What to do if the drainage pit fills up quickly? The cesspool has silted up - what to do, how to clean it. The cesspool is clogged.

This unit will solve all your pit problems. It has more power than a conventional sewer truck, the depth with which it can cope is 16 m (as opposed to the 6 m of a sewer truck).

Heavy duty suction machine

Some sludge suckers have nozzles that allow you to supply water under high pressure to cope with dense sludge.

Further actions

Now that the sludge has been pumped out, it all depends on how your pit is constructed. If it is sealed (the bottom is concrete, for example), then the work is over - you can continue to safely use the toilet.

If you left the bottom earthen or covered it with crushed stone, you need to make sure that in the near future the hole is not covered with clay again.

Sandy soils absorb moisture well. After cleaning, you can renew the gravel layer and use it. But to be honest, it's not very good good decision.The gravel will quickly become covered with silt again, and all procedures will have to be repeated.

Still, it would be better not to spare effort and money and pour concrete base(this is especially true for cesspools in loamy soils). This will help significantly delay the time for your next serious drain cleaning!

Treatment facilities are simply necessary for waste disposal in a private home. - polymer tank, septic tank, cesspool. System care.

You might be interested in learning about ways to unclog clogs in your sink. Read about how to clean pipes with a plunger, plumbing cable and chemicals.

Video on the topic

Many owners of houses and cottages with individual sewage systems are faced with the problem of sludge forming in the cesspool. To put it in order, it is necessary to use a suitable method, taking into account the design of the pit. Cleaning cesspool differs from sludge for:

• a cesspool without a bottom, which is simply a depression in the ground;
• a sealed pit with a bottom, where waterproofing of the entire surface is used to protect against waste leakage into the soil;
• septic tank, a special design that provides biological treatment with special filters or additives.

It is important to choose the right way to clean a cesspool of sludge so that this process goes without problems and does not take much time.

Tidying up a hole without a bottom

Most of the waste in such a pit is recycled in a natural way, but microorganisms living in the ground are not able to cope with sludge. Therefore, it is necessary to add water inside and then clean out the contents with an ordinary bucket on a rope. After drying, it is advisable to fill the bottom with gravel, which will simplify subsequent maintenance.

If the hole is too large and filled to the limit with waste, then it will be easier to completely bury it and then prepare a place for a new one.

Cleaning a sealed pit

There are three ways to remove sludge from a cesspool:

• fecal pump with the function of grinding all large waste drawn in. In this case, it is necessary to dilute the contents with water, and then load a hose inside with a special device connected for pumping out waste. As it drains, it is necessary to add more water, which is also pumped out to wash the walls and bottom;
• biological products. When choosing how to dissolve sludge in a cesspool, many prefer to use such additives. They are offered in powder, liquid or tablet form. When added to a pit, they prevent the formation of sludge, reduce unpleasant odors and significantly reduce the amount of solid waste;
• chemicals. It is necessary to choose nitrate oxidizers that are safe for nature and humans. They quickly dissolve sludge, remove unpleasant odors and generally reduce the amount of waste, which can then be used for fertilizer.

It should be noted that periodic pumping of waste will still be required, even if you mainly use biological products and chemicals.

Septic tank cleaning

Many who use septic tanks do not think about how to clean the cesspool of sludge. This is due to the fact that manufacturers install special pipes. Through them, silt is removed from the pit by gravity, without requiring any effort from the owner.

But in some cases there are no such pipes, so the septic tank requires periodic cleaning with a drainage pump. With its help, all existing contaminants are completely removed.

You can also use special bacteria for septic tanks. They reduce the amount of solid waste and also break down silt and fat layers, so that even without special pipes, the pit remains clean and always ready for use.

Summer residents quite often have to deal with old cesspool– a problem that is unpleasant. Everyone knows the inconvenience that downtime causes. country sewerage. There are several common cleaning methods:

Using a pump or other available tool; Use of chemical or biological products; Ordering a sewer truck.

Cleaning the cesspool yourself

One of the most popular local sewage systems today is a cesspool, which is actively used in summer cottages, private houses and cottages. Unlike other similar systems, it does not require large operating costs. The main problem after putting a cesspool into operation is choosing the most appropriate option for cleaning it.

Cleaning with a conventional pump or other available means has several features:

The appearance of an unpleasant odor; The need to purchase a special fecal pump or filters for a conventional pump so that it does not become clogged; The process takes a lot of time and effort; The need to remove waste from the site.

Using a regular bucket and shovel will make the cleanup process even more difficult and unpleasant. In addition, you will need a large, sealed container to accommodate subsequent wastewater disposal. Therefore, if you actively use a cesspool, it is best to purchase a special automatic pump, which will pump out wastewater as the pit fills.

Cleaning a cesspool using a suction pump

One way or another, you have to pump it out periodically, but, as we already understood, if you do it yourself, it will be quite unpleasant and difficult.

Contacting a specialized company is the most the best way out from the situation. You can always order cesspool service, high-quality cleaning and sewage pumping services. Modern methods, devices and technology have become much more convenient and simpler, so it will not be difficult to choose a cesspool cleaner. “Dirty” work is now being done using special devices, working complexes and instruments, so manual labor is almost excluded here. Available a large number of preparations that speed up the process of waste decomposition, eliminating possible odors, because microbes are processed. In their work, specialists use only proven materials, new world technologies and high-quality modern equipment, so those who order services will be satisfied with such cooperation.

Note! When you seek help from experienced specialists, you can be sure of high quality works This will require minimal effort on your part. A sewer truck will not only quickly pump out sewage, but will also solve the problems of removing waste from the site and its further disposal.

Features of cleaning a pit using a sewer machine:

Use a directory or the Internet to find an organization that disposes of household liquid waste. Order a sludge pump - this is a special machine that pumps out liquid waste. Sludge suckers are needed for vacuum cleaning wells, cesspools, sewer and stormwater networks from sludge and its transportation to the unloading site. The sludge sucking machines include Vacuum pump with drive, tank, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic systems, suction boom and optional equipment. Control is carried out from a remote control panel for the suction boom. Unloading of sludge occurs when tanks are tipped over. The only drawback of this method is pumping out the pit for the first time in all existing time, after such pumping, the soil’s ability to absorb water deteriorates, and it will have to be pumped out annually.

Note! To carry out cleaning using a sewer truck, it is necessary to ensure that the suction pump can reach a distance of no more than 4 meters. In addition, the depth of the pit should not exceed 3 meters.

If you use a cesspool only in summer period and the water consumption is small, then you will have to call the vacuum cleaners about once a month. However, when permanent residence in the home and active use of the shower, washing machine, dishwasher and other water-consuming devices, you will have to order a suction pump three to four times a month.

Of course, this service is not very cheap, but this method of cleaning cesspools is very effective and allows you to solve many problems, including the problem of waste disposal.

Use of biological products

An excellent solution for cleaning pits is the use of chemical and biological products. If necessary, you can consult a specialist to determine the required amount of funds for your cesspool. To disinfect the contents, there is also an antiseptic for cesspools.

Note! The result of the use of modern chemical and biological products is that instead of fecal matter and waste, a liquid is formed in the cesspool, which is odorless and safe. The sediment can be pumped out with a conventional pump, so calling a sewer truck will be required much less often.

Features of the use of biological products:

Biological products process accumulated fats, feces, paper, vegetable peelings and other contents. At the same time, the volume of waste is significantly reduced and cesspools are disinfected. For materials that were used in the construction process, biological products, unlike chemicals, are completely safe. They don't provide negative influence on metal, cinder block, brick, concrete and plastic. However, bacteria do not process materials of inorganic origin, household or construction garbage, as well as plastic containers, for example, plastic bags and bottles. Many chemicals are harmful to bacteria, so wastewater containing washing powders and detergents should not be poured into a cesspool. In an aggressive environment, bacteria will die, so cleaning will be ineffective. Biological products begin to work two hours after entering a liquid medium. In four hours they effectively cope with unpleasant odors. Bacteria can work effectively only at temperatures from +4 to +30 degrees. Before using the drug, be sure to read the instructions. Some drugs are sold immediately in ready-made liquid form, while others are sold in the form of granules, which must first be diluted in water. With the help of biological products, it is possible to restore the drainage properties of the pit, that is, its ability to absorb water. This is especially true after pumping with sewage trucks, when the drainage of the cesspool is disrupted.

Also, the drainage properties may deteriorate during the use of the pit, as a result of the bottom being filled with organic waste, the build-up of waste on the walls or the base of a fatty impenetrable plug. When using a bioactivator, drainage will be restored, the bottom and walls of the sewer pit or septic tank will return to their original state, and the incoming water will be absorbed into the soil again.

Note! Sometimes an unpleasant and specific odor appears after cleaning with a suction pump has been carried out. And this smell does not disappear immediately, but sometimes persists for about two weeks. Biological products that effectively combat unpleasant odors will also help you solve this problem.

Using biological products for cesspools and local treatment facilities, the consumer must be confident in their effectiveness not only in terms of cleaning and combating unpleasant odors, but also in the environmental safety of the drugs used.

Biological products that are used for cleaning are the result of long-term scientific research in the field of biotechnology. They consist of microorganisms and bacteria, which through their vital activity do not cause any harm to the environment.

Today it is possible to order biological products for cleaning cesspools from specialized companies that will help you choose a drug for each specific situation, and also help you determine optimal quantity drug, which is necessary for a cesspool of a certain volume.

Use of chemicals

However, biological products have one important drawback: they cannot work in winter. Of course for summer cottage this will not be a problem, but if you decide to arrange a cesspool in country house, where you like to relax in winter, then in the cold season you will have the problem of wastewater treatment. In this case, it is best to use chemicals:

Chemicals are not afraid low temperatures, sudden temperature changes, and are also resistant to household products and aggressive environments. Chemicals effectively decompose different kinds waste and combat the appearance of unpleasant odors. But not all wastewater treatment chemicals are considered safe for the environment.

Note! Formaldehyde, which has remained the most popular cleaning agent over the past decades, is very toxic and harmful, and the effects of ammonium compounds are still not fully understood and should be used very carefully. Experts recommend using nitrate oxidizers for cesspools, which are the safest. In their composition, nitrate oxidizers are close to fertilizers, so they do not harm either people or plants.

Let's take the most typical situation as an example. The cesspool is new, everything goes into the ground, and there is no need to pump it out at all. But a year passes, a second, a third. And suddenly, the pit begins to fill and demands to be pumped out.And you have to pump it out. At first less often, then more and more often. What to do? How can we return to the state of the pit, when everything went into the soil and there was no need to pump it out?

There is a simple solution. After the machine does its job, you need to pour the product into the hole Doctor Robik 509.
It is designed to eliminate long-standing problems with sewerage: it liquefies thick masses and dissolves fossils. At the same time it eliminates the smell. It even cleans out the pores in the soil, allowing liquid waste to easily seep into it. Gradually normal operation sewer or drainage system will be restored. After this you can pour the composition Doctor Robik 109, which will already maintain the cesspool or sewer in an acceptable condition. For a cesspool with a volume of about 3 cubic meters, you will need 1 bottle Doctors Robic 509. And then, after about a week, 1-2 bags of 109, which will work for 30-40 days.

Waste containing detergents inevitably flows into any sewer or septic tank. As a result, soap deposits and build-ups accumulate on the pipes. They can be removed with the drug Doctor Robik 809. Usually, products based on living bacteria cannot cope with soap and powders, and even vice versa – they are “afraid” of them. But the enzymes included in composition 809 are not afraid of soap and foam. They easily clean the walls of pipes and cesspool tanks from soap deposits. All Dr. Robik products can be used together without restrictions. Therefore, to completely clean the pit from siltation and soapiness, you can Dr. Robik 509 and 809 pour at the same time. Doctor Robik's products are economical, effective and safe for the health of people, animals and plants.

Due to the fact that wastewater contains not only organic matter, but also inorganic inclusions, aerobic bacteria, located in sections of the station, cannot completely recycle everything. Then the question arises of how to clean a septic tank without pumping and what should be done for this. Microorganisms that have already served their purpose die, settling to the bottom in the form of sludge. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically remove sediment from the system. Let's consider the features of the operation of treatment facilities, as well as methods for pumping out sludge.

Not long ago as autonomous sewers simple sealed tanks of large volumes were used, from which water had to be constantly pumped out, but now everything is much simpler. Modern systems are real wastewater treatment stations, so there is no need to call sewage trucks, because the liquid is purified biologically and flows into the soil or reservoir. All that remains is to manually remove the sediment using a special pump.

The process of self-cleaning a septic tank

The operating principle of the station, which does not require pumping, is as follows. The first chamber of this device is the largest and is called the receiving chamber. This is where wastewater comes from sewer pipes from home. Here the liquid collects and settles until it reaches a certain level. Substances that are lighter than water collect at the top, and large and heavy inclusions settle to the bottom. Fats and insoluble substances that float on the surface in this chamber are hydrolyzed over time by the yeast and can further dissolve.

After a certain level of liquid in the first chamber is reached, it is poured into the next compartment, where its clarification continues with the help of aerobic organisms. This compartment is called the aeration tank. Here the wastewater is saturated with oxygen using a special compressor and actively mixed. This method of stirring is called aeration, which helps to more effectively decompose the organic components contained in the water. This is the next stage of cleaning and is the most effective.

The next section is called the bioreactor. Thanks to special lime-type backfills that can be added here, harmful phosphorus-nitrogen inclusions are eliminated from the wastewater. In the next chamber, the purified water is finally settled and can even be disinfected using chlorine-containing reagents. But such reagents are not provided in the standard configuration of a septic tank.

How to properly maintain the station

The sludge accumulated in the sections will have to be pumped out periodically (several times a year). The frequency of pumping depends on the volume of the tank and the intensity of use of the station. A sewer truck is not needed for pumping; sludge can be removed manually using a special pump. This sediment can then be dried and subsequently used as a very good fertilizer for lawns, flower beds or shrubs that do not bear fruit.

Important: Do not completely remove all sediment from the system. It is necessary to leave some of the sludge to continue the treatment steps. Approximately a fifth of the sediment should be left. This will enable the station to operate effectively in the future.

Some people prefer to completely clean out the system and purchase microorganisms for it again, but why do this if the chambers already have ready-made microflora, they should simply be left partially intact.

Methods for cleaning the station:

• If you have special sludge pipes, you can use them. Having installed such pipes, you will see that the sludge will flow out of the system by gravity if the necessary pressure is created in it;
• For those who have not purchased pipes, there is also an option - pumping out sediment using a sewer truck, which will also help in case of a heavy blockage;
• The third option for removing sludge is to manually pump out the sewer sludge using a special sludge sucker. Modern septic tanks with biological treatment are equipped automatic system distribution of solid and heavy inorganic inclusions in storage tanks, from where they can be easily removed.
• Sludge removal using special bacteria. Special microorganisms, which can be purchased at a specialized store, do an excellent job with all the contents of the chambers. But they decompose organic matter, fecal matter and fats. As a result, there is not even any sediment left.

In order for beneficial bacteria in the compartments to live for a long time and cope with their work effectively, it is necessary to purchase chlorine-free detergents for septic tanks and avoid the use of aggressive household chemicals, such as washing powders, shampoos, cleaning and detergents, bleaches. If, nevertheless, you did not keep track, and chemical substances still got into the biological treatment station, then you should populate it with new microorganisms and create for them favorable conditions. Also don't forget about the extra amount of water.

If there is a massive release of wastewater, then some organic matter will not have time to decompose, which may cause the formation of certain fatty acids that did not have enough time to convert into carbon dioxide or methane. This, in turn, will affect the fact that the process of decomposition of organic matter will be slowed down. At the same time, bubbles with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide will begin to rise to the surface. They will catch particles of silt along the way, picked up from the bottom, and together with a fatty film on the surface of the water, they will form a dense crust that can reach great thickness.

The crust formed in this case should not come out of the septic tank, otherwise it may clog the pipes. Therefore, a special tee is installed at the exit from the last chamber. The lower end of the tee is heated in water, and the upper end is brought up. Thanks to this device, the pipes will not become clogged and the crust will not float out of the septic tank.

If the tee is clogged, it can be cleaned through the pipe that is included in the structure. Therefore, periodic cleaning must be carried out. This necessary measure, which will help avoid emergency situations and will be able to maintain the station in working condition. The frequency of removing sediment from the chambers will depend on how often you use the sewer and how big the chambers are.

Sludge removers

Before the advent of deep biological treatment stations, the purification task was handled by chemicals that eliminated odor and accelerated the process of wastewater decomposition. But, even despite their high efficiency, such substances had a negative impact on the environment. Formaldehyde, which has extremely high degree toxicity. Oxidizing nitrates and sometimes ammonium were also used. But today in these hazardous substances no need.

Sludge removal products offered by modern market, can be divided into several categories:

• Biological (bacterial strains, biological products that decompose organic matter);
• Chemical (substances that contain a coagulant that promotes the sticking of small particles into large elements with further settling to the bottom).

Biological drugs have many advantages over their chemical counterparts. They are absolutely safe for the environment, as they are a product of nature. They will not destroy the tank body, which cannot be said about some types of chemicals. Just like chemicals, bacteria eliminate unpleasant odors from the system, preventing the process of rotting in water (organic matter disintegrates, but does not rot). Liquid purified with the help of microorganisms can be safely poured onto the soil (or used on your farm, for example, for irrigation). You won’t have to look for long for where to drain the water from the septic tank, since you can pour it anywhere: into a pond, onto sand, into the ground.

Approved detergents

Since aerobic microorganisms are extremely sensitive to chemicals, chlorine-containing cleaners and detergents, alkalis, preparations with phenols and aldehydes, and so on should be excluded from everyday use. Do not use laundry detergent with a special antibacterial additive, as this will simply kill the beneficial bacteria in the chambers.

It is better to purchase ecological preparations that are intended for safe washing dishes, for example, Shpyul-S. This product will do an excellent job of removing grease from your dishes, but will not harm bacteria or environment. To keep your home clean, you can use All-Clean, which has a mild formula and is also safe for septic tanks. In addition, such a substance will not only effectively cope with dirt in the house, but also will not cause allergies or irritation to the skin.

You can clean your plumbing using universal remedy San Luce Fresh, which can be used to clean toilets, sinks, bathtubs and cisterns. It can also be used to clean and add shine to chrome parts. All these products can be used at least every day, since if you get into waste water they will not harm the bacteria living there. When purchasing washing powders and detergents, read the ingredients, and if you see the presence of chlorine or alkaline compounds, it is better to choose another, more gentle product.

Today, there are even bleaches in stores that do not contain dangerous chemicals, but effectively remove stains thanks to the active oxygen it contains. This bleach will not be harmful to you or the bacteria in the septic tank. By using such preparations, you will not only maintain the functionality of your wastewater treatment plant, but also preserve the ecology of your site.

Sanitary standards for the construction of a septic tank

Before choosing a place for future sewerage, you need to familiarize yourself with the sanitary standards for a septic tank. This is a list of some documents in accordance with which construction must be carried out. The main document that should be used to guide the construction of such structures is SNiP 2.04.03-85. This normative document regulates the construction of sewers. If water will be supplied to the house from a well or borehole, then compliance with SNiP 2.04.01-85 and 2.04.04-84 will also be required.

IN sanitary standards(SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00) regulates sanitary requirements, the main task of which is to maintain the purity of water located on the surface. Since the septic tank is considered a potentially dangerous area, it is also subject to regulation by SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03.

Distance to well

You should choose a location for a treatment facility not only based on your own preferences, but also in compliance with standards. The fact is that in the event of an emergency, wastewater can end up in drinking water, if there is a well or borehole nearby. Water pollution can cause illness or even death. Even though modern treatment plants have durable, sealed casings, pipe rupture or depressurization cannot be ruled out. Therefore, you should choose the greatest possible distance to the nearest body of water.

The standards state that the choice of distance from a well or borehole to a treatment plant will primarily be influenced by the type of soil on the site. If there are filter layers that can filter wastewater in the event of force majeure, then the distance can be reduced.

Getting permission

Cesspools and septic tanks can cause harm to the environment, so they should not be built uncontrolled. Before preparing the project, be sure to contact the SES and obtain the necessary permission. Only after it is given to you and the project is approved, you can begin construction of the structure. A permit will not be issued if the construction does not comply sanitary rules And building regulations, which are valid at the time of project creation.

Distance between treatment plant and the water intake point must be at least 20 meters. Using hydrogeological studies, filter areas are searched. With their help, you can analyze the quality of the soil and its composition. If the soil allows water to pass through quickly, for example, sandy loam or sandy soil, then the septic tank from the water intake point should be at least 50 meters, and sometimes even 80 meters are required.

Also, during the construction of such systems, it is necessary to comply with the standards for the location of pipes with drinking water. The drinking water pipe should not be less than 10 meters away. This necessary condition in case the water supply becomes depressurized and wastewater can leak into drinking water. The slope of the terrain should also be taken into account. The water intake point must be located above the cesspool or.

In relation to residential buildings, the treatment structure must be located at a certain distance. First of all, the footage to the foundation of the house is taken into account (must be at least 5 meters). But you shouldn’t have storage tank too far from the house, as it will be difficult to ensure uninterrupted operation with a very long pipeline length. To avoid the cost of many inspection wells, place the system on optimal distance to the house. You should also take into account the location to the neighbors' buildings.

According to standards, a cesspool cannot be located closer than 5 meters from the road, and can only be located at a distance of 30 meters from open reservoirs. It matters what the distance to the fence is. It can be chosen arbitrarily, but no closer than 2 meters to the neighbor’s fence. Indeed, when servicing the system, for example, when pumping out sludge, unpleasant odors. If the structure is located directly under neighbor's fence, then this may cause conflicts.

When locating treatment structures, their type, soil properties, distance to water intake points, residential and outbuildings, open reservoirs and to a neighbor’s house are taken into account. You must always be prepared for the fact that if installed incorrectly or as a result of strong soil mobility, the tank may crack and human waste will fall into the ground. If there is a well nearby, it may be contaminated with fecal matter. Therefore, it is better to play it safe and locate the structure as far as possible from water intake points or reservoirs.