

Application of water-based paint

Method of painting a ceiling with water-based paint

Before applying paint, you must carefully prepare the surface by wiping it from dust, dirt and remnants of old paint. If there are uneven surfaces in the form of bumps and depressions, you need to level it with putty and then clean it sandpaper. If the paint container has been in the cold, it must be kept in a warm room for 24 hours. In practice, paint consumption is usually 10 - 15% more than indicated in the instructions, so in order not to run to the store again later, you need to take this into account and buy paint with a reserve.

Water-based paint interacts well with materials such as fiberboard, chipboard, concrete and, in addition, it can be applied to the old layer oil paint. In turn, it is allowed to paint over the layer of water-based paint with any other paint.

Pros and cons of water-based paint

all types of water-based paints are diluted with water, and therefore there is no toxic component when working with them;
the coating layer withstands frequent wet cleaning;
the surface painted with paint allows air to pass through, which allows the walls and ceiling to “breathe”;
the quality of paint can be significantly improved by adding chalk or turpentine to it;
it is allowed to apply water-based paint to a surface previously painted with other types of paint;
relatively low cost;
Easy to work with paint, quick drying, tools can be easily washed with water after work.

a significant disadvantage of water-based paint is that it cannot be allowed to freeze, because it then loses all its qualities;
Painting work can be carried out at a temperature not lower than + 5 ºС.