Determinative pronouns in Russian. Pronoun

Determinative pronouns can be considered very interesting. In their form they are similar to adjectives, sometimes they are called that way - adjective pronouns. But the essence of these words still places them in the group of pronouns. Let's figure out which words are included in the category, what feature unites them, and what rules they follow.

What do attributive pronouns say?

Sometimes we need to single out from many similar objects or concepts one thing that does not have any special characteristics. In this case, it is customary to use demonstrative pronouns, and in particular, “this”. But sometimes we are faced with the opposite situation - we need to generalize certain objects or select one from them, in which the qualities of the entire group are most clearly expressed. This is where attributive pronouns come to the rescue.

They answer the questions “which”, “which”, “which” and “which” and are represented by the following words - “any” and “every”, “any” and “all”, “most”, as well as “other” and "other". The number of attributive pronouns includes the word “himself.”

How to decline attributive pronouns?

The declension rules for pronouns of this category are simple. Almost all of them change according to basic characteristics - numbers, genders, cases. For example, “all” in the singular and “all” in the plural, “all” in the masculine and “all” in the feminine, “all” in the nominative case and “all” in the genitive, “everything” in the dative, and so on.

The only exception is the word “everyone”. It cannot be declined by cases - it is transformed only by gender and number.

Groups by value

Determinative pronouns can be divided by meaning. Namely:

Words indicating a collection of objects or the complete coverage of a certain set - “all”, “all”, “all”.
Words that speak about any randomly taken object from a set of the same type are “every” and “every”.
Words that highlight an object or objects that differ in their characteristics from other mentioned objects - “other” and “different”.
Words that speak about one specific object from a set - “each”, “any”, “most”.
And finally, the word “self” - it means a certain person or object that independently produces an action.

Let's give a few examples.

All the trees were covered with green foliage.
Everyone in this room knew what was going on.
I like the other jacket.
New Year's decorations appeared on every street.
He did this work himself.

The lesson discusses attributive pronouns, their meaning, functions in speech, and features of use.

1. Pronouns included in the category

The attributive pronouns include all, everyone, himself, most, different, other, any, each, all And All.

2. Examples of using attributive pronouns

The barefoot man bowed, looked gloomily at everyone and walked out(A.I. Herzen).

Determinative pronoun in a sentence everyone. Initial form - All.

I would look from heaven to earth and rejoice at everything(A.N. Ostrovsky).

Everything All.

I'll tell you the whole truth(A.S. Griboyedov). All- attributive pronoun. Initial form - all(m.r., units, i.p.).

Anyone can see this if they go to this garden.(M.A. Bulgakov).

In this sentence the attributive pronoun is any.

Yes, I thought so myself at first(A.I. Kuprin). Definitive pronoun herself. Initial form - myself.

The boy remembered that in his pocket were the very matches that his father gave him when he left for the city.(E.L. Schwartz). Definitive pronoun the most, and the initial form is most.

I was quenched differently,/I knew other thirsts,/But such a radiant dream/I dream only once(K.D. Balmont). In these sentences we are interested in the words others, others. These are attributive pronouns.

You can’t reason with them through other means: Their natures are rude(N.A. Nekrasov). In this case we consider the word others- attributive pronoun ( another).

3. The meaning of attributive pronouns

The function of attributive pronouns is to identify an object or objects among other objects.

4. Pronouns all, All And All

Pronoun all varies by gender, number and case and has the same forms as the adjective ( all, all, all, all, all, all etc.). This pronoun, like an adjective, agrees in gender, number and case with the noun on which it depends.

Pronouns All And All look like pronoun forms all, but differ from it in that in a sentence they are not a definition, but a subject or an object, that is, they replace nouns, not adjectives. Although their forms completely coincide with some forms of the pronoun all, they are separate words; in the Russian grammar dictionary we will find all three words: all, All And All.

Let's analyze the examples. Everyone arrived on time. What is the pronoun in this sentence: All? Or pronoun form all? Pronoun in a sentence All is the subject, repeats the characteristics of a noun, which means we have the pronoun ALL.

I'm glad to see everyone. Glad to see who? Everyone. We ask a noun question, which means we have a pronoun before us again All.

All things were in their places. Here's the word All depends on the word things, defines it. Things(which?) All, this is a definition, which means we have a form of a pronoun all.

I did everything right. Did(What?) All. This is an addition. So, before us is the pronoun All.

He drank all the milk. Pronoun here All depends on the word milk. What kind of milk? All. This means that this definition behaves like an adjective - a pronoun all.

It must be remembered that the pronoun all gender and number are inconsistent features; this pronoun changes according to gender, number and cases. And for pronouns All And All gender and number are constant signs ( All- plural, and All- always units, cf. R.). They change only by case.

5. Pronouns myself And most

Let's consider the other two cognate pronouns: myself And most. Both of these pronouns change according to gender and number: most, most, most, most; himself, herself, herself, themselves. In addition, these pronouns are inflected. Moreover, the forms of indirect cases (all except the nominative) of pronouns myself And most very similar. They look the same, but differ in emphasis.

The same will happen with the feminine gender.

I.p. the very top, the sister herself

R. p. of the very top, the very sister

D. p. to the very top, to the very sister

V. p. the very top, the very, very sister

etc. the very top, the very sister

P. p. about the very top, about the very sister

Bibliography

Russian language. 6th grade / Baranov M.T. and others - M.: Education, 2008.
Babaytseva V.V., Chesnokova L.D. Russian language. Theory. 5-9 grades - M.: Bustard, 2008.
Russian language. 6th grade / Ed. MM. Razumovskaya, P.A. Lekanta. - M.: Bustard, 2010.

About defining pronouns ().
About the categories of pronouns ().
Determinative pronouns. Presentation ().

Homework

Task No. 1

Decline pronouns himself, the most in the neuter gender.

Task No. 2

Fill in the blanks with pronouns myself, most in the correct grammatical form. Indicate sentences in which the pronoun most serves to form the superlative degree of an adjective.

Working in the dacha was my grandmother's favorite thing. He received a gift from... the director. I... will dig up the beds. They had been friends since... childhood. There was a birch tree growing near the fence. Sasha can do this..., without outside help. The underwater world is perhaps... mysterious.

Task No. 3

Find the attributive pronoun in the text. Justify your choice by answering these questions. What attribute does the pronoun indicate and what question does it answer? How does it change? What word is it associated with?

All the attractiveness of the earth lies in the animal and plant world. Both worlds have been studied by us almost perfectly, but contact with them always leaves a feeling of mystery. The dark thickets of forests and the depths of the seas are mysterious and therefore beautiful. The cry of a bird is mysterious, the crack of a tree bud bursting from the warmth. The mystery solved does not kill the excitement caused by the spectacle of the earth. The more we know, the stronger the desire to know(K. Paustovsky).

Lesson No. ___Class___from_____2016.Class___from_____2016.Class___from_____2016.

Subject: " Determinative pronouns"

The purpose of the lesson: Continue studying the categories of pronouns.

Tasks:subject: repeat and systematize previously acquired knowledge about pronouns; introduce a new category of pronouns - attributive; show the distinctive features of attributive pronouns: grammatical features, syntactic role in a sentence; teach how to find attributive pronouns in the text; to form students’ spelling vigilance; meta-subject : to form the communicative and linguistic competence of students; develop students’ analytical abilities (the ability to compare, highlight, generalize); develop the ability to practically apply acquired knowledge in practice; personal : cultivate an active and conscious attitude towards learning the Russian language; cultivate a love for the Motherland and for reading books.

Lesson type: combined lesson.

During the classes

Teacher activities

Student activities

Organizational stage.

Checking the class's readiness for the lesson. Finding out the absences and the reasons. Entry in the journal and notebook of reception and transmission.

We woke up, we are healthy, and everyone is ready to work. Our head is bright, rested until the morning. The muscles have become stronger, every organ is healthier. Nerves are strong - steel, like clockwork springs. Legs and arms - everything is in motion. So the tension is relieved.

Welcome. The class attendants answer.

Checking d/z.

Checking for homework.

Works are shown.

Updating basic knowledge.

Spelling five minutes:

The bear is clumsy; the bread is smelly; the frost is crackling; lily of the valley is fresh; forest is dense; borscht is hot; the oak is mighty; the day is beautiful; prickly hedgehog

Never write in short adjectives!

A flock of geese, a swan song, a woolen skirt, a silver brooch, a tin teapot; glassy, fiery speech; calm weather; young artist; flock of pigeons.

Two are at the board, the rest are in notebooks.

Self-test.

Motivation for UD

Write on the board and determine the category of all pronouns.

Iyouloved: love still, perhaps,
In the shower my not completely extinct;
But let sheyouno longer worries;
II don't want to make you sadyou nothing.

Working with the text: underline and determine from the table the categories of all pronouns in S. Yesenin’s poem: KACHALOV'S DOG

Give me a paw for good luck, Jim.to me ,
like this didn't see the pawI from time to time.
Let'sWithyou let's bark in the moonlight
For quiet, noiseless weather.
Give me a paw for good luck, Jim.to me .

Understandwithme thoughthe most simple.
After allYou do not you know,What such life,
Do not you knowYou that life in the world is worth living.

Master is yours and nice and famous,
And him there are many guests in the house,
AND every, smiling, strives
You touch the velvet wool.

You devilishly handsome as a dog,
WITH like this sweet, trusting friend.
AND no one without asking one bit,
Like a drunk friend You you go in for a kiss.

My dear Jim, among yours guests
So much all sorts of And not all was.
But that, What the most silent and saddest of all,

She he will come, I give it you guarantee
AND without me, V her staring,
You for me lick to her gently hand
For all, what was and was not to blame.

One at the board; the rest are in the notebook.

Work in 6 groups

(by number of stanzas).

Announcement of the topic. Setting goals and objectives. Lesson plan explanation.

And today we will get acquainted with another category of pronouns, and you will find out which one if you choose the right letter to write the following words.

Design of a notebook.

Working on the topic

Allow for pranks

Velosi(p,pp)ed

Janva(ry,r)skiy

I waited n(e,i)n many days

Po(t,d)heading

Pos(e,i)depart from grief

So(l,ll)dat

N(i, e) who is not forgotten

Les(d,t)nitsa

V(e,i)teran

Ma(l,ll)yar

B(b,b) changing

Wind(n,nn)y

Uninteresting

S(e,i)bya

What word did we get? That's right, the topic of our lesson"Definitive pronouns."

Today we will build a house for attributive pronouns. We will find out what attributive pronouns are in the Russian language, find out their features, look for them in texts and introduce them into our home.
- You have a plan. Everything we learn about attributive pronouns will be written down in this plan (each student has a house plan printed on a piece of paper).

Exercise 1 : Settled into the house .

- The textbook lists all attributive pronouns on page 74. Name them. Let's write the attributive pronouns into our plan.

Task 2: And now, guys, we will play the role of real researchers. What do you think we will do? Who knows why in the wordresearcher two letters are writtenWith ? We will explore attributive pronouns. Here is a proposal (on the board):

In the youth library at each the shelf has more books than any from us to everyone home.

Guys, have you ever been to a big library? Are there any attributive pronouns in this sentence? Name them.

Highlight the endings of pronouns. The endings of which part of speech are the case endings OM similar to? How do we determine the case endings of adjectives? (for questions)

Task 3:

- Using the questions, insert the missing endings in the given OM (on the board):

Address any passerby;
I love all... fruits;
Replace in... with a word;
No friend... assignments;

We continue to build the house and put the conclusion of our research work into the plan (case endings like adjectives).

Task 4:

Let's continue our research and find out whether attributive pronouns change by case, number and gender.

Try changing your pronoun any by cases, numbers and genders, using the table:

Read what you got. Let's draw a conclusion about how OM changes and write it down in the plan of our house.

Work in a chain at the board.

Draw a table house.

Write down pronouns.

Analyze, make assumptions, answer.

Work at the board.

Fizminutka

I'm going and you're going , One two Three I sing and you sing (walk in place, point to themselves and friends with their hands) One two Three (clapping your hands below, at chest level, above your head). We walk and we sing (walk in place, point to themselves and friends with their hands) One two Three (clapping your hands below, at chest level, above your head). We live very friendly (palm in fist, thumb up) - One two Three (clapping your hands below, at chest level, above your head).

Group physical education, children repeat everything that is said in the poem.

Continuing work on the topic

Task 5

Now we will play the role of restorers. Who are restorers? Do you want to know? (Vocabulary word -restorer ).

But we will be unusual restorers, we will restore the text. Instead of blanks, you need to insert attributive pronouns that live in our house.

The number of book lovers is constantly growing. For (…………) of them, meeting an interesting work is equivalent to meeting a kind person.

(…………) A book lover cannot do without a public library. Here he will learn about new products, hear advice from experts, (…………) choose a book that he liked.

Read the text you got.

And here is the text in its original form

The number of book lovers is constantly growing. For each of them, meeting an interesting work is equivalent to meeting a kind person.

Any book lover cannot do without a public library. Here he will learn about new books, hear advice from experts, and choose the book he liked.

How would you title this text?

- Look at the floor plan of our house. What else do we need to know about attributive pronouns? (Syntactic role.)

Let's find out which parts of the sentence are the attributive pronouns in this text. - Let's write the output into a table .

Task 6 : Creative work .

The roof will be our laboratory. Here we will get creative and use attributive pronouns to help. They can often be found in phraseological units. Remember and write down at least a couple of phraseological units.

Here, for example, is the attributive pronoun myself appears in the following expressions: not himself, his own master, on his own, on his own with a mustache, of course.

They analyze and draw conclusions.

The text is restored.

Consolidation

Test

1. Which of the pronouns is not definitive? A. any; K. another; Z. no one; D. different. 2. Find the mistake in the spelling of the pronoun: R. any; U. to another; I. vsyakova; M. about everyone. 3. Determinative pronouns change according to cases and numbers; M. by gender, number and case ; V. only by childbirth; E. by numbers and genders. 4. In a sentence, the attributive pronoun can be K. only subject or predicate; B. any member of the sentence; A. subject, definition, object; P. only by definition;

What time of year did you get? Let's say goodbye to winter!

Oral work. The answers are written down in a notebook.

Reflection, grading.

What was the main goal of today's lesson?

Did we manage to achieve our educational objectives?

What type of activity did you find most interesting?

Analyze, generalize, draw conclusions, answer.

D/z., assessment

§64, exercise 458, work with the table.

Diary entry.

I study my own lessons ALL day long, I can handle ANY question. But EVERY time they call me to the board, I’m all in anguish. I am THE smartest, but I am shy; ANOTHER is bolder than me, to envy. ANOTHER teacher doesn’t even know that he “tortures” me EVERY time!

Write down all the pronouns.

1. Which of the pronouns is not

1. Which of the pronouns is not definitive? A. any; K. another; Z. no one; D. different. 2. Find the mistake in the spelling of the pronoun: R. any; U. to another; I. vsyakova; M. about everyone. 3. Determinative pronouns change according to cases and numbers; M. by gender, numbers and cases; V. only by childbirth; E. by numbers and genders. 4. In a sentence, the attributive pronoun can be K. only subject or predicate; B. any member of the sentence; A. subject, definition, object; P. only by definition;

KACHALOV'S DOG

Give me your paw, Jim, for luck,
I have never seen such a paw.
Let's bark in the moonlight
For quiet, noiseless weather.
Give me your paw, Jim, for luck.

Please, darling, don't lick him.
Understand with me at least the simplest thing.
After all, you don't know what life is,
You don’t know that life in the world is worth living.

Your master is both nice and famous,
And he has a lot of guests in his house,
And everyone, smiling, strives
I can touch your velvet wool.

You are devilishly beautiful like a dog,
With such a sweet, trusting friend.
And without asking anyone a bit,
Like a drunk friend, you go in for a kiss.

My dear Jim, among your guests
There were so many different and different ones.
But the one who is the most silent and saddest of all,
Did you happen to come here by any chance?

She will come, I give you my guarantee.
And without me, in her staring gaze,
For me, lick her hand gently
For everything I was and wasn’t guilty of.

Determinative pronouns in Russian- this is a category of pronouns by meaning, including a group of words that indicate a generalized attribute of an object. Determinative pronouns are adjective pronouns and answer questions Which? Which? Which? Which?

Examples of attributive pronouns: himself, most, all, every, any, each, other, other, as well as outdated all kinds, all kinds.

Lexical features of attributive pronouns

For attributive pronouns, in addition to the meaning of a generalized attribute for all words, certain meanings are also distinguished for each individual word.

Pronoun	Meaning	Examples
myself	indicates the person who performs the action	He will do it himself.
all	indicates a collection of objects, persons or complete coverage of something	We helped our neighbor all year.
everyone, everyone	point to any object from a variety of similar types	Everyone knows this rule.
most, every, any	indicate the selection of one object (person) from many similar ones	Every day I buy the freshest bread.
different, different	indicate an object (person) that is different in its characteristics from another object (person) mentioned in speech	Give me not this book, but another one.

Determinative pronouns. They are used to indicate a sign of the object of speech. These include: all, every, all, himself, most, every, any, other, different, every, everywhere, everywhere, always.

Determinative pronouns are declined according to cases and change according to gender and number.

Everyone who stops learning grows old, whether at 20 or 80, and anyone else who continues to study remains young. The most important thing in life is to keep your brain young. (G. Ford)
One good friend is worth more than all the blessings in this world. (Voltaire)
Even the most frank thought, the purest and clearly conveyed fantasy, be it truth or fiction, cannot evoke sincere sympathy. (L.N. Tolstoy)
We don't need magic to change this world - within us we already have everything we need for this: we can mentally imagine the best... (J. K. Rowling)

The syntactic role of attributive pronouns

In sentences, attributive pronouns usually play the syntactic role of an agreed definition, less often of other members of the sentence.

Examples: I like another writer ( definition). All were ready to help ( subject). This girl was herself (part of a compound nominal predicate).

Pronoun - this is an independent part of speech that indicates an object, sign, quantity, but does not name them.

Depending on the expressed meaning and grammatical features, nine categories of pronouns are distinguished: personal, reflexive, possessive, interrogative, relative, indefinite, negative, demonstrative, attributive.

The initial form for most pronouns is the nominative singular form.

All pronouns change by case (me, by me, (about) me), some - by birth (such, such) and numbers (this, these).

Syntax function pronouns depends on what part of speech the word corresponds to. Pronouns, indicating an object, are correlative with nouns and perform the functions of nouns in a sentence (me, you, he, who, what etc.), and pronouns, indicating a characteristic, are correlative with adjectives and perform the functions of adjectives in a sentence (my, yours, whose, which, such etc.), for example:

You - All!

You- sky and water... (D. Merezhkovsky)

What do they smell? They, then they take into themselves,

They have space within themselves. (I. Kanevsky)

In my dreams there are your minutes:

Your Memphis eyes. (V. Bryusov)

Lexico-semantic categories of pronouns

Taking into account lexical-semantic The following features stand out: pronoun ranks:

	Pronoun rank	Examples
		I, you, he (she, it), we, you, they.
	Returnable
	Possessives	Mine, yours, mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs.
	Relative	Who, what, which, which, which, whose, how many.
	Undefined	Someone, something, some, some, several, someone, something, some, whose, some, some, some, some, some, anyone, anything, any, someone's, any, anyone, anything, any, anyone's.
	Negative	Nobody, nothing, none, no one, no one, nothing.
	Interrogative	Who, what, which, what, which (obsolete), which, whose, how many.
	Index fingers	That, this, such, such, so much, this (obsolete), this (obsolete), this (obsolete), this (obsolete).
	Definitive	Himself, most, all, every, every, other, any, other, everyone, every kind.

In some textbooks, interrogative and relative pronouns are considered in one group of interrogative-relative pronouns.

Pronouns can also include words both, both, since they to a greater extent express not the quantitative meaning of “two” or “two”, “two”, but the pronominal-indicative “both”, “both”. Wed. Both received an award.- Both of them received an award. Both girls were injured during the accident.- Both were injured during the accident.

Personal pronouns

group personal pronouns make up the words: I, you, he (she, it), we, you, they.

The 1st and 2nd person singular and plural pronouns indicate the persons participating in the dialogue - the speaker and the interlocutor: I, you, we, you.

The 3rd person singular and plural pronouns indicate one or those who are not participating in the dialogue, or the subject that is being spoken about, has been said or will be spoken about in the future: he, she, it, they.

Grammatical features personal pronouns: 1) have facial shapes; 2) have number forms; 3) 3rd person singular pronouns have gender forms; 4) forms of oblique cases are formed from different stems, that is, in a suppletive way (i - me, me; You- you, you; He- him, him; she- her, her; They- them, them etc.).

Personal pronouns 3rd person, if used with prepositions, can have a form starting with and: with him, to him, behind him, with them, with him. Without initial n these pronouns are not used with some derived prepositions: thanks to him, her, them; in spite of him, her, them.

Personal pronouns his, her, theirs should be distinguished from homonymous possessive pronouns his, her, theirs. In sentences personal pronouns most often refer to verbs and act as objects, for example: The watchman saw him immediately. You can't help but love her. They have a lot of work to do. Possessive pronouns his, her, theirs, As a rule, they relate to nouns and act as definitions, for example: Her eyes shone with happiness. His brother has many friends. This is a gift for their daughter. Possessive pronouns, when used with prepositions, do not have an initial sentence. Compare: for him- for his friend; for her- for her friend; for them- for their friends.

2nd person plural pronoun You can be used when addressing one person as a polite form. In this case, the pronoun is most often written with a capital letter, for example: I cordially congratulate you on this holiday. I wish you all the best.

Reflexive pronoun "oneself"

Group reflexive pronouns represented by the word myself. There are no other words in this group.

Grammatical meaning reflexive pronoun myself - an indication of the person in question.

Grammatical features reflexive pronoun: 1) does not have a nominative case form; 2) has no form of person, number, gender.

Reflexive pronoun myself has no initial form, it changes only in indirect cases. Can refer to any of the personal pronouns of all three persons: He bought himself a book. She bought herself a book. They bought themselves books.

In a sentence reflexive pronoun myself performs the function of addition: I would really like to pamper myself and give myself a small gift.

Reflexive pronoun myself in the form of the dative case should be distinguished from a pronoun, close in meaning to the particle. Wed: He found something to do.- He goes on his own and doesn’t think about anything. Help yourself.- The performance was not very good, so-so. In this case the word myself is not highlighted as an independent member of the sentence, but is emphasized together with the word to which it refers.

Possessive pronouns

group possessive pronouns make up the words: mine, yours, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs, yours.

Grammatical meaning possessive pronouns- this is an indication that the object belongs to the person in question (this person can be the speaker, interlocutor or some third party).

Grammatical features possessive pronouns: 1) have singular and plural forms; 2) have genus forms; 3) change by case according to the type of adjectives (except for pronouns his, her, theirs).

Pronouns his, her, theirs by origin they are the genitive case form of personal pronouns he she, They; have gender and number, but do not change by case, although they can be combined with a noun in any case, for example: He saw her father. He met her father. He was proud of her father. He started talking about her father.

Interrogative and relative pronouns

group interrogative pronouns make up the words: who, what, which, which, which, whose, how many.

Interrogative pronouns express a question about an object, attribute or quantity in interrogative sentences.

The same pronouns used to connect simple sentences as part of a complex sentence form a group relative pronouns . Wed: Who have you come? (interrogative) - I don’t know Who came (relative).

Grammatical features interrogative and relative pronouns: 1) pronouns who, what, how much have no form of gender and number, change according to cases; 2) pronouns which, which, whose change according to cases, numbers and genders, decline according to the type of adjectives, for example: whose\ \, h- j- eGo, whose-j-him, whose-j-Andm, (o) h-j-eat.

Indefinite pronouns

group indefinite pronouns make up the words: someone, something, some, some, someone, something, some, someone's, some who, something, some, anyone, anything, some, whose- anyone, anyone, anything, any, someone's, several and under.

Grammatical meaning indefinite pronouns- an indication of an indefinite object, sign, quantity.

Indefinite pronouns formed from interrogatives using prefixes Not- And some and suffixes -this, -either, -something.

Grammatical features indefinite pronouns the same as for the interrogative pronouns from which they are formed. The only difference is the pronouns someone And something, which do not change.

Negative pronouns

group negative pronouns make up the words: no one, nothing, no, no one's, not at all, no one, nothing.

Grammatical meaning negative pronouns: 1) denial of the presence of any object, sign, quantity; 2) strengthening the negative meaning of the entire sentence.

Negative pronouns formed from interrogatives by adding prefix particles Not And neither and have the same features as interrogative pronouns.

Grammatical features negative pronouns the same as for the interrogative pronouns from which they are formed.

Pronouns no one And nothing They do not have a nominative case form and are used only in impersonal sentences: You have no one to blame for what happened. He had nothing to do.

Pronouns nobody, nothing, none, no one's usually used in a sentence with a verb with negation: no one believed it, nothing predicted etc.

From pronoun nothing The accusative case form is formed only with a preposition: no matter what.

Demonstrative pronouns

group demonstrative pronouns make up the words: that, this, such, such, so much, this (obsolete), this (obsolete), this (obsolete), this (obsolete).

Grammatical meaning demonstrative pronouns- highlighting any object, feature, quantity among others.

In complex sentences they can act as demonstrative words.

Grammatical features demonstrative pronouns: 1) have singular and plural forms (except for the pronoun so many); 2) have gender forms (except for the pronoun so many); 3) change according to cases according to the type of full and short names of adjectives, according to the type of numeral names (pronoun so many).

Some linguists classify demonstrative pronouns words both And both in the meaning of “both”, “both”: Both students successfully passed their exams.- Both of them successfully passed the exams. Both girls received gifts.- Both received gifts.

Determinative pronouns

group attributive pronouns make up the words: himself, most, all, every, every, other, any, other, every, every.

Grammatical meaning attributive pronouns- identification of an object among other objects.

Grammatical features attributive pronouns: 1) have singular and plural forms (all, everything); 2) have genus forms (all, all, everything); 3) change by case (all, everything, everything etc.).

Pronouns myself And most in declension they differ only in the form of the nominative case and the stress: (that) very house, the house itself- (of) the very house, the very house.

Using a pronoun most a complex form of the superlative degree of qualitative adjectives is formed: Beautiful- the most beautiful, kind- the kindest, freshest- the freshest.

Pronoun myself can have two meanings: 1) the meaning of an intensifying word with a noun or personal pronoun: It was the headmaster himself; 2) meaning “independently, without outside help”: He solved the problem himself.

Declension of pronouns

IN pronoun declension individual discharges there is a wide variety of types and forms, as well as cases of formation of forms from different bases.

1. Declension of personal pronouns I, you; we you; he (it, she), they.

The oblique case forms of personal pronouns have a different basis than the nominative case form.

1st person pronouns	2nd person pronouns	3rd person pronouns
		He (it), she, they
Me, you		His, her, theirs
Me, you		Him, her, them
Me, you		His, her, theirs
By me, by you (-YU)	By us, by you	To them, to her, by them
(About) me, (about) you	(About) us, (about) you	(ABOUT) him, (about) her, (about) them

Pronouns I, you can denote a person of either male or female gender. Wed: I'm almost happy.- I'm almost happy. You got angry.- You got angry.

Pronouns he, it, she, they, when used with prepositions, they can receive an initial n (from him, to her, with them, with him, But: thanks to him, towards her, in spite of them).

2. Reflexive pronoun myself does not have a nominative case form; it changes only in indirect cases according to the model of the pronoun You:

	Reflexive pronoun




	By yourself

3. Possessive pronouns my, yours, ours, yours, yours, index fingers that, this, such, interrogative and relative which, which, whose, definitive most, himself, all, every, different have generic and plural forms and are inflected according to separate adjective declension patterns.

	Feminine pronouns
Mine, this one; mine, this
Mine, this	Mine, this one	Mine, these
to mine, to this	Mine, this one	Mine, this
Mine, this one; mine, this is mine, this		Mine, these Mine, these
Mine, this	My (s), this (s)	Mine, these
(0) mine, (about) this	(0) mine, (about) this	(0) mine, (about) these

It is necessary to distinguish between the declension of pronouns most And myself.

Masculine and neuter pronouns	Feminine pronouns	Plural pronouns
The most (most), myself (self)	Most, herself	The most, themselves
	The most, the most	The very, themselves
	The most, the most	By yourself
The most (the most), the most (the samb) The most, the most	The very, the very	The most, the most, the most
By yourself	The most (s), the most (s)	By ourselves, by ourselves
(0) very, (about) very	(0) most, (about) most	(0) the most, (about) themselves

Pronoun all (all, all, everything) has special forms in the instrumental case of the singular masculine and neuter and in all forms of the plural:

Masculine and neuter pronouns	Feminine pronouns	Plural pronouns
All (everything)


All (everything) Total

(About everything	(About) everything	(About) everyone

4. Interrogative and relative pronouns Who And What and negative pronouns nobody, nothing formed by declination of forms from other stems:

	Who, what, no one, nothing
	Who, what, no one, nothing
	To whom, what, no one, nothing
	Who, what, no one
	Who, what, no one, nothing
	(0) whom, (about) what, about no one, about nothing

5. Negative pronouns no one, nothing They do not have nominative case forms, but in oblique cases they are declined according to the given pattern:


	No one, nothing
	No one, nothing

	No one, nothing
	Not about anyone, not about anything

6. Indefinite pronouns someone (anyone, anyone), something (anything, anything), some (someone, some), someone's (someone's, anyone's) ) and others are declined according to the pattern of the corresponding interrogative pronouns.

7. Indefinite pronoun some in some cases it has variant forms.

Masculine and neuter pronouns	Feminine pronouns	Plural pronouns
Some (some)
	Some and some	Some and some
	Some and some	Some and some
Some (some) and some		Some Some and some
Some and some	Somebody	Some and some
(Oh) someone	(About) some and (about) some	(About) some and (about) some

8. Pronouns such as, someone, something don't bow down.

Morphological analysis of pronouns includes the identification of two constant features (category in meaning and declension features) and three non-constant ones (gender, case and number). For personal pronouns, the person is also indicated as a constant attribute. Carrying out morphological analysis of pronouns, you should remember its specificity as a part of speech: pronoun indicates into objects, characteristics and quantities, but does not name them. This is important when formulating the general meaning of a pronoun. You should also pay attention to the fact that only changes in cases are characteristic of all categories of pronouns (this is a general non-constant feature).

Scheme of morphological analysis of pronouns. I. Part of speech. II.Morphological characteristics. 1. Initial form. 2. Permanent signs: 1) rank by value; 2) features of declination. 3. Variable signs: III. Syntactic function. The officer became embarrassed and, looking around, on tiptoe, with a red face and a beating heart, walked into his room. (A. Kuprin)	A sample of morphological analysis of a pronoun. I. My- a pronoun, as it indicates the ownership of an object. II. Morphological characteristics. 1. The initial form is your own room, your own. 2. Permanent signs: 1) possessive, correlated in meaning with an adjective; 2) is declined as an adjective like “foxy”. 3. Variable signs: 1) accusative case; 2) feminine; 3) singular. III. The pronoun “your” is consistent With The noun “room” therefore functions as an agreed definition in a sentence.