PVC sewer pipes. PVC sewer pipes

Every owner wants everything in his household to work, nothing to break, and to be easy to maintain and install. And sewerage is no exception. It needs to require as little attention as possible - it’s very inconvenient if it gets clogged, but it’s no less unpleasant to clean it. If you want to have a trouble-free drainage system, pay attention to plastic sewer pipes. They are gradually replacing cast iron ones, and all because they cost less, are easier to install, and have a large assortment- different diameters and lengths, almost no deposits form on their smooth walls, and even a service life of about 50 years. This whole bouquet of properties determines their popularity.

Types of plastic sewer pipes

• polyethylene (PE):
  • high pressure (HPV) - for internal sewerage distribution;
  • low pressure (LDPE) - can be laid outside, in trenches (they have greater strength);
• polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
• polypropylene (PP)

And a number of other thermoplastics and their combinations, but they are rare - people prefer to use already known materials.

The material of plastic sewer pipes is selected depending on the application. For example, polypropylene is more suitable for installing sewerage inside a house or apartment. It has a higher operating temperature range - it normally tolerates environments up to 70°C, and for a short time - up to 95°C. If there are different household appliances, discharging waste hot water into the sewer, it will not be superfluous. PVC pipes, which have lower prices, are more appropriate when laying external sewerage - here the drains are usually already mixed, so the temperatures are lower and PVC can withstand them without harm (working up to +40°C, short-term increase to 60°C).

Sewer pipes can also be smooth or corrugated. Moreover, not only siphon bends can be corrugated. There are profiled pipes for sewerage with an internal smooth wall and an external ribbed one. They have greater strength - they can better withstand compressive loads (they have increased ring rigidity) and can be buried to great depths. Available in diameters from 110 mm to 1200 mm.

Dimensions and diameters

Sewage plastic pipes, unlike water and gas pipes, are produced in the form of lengths of 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm, etc. - up to 600 cm. Maximum length- 12 meters, but some manufacturers can make longer sections upon request. When laying long routes, this is convenient - there are fewer connections, fewer possible places for problems to arise (leaks or blockages).

More important characteristics plastic pipes- diameter and wall thickness. In the markings they usually go side by side: the numbers are 160 * 4.2. What does it stand for: outside diameter pipes 160 mm, wall thickness 4.2 mm. It’s worth remembering here that manufacturers indicate the outer diameter of plastic pipes, and many calculations and planning require knowing the inner one. It is easy to calculate: subtract twice the wall thickness from the outer wall: 160 mm - 4.2 mm * 2 = 151.6 mm. Calculations and tables usually show a rounded result—in this case, 150 mm.

In general, the industry produces plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 25 mm. The maximum cross-section depends on the type of pipe (smooth or corrugated) and the material from which it is made. For example, smooth PVC sewer pipes can have a diameter of up to 630 mm, and profiled two-layer pipes can have a diameter of up to 1200 mm. But these dimensions are of no use to homeowners or apartment dwellers. In private housing construction, diameters up to 100-110 mm are mainly used, rarely up to 160 mm. Sometimes, for a large cottage with a large number of plumbing fixtures, a pipe of 200-250 mm in diameter may be needed.

How to choose a diameter for connecting plumbing fixtures

According to the rules, a calculation must be made; it is fully spelled out in SNiP 2.04.01085. This is a complex matter, a lot of data is required, so few people really think as it should. Over the years, accumulated practice has made it possible to derive the average diameters of polyethylene sewer pipes for each of the plumbing fixtures. You can safely use these developments - all calculations usually come down to these dimensions.

As you can see, plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 30-40 mm are mainly used. Only for the toilet is much needed larger size- 100-110 mm. This is due to the peculiarity of its functioning - it is necessary to take a large number of water. At the same time, there must be room for air in the pipe, otherwise it will break the water seals on other plumbing fixtures and “aromas” from the sewer will enter the room.

When installing, you need to remember a few more rules:

You also need to remember about insulating or heating the sewer outlet in a private house. The vertical section that runs from the outlet to the entrance to the trench must be well insulated. Additionally, they are often used. In the case of sewers, they are usually laid outside and then covered with thermal insulation material.

That's it, that's all. The rules are simple, but if you follow them, everything will work for a long time and without failure.

Features of installation of plastic sewer pipes

Plastic pipes for sewerage on one side end with a socket into which a sealing rubber. The segments are connected simply: a straight edge is inserted into the socket. Since the dimensions are strictly standardized, this is, in principle, sufficient for a hermetically sealed connection. In practice, the O-ring is often additionally coated with silicone plumbing sealant.

When installing sewer plastic pipes, sometimes they have to be cut. Convenient to do with hand saw with a blade for metal - small teeth cut well and leave an almost even edge. You can also use a grinder or jigsaw. In any case, before installing the cut piece, its edge must be processed sandpaper with fine grain - remove possible burrs, make it even. Some piece of waste may get caught on the protruding pieces, and as a result, a blockage may form in this place. Therefore, we carefully smooth out the cut area.

When creating a sewer network in a house or apartment, it is often necessary to make a branch. There are fittings for this - adapters from one diameter to another, tees, angles with different degrees of rotation, etc.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes are famous for their high resistance to chemically active substances, as well as their strength, which makes them indispensable in the construction and repair of external sewer systems.

Low price, light weight and ease of assembly of structures from PVC products have ensured the enormous popularity of this material.

Characteristics of PVC pipes

The operational parameters of polymer pipes depend on their technical characteristics. There are fundamental properties that are unique to this material:

• High resistance to mechanical deformation. Thanks to the three-layer manufacturing method and external corrugation, plastic pipes can be used in external sewer networks at a depth of up to eight meters.
• Smoothness of the inner surface. Solid elements included in the composition Wastewater can move freely inside the pipeline.
• Good resistance to internal pressure. PVC pipes can withstand pressures from 6 to 15 bar. The minimum and maximum values ​​are affected by the wall thickness and pipe design.
• Presence of temperature restrictions. When the ambient temperature is above 65 degrees or below 10 degrees, deformation of polymer products may occur, which, of course, is big drawback polyvinyl chloride. Some models allow a short-term increase in temperature to 90 degrees.
• The material has a maximum tensile strength of 45-55 MPa (megapascal).
• Almost half a century of service life.
• High elasticity, no accumulation of deposits on the internal walls of the pipeline, resistance to rust.
• The smooth inner surface avoids cases of pressure drop.
• PVC pipes are not afraid of microorganisms that live in sewage, as well as ultraviolet rays.
• The wall thickness of plastic pipes varies from 1.3 to 36 millimeters (such thick pipes are used for industrial purposes).

Advantages of a plastic pipeline

PVC pipes for external sewerage boast many positive qualities:

1. Affordable price. The technology for producing polyvinyl chloride is a long-established process provided with all the necessary equipment.
2. Lightness of the material. This quality makes it possible to simplify the transportation, installation, maintenance, repair and dismantling of the sewer network - most work can be done alone without any help.
3. Simplicity of installation work. To fasten most models of PVC pipes, you do not need to use welding machine– the presence of sockets with rubber seals eliminates unnecessary hassle. To cut the required length of PVC pipeline, it is enough to purchase a regular hacksaw.
4. Flame resistance. Due to its low flammability, the material can be used in buildings where flammable objects are stored.
5. No toxicity. The material does not emit harmful substances V environment.
6. Corrosion resistance.
7. The material practically does not enter into chemical bonds with alkalis, acids and petroleum products.
8. Small abrasive particles of various origins contained in wastewater are not dangerous for this material.

Disadvantages of plastic pipeline

The most a big problem The problem is that the frost resistance of PVC products leaves much to be desired. By lowering the ambient temperature below 15 degrees, you can observe freezing of polyvinyl chloride pipes. This problem forces, during the construction of external sewerage, to pay special attention to the insulation of the drainage structure.

Another problem is the difficulty of connecting plastic pipes with metal counterparts. Cuts or scratches reduce the resistance of PVC pipes to physical activity Therefore, when fastening plastic to metal, it is prohibited to use threaded connections.

And finally, do not forget about the problem of recycling polymer pipes - burning plastic products leads to the release of chlorine into the atmosphere.

Difference between uPVC pipes and PVC pipes

For PVC manufacturing it is necessary to polymerize vinyl chloride. And to obtain vinyl chloride itself, petroleum raw materials and ordinary salt. To obtain polymers with other properties, certain changes are made in the manufacture of PVC products. The exclusion of plasticizers from the composition leads to a more rigid and durable type of PVC, or, in other words, unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) - a safe plastic that is better suited than other materials for the production of drainage pipes.

• Due to the action of plasticizers ( chemical compositions liquid or solid form), the bases in contact with it acquire such characteristics as plasticity, softness, ductility, simplified processing and reduced labor costs. But even here we cannot do without negative aspects: plasticizers contain chlorine, which is released into the environment in small quantities. If you do not add a plasticizer, then you can get a strong material that does not enter into chemical reactions with water.

This material was invented in the late 80s of the last century. Nowadays, uPVC is used to make a wide variety of products that require resistance to mechanical deformation - from American football helmets to skateboards. And this is not surprising, because this modification of the polymer is the most durable compared to other types of plastic.

• Resistance to external pressure, stretching and compression is explained by the structure of uPVC molecules. Molecules of other plastics are connected by direct bonds, while the bonds of uPVC molecules after the heating process and further cooling of the primary mass acquire a cross-shaped structure. This is the secret of the special rigidity of the material compared to conventional PVC.

Experts carefully examined uPVC pipes and came to the conclusion that they can consistently last up to half a century. Because of this, external pressure and non-pressure sewers are so often constructed from this material.

• UPVC is often referred to as rigid PVC.

By appearance PVC-u pipes differ in wall thickness, length, color and the presence of sockets.

Classification of uPVC pipes according to GOST

Depending on the purpose of use, uPVC pipes can be divided into three main groups:

• pressure - systems that discharge wastewater using pumping stations;
• non-pressure - in other words, gravity pipelines;
• corrugated – suitable for installation work in hard-to-reach areas.

The thicker the walls of uPVC pipes, the greater their resistance to deformation. According to this property UPVC products can be classified as follows:

• lightweight SN2 – ring stiffness up to 2 kN/m2 (the depth of the trench for laying the pipeline should not be deeper than one meter);
• medium SN4 – ring stiffness up to 4 kN/m2 (trench depth up to six meters);
• heavy SN8 - ring stiffness up to 8 kN/m2 (up to eight meters, pipelines can be laid under areas where vehicles often move).

By size, unplasticized polyvinyl chloride pipes are divided into:

• uPVC100 ( operating pressure up to 10 MPa) and UPVC125 (working pressure up to 12.5 MPa) - an excellent solution for a pressure external drainage system;
• UPVC110 – pipes with a three-layer wall (thickness 3.2 mm), length 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 meters;
• UPVC160 – three-layer walls, wall thickness 4 mm, length 1, 2, 3 and 6 meters, suitable for the construction of gravity sewers, hardness SN2 or SN4;
• UPVC200 – three-layer pipes, wall thickness almost 5 mm;
• PVC250 – three-wall pipes with a wall thickness of 6.2 mm, equipped with sockets and rubber sealing rings;
• PVC315 – three-layer pipes, wall thickness 7.7 mm.

According to the maximum pressure pressure UPVC products can withstand, they are usually divided into the following classes:

• PN6 – max. working pressure 0.6 MPa;
• PN10 - max. working pressure 1.0 MPa;
• PN16 - max. working pressure 1.6 MPa;
• PN20 - max. working pressure 2.0 MPa.

Features of polyvinyl chloride pipes of different colors

Almost every residential or industrial facility has a sewer system. Sooner or later, a question may arise related to the renewal and replacement of polymer pipelines, and it is no secret to anyone that independent procurement of materials is not an easy matter. And here it is important to understand that color palette sewer pipes depends on their area of ​​application.

Today, manufacturers offer polymer pipes different colors. The existence of color differences is explained by the desire of manufacturers to make life easier for people by unifying their products, which simplifies the process of purchasing the necessary materials.

Let's consider the main purposes of this or that color:

• Gray and white pipes are intended for servicing internal sewer networks. The most common color. Not suitable for external sewer networks due to their technological parameters.
• The material for the production of black pipes is polyethylene. Products of this color are known for their versatility. But they have their own drawback - straight Sun rays they get very hot.
• Drainage outlets are usually constructed from green pipes.
• And finally, red sewer pipes, characterized by increased rigidity, are used for laying the external pipeline. We will dwell on products of this color in more detail.

Red PVC sewer pipes with 110 or 160 millimeters are much more resistant to temperature changes and aggressive reagents than products of other colors. The same can be said about their durability. In the manufacture of these products, polymers with an improved structure are used. The wall thickness of these pipes is almost twice as large, which is why they are so reliable.

Red pipelines are able to withstand high operating pressure, which makes them indispensable in the construction or repair of external pressure drainage systems. It is very important that the red polymer is perfect for use in winter period, where it can easily withstand any load, both internal and external (atmospheric and ground pressure). For example, PVC110 or PVC160 pipes can be safely laid in a trench several meters deep. But green or gray polymer pipes at such a depth crack and collapse relatively quickly. Low temperatures over time do not affect the strength of red pipes. On the contrary, they perfectly tolerate low or very high temperature.

Most of the communications that are laid inside buildings today are made from polymer materials. Plastic sewer pipes are characterized by high throughput, resistance to corrosion, aggressive environments and water hammer, as well as low weight, low level noise, absence of deposits and condensation. The service life of the products is at least 50 years.

Communications made of polymer materials are relatively easy to install using trenchless technology, without the use of special tools. No cement mortar is required for installation.

Types of plastic sewer pipes

• Polyvinyl chloride - used in external systems. PVC sewer pipes are resistant to sudden temperature changes and are used only for wastewater that is not hotter than 70 °C. They are highly flexible, so they can fit into hard to reach places. Strength classification: SN2 - light, SN4 - medium, SN8 - heavy. The use of PVC pipes for sewerage with aggressive chemical waste is not allowed.
• Polyethylene - used in internal and external pressure-type communications. The pipes are used in the temperature range from –40 to 40 °C and are not intended for hot wastewater.
• Polypropylene - intended for internal systems. The communications are resistant to household acids and alkalis and can withstand wastewater temperatures of up to 100 °C. Corrugated versions are used for external installation.

Installation of pipelines is carried out using fittings. They are used for turning, docking, and retraction devices. Our catalog includes models for creating communications of various lengths and configurations. The price is largely determined by the size of the products.

Sewer pipes PVC is intended for installation of sewerage, drainage and water supply systems. The popularity of plastic is due to the large amount of it positive properties. Before choosing PVC sewer pipes, it is important to familiarize yourself with their technical characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, as well as strength criteria.

Main characteristics

PVC pipes are highly resistant to various alkaline and acidic aggressive environments. It is this property that allows them to be used for sewer installation. Technical characteristics include a high melting point of 120°C, but it is not recommended to use plastic pipes in production.

In domestic conditions, experts do not advise exceeding the temperature of drained liquids above 70 degrees, so you should be careful when pouring boiling water into a sewer made of PVC pipes.

When considering strength indicators, it is worth noting that high coefficient, but at the same time, PVC is classified as a fragile material that is susceptible to mechanical damage. You should not try to bend the pipes, as they may become damaged within a year or two after use.

When using PVC pipes to install sewerage under the road, you must use a box made of brick or reinforced concrete.

The hardness of the plastic is determined by the only significant disadvantage of PVC pipes - noise during use. This may annoy household members, but noise can be avoided by soundproofing the pipes.

Benefits and Features

The great popularity of plastic pipes for installation of sewer systems is explained by the following advantages:

• long service life;
• light weight of elements;
• convenience and ease of installation of the structure;
• affordable price.

When installing sewerage from plastic pipes, there is no need to use the services of specialists, since all the processes are quite simple and do not require special knowledge. All components of the system (pipes, fasteners, transitions) are light in weight, so there will be no difficulties during transportation.

Pipe size selection

If installation work will be carried out independently, it is necessary to select correct sizes PVC pipes: diameter, length, wall thickness.

Modern manufacturers of polyvinyl chloride pipes indicate the outer diameter when marking. If it is necessary to calculate the internal diameter, proceed as follows: subtract the wall thickness from the external diameter (it is also indicated on the marking).

It is the inner diameter that plays important role when installing sewerage or drainage from equipment. For example, when arranging a drain for dishwasher enough pipes with internal diameter 25 mm; for baths, shower cabins, sinks and washbasins - 32 mm, for wiring the system throughout the house (apartment) - 50 mm. If the sewage system is organized outside the building, then preference should be given to pipes with the largest diameter.

The thickness of the walls directly depends on the diameter - the larger it is, the smaller the thickness, and, therefore, the weight will also be small. According to GOST, plastic pipes can be of different lengths - from 1 to 6 m (step - 1 m). This will allow buyers to choose required size pipes

When purchasing PVC pipes, you should pay attention to the presence of GOST, markings, and evaluation of indicators after testing. The original packaging must also be present.

Strength criterion

One more important criterion, which must be taken into account when choosing plastic pipes for organizing sewerage and wastewater disposal, is the hardness class. Thus, each type of pipe is designed to perform a certain type of work under certain conditions. To install a drainage system inside the house, you can use pipes with a lower strength rating, and only the strongest pipes are used outside.

To facilitate the process of choosing PVC pipes for the consumer, manufacturers use various dyes. The internal sewerage system is painted gray, and the external sewerage system is painted brown and orange.

When laying external sewerage, the degree of load is also taken into account, for example, for private territory class SN2 is suitable, if you have a car - SN4, if it is an industrial facility or a road - SN8.

Video

In our company you can order pipes and fittings for internal sewerage made of PVC, which have long been used as an alternative to metal counterparts. Those times when in the bathrooms of residential buildings and public buildings stood cast iron or steel pipes, are a thing of the past. Now installed everywhere plastic sewer, pipes for which are made of PVC.

Plastic sewer pipes are made from polyvinyl chloride, a material of high plasticity. The advantages of such pipes:

• ease,
• plastic,
• possibility of use for a long time service life,
• Greater affordability.

All this allows you to create a reliable and cost-effective engineering system for any facility. Due to this, PVC pipes are actively used in construction.

Application of sewer pipes and fittings

Sewage pipes made of polyvinyl chloride are used for internal wiring in residential, warehouse and industrial buildings and premises. Experts do not recommend using such pipes outdoors, since winter time they may fail.

PVC pipes are used in the construction of internal and external sewer systems. Let's look at each type of application in more detail:

Internal sewerage is a system running inside a building. It includes pipes for risers, made mainly with a diameter of 110 mm (intra-apartment), and pipes that drain water from bathtubs and sinks, with a diameter of 50 mm (intra-apartment). You can also buy sewer pipe 110 from the AQUAOPTIM company.

External sewerage – pipes laid outside buildings and passing through the ground, which is why the thickness of such pipes is greater than that of analogues for internal wiring. The material from which it is made external pipes, may have additional inclusions for greater strength.

Installation of PVC pipes does not cause difficulties. Each pipe has a socket on one side with a rubber sealing ring. During installation, one pipe end without a socket is connected to the socket of an adjacent pipe. They are then placed in the sewer pipeline.