Metal staircase 3 steps drawing dwg. Building a staircase in AutoCAD - the main design stages

Specialized design programs significantly save time when developing drawings, calculating the main dimensions of structures, and drawing up accompanying documentation for products. In addition, using the programs, there is no doubt that all design stages will be carried out in compliance with existing SNiP and GOST standards. The article will help you understand how to build a staircase in AutoCAD.

Modeling

The program allows you to design structures for any purpose, even for a beginner who does not have much experience in using the system, which includes:

  • Metal buildings for industrial and domestic purposes;
  • Firefighters;
  • Instructions for assembly and installation of any other design options.

The program has its own data library, which includes regulations to select a design, its parameters or SNiPs, and the rules for constructing the model. A series of regulations includes the basics of constructing metal structures, GOST standards for the materials used, requirements fire safety and basic urban planning rules.

The documentation or series regulates the basics of constructing structures and fencing for them, provides rules for proper installation of products and operation, and contains a list of additional elements.

Structural design procedure

Drawings made in AutoCad must comply with certain rules:

  • First of all, apply center lines, passing through the center;
  • The location of the march is tied to the walls of the building;
  • On the main view, floor levels of the first and second floors are marked;
  • All bends and bevels should be visible on the sections;
  • On the installation diagram, behind the contour of the main projection of the product, thin lines dimensions of the room, placement of openings for windows and doors.

To develop a drawing “for yourself,” these are the basic provisions for working with the program.

Type selection

Initially, you should choose the type of its design and material of manufacture.

Types in AutoCad

Types shown in the photo:

  • a – straight single-flight;
  • b – straight two-flight with an intermediate platform between the flights;
  • c – L-shaped two-flight with a corner platform between the flights;
  • d – U-shaped double-flight with an intermediate platform in the corner of the room;
  • d – three-flight with platforms in the intervals between marches;
  • e – single-flight curvilinear, located near the wall;
  • g - single-flight curvilinear, located in a rectangular volume;
  • h – screw;
  • and – single-flight with a 90° turn and with winder steps;
  • k – single-flight with a 90° turn, with lower and upper winder steps;
  • l - single-flight with a 180° turn, with winder steps in the middle of the structure.

The choice of type is influenced by:

  • The area allocated for its installation;
  • Ceiling height;
  • Architectural style.

The choice of material depends on the capital of the house and the degree of its fire resistance. The most convenient design, which provides the safest ascent - flat with one flight, with 15 steps.

March composition in AutoCad

How to draw in AutoCAD

When virtually creating a structure, ready-made blocks are used that are offered by the program - they can be edited by setting the required parameters. The composition includes several basic elements.

These include:

  • Prefabricated steps;
  • Area;
  • Fencing;
  • Railing.

Blocks for AutoCAD

In AutoCad, drawings are created by drawing up and selecting parameters for each specific element. The versatility of such computer software allows you to carry out and calculate in advance absolutely any design with or without a platform.

Elements of marches with platforms

The entire drawing is developed in section, which allows you to carefully view all selected elements. Each of them in the drawing shows not only the structure itself, but also all the main dimensions.

A set of ready-made documentation, which was developed in the AutoCad program, includes longitudinal and cross sections of objects, a specification with the necessary fasteners. Everything is done in compliance with the relevant GOSTs.

Steps and marches

Marches and nodes in AutoCad are carried out in accordance with GOST 9818-85.

The steps for them can be:

  • Flat without friezes - LM;
  • Ribbed with friezes - LMF;
  • Ribbed, consisting of two half-platforms - LMP.

In this case, the flat ones are installed on the slab, and the ribbed types are installed on the stringer. At the same time, LMP flights have a large-sized structure, united together by a slab.

For each type of structure, a site is selected, included in the program.

Tip: You should pay attention to the turn - it can be right or left.


After the development of working drawings, an installation diagram for placing structural elements on construction site. To do this, each node in AutoCAD is marked with a specific mark, which are placed on the assembly drawing.

Wiring diagram

Design with specified parameters

As an example, we consider the most difficult option— creation of a structure in the AutoCad program. In this case, the steps from bottom to top are placed around a common post.

The user sets the radius on the screen, in the absence of restrictions on the trajectory of the model. In another case, the radius must be determined taking into account the given length of the tread and the parameters of its shape. To get the desired radius, you should adjust the length of the tread.

Initial design stage

To create a model of a given tread width along the center line (T), you must:

  • Form a structure twice as wide as the given distance (A);
  • Using the Adapt Edge function, the outer edge is shifted to a position that matches the overall width B;
  • The offset value is B - 2A.

Design

Tip: Before selecting tools, to display the Properties palette, you need to click sequentially: the “Home” tab, then the “Creation” panel, then the “Tools” drop-down list and Properties.

After that:

  • Open the tool palette required for the job and select the desired tool;
  • On the properties palette, go to the “Design” tab and expand the “General” and “Basic” nodes;
  • The design style is selected;
  • For the “Shape” parameter, select “Screw”;
  • Sets the horizontal orientation;
  • Sets the type of vertical orientation for the model;
  • The “Dimensions” node expands.
  • Sets the width, height and snapping;
  • The method of completing the structure is determined;
  • The radius is set;
  • Select the type of dependency used for creation;
  • Click the icon next to Calculation Rules and, if necessary, set:
  1. Total length of the structure.
  2. Total number of risers.
  3. The height of all risers.
  4. The width of each tread of the march.
  • The “Advanced Options” palette expands;
  • “Parameters for floors” are set;
  • Installed minimum height or the number of steps in a flight or is set to “*NO*”;
  • The maximum height or number of steps in a flight is set or the value “*NO*” is selected;
  • Sets the center point;
  • The location is specified;
  • Development continues;
  • Enter is pressed.

The video shows the construction of any structure in more detail.

Modern technologies make it possible to significantly save time on the development of drawings, installation diagrams for metal structures, and on the necessary calculations. The program allows you to get acquainted with all angles in 3D projection staircase design, see its location in the space of the room. By designing a section based on the model, you can get an idea of ​​its design, internal structure the entire building.

Application of specialized computer program allows you to significantly simplify and speed up construction in AutoCAD. However, if possible, better process entrust the development of drawings to a professional. The cost of even a small mistake turns out to be too high, because the staircase is one of the most important components of the building.

When designing the stairs, materials from Series 1.050.9-4.93 were used. The width of flights of stairs is accepted as 1.2 m. The steps are adopted according to STB 1169-99 L=1500mm.

dwg format

Description of design

Stringers are adopted according to Series 1.050.9-4.93, issue 3, wall and front beams - according to Series 1.050.9-4.93, issue 3

Element interface units - according to Series 1.050.9-4.93 issue 0-1.

The order for the steps must specify that all main stages LS-12 and LS-15 must have M 1 embedded parts for fastening the racks stair railing taking into account the option of stairs with clockwise rise. The landings are designed according to Series 1.050.9-4.93, issue 0-0. BNB 5.03.01-02

The stringers are attached to the platform beams using M16 bolts. After checking the correct position of the mounted structures, the bolt nuts must be secured by welding them to the bolt rod, or by hammering the threads.

Welding is carried out using electrodes E-42 hshv.=6mm according to GOST-5264-80.

Cover the stringers and beams with steel woven mesh 1-R-12-1.6 GOST 8536-80 and plaster them cement-sand mortar M50 25 mm thick.

The beams rest on the s/d installed on monolithic belt


The most important. What profile are the stringers made from? Is it possible to calculate anything using dimensions and mass? Be prepared that with such drawings at the construction site they will put whatever is at hand.

Further. If the steps are according to GOST, why draw them? I don’t remember whether they have fastenings on the bottom or not, but if not, no one will most likely put them there for you, especially since in some cases there are loops for slinging. And the absence of loops must again be specified in the drawings and agreed with the installation organization. And why these mortgages? Weld a step? I’ve never seen them welded, they just put one on top of the other and that’s it. And again, you don’t have a unit for this and it’s not written anywhere, so at the construction site they won’t even think about cooking.

On the reinforcement of the sites for positions 1 and 2, show with arrows the distribution of the reinforcement, although if the quantity and pitch are calculated normally, then you can get by, but for clarity, I would put it from the “fool”, and they are in SPDS.

There is some kind of tricky marking on the reinforcement of the beam (brackets like this, brackets like that). If you want one, please explain in the OD. If they differ only in the embeds, they would make 1 drawing with all the embeds and a positional leader shown, for example, “Zd-1 only for BM-1.” It is unclear what the “l” (staircase?) in the brand in brackets means and why it is in brackets and why at all.

In general, forget about the mortgages in the steps, indicate which channel for the stringers and everything will be ok. The main thing is that the stringers are properly selected, and the foreman will sort out the rest himself at the construction site. =)

Yes, now you come across such foremen (not very smart). you give them detailed drawings, they will still “terarize” with their calls for half a year. And thanks for the comments.

And as for the steps to put one on top of another, not a single examination in seismic area not allowed. (especially in this case 9 points)

Which profile of the stringer is indicated in the specification on sheet KZh-61, drawings are also given there.

Thanks for your comments.

A couple more notes:
1. When reinforced landing if 20 mm is indicated to the reinforcing bar and it is drawn with one line, then it must be indicated that this is protective layer reinforcement, not the distance to the center.
2. If fences are indicated, then their fastening points are missing.
3. In a situation like yours, this is not QOL, but CR because it is both metal and concrete.
4. There is no need to indicate the dimensions and composition of floors that are not related to the stairs.
5. If there are holes in the embedded parts, it is necessary to indicate the diameter of the holes, otherwise, judging by the drawing, there are two holes D18 and there is 22 mm of clearance between them - it’s somehow strange :) did you look at the placement of the bolts according to the calculation? The metal in the section is shaded (well, maybe without SPDS it doesn’t show the hatching? :)).
6. What is the point of drawing out a serial stage if this is not a separate task for a reinforced concrete plant with its own parameters that are not included in the series? Moreover, the method of installing embedded parts in a step excludes the implementation of this operation on finished steps (so to speak, “in place”). And in this case there is no step reinforcement.
7. The sheets are not numbered THAT way - there is a separate column in the “SHEET” stamp. Stages of R.P. no longer, and it is written RP, and for this stage, by the way, everyone constructive solutions KR brand (again).
8. Notes from sheet 62 must be transferred to the first sheet - where the general data and general instructions for construction/manufacturing/installation of structures, etc.
PS. You don’t know what kind of foreman you’ll find at a construction site, so rely only on yourself.

I looked at the I-beams for the stringers. It's true. But why the hell did they settle in the “Specification of Stages”? What position, what designation?
What is “14-B”? If it is beam, then B1, for example. It’s better to indicate according to STO ASChM 20-93. Although that's not the point.

Possibly about seismicity - I haven’t seen it. =) Then give me the node where the rear step is welded to the stringer, for good night, otherwise the reply in the explanation says that they say they cook everything and that’s how it goes with everything...

On sheet 58 at west. positions are not included in the special as for 60.
There are 61 leaves on the sheet in the west. made of steel C345. What for? But for 58 the corner is not indicated at all - you will get C235.

Umka, steps, by the way, GOST has both “concrete” and “reinforced concrete.” so whether to reinforce them or not is the owner’s business. But I prefer to give it.

I’m not being picky, I’m just asking, these are my thoughts. Good luck.

Thanks for your comments. Based on your comments, I will respond with the following:

1, I agree with you. At least some notes could have been added.
2, I also agree. but I considered it a trifle and didn’t show it (the builders will figure it out themselves without a drawing)
3, I agree, you yourself probably know how lazy our architects are; designers have to do 50% of the work for them. and the fact that in the QOL section I showed metal structures, according to GOST 21.501-93 in the QOL section it is allowed to show metal ones, subject to the conditions of Appendix 14 (see at the end of GOST)
4, I also agree. This is information for foremen, so as not to ask again.
5, On the embedded parts everything is shown as it should be (apparently you don’t have SPDS)
6, According to GOST 21.501-93 Appendix 16, if additional embedded products are installed in prefabricated reinforced concrete products, then the designer is required to draw a formwork drawing of the product plus also show embedded parts.
7, I agree with the remark. (The architect numbered the AP, and I didn’t lag behind him either)
8, Notes can be moved, but as you can see, I don’t have room there.

Thanks again for your comments.

SERIES 1.450.3-7.94, issues 0, 1, 2 in .dwg format

STAIRS, PLATFORS, STEEL STAIRS AND STEEL FENCES FOR PRODUCTION BUILDINGS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Issue 0.

MATERIALS FOR DESIGN

Issue 1.

STRUCTURES FROM COLD-FOLDED PROFILES. KM DRAWINGS

Issue 2.

STRUCTURES FROM HOT-ROLLED PROFILES. KM DRAWINGS

This digitized series matches the original source perfectly.

AutoCad Opener

Developed series 1.450.3-7.94 "Stairs, platforms, stepladders and steel railings for industrial buildings industrial enterprises" consists of the following releases:
issue 0. Materials for design
issue 1. Structures made of cold-formed profiles. KM drawings
issue 2. Structures made of hot-rolled profiles. KM drawings
This issue 0 contains a description of the construction of steel stairs, platforms, stepladders and guardrails for them, necessary information for their correct installation and operation, as well as layout diagrams and nomenclature of stairs, platforms, stepladders, fences and additional elements.
1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF APPLICATION
1.1. Steel stairs, platforms, stepladders and fences are intended for use inside and outside heated and unheated buildings of industrial enterprises and engineering structures, constructed and operated in areas with snow and wind loads
I... according to SNiP 2.01.07-85, non-seismic and with a calculated seismicity of up to 9 points; with an estimated outside air temperature of minus 65°C and above; with explosion-proof categories of production; with a non-aggressive and weak degree of aggressive environmental influence under normal temperature and humidity conditions according to SNiP II-3-79.
1.2. Stairs, platforms, stepladders and fences can be used as intra-shop ones, incl. for service technological equipment, for arranging landing sites for overhead electric cranes, as external evacuation and fire-fighting cranes, with minor modifications for servicing steel tanks up to 18 m high, for servicing vertical and horizontal heated and unheated devices and vessels with a diameter of up to 20 m and as bridges for servicing electric lamps .
2. TECHNICAL DATA
2.1. The main parameters of staircases and landings, as well as the maximum permissible loads they are accepted taking into account an overload factor of 1.2 in accordance with the requirements
SNiP II-23-81 and SNiP 2.01.07-85 and are given in table. 1.2 of this explanatory note.
2.2. Layout diagrams of structures and docking units are shown on sheets 1-13 of this document - KS.
2.3. The width of flights of stairs and platforms in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.02-85 and SNiP 2.09.02-85 are accepted in two sizes: 7OO mm and 900 mm. The angle of inclination of flights of stairs is 45° and 60°.
2.4. It is possible to pierce flights of stairs onto both metal and reinforced concrete platforms and floors.
There are three options for fastening structures into tiers:
I - supporting flights of stairs and landings on bearing structures building;
II - a flat vertical truss created by flights of stairs and landings, pinched at the base and free at the top, is connected by belts-columns and additionally secured by connections with a pitch of no more than 9 m to the walls of the building. This option can be used for arranging fire escape and escape stairs.
III - a flat vertical truss created by flights of stairs and landings, pinched at the base and along the upper tier, connected by a column-belt. This option is recommended for arranging landing sites for electric overhead cranes.
For options II and III, the height of the flights of stairs is assumed to be 3.6 m. The height of the landing marks can be adjusted by changing
the lifting height of the first flight (increase module 0.6 m) and due to the change in height relative to the zero level ±0.3 m.
2.5. When using stairs, platforms, stepladders and fences in areas with seismicity 7...9 points, it is necessary to provide for: floor-to-floor cutting that does not affect the rigidity of the building frame, the use of anti-seismic joints, the gap between the structures and the walls and the building frame of at least 20 mm.
2.6. The parameters of vertical fire escapes and ladders comply with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.02-85 and are accepted with a width of 700 mm. In the lower tier, the structures rest on the foundation and are connected in height at a distance of no more than 9 m additional elements with the walls of the building.
2.7. The installation option and selection of a set of structures is determined by the designer taking into account the following - all other things being equal:
for light buildings metal structures it is recommended to use stairs, platforms, stepladders and fences made of cold-formed profiles as they are lighter and create less load on the building frame and foundation;
structures made from hot-rolled profiles can be manufactured under construction conditions; structures made from cold-formed profiles are manufactured, as a rule, at specialized enterprises.
3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1. The material of structures operated in areas with a design temperature of outside air: up to minus 40 °C should be group C235 according to GOST 27771-88, up to minus 65 °C group C255 according to GOST 27771-88.
H.2. Designs must have anti-corrosion coating in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9.402-80, GOST 9.401-91 and SNiP 2.03.11-85.
3.3. Substitutions of materials in structures are allowed:
To cover the steps of stairs and landings, it is possible to use hot-rolled corrugated steel in accordance with GOST 8568-77 and “Bataisk” type grating in accordance with TU 36-2044-77.
For load-bearing elements structures can be replaced with rolled products or profiles with similar or higher strength properties.
It is possible to assemble structures from cold-formed and hot-rolled profiles.
3.4. Packaging of structures must ensure the safety of protective decorative covering. Transport packages should weigh no more than 3.5 tons. Structures should be stored on pads in stacks no more than 2 m high. Additional elements are stored in boxes. Storage conditions 7 according to GOST 15150-69.
3.5. During installation and loading and unloading operations, structures are strapped “to the girth” using protective gaskets to preserve the decorative coating.
4. INSTALLATION
4.1. When developing installation drawings, the design organization must be guided by approximate wiring diagrams, nodes and nomenclature of this release.
4.2. The calculation of foundations for a selected set of structures according to bracing options is carried out by a design organization that uses the structures at a specific construction site.
Structures fastened according to option II (external main evacuation and fire escape stairs) are designed for maximum loads on stairs with a height of 22.2 m, taking into account that:
wind load is transferred to the foundation through flights of stairs;
vertical constant useful and snow load transmitted through support links.
Structures braced according to option III (stairs for landing platforms of overhead electric cranes) are designed for temporary loads
3.0 kN/m² (300 kgf/m²) with a staircase height of 15 m.
The fencing of stairs and platforms is designed for short-term loads, provided for by SNiP 2.01.07-85 and GOST 12.4.059-89.
Vertical fire escapes are designed based on the maximum loads on ladders with a height of 20.1 m (wind load and dead weight).
4.3. The connection of elements of stairs, platforms, stepladders and fences is carried out using bolted joints and mandatory welding of hinge joints.
The formation of a reverse slope of steps of more than 1° is not allowed
when installing stairs.
The fences are assembled on site (taking into account left and right execution). The joining of handrails, strings and curbs to each other is carried out by welding with the fitting of the joint in place.
Fastening the stepladder guards to the stepladder frame and joining the racks is done with bolts.
4.4. Installation features are indicated in the nodes.
4.5. Installation of a set of structures must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III-18-75 and taking into account the safety requirements of SNiP III-4-80
5. PRODUCT DESIGNATIONS
5.1. A set of structures, depending on the rolled metal profiles from which it is made, has the following indices in its marking:
X - cold-formed profile;
G - hot-rolled profile.
5.2. Depending on the operating conditions, stair steps and platform decks are made from:
F - steel sheet with rhombic corrugation;
B - expanded metal sheet steel;
R - strips on the edge and round steel (VISP type).
Examples of brand definitions are given in the corresponding nomenclature for stairs, platforms, stepladders, fences, and additional elements.

Stairs are load-bearing structures of a building that serve for vertical communication between floors. When designing a staircase made of stacked reinforced concrete steps on steel stringers, it is important to pay attention Special attention connecting individual parts of the staircase to each other.

If load-bearing structures flight of stairs and the interfloor platform serve as channels, they can be connected using a mounting element made of hot-rolled angle, to which the load-bearing structures are attached by welding.

Using standard parts from the GraphhiCS SPDS database, you can quickly draw the junction of the staircase to the interfloor landing (If you have not yet installed this program, you can do this using ). A drawing created in this way in AutoCAD will be dynamic, i.e. easy to make changes.

See the video for more details.


In this article we will get acquainted with the LIRA program interface, and also calculate a beam on two supports with a uniformly distributed load. Lira program commands discussed in the lesson: Selecting a design feature Creating a new file Arranging nodes Creating bars Installing fasteners Assigning rigidities Applying loads Static calculation Reading calculation results Saving a calculation file. Watch the video tutorial for more details. […]