Do-it-yourself sharpening tool for drills. A tool for sharpening drills should be in the arsenal of any home craftsman.

When drilling holes in parts made of metal, the tool used is subject to active wear, which leads to intense heating of the drills and, as a consequence, to their failure. To avoid this, it is necessary to regularly restore their geometric parameters, and a special device for drill sharpening. This simple device, which you can make yourself, allows you to quickly and efficiently sharpen dull drills and not spend money on purchasing new ones.

A device designed for sharpening drills is especially relevant in cases where these tools often have to be used on metal, as a result of which they quickly wear out and require regular restoration. When processing wood, the drill used for these purposes practically does not wear out and, accordingly, requires minimal attention to the parameters of its sharpening. For drills whose cutting part is equipped carbide inserts, such a device is also not particularly significant, since they are practically not subject to regrinding and are used by craftsmen until they are completely worn out or broken.

Many experienced specialists do not use sharpening devices at all, completely relying on their experience and eye. However, as practice shows, in such cases it is better to use devices that allow mechanization this process. This will ensure maximum accuracy and the required quality of the result.

On modern market We offer a variety of tools for sharpening drills, allowing you to quickly, efficiently and accurately restore the geometry cutting tool even if you have no experience performing such procedures. Meanwhile, you can not spend money on purchasing such devices, but make a simple machine for sharpening drills with your own hands.

Manufacturing options

Whatever device or machine is used to sharpen a drill for metal, its quality must be controlled. For this, a special template is used, which can also be serial or made by hand. This template is necessary primarily to control the accuracy of the angles of the cutting part, which are formed during the process of sharpening the drill. The tools used to work with different materials differ from each other, including the magnitude of such angles. To know exact values the latter can be found in the reference table.

Working with different materials and knowing the angles of the cutting part of drills for such materials, you can make several templates at once and use them to control the correct sharpening of the same drill, which in this case acts as a universal tool.

As the simplest device for sharpening drills, you can use a sleeve with an internal diameter corresponding to the transverse size of the drill, rigidly fixed to a reliable base at a certain angle. When selecting a sleeve for such a device, you must ensure that the diameter of its internal hole strictly corresponds to the transverse size of the drill being sharpened. The tool being processed should not be allowed to dangle in such a hole, since even a 1–2° deviation of its axis from the required value can seriously reduce the quality and accuracy of the sharpening performed.

It is better to immediately equip a homemade device for sharpening drills with a holder made of copper or aluminum tubes, internal diameters which correspond standard sizes the drills you use most often. You can do it simpler and supplement such a device used for sharpening drills with a wooden block. Holes must be drilled in the block corresponding to the sizes of tools of various diameters. The most important element The design of such a device is a handy tool that simultaneously solves several important problems:

• ensures correct fixation of the drill and its precise movement in relation to the surface of the grinding wheel;
• acts as a reliable support for the tool being processed.

A similar device based on an oak block with holes of different diameters was used by our grandfathers, who used it to sharpen drills with high quality and precision. The main problem that must be solved homemade machine or a device used for sharpening drills - correctly orient the cutting part of the drill being processed in relation to the working surface of the grinding wheel.

To make a homemade machine for sharpening drills, you can use various designs of such devices. The corresponding drawings are easy to find on the Internet. Moreover, if you understand the operating principle of such a device, then you can make your own sharpening machine according to your own design.

Drawings of fixture parts

Promopore Promopore platform Movable platform
Drill bit mount and stop screw Turntable Bolts, nuts, pins and washers

Exists important rule which must be observed when working with such a device: during its use, the drill being sharpened should not rotate around its axis. If the tool rotates even at a small angle, sharpening will have to be done again.

After sharpening the drill, it should be allowed to cool. Then you need to check its restored geometric parameters using a template. It must be borne in mind that the cutting edges of the tool may differ from each other in length by no more than tenths of a millimeter. It is especially important to comply with this requirement for drills that differ large diameter.

Among the mistakes made when sharpening drills using such a device, two of the most typical ones stand out.

1. The length of the cutting edges, even with their symmetry and correctly selected angles, is not the same; accordingly, the drilling center is shifted relative to the tool axis. A drill that was sharpened with such an error will create a strong runout during the drilling process, and it will be quite difficult to get it into the center of the future hole on the surface of the workpiece. A tool sharpened in this way is highly likely to break during further use.
2. When the drill is accurately centered, the angles at which its cutting edges are located are asymmetrical. Since this causes only one cutting edge to work, drilling will occur slowly, while the tip of the tool will actively heat up. This will lead to the tempering of the metal from which the drill is made, and the hole created will be broken (will have a diameter greater than the transverse size of the tool itself).

How to make a machine for sharpening twist drills

As a basis for the manufacture of a sharpening machine for spiral-type drills, you can use any serial sharpening unit that can operate without runout and withstand significant loads. When equipping such a machine with additional devices, the following requirements must be met.

• The axis of the tool rest must coincide with the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, and it can be located with it in the same horizontal plane or be higher than it.
• All elements the structure being created must be securely fixed to ensure the safety of sharpening work.
• The design of the device must allow sharpening of drills both manually and semi-automatically.
• The device of the tool rest should allow the drill shank to be positioned at any angle.

During production of this device sharpening drills does not require complex technical devices and scarce materials that will have to be purchased additionally. All components can be found in almost any home workshop or garage. As equipment and tools with which such components will be modified before assembling the device, you can use an ordinary grinder and a welding machine.

Since the stop of such a device must be oscillating, which is necessary for sharpening drills in a semi-automatic mode, a loop connection should be used to fix it. When selecting a tube, bracket and bolt for the fastening unit, you should keep in mind that there should be no play in the device. The homemade product of the proposed design has two degrees of freedom.

The platform of such a device, on which the drill being processed is fixed, has the ability to rotate along a vertical axis, making it possible to change the sharpening angle of the tool. In addition, the tool resting on horizontal axis, can make oscillatory movements, which ensures correct articulation during sharpening.

For the manufacture of structural elements such a device is used sheet metal various thicknesses, namely:

• support plate – 4 mm;
• drill guide plate – 5 mm;
• other structural elements - 3 mm.

The tool rest, on the top of which the support plate is installed, must be securely fixed to the body grinding machine. For this, an additional metal “cheek” is used, connected to the device bracket.

The guide plate, on the surface of which it is necessary to make a triangular groove designed to accommodate the tool being processed, is fixed on the support plate using a screw connection.

Device and design features The drill sharpening device in question allows it to rotate up to 90°. Thanks to this ability, you can sharpen drills using this device using almost any of the methods used today.

The drill, sharpened using such a device, fits into the guide groove and can move freely in it in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the sharpening angle of the tool does not change.

Since the upper surface of the support plate is located slightly above the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, when using such a device, the optimal sharpening shape of the back surface of the drill is achieved.

The process of sharpening drills using such a device is as follows.

• The tool is positioned in the guide groove of the fixture so that its cutting edge is parallel to the edge of the guide plate.
• After adjusting the position, the drill is slowly fed to the working surface of the rotating grinding wheel.

The process of working with such a device is well demonstrated in a video that is easy to find on the Internet.

Despite the simplicity of the design, such a device ensures high accuracy of sharpening, for quality control of which you don’t even need to use a template. If you fix the swing plate of this device at a fixed angle, it can also be used for sharpening drills equipped with carbide inserts.

In order to successfully sharpen metal drills, most of which are made of high-speed steel, it is necessary to use a sufficiently hard grinding wheel. For this purpose, you can use an abrasive tool made of silicon carbide. Such wheels, which can be identified by their green color and marking 64C, should have a grain size in the range of 8H - 16H. When using discs made of this material, you must keep in mind that they become very hot during operation, so you should not allow the drill to be sharpened to be in prolonged contact with the abrasive tool. To prevent overheating of the drill when sharpening it on such a disk, the tool must be regularly cooled using an aqueous solution of soda.

Drills must be of high quality and well sharpened in work professional master. In the old days, drill sharpening was done by hand.

Today there are special devices for sharpening drills, and their design is very simple.

Why is sharpening needed?

If the drill becomes dull, it is very difficult, and sometimes impossible, for them to drill through the surface. It is also worth noting that for different types drill surfaces must have a certain sharpening angle, for example, for a plastic surface the angle will be 30 degrees, for hardened steel this angle will be 130 degrees.

In cases where a perfectly drilled hole is not required, the sharpening angle can be 90 degrees.

How to properly sharpen a drill

You can sharpen the drill yourself using abrasive discs. During sharpening, the drill must be held by the working surface. You need to hold the tail of the drill with your other hand.

From the side, the drill must be pressed against the abrasive disc. Then it is advisable to turn it with extreme care, as a result the cutting edge will take the required angle and structure.

Sharpening the drill must be done on each side separately. It is also necessary to ensure that the tip of the drill is located exactly in the center when sharpening the cutting part. This must be done correctly, as an error in sharpening can cause the drill to skewer to the side.

Do-it-yourself drill sharpening is not the best good way, since it is capable of carrying with it a number of inaccuracies, for example, the cutting edges may not be correct in relation to the tool axis.

Sharpening device

The device is designed for sharpening blind or through drills made of cast iron and steel. This device is made taking into account the types of sharpening, as well as its size. It is easy to change the sharpening angle on the machine.

There are two types of devices that will help sharpen a drill: a household and an industrial machine. In the first case, the sharpening device takes up little space and fits perfectly into the home, but such a machine can only sharpen small drills.

Industrial machines that are made to sharpen drills with large diameters have great power. The industrial machine has a clamp and a sharpening wheel.

With this device, drill sharpening occurs under the supervision of an operator who can easily control the process. Such devices are designed for long-term operation.

How to make a machine for sharpening drills with your own hands

We will need following materials: abrasive disc, switch, motor with good power, stand, wires, axle and plug. Also for safe use The machine must have a housing, outside of which it is necessary to place an axis with an abrasive wheel for operation.

You first need to decide on the installation location of the machine, since it will be connected to an outlet.

Also, our device should be placed on a table, preferably made of metal, where the engine will need to be placed, and marks should be placed for making holes for the bolts.

An abrasive disc is placed on the motor shaft. To secure it to the shaft, you must first put on the washer, then the disk, and then the washer again. After this, you should install the fastening nut on the pre-prepared thread on the shaft.

An engine from washing machine. The power of its motor will be sufficient for the process of sharpening drills. Wires can also be taken from improvised equipment.

Note!

You need to connect the wires to the starter, which should have three open contacts. The winding must be capable of connecting phase lines using two starters connected in series.

The off button should be connected to NC, and the start button will be connected to NO, and it should also be in parallel connection with two NO contacts of the starter.

When you press the power button, voltage will be applied to the winding and as a result the circuits should close. When the button is released, the voltage supplied to the starter should not be removed. When disconnected, the engine must stop.

The engine itself safe device, but to protect its mechanisms from dust it is necessary to make a frame that will protect it from environmental influences.

To make it, you can use a metal box or make protective screen from glass. It is also worth installing a casing that covers the end of the disk by a third. It will protect the worker if the abrasive disc cracks.

Photo of sharpening drills with your own hands

Note!

Note!

Not only the speed and quality of drilling, but also safety precautions depend on the sharpening of the drill. Only professional toolmakers can manually sharpen a drill by eye; everyone else will either make the cutting edges at an incorrect angle, or make the pads semicircular, or make them unequal and shift the center of the drill. All of the above errors lead to the fact that it is impossible to work with such a tool.

There are many tips for making special devices at home; in principle, they do a good job of their tasks. But they have one common drawback - to make them you need to be a good mechanic and welder, and not everyone has such knowledge. In addition, the process itself requires quite a lot of time. We offer a very simple and universal solution, it will take no more than 10–20 minutes, and the quality of sharpening will fully meet the standards.

What you need for the device

Should be prepared wooden block approximately 100x50x30 mm, an ordinary drill, a school square, a pencil, a Euroscrew or any other long element with wood carvings.

Manufacturing process

Find the center at the end of the rectangular block and drill in it through hole. You can use an ordinary drill. If you have doubts about your skills, then find the center at the opposite end; with its help you can control the verticality of the hole. This is very important condition. If this is not done, the cutting edges of the drill after sharpening will not be the same.
Cut two corners of the block at a 120 degree angle. First you need to draw two lines at an angle of 30 degrees, they must intersect exactly in the center, this is also an important condition. The consequence of failure to do so is that the center of the drill will shift to the side, and the tool will hit while drilling. The cut must be strictly perpendicular to the planes. To control, also draw lines with reverse side bars, then you can use them to correct the cut on a grinder. There should be an angle of 120 degrees at the top, this is one size fits all for metal drills.

When turning, the drill is inserted into the hole; to fix it in a given position, you can use a Euroscrew. On the side face, you need to drill a hole of the appropriate diameter until it connects with the central hole. At this point, the work on manufacturing the fixture is completed.

How to use

Before sharpening the drill bit, insert it into the hole. Align the cutting planes exactly along the edges of the block with a protrusion of about a millimeter. It all depends on the degree of damage to the cutting edges. Clamp the tool firmly with the Euroscrew.

Lay it on its side grinder with an endless belt and carefully sharpen the edges. It is advisable to start from the center and gradually press the entire surface of the device onto the sandpaper; when it touches the wood, sharpening stops. Then all actions are repeated on the other side.

Conclusion

Practice has shown that this device works great, but subject to two conditions:

• It is necessary to sharpen with serviceable tools, it doesn’t matter, it’s a grinder, Grinder or sharpener. The abrasive element cannot have runout, otherwise no device will help.
• If, due to insufficient experience, quite a lot of whetstone is removed during sharpening, then its angle should be checked periodically.

Another advantage is that if the device is made with a diameter of 10 mm, then it can be used to restore the edges of drills with a diameter of 8–10 mm. Make several of them with different diameters for all the drills used.

It is quite simple to make a device for sharpening drills with your own hands; the conditions for success will be knowledge of the rules for sharpening a cutting tool, as well as the ability to work hand tools and technical savvy.

The basic rules for ensuring high-quality sharpening are:

• in one pass it is necessary to remove a small layer of metal;
• during the work process, the drill is repeatedly cooled in an aqueous or water-soda solution;
• the rotation speed of the sanding wheel should be as low as possible;
• the drill should not overheat during sharpening;
• During the work process, the drill is directed against the movement of the abrasive wheel.

The volume and nature of the work performed depend on the type of wear on the cutting tool. Depreciation can be classified by:

• back surface;
• jumpers;
• corners;
• chamfer;
• front surface.

Depending on the type of drill sharpening, it technical characteristics, as well as appointments, are recommended the following types their processing, somehow:

Type of sharpening	Diameter	Purpose and characteristics of sharpening angle
Single normal – “N”	up to 12.0 mm	For universal application. Angle – in accordance with the material being processed.
Single with jumper point – “NP”	up to 12.0 mm	For processing steel castings. Angle – 115-120°.
Single with a point of the jumper and ribbon - “NPL”	over 12.0 mm	For steel and steel castings as well as cast iron. Angle – 115-120°.
Double with a pointed jumper - “DP”	over 12.0 mm	For steel and cast iron with unskimmed crust. Sharpening is performed at two angles: 116-118° and 70-75°.
Double with a point of the jumper and ribbon - “DPL”	over 12.0 mm	For universal use. Angle – in accordance with the material being processed.
According to Zhirov's method	over 12.0 mm	Used when processing fragile materials. The main sharpening angle is 118*, additional sharpening angles are 70° and 55°.

Sharpening angles for twist drills used in machining various materials must be clarified before using them, because they vary from 85 to 135*, which is due to their viscosity.

How to make a machine with your own hands

To sharpen twist drills, any sharpening machine (unit) powered by electrical network 380/220 Volt, equipped with an emery wheel and equipped with a special device that ensures the fixation of the drill being sharpened at a certain angle to the axis of rotation of the abrasive element of the device.

Basic requirements for special devices, ensuring high-quality performance of work:

1. The axis of the device must coincide with the axis of rotation of the abrasive wheel. It can be in the same horizontal plane with it or be slightly higher than it.
2. The equipment and fixtures used must be securely fastened.
3. The design of the device should make it possible to sharpen the drill under different angles, depending on the user's needs.

To make one of the options for such devices you will need:

• Manual locksmith tool, angle grinder (“grinder”), welding machine.
• Sheet steel 3.0 - 4.0 mm thick, as well as small diameter steel tube available.

Work on the manufacture of the machine is carried out in the following sequence:

• The sharpening machine used (No. 5 in the diagram) is firmly fixed to the selected surface.
• A platform is made from strip steel (No. 1 in the diagram), on which the drill will be fixed (No. 3 in the diagram).
• The shape of the site can be arbitrary, the only condition is that a groove is made at the location of the drill using a grinder.
• Holes are drilled on the platform (No. 6 in the diagram), which serve to secure the mounting plate (No. 2 in the diagram), as well as holes that provide connection of the device to the grinding machine (not indicated in the diagram).
• The shape and size of the mounting plate can be arbitrary.
• The attachment point to the base of the grinding unit is made from a metal tube and strip steel. The presence of a tube allows the device to move in vertical plane– it becomes possible to change the sharpening angle of the drill.
• The attachment point for the sharpening device to the body of the sharpening machine depends on the type and design of the sanding wheel protection unit (No. 4 in the diagram), as well as the presence of a stop (platform) of the specific sanding unit.
• If desired, the attachment point can be equipped additional elements, providing oscillatory movement of the device in the horizontal plane, which will ensure the required articulation during the work process.
• After all the elements of the device are assembled, it is attached to the stop (casing) of the sharpening machine and the functionality of the manufactured device is checked.

To sharpen screw drills, you can use various emery wheels, but in light of the fact that this consumables(tool) is made from durable steel, then the abrasive elements must correspond to this.

Metal drills are always hardened, but the products may become dull over time. Naturally, this is not a reason to throw them away. If you wish, you can sharpen the drill yourself using professional equipment or homemade devices.

Main types of sharpening

Experienced craftsmen know that sharpening a drill for metal can be different. depending on diameter and application features.

• Single-plane sharpening is designed for drills with a maximum diameter of 3 mm. During the work process, it is possible that the edges may “paint”, so you need to be very careful. To properly sharpen the product, it should be applied to the circle and moved parallel to the surface.
• The conical procedure is intended for larger metal cutting tools. In this case, the tool must be held with both hands, performing sequential sharpening.
• Finishing is carried out after finishing sharpening. Thanks to this procedure, it is possible to polish the cutting edge and eliminate even the smallest nicks.

To sharpen a drill with your own hands correctly, you need to use the appropriate machines. Similar devices are divided into 2 groups.

If you are interested in the question of how to sharpen a drill for metal, then be sure to purchase the appropriate machine. Suitable for home use inexpensive model with average power. It will allow you to sharpen small drills for metal.

Naturally, when purchasing you need pay attention to the noise level, as well as the design of the model. The best option It will become a simple machine, because it will not be difficult to select the necessary parts for it.

It is necessary to buy such devices only in specialized places, since a technical passport is included in the kit. Moreover, you will be given a warranty card.

Using machines at home

As mentioned earlier, it is advisable to use household machines at home. With their help it is possible to sharpen different kinds drills It is important to remember that for some varieties you will have to purchase the appropriate circles.

To sharpen a drill yourself, you should give preference to a machine equipped with a universal chuck. It allows you to clamp elements of various diameters.

Often included are:

• keys;
• collets;
• spare parts;
• lamp for the work area.

The most popular equipment is from Drill Doctor and GS. Similar products are designed for sharpening drills with a diameter of 2–13 mm and 14–34 mm. Unfortunately, this equipment does not allow sharpening very thin drills. For this purpose you will have to purchase a special machine.

All equipment designed for sharpening drills at home, has a number of advantages:

• possibility of working from the mains;
• high performance;
• ease of use;
• functionality;
• sharpening accuracy;
• affordable price;
• compact dimensions;
• light weight;
• convenient control system, thanks to which you can adjust the intensity of sharpening and its speed.

Homemade sharpening devices

If you do not have the appropriate machine, you can sharpen it using other devices. We are talking about an electric drill or homemade equipment, created according to the drawing. It's best to give preference to the second option, otherwise you may ruin a lot of drills before you get the hang of it. correct sharpening.

You can even create a suitable device with your own hands from wood. So, a beam with holes corresponding to the diameter of the drills is fixed on a horizontal surface. The holes mentioned above are made at a slight angle to obtain the required sharpening angle.

Some craftsmen prefer an electric drill equipped with appropriate attachments. Naturally, range similar elements small, which makes it difficult to do the sharpening yourself. As a rule, a stone and a leash are included with the nozzles. If you plan to sharpen drill bits using a specific drill, you should immediately shorten the driver.

If you wish, you can make a similar attachment for a drill yourself, following the recommendations given in the corresponding video. Such devices must be equipped with fasteners for fixing the drill.

Features of the sharpening process

If this is your first time deciding to sharpen a part with your own hands, perform work in strict sequence.

1. The back surface is treated first. So, press the drill tightly and constantly make sure that the sharpening angle remains the same. As a result of processing, the tip of the drill will resemble a regular cone.
2. Next comes the turn of the cutting part.
3. The last stage involves finishing the back surface. In this case, you must make sure that the size of the jumper is no more than 0.4 mm. Naturally, for a large metal drill, this parameter should be slightly larger.

If something doesn't work out right the first time, don't despair. It's best to start practicing with tools that you're unlikely to need. The main thing is to learn how to apply pressure correctly and maintain the angle. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the side parts of the drill, and not the tip, are responsible for drilling. Accordingly, the edges must be sharpened.

It is important to remember that during the sharpening process small particles are formed. Due to heating, they fly away in the form of sparks. It is for this reason that safety precautions must be followed. We are talking about using safety glasses and gloves. Also, when sharpening, you should make sure that the drill is securely fixed. Otherwise, it may accidentally fall out of your hands.

If you decide to use an appropriate machine for sharpening, be sure to prepare workplace. In particular, we are talking about good lighting. Also need wear protective gloves and goggles.

To properly sharpen a drill with your own hands, you need use suitable equipment. This can be a household or industrial machine, as well as an electric drill with a special attachment. If you haven't tried sharpening a drill before, check out the corresponding video first.