Prefabricated and monolithic reinforced concrete garages. Monolithic garage with your own hands Monolithic concrete garage

We offer three types of Concrete garages with a width of 3200mm, 3420mm and 3900mm, length 6000mm. height 2600mm.

Reinforced concrete garage1

Reinforced concrete garage2

Reinforced concrete garage3

Surely many motorists have had to deal with the problem of arranging their parking lot. vehicle. Many people prefer to use paid guarded parking lots, however, there are also some car owners who... various reasons want to have their own garage. In addition to its direct functions, a garage is also attractive because it can store various equipment and accessories for the car, carry out minor repairs, which is very difficult in a parking lot or garage complex. One of the most popular today are reinforced concrete garages.

From a technical point of view, iron concrete garage is a structure made in the form of a monolithic box. Since reinforced concrete structures are quite heavy in weight, it is quite natural that prefabricated reinforced concrete garages are especially popular, the delivery of material for which in parts is most economically beneficial for the buyer. Often, for a buyer who has studied the market, it becomes quite obvious that buying a reinforced concrete garage is much more profitable both economically and in terms of labor costs compared to building a garage from other materials. This design has many advantages: quick construction, convenient transportation to the assembly site, no welding work, the ability to quickly dismantle and transport to a new location.

Of course, an important factor is that the building materials market offers a fairly wide range; any buyer can choose almost any reinforced concrete garage, the price of which suits him. Moreover, the market makes it possible to choose any size, shape of garages and offer relatively low prices compared to building a garage from other building materials.

A permanent garage should be comfortable, durable, safe and easily finished with building materials. In addition to everything, you need to spend a minimum amount on its construction and do everything really quickly. Now we will look at how to build cheap garage with your own hands, using only standard reinforced concrete blocks and available materials.

Choosing a garage design

Today, the consumer is offered as many as 3 construction options: self-filling reinforced concrete with formwork, the purchase of individual blocks with all the necessary “accessories” (prefabricated garage from factory reinforced concrete blocks) and a completely finished reinforced concrete structure, which is delivered and installed on a poured foundation.

Making such a room entirely with your own hands will be difficult and expensive, so we immediately discard this option. It should also be taken into account that it will be difficult for one person to complete the work and it is necessary to rely on the wages of 1-2 auxiliary workers. It will be much cheaper to buy a fully finished concrete garage at the factory, but there is one obstacle: most manufacturers overprice assembled turnkey products and you can overpay up to 40-55%.

Therefore, we will consider a prefabricated garage from iron concrete slabs. A set of materials will cost approximately 35,000 rubles (from 25 to 60 thousand rubles, depending on the configuration and manufacturer), and it can be easily assembled in just a few days. The only thing you will need to take care of before assembling a new “home” for the car is a high-quality foundation for the garage. You can make the gate yourself or order it directly as a kit if its cost fits into your budget. So, let's begin!

Construction of a foundation for a garage

Many people advise collapsible structures bury blocks in the ground, make columnar formations and piles. Of course, all this makes sense and you can save a little so as not to pour a lot of concrete. But the easiest way is to do strip foundation under a reinforced concrete garage. It will have a height of approximately 70 centimeters and a width of 25 cm. “This is expensive!” - you say. In fact, you can save a lot. Now we’ll look at how to make a budget foundation for a garage with your own hands.

STEP 1: preparation of materials. First you need to find cheap coarse sand, cement grades M100 - M300 and second-grade crushed stone. Expensive Construction Materials we will not need them, since the main task is to make a weighty base, and not a mixture of enormous strength.

STEP 2: filling the hole with construction waste. Monolithic garage can be placed on a foundation, 50% of which will be occupied by stones, screenings, cobblestones, and construction waste. Fill 30-35 centimeters of the hole with any objects whose density is close to brick. As a rule, this construction garbage remains after the construction of any capital structure and will be enough for your design.

STEP 3: pouring the foundation for a concrete garage. First, pour in a liquid solution so that it binds all the “macrocomponents” of your foundation, then a thick mixture when the liquid comes flush with the embankment.

STEP 4: level the surface. A very important stage, since a collapsible garage must be installed on a perfectly flat surface, and grinding hardened concrete is very difficult. Use a level and putty knife to level.

If it's necessary inspection hole, then you can fill it in using the lathing. This will be much more convenient than working inside the garage. But you can do it later to prevent debris and sediment from getting in.

The consistency of concrete in the mixture can be much less than during construction load-bearing structures and foundations for heavy structures. It will be enough mix 1:3 with sand if the cement is M-200 or even 1:4 when using M300 - M400. You cannot save only on quantity - the mass of the base must be close to factory standards, voids are not allowed (the structure may sag).

Construction of garage walls from reinforced concrete products

Installing walls is very simple, since all ready-made elements are supplied by the manufacturer and all you need is to fasten them with anchors and special bolted connections provided by the factory. Construction of a garage takes no more than 2-3 hours, the only difficulty is the large weight of the blocks. You will have to hire a machine with a manipulator or install a tripod with a winch.

Walls must be installed clearly level so that connecting elements fell into the grooves. After preliminary tightening the slabs with bolts, check the evenness with a level. All connections must be sealed firmly cement mortar(mainly 1:2 cement M500 with sand). Afterwards everything can be insulated and plastered for better thermal insulation.

Reinforced concrete garage roof

Factory kits include a lightweight hollow slab from which the floor is made. Appearance Such a structure will leave much to be desired, so you will have to modernize it a little to make the garage look modern. You can give preference to more expensive materials (flexible tiles, euroroofing felt, etc.), but it would be better to save money and make a prefabricated reinforced concrete garage with a roof made of regular roofing felt or colored slate. Let's take a closer look at how best to do this.

STEP 1: make a slope of at least 5%. You will have a perfectly level garage, but you need to make a slight slope so that the water does not linger. Before installing the slab, you need to lay 2 rows along one side of the garage sand-lime brick(or make them immediately under the stove before installation). This would be approximately a 7% drop for a 3 meter wide garage. Let the cement harden for 15 days.

STEP 2: laying a reinforced concrete slab. Using a lifting mechanism (manipulator, winch, beam crane, etc.), carefully lower the slab onto the “box”, having previously laid 2-3 centimeters cement mixture along the perimeter.

STEP 3: wash the concrete slab, dry it dry from moisture, remove all irregularities, if any. Some slabs have special standard places for gripping with a cable; they need to be sealed with cement mortar so that the entire surface is smooth and uniform.

STEP 4: We take special glue for roofing felt (or prepare resin), apply it to the slab, and lay the roofing felt. Overlaps can be made of 5-6 centimeters so that the water drains safely and does not increase the dampness of the roof and walls of the concrete garage.

If you want to make a slate roof, then you can skip step 3 and go straight to fastening wooden joists on concrete roof. Every 45 centimeters across the slab, lay a 40 by 40 centimeter beam and screw it to the slab every 30 cm using a hammer drill (punch through the wood and the slab at once in one fell swoop). Nail the slate in the usual way using nails.

The concrete floor of the garage will not allow water to pass through even without a roof, but increased dampness in the room will not go away. If you need a dry room, it would be better not just to cover it with roofing felt, but also to insulate the walls and roof (especially for a heated garage).

Do-it-yourself garage doors and how to install them b

The factory design is quite simple and consists of 2 reinforced gate leaves, which simply need to be raised and lowered on their hinges. Of course, the set will also include the frame itself. It must be installed in the opening and at least 2 mortgages must be made on each side. Be sure to check that the door frame fits inside, otherwise the gate can be removed from its hinges.

When purchasing a garage made of slabs, you overpay a lot for metal gates, so it’s easier to make such a design yourself. There is nothing complicated here. Let's take a closer look at this wonderful process.

STEP 1: measure the opening and take 2 metal sheets 3 mm thick (can be purchased on any base) and required sizes. Their height and total length should be 1.5-2 cm less than the opening parameters so that they can easily fit inside. We retreat 4-5 centimeters from each edge of the sheet and weld a metal square profile 30x30 mm. We reinforce the canvas with diagonal ribs and weld everything to the sheet.

STEP 2: We make calculations and weld the hinges. Using a tape measure, we measure the distance between the hinges on the gate frame and attach the counter elements to our canvas. To reinforce the loop, a metal strip 4-5 cm wide, 20 cm long and 4 mm thick is suitable.

STEP 3: We hang our gates on hinges and make additional pins to protect against burglary. Take M8 bolts 2 cm long and weld their heads to inside door frames, then use a drill to make holes in the gate frame. When closing the doors, the bolts must fit into the holes. You can also use protective plates (see photo). Backlash is allowed, so the accuracy of work may not be high.

By creating a garage with your own hands, you can take care of additional system security against hacking. These can be internal latches, bottom and top pins, or even a regular metal chain. The main thing is to create a strong connection between the doors and the main frame, then removing the doors or knocking them out will be extremely difficult. You can view the reinforced concrete garage that should result from the work performed here:

A garage is a necessity for any car owner, both protection and security. In the article we will talk about how to choose a concrete garage, build it yourself, consider the types, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of concrete garages.

Types of concrete garages, their pros and cons

A garage made of concrete or reinforced concrete slabs is the most reliable place to store and maintain a car. The building can be erected with your own hands, it will not take much time, and besides, it is a relatively inexpensive construction.

The buildings are divided into:

• Prefabricated reinforced concrete buildings , which are built from blocks or wall panels and floor slabs. Can be purchased ready-made kits garage slabs, they are distinguished by lighter, but no less reliable designs.

Such buildings are erected for a short time, if necessary, they are quickly disassembled and transported to a new location. Nowadays, many companies offer to purchase a concrete garage with installation by the company’s specialists; in this case, installation is carried out within a few hours.

Today, manufacturers offer factory-cast ones into a single design. Such a garage is delivered to the installation site and firmly mounted on the foundation.

But the size of monolithic garages is limited by transportation; moreover, dismantling it is impossible and transportation is difficult, but such a structure is installed quickly - in a couple of hours you have a full-fledged, reliable garage, almost ready for use.

• Monolithic reinforced concrete buildings erected from concrete poured into reinforced formwork. The work is carried out using a small concrete mixer: for the construction of a standard garage, a machine with a capacity of 0.5–1 m3 will be sufficient.

A monolithic concrete garage is quite reliable; it can be built of any size, shape and configuration. For reasons of economy, instead of ASG, you can use slag or foam concrete, the price of which is lower, and besides, such walls will retain heat better.

Advantages of a concrete garage

So:

• Reliability. The walls of the garage will protect the car from atmospheric influences and foreign penetration.
• Durability. The garage will last for decades, as it is built once and almost forever.
• Environmental friendliness. All materials used do not contain substances hazardous to human life and health.
• Frost resistance. Concrete is not subject to destruction from exposure to low temperatures.
• Fire resistance. The material is not afraid high temperature and keeps his operational properties even in contact with open flame.

Disadvantages of a concrete garage

A properly built garage has virtually no drawbacks, except that it requires insulation and heating of the room (see). Temperature in winter period the garage will be only a few degrees higher than outside, so for a comfortable stay in it it is necessary to install heating.

A garage made of foam concrete will require protecting the walls from moisture penetration, you will have to do external finishing buildings (see). Prefabricated garage from concrete panels limited in size, construction requires the use of equipment, and if the elements are connected by welding, then specialists.

Stages of the garage construction process

Let's start with the fact that any work begins with a project that indicates the dimensions of the building, necessary materials and their number, the location of the building on the ground, that is, all the necessary parameters.

You can make a concrete garage project yourself or order it from a specialized organization. Competent craftsmen will analyze the soil, determine the depth of freezing and groundwater, which is important in the case of constructing a basement or workshop under a garage. Installation of concrete garages is carried out on a leveled base, free from fertile soil, garbage, covered with a layer of sand or small gravel and carefully compacted.

Foundation

Shallow strip foundation for a garage

So:

• A monolithic or prefabricated garage without a basement is placed at a height of 40–60 cm and a width of 25–30 cm.
• Reinforcement is carried out with reinforcement with a diameter of 12–14 mm.
• The tape should protrude above the ground by at least 10 cm.
• The surface of the foundation is waterproofed with a layer of roofing material or other rolled material to cut off moisture from the walls.

Walling

A monolithic, reinforced garage is built using formwork; it is placed on a foundation with a distance between elements equal to the thickness of the walls.

If there is no factory formwork, then you can use various available materials:

• Plywood.
• Boards.
• Metal sheets.

The formwork is secured with bolts or studs for easy disassembly and subsequent assembly of the structure. The walls are reinforced with a spatial frame or individual rods. Particular attention is paid to the corners of the building.

Concrete is poured in layers (each layer no more than 50 cm thick), carefully vibrated to release excess air. Otherwise, voids and cavities may form in the walls, which will weaken the building and deprive the surface of its aesthetics.

As the concrete hardens, a row of formwork is removed and fixed higher, arranging the next row. Last layer level, measure the horizontal level for correct installation floor panels. After removing the formwork, the seams between the layers should be freed from concrete leaks, leveled and plastered.

The prefabricated concrete garage is assembled like a designer on a prepared foundation using a truck crane. The elements are connected by brackets, bolts or welding. Included in the package detailed instructions according to the assembly, which must be carefully checked and the slabs installed in the specified order.

The seams between the panels and connecting elements are embossed with cement mortar.

Roof

Let's talk about some of the nuances that need to be paid to Special attention when installing the roof.

Gable garage roof covered with corrugated sheets

So:

• A monolithic garage is covered with reinforced concrete slabs, and the material of the walls and the area of ​​the garage must be taken into account.
• If the walls are made of concrete, then solid covering panels can be laid.
• For weaker walls, hollow slabs are used. For example, a 6 by 6 garage made of foam concrete simply cannot withstand the weight monolithic slab, the wall material under pressure will gradually begin to weaken, and there may be a risk of roof collapse.
• The panels are mounted on cement mortar.
• The slabs are laid with a slope of at least 3% to allow water to drain.
• The gaps between the roof panels and the locations of the mounting loops are sealed with mortar or filled with foam (the excess of which is cut off after setting); the surface of the slabs, if necessary, is leveled with a screed.
• Before the beginning roofing works the roof is dried and dusted.
• The panels are covered with rolled material: roofing felt, TechnoNIKOL, etc. The work is carried out in accordance with the instructions for laying fused roofing coverings.
• Alternatively, the roof can be covered with ondulin, soft tiles(see), corrugated sheets and other roofing materials.

Garage floor

Both in a monolithic garage and in a prefabricated one (if the floor slab is not included in the package), the floor covering is poured using the following technology.

• The base is leveled and compacted well
• A layer of sand or fine gravel 10 cm thick is laid and also compacted tightly.
• Waterproofing is laid, the role of which will be perfectly performed by two layers of film, roofing felt, TechnoNIKOL and others rolled materials. The edges of the material extend 15 cm onto the wall.
• If a concrete garage is equipped with heating in the future, then it would be rational to insulate the floor so that the heat is not wasted and your feet do not get cold. Insulation is placed over the waterproofing - polystyrene foam, mineral wool And so on.
• To strengthen the coating and protect it from destruction and cracking, a reinforcing mesh of reinforcement with a diameter of at least 14 mm and a pitch of 10–15 cm is installed.

Important! The mesh reinforcement must be protected by concrete on all sides. To do this, “legs” are attached to the mesh on the bottom side, which will allow the mixture to penetrate under the reinforcement. Protective layer made at least 3 cm thick.

• Compensation gaps are installed along the walls and around protruding structures; for their construction, foam plastic 5 cm thick can be used.
• Concrete is poured with a slope of 2-3% directed towards the gate. The thickness of the coating varies between 7–15 cm and depends on the requirements for the floor.
• To make the base strong and monolithic, it is recommended to lay the mixture at one time.

• After the concrete has completely set, you can begin additional decorative finishing floors: coat with a polymer composition (see), paint with concrete paint, lay tiles or make a self-leveling floor. The main thing is that the surface is non-slip.

Garage door

The function performed by garage doors is to protect the doorway from penetration unauthorized persons and car theft, as well as heat preservation in winter time. Therefore, they must be durable, reliable, safe for the owner, tightly closed and easy to open.

Several types of gates are installed in a concrete garage:

• Recoil.
• Swing.
• Lift-and-swivel.
• Roller shutters.
• Sectional.

Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. If the garage is in garage cooperative or at the dacha, then ordinary swing gates, as the simplest, proven and reliable option.

All other types are appropriate near the house when the garage is being monitored, as they have poor resistance to breaking and entering.

Conclusion

We told you step by step what types of work will have to be done when installing or building a concrete garage. If the chain “project – garage – concrete” is followed correctly and consistently, all recommendations and instructions are carefully followed, then as a result you will receive a reliable, durable shelter for your car.

Thematic photos and videos presented in this article will clearly demonstrate some of the nuances of construction and help you understand complex issues.

We refer:

1. Mobility

Having bought a garage from reinforced concrete products , it will only take a few hours to assemble it; from reinforced concrete slabs - several days. If you need to move it to a new location, there will be no difficulties with this - the garage can be easily dismantled and is ready for assembly.

2. Variety of options

Today you can buy a garage of any design - factories Precast concrete products supply great amount wall panels with gate openings, gates, floor slabs, entrances to and.

Such garages can be built in any configuration and size, performing own project in accordance with your operating requirements.

Flaws:

1. When constructing prefabricated structures, it is necessary to have special equipment.
2. Once a garage has been built, it cannot be redesigned.
3. Incorrect transportation reinforced concrete structures leads to their deformation, worsens their characteristics and complicates assembly, which reduces operational and specifications prefabricated structure.

In this regard, during the construction process it is required proper organization transportation and storage slabs And concrete blocks.

Reinforced concrete garage - photo:

Where is it smart to build?

The rules for the construction of objects of this class are specified in the documents: SNiP 30-02-97 And SP 30-102-99.

The regulations indicate that construction design garages in the ground and basement floors, incl. and attached ones are allowed without complying with the standards.

SNIP only regulates that outbuildings must be located one meter from the boundaries of the site and the distance between adjacent buildings with combustible floors must be at least 10 meters.

If under construction country house, then reinforced concrete garage built under the house, there are noticeable advantages:

• at least one hundred square meters of land is saved for other needs;
• the car can be freely parked and taken out of the garage without disturbing household members;
• the necessary things and tools are always in the house, even in winter;
• This construction option is no more expensive than building a separate garage.

If you choose a garage extension, then, of course, the main issue will be its reliability, functionality and convenience; in other words, price-quality.

With reliability, everything is clear - the stronger the garage, the better. But its construction will cost quite a significant amount. Purchase, delivery, invitation of workers. On the other side reliability And durability.

If you are planning to live in a country house or in a garden, then construction reinforced concrete garage is a justifiable decision. But to complete the documents you will still have to stand in line, which can take more than one month.

A metal garage costs about $1000; additional costs for its construction will require the delivery of materials and the cost of a foundation strip (small). Construction will take short time, you will get an excellent solution that protects the car from the sun and rain; in principle, this is enough in the country.

Attention: Plus metal garage is the absence of the need to finish the walls, conduct water and garage. Garage on the garden or summer cottage- This is primarily a car shelter.

If you need a place to store garden tools, the device in a small garage rack will solve the problem. An inspection hole is also not required, this is an additional saving, since it will not require the cost of waterproofing.

If a dacha or garden is not the place permanent residence, but only personal plot with a holiday home, then this option is optimal due to its efficiency.

Factories reinforced concrete products make various options garages by size and weight, depending on the model. The weight of a reinforced concrete garage ranges between 10 And 17 tons. The kit includes a concrete floor and a gate.

Reinforced concrete garage size:

Construction

The important point here is the choice places And project construction. If previously prefabricated garages made of reinforced concrete were built on site - poured, reinforcement was knitted, formwork was made, concrete was poured and everything was thoroughly compacted, then the labor intensity, time and price of such a garage was quite high.

Modern technologies have become noticeably simpler. Purchasing a prefabricated structure from a factory Precast concrete products reduces costs by about half. This concrete slab garage is designed for simple assembly and comes with detailed instructions. Even the garage owners themselves can assemble it without the help of builders.

Assembly steps:

• basement panels are installed (if provided);
• floor slabs are installed;
• garage walls are assembled;
• the gate panel is installed;
• floor panels (hollow) are installed;
• the roof is being installed.

For work you will need lifting mechanisms . Plates are fastened anchor bolts and brackets. To install the gate you will need welding machine. The advantage is that there is no need finishing works inside and outside the garage.

For insulation of a collapsible concrete garage, it is usually used Styrofoam. This allows you to do without internal heating.

The polystyrene foam is attached with mortar to the outer walls of the garage; plastic dowels are also used to secure it.

Afterwards, a network of plaster is applied, embedded in glue, which is applied to the foam.

At the final stage, the surface is coated with putty and, if necessary, paint is applied.

Waterproofing Suitable for all garage foundations. It is installed at a height 15-25 cm from ground level to prevent moisture from penetrating the walls.

Waterproofing is divided into horizontal and vertical.

Horizontal done using roofing felt, glued to heated bitumen in 2 layers. It is used in garages without basements, it is done around the entire perimeter of the garage along the foundation edge (its upper edge), but above ground level (required).

If the garage has, in addition to the main one, protection against capillary moisture is applied. For this purpose it is used vertical waterproofing at the bottom level of the foundation under external walls. It is also installed on the outer edges of the outer walls of the basement. For these purposes, the edges are leveled with cement and bitumen.

If the ground water is above the basement floor, the basement should be protected closed shell, performed continuously.

The basement floor on top of the waterproofing is made of cement or concrete.

It is made from bioresistant coatings and waterproof impregnations.

The wood is impregnated 2-3 times with heated mixtures at intervals of 24 hours. After drying, the wood can be painted. The tree is painted oil paints, paints with rubber are also good; they can be used to paint any surface.

Important: It is better to make a viewing hole if groundwater don't rise too high.

If, after all, an inspection hole is planned, it is recommended to place it outside the permanent parking of the car or make cover to close the hole.

Heat prefab concrete garage central heating quite expensive and ineffective. More effective electric heating. There are many methods; nowadays there are many instruments and auxiliary devices that regulate the temperature and operating time of electrical appliances.

What devices can be used for heating finished concrete garage:

• electric heating boiler;
• thermal convector;
• heated floor system;
• infrared heating.

Auxiliary devices for heating:

• timer socket (controls heating according to time);
• thermostat sensor (holds set temperature in room).

Finishing outside and inside

Flat roofs covered with roofing felt, fiberglass or euro slate. It is cheap, simple, easy to do and these materials protect well from water. But they become unusable after 5-10 years, have low resistance to damage.

Pitched roofs covered with galvanized sheets, metal tiles, corrugated sheets or slate. The materials do not deteriorate for quite a long time, are durable and retain heat well, are resistant to temperature changes and are also fire resistant. Their minus- higher price and difficult to install.

If the garage is used in winter and heated, its roof should be insulate.

Wall finishing:

Modern finishing prefabricated reinforced concrete garages carried out or cement plaster or decorating materials such as block house, siding, artificial stone.

Ceiling waterproofed with special compounds for these works (for example, Gidrotex-U), used for sealing seams, joints and cracks. Afterwards, fiberglass tape is applied to problem areas, and a primer of penetrating solution is applied to the entire ceiling. Next are already being carried out finishing.

Three rules of work:

• finishing is carried out with fireproof and chemically resistant materials;
• materials should not get too dirty, absorb odors and should be easy to clean;
• It is necessary to use highly damage-resistant materials.

In conclusion:

Concrete garages are simple and reliable, they durable and also warmer than their brick counterparts. Their disadvantage may be some uniformity and a higher price. They also have a price advantage over monolithic concrete ones. And if when building a car dwelling financial issue is not a priority, a garage made of concrete blocks will serve you a very long time.