Honeysuckle: planting and care, types and varieties, photos. Decorative climbing honeysuckle: planting, care and propagation

Synonyms: Honeysuckle evergreen, Lonicera evergreen, Lonicera sempervirens L. var. hirsutula Rehder, Lonicera sempervirens L. var. Sempervirens, Phenianthus sempervirens (L.) Raf., Lonicera sempervirens L. var. minor Aiton

Honeysuckle evergreen(Lonicera sempervirens) - popular look genus (Lonicera) of the Honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae). From North America. Introduced into culture in 1686.

It is a tall climbing shrub with bare shoots, reaching a length of 3 m. The shoots are bare. The leaves are elliptical or oval, to oblong, leathery, 3-8 cm long and 1.5-5 cm wide. The upper side is smooth, dark green, the lower side is bluish-gray, often with soft pubescence, evergreen. 1 or 2 pairs of leaves often grow together to form an oblong or round disk on which the inflorescences are placed.

Flowers large, sessile, grow in groups of three on long peduncles in apical spike-shaped inflorescences, red or orange-red, less commonly yellow color, without smell. The corolla reaches 4-5 cm in length. The style and stamens protrude slightly beyond the bend. Blooms from May to September.

Berries small, pea-sized, scarlet-red.

Shapes: f. superba Re gel (superior - with brighter red flowers and large leaves), f. sulphurea J aq. (var. flava R e g e 1) (sulphurous - with yellow flowers).

Varieties:"Magnifica" (flowers red outside and yellow inside), "Sulphurea" (flowers yellow), "Superba" (flowers bright scarlet).

Frost resistance zone: 3-9. IN winter period Possible slight freezing of shoots, which then quickly recover.

Location: not demanding on soil, unpretentious. Grows well in moist, loose and fertile soils under cover tall trees, but not in the shade. Optimal soil acidity pH 7.5 - 8.5. Does not grow well in poor sandy and heavy damp soils. Can grow in sun or partial shade, in a well-ventilated place.

Trimming: It is recommended to carry out in the fall (after the leaves fly away) or in early spring(March). Every 2-3 years it is necessary to carry out anti-aging pruning and thinning of the crown. To do this, it is necessary to remove old and small branches, leaving no more than 5 powerful trunks, while new shoots are actively formed. After 6-7 years, only sanitary pruning is necessary

Landing: The transplant is tolerated well. Planting is recommended in late autumn. Plants with a closed root system can be planted from spring to late autumn. The recommended distance between plants is 1.5-2 m. Soil mixture: turf land, humus, peat or sand in a ratio of 3:1:1. Root collar at ground level. The depth of the planting hole is 25-30 cm, the diameter is 25 cm for 2-3 year old bushes, for 5-7 year old bushes the depth and diameter of the hole reaches 50 cm. To set fruit, it is necessary to plant at least 3-5 bushes of different varieties. When planting, you can add 5 - 7 kg of manure, 50 - 80 g of superphosphate and 40 - 50 g of potassium salt per bush. Drainage layer made of broken bricks or gravel with a layer of 5-7 cm.

Care: in early spring you can fertilize with mineral fertilizer (20 - 30 g/sq. m). Before flowering, you can add liquid Kemira-universal (20 g per 10 liters of water). If the growth of young plants is weak, it is recommended to carry out foliar feeding(0.1% urea, 1% superphosphate, 0.5% potassium chloride). Responds well to summer sprinkling of the crown. In the fall, you can add wood ash (100 - 200 g/sq. m) for digging. Watering is moderate, 2-3 times a season, in hot weather 8-10 liters per plant. Without watering, bitterness may appear in the fruits. It is recommended to remove weeds by loosening the soil to the depth of a shovel (20-25 cm). Mulch with peat near the plants in a layer of 3-5 cm.

Diseases and pests: practically not affected by diseases or pests.

Reproduction: seeds are 100% viable. Summer cuttings take root completely.

Usage: used for vertical gardening of trellises, building walls, balconies and other objects.

Having our own garden, we want to arrange it so that it pleases the eye. All gardeners, even amateurs, by planting climbing honeysuckle on their plot, will receive a beautiful decorative decoration gazebos, arches, fences.

It will delight you not only with its rich greenery, but also with its abundant color and excellent aroma.

Types of climbing honeysuckle for vertical gardening

The choice of varieties is quite extensive, so experienced gardeners, and beginners will be able to choose a honeysuckle bush to their liking. Here is a description of the most famous varieties:

Decorative: a dense vine, abundantly covered with bright green foliage and flowers that exude a wonderful aroma. Basic decorative element– fruits are dark red.
Flowering: June – October, fruit ripening in August.
Features: flowering and fruiting occurs 3 - 4 years after planting.
Don't worry if the shoots are a little frozen. Flowers form on this year's shoots
Soil: moist and fertile soils.

2. Honeysuckle Dropmore Scarlet.

Decorative: a beautifully flowering vine, the young shoots of which have a green-blue tint, and in the sun turn into burgundy. Honeysuckle blooms with long crimson flowers - orange color.
Flowering: June – first frost.
Features: growth during the year is 50 cm.
Soil: Suitable for all types of soil.

3. Honeysuckle Golden Trumpet.

Decorative: spreading, climbing plant, has bright light green leaves. The flowers are odorless, yellow in color, turning into a golden-copper color.
Flowering: from early June until September.
Features: having good support, it can grow up to 4 meters in height.
Soil: generally drained and fertile.

Decorative: bright green vine with violet-purple flowers, which has an excellent aroma. The fruits have a rich red color.
Flowering: early flowering variety. The first flowering is in May - June, the second flowering is from July until the first frost. Fruit ripening is September – October.
Features: frost-resistant honeysuckle.
Soil: preferably fertile soil.

5. Honeysuckle Hekrota.

Decorative: 4-meter green vine, long time pleases with two-color large flowers, an additional decoration are shiny red fruits.
Flowering: from June to the first frost, fruit ripening - August - October.
Features: non-frost-resistant variety, requires mandatory shelter for the winter.
Soil: fertile and moist soil.

6. Thälmann's honeysuckle.

Decorative: bright green vine, capable of reaching 7 meters in length. Prized for the beauty of its orange-golden flowers. The yellow fruits are small in shape.
Flowering: June – July, fruit ripening – July – September.
Features: demanding of the conditions of its existence.
Soil: well-drained, moist, sufficiently fertilized.

Below we invite you to watch a video about honeysuckle blooming decorative variety"Primorskaya":

Types for ground cover landscaping

The following ground cover plants are used for landscaping:

Decorative: shrub with spreading branches. The main decorative element is white double flowers.
Flowering: mid-June – first half of July.
Features: used as a hedge.
Soil: feels great on all types of soil.

2. Honeysuckle American Beauty.

Decorative: shrub with large orange flowers which are odorless. Bright orange fruits complement beautiful picture.
Flowering: during the summer and until September, berry ripening - August - October.
Features: tough shoots, weakly wrap around the support.
Soil: well fertilized and drained soil.

3. Brown's Honeysuckle.

Decorative: deciduous vine with dark green foliage. Abundant flowering bright and fragrant flowers.
Flowering: like the previous variety, from June to late September.
Features: ground cover vine.
Soil: All types of soil are suitable.

Decorative: a beautifully flowering vine with dark green foliage, beautifully set off by dark red flowers, which fill the entire garden with their aroma.
Flowering: June – August, fruits ripen in July – October.
Features: used as beautiful bush or ground cover plant.
Soil: moist, well-drained soil.

5. Honeysuckle Graham Thomas.

Decorative: an evergreen vine of dark green color that retains its appearance even in winter. The flowers are collected in yellow-red inflorescences, filling the garden with aroma. The fruits have a red tint.
Flowering: June – September, flowering repeats in September, bears fruit from July to October.
Features: in the south it is suitable for vertical gardening, in the north it is used as a ground cover plant.
Soil: moist, fertile soil.

Common forest honeysuckle, or wolfberry. The fruits are used in folk medicine

Note: The fruits of decorative honeysuckle are inedible!

Planting honeysuckle

For the vine, you need to choose a well-lit place for planting. The plant will also feel good in partial shade.
Before planting, you need to decide how honeysuckle will be used:

• for landscaping gazebos, arches;
• like a hedge;
• as an ornamental ground cover plant.

Once the purpose of the plant has been chosen, it is necessary to prepare the planting site.
Most species need fertile, well-drained soil, so a mixture of soil should be poured into the prepared hole. mineral fertilizers and humus.

It is important to know: if you want the vine to grow significantly in area in the future, you need to plant the cuttings not in a hole, but in a trench, which also needs to be prepared for planting.

Caring for climbing vines

The plant is easy to grow and if followed certain rules, available beautiful decoration your garden that will be admired for many years to come. In the hot season, it is necessary to provide good watering, but do not forget about drainage when planting. You need to water when there is no bright sun: in the morning or evening.

After watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil under the plant to prevent crust formation. Curly young shoots must initially be carefully attached to the support; over time, they will become woody and will firmly adhere to the supporting structure.

The vine should be pruned in the second year after planting. If you leave it in the form in which it grows, then honeysuckle will very quickly turn into a tangled clump of branches. Frosted shoots are cut off. If you occasionally renew the plant by pruning the branches, you will get lush and long flowering.

Honeysuckle needs to be covered for the winter, even if it is winter-hardy. This should be done in late autumn, before the first frost.

Note: The plant should be placed in front of the shelter not on bare ground, but on boards or a dense layer of leaves.

When a vine has been living in your garden for quite a long time, you should not unhook the stems from the support and wrap them up, because it has already formed suckers that have grown to the support, thereby you can injure the plant along its entire length. Choose from 2 options:

• vertical shelter;
• mulching the soil around the bush (Mulching - covering the soil various materials, for example, sawdust).

Honeysuckle should be opened in early spring, when the threat of frost has passed, somewhere in mid-April.

Honeysuckle propagation

There are several types of honeysuckle propagation:

• direct planting of seeds in the ground in spring;
• cuttings from a 2-year-old shoot (sprinkle with soil in spring);
• rooting in June - July in moist soil (herbaceous cuttings).

As you can see, the choice of honeysuckle varieties is quite large and caring for it is no more difficult than for other vines. It is recommended to use honeysuckle in combination with climbing roses and clematis.

We invite you to watch a video on how to properly plant and care for wild honeysuckle:

There are approximately 200 species of honeysuckle in nature. Honeysuckle is unpretentious, winter-hardy, its flowers are very delicate, and its berries are very impressive, and some are even edible. Under natural conditions, honeysuckle varieties are distributed unevenly. Most species are concentrated in South-East Asia. In general, honeysuckle grows in the northern hemisphere, occupying large areas in Europe and Asia.

Varieties of honeysuckle

Can be found in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests of temperate climates. Of course, by adapting, a shrub can have different shapes growth and demand different conditions to moisture, soil, light. In the tropics there are evergreen species of honeysuckle, which temperate climate not suitable for its cold winters.

Unfortunately, in today's gardens and parks it is not used most of decorative species honeysuckle Besides such very famous plants, like Tartarian honeysuckle and honeysuckle, exists a large number of various and resilient honeysuckles worthy of special attention.

Honeysuckle root system

In honeysuckle it is located close to the surface. Honeysuckle foliage is opposite. As a rule, they are uniform in shape, entire or with a wavy edge, elliptical or oval. The top of the leaf can be pointed or rounded, less often pointed. Honeysuckle flowers are honey-bearing and fragrant. Honeysuckles have species with yellow, cream, white, crimson and pink flowers.

Flowers climbing species Honeysuckles are collected in capitate inflorescences, usually without pedicels. The inflorescences are surrounded by oval or round discs formed by the fusion of leaves.

Honeysuckle berries are red, orange, blue or black. These are berries with very small seeds.

Edible varieties of honeysuckle have dark blue berries of variable shape.

Even for the most novice gardeners, honeysuckle is ideal tree species: it can delight with flowering and vitality, tolerates dry, urban climate.

Types and varieties

Honeysuckle brilliant

This honeysuckle comes from Western China. Shining honeysuckle is a beautiful evergreen, densely branched shrub, 2 m tall, with shiny, small, ovate, leathery leaves. It blooms in spring with white, small, fragrant flowers. The fruits are purple, spherical.

Loves a little shade. Withstands haircuts very well. Undemanding to soil. Propagates well by seeds. Honeysuckle is a heat-loving plant. A charming shrub for edges, borders, and edging groups.

Honeysuckle blue

Grows in the undergrowth of mountain forests, in swamps, on slopes. Under natural conditions it is found in the north of the European part of Russia, but is not used in landscaping in the central regions, although it is a wonderful honey-bearing shrub.

Blue honeysuckle is a spreading shrub with brown-red shoots. The leaves of blue honeysuckle are oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, with a blunt tip, about 8 cm long. Blue honeysuckle is valuable for its dense crown. This honeysuckle is a valuable early honey plant.

The dark blue berries with eight seeds ripen in July. Blue honeysuckle grows slowly, but forms dense bushes, is shade-tolerant, and frost-resistant. Sensitive to drought. The fruits of this honeysuckle are considered medicinal

There are many forms of blue honeysuckle:

Gracefully colored - with thin red shoots and oblong leaves, the flowers are thinner than those of the main species.

The edible form deserves special attention. Grows in humid mountain forests, preferring calcareous substrates, on Far East, in Eastern Siberia, Korea, China, and Japan.

Straight shrub with brown bark. Leaves of different sizes and shapes. The flowers are yellow or yellow-white. The fruits are almost black with a bluish tinge and taste like blueberries. The shrub begins to bloom and bear fruit in the 4th year.

Winter-hardy, unpretentious. Recommended as fruit bush. Excellent propagation by cuttings and seeds. Blue honeysuckle is not only beautiful, but also most useful shrub is now familiar to many, because it began to be grown in gardens as a fruit and berry plant.

Also, 3 other Far Eastern species of honeysuckle are desirable with it in ornamental gardening: Kamchatka honeysuckle, Turchaninov honeysuckle, Altai honeysuckle. All three species have edible fruits.

Brown's honeysuckle

Brown's honeysuckle is a hybrid of rough honeysuckle and evergreen honeysuckle. A climbing shrub with shoots about 2 m long. Brown's honeysuckle is very decorative due to its bright colors of flowers and their unique shape. Flowering is abundant, inflorescences appear in early July.

This loach does not climb very high on the support, but it looks very beautiful when laid on the ground. Brown's honeysuckle is decorative during the flowering period.

Used for landscaping low fences; in winter, a small shelter is desirable.

Honeysuckle climbing

Under natural conditions, it is widespread in Southern Europe.

A climbing, tall shrub 5 m in height, with great variability of leaves. Flowers of climbing honeysuckle are in dense capitate inflorescences, white inside, with a carmine corolla outside.

It begins to bloom in July and continues until September. The red fruits of climbing honeysuckle ripen in August. It begins to bloom and bear fruit in the 3rd year.

The shrub grows quickly, therefore, the form is well restored after annual shoots freeze in winter, and since climbing honeysuckle will bloom on the shoots of the current year, its

It has decorative forms: golden - golden leaves at the beginning of development; Belgian - with more plump leaves than the previous form, purple flowers.

But special attention deserves climbing honeysuckle late - liana about 3 m in length. Annual shoots are slightly pubescent or bare, yellowish or red at the top. The foliage is dark green above, bluish below, ovate.

The flowers of this honeysuckle are two-lipped, dark red on the outside, then turn pale, and yellow on the inside. Climbing honeysuckle blooms profusely and for a long time, from June to August. The berries are red. Gardeners really like it. In Russia in the middle zone, it is recommended to remove shoots from supports in the fall and cover them with spruce branches and dry leaves on top.

There are varieties of climbing honeysuckle:

("Belgica ") "Belgica " - the flowers are white with red stripes, then they turn yellow.

("Graham Thomas ") "Graham Thomas " - white flowers turn yellow when they fade.

("Serotina ") "Serotina "- the flowers are creamy white on the inside, purple on the outside.

("Minister ") "Munster " - the flowers in buds are dark pink, when they bloom white-pink, then become cream.

Thälmann's honeysuckle

Thälmann's honeysuckle is a hybrid between Honeysuckle evergreen and Honeysuckle honeysuckle.

A liana with oblong leaves, green above, bluish below. Under the inflorescence, the upper pair of leaves are fused. Thälmann's honeysuckle flowers b cm, orange-golden. It blooms very beautifully and profusely for about 12 days. The berries are yellow-orange.

Thälmann's honeysuckle is valued for lush flowering and dense foliage. Used for vertical gardening. Demanding on soil fertility. Light-loving, but can also bloom in partial shade. In cold winters it can be damaged by frost. To avoid this, it is necessary to remove the vines from the supports and cover them with spruce branches.

Honeysuckle Hekrota

Hekrota honeysuckle is a hybrid of American honeysuckle and evergreen honeysuckle.

The liana rises to a height of 3 m and is very elegant in flowering: its inflorescences consist of a huge number of large flowers, each about 6 cm in length, the flowers of Hekrota honeysuckle are purple on the outside, almost yellow on the inside: it blooms from June to August. To prevent Hekrota honeysuckle from frostbiting, it should be planted on the south side.

Japanese honeysuckle

It is a very fragrant semi-evergreen vine. Anyone who was in the Caucasus probably saw it along the roads and near housing. Japanese honeysuckle is native to Korea, China or Japan.

Japanese honeysuckle grows quickly and produces many layerings. Blooms luxuriantly in June. The flowers are white, with a purple tint, and very fragrant. In the middle zone it can only grow in the sun.

However, even with excellent care it will not bloom every year. If desired, Japanese honeysuckle can be grown indoors.

Japanese honeysuckle has a very elegant form - with delicate leaves in a yellow net - "Aureoreticulata". This variety can also be grown indoors.

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In addition to clematis, there is a large group of climbing shrubs that are worthy of attention. Lianas take up little space on the site and are spectacular thanks to the mass of sustainable greenery: fallopia ( Fallopia) , Kirkazon ( Aristolochia) , wood plier ( Celastrus) , Kampsis ( Campsis) , grape ( Vitis) , girlish grapes ( Parthenocissus) , ampelopsis ( Ampelopsis) , actinidia ( Actinidia) , beautiful flowers: wisteria ( Wisteria) , Kampsis ( Campsis) , honeysuckle ( Lonicera) , decorative fruits: wood plier ( Celastrus) , nightshade ( Solanum) , vineyard ( Ampelopsis) or edible: actinidia ( Actinidia), Schisandra ( Schisandra) , akebia ( Akebia) . Most of the vines twine around the supports, some can climb flat walls, without additional supports holding on to the walls aerial roots, for example ivy ( Hedera) , climbing hydrangea ( Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris) , Kampsis ( Campsis) , schizophragma japonica ( Schizophragma hydrangeoides) And Fortune's euonymus ( Euonymus fortunei) or special suction cups, for example. parthenocissus ( Parthenocissus) .

Creepers can be used to cover the walls of a building Apart from providing a decorative function, it insulates buildings in winter and shades and cools in summer, and also prevents walls from drying out, protects them from rain and removes excess water from the foundation area. Parthenocissus is suitable for this purpose, but you can also plant ivy or campsis, and all other vines can provide support.

Creepers can quickly camouflage ineffective buildings, various sheds, warehouses and trash cans, hide from the eyes of our guests. If we need an effect within one year, this is better suited: Aubert's fallopia ( Fallopia aubertii) , hops ( Humulus) , clematis ( Clematis) from the Tangutica Group e.g. "Bill MacKenzie" or "Lambton Park" or clematis "Paul Farges" from Grupy Vitalba. If we wait 2-3 years, then a good effect will come from the remaining vines.

Vines can cover various fences(eg mesh) and in addition to decorative functions, they shield us from the curious, and also protect us from wind and dust. Well suited for this e.g. common ivy ( Hedera helix) , honeysuckle acuminate (" Lonicera acuminata") , clematis ( Clematis) from Atragene (especially "Pamela Jackman"), Tangutica (especially "Lambton Park"), Viticella (especially "Etoile Violette" and " Polish Spirit") also by the Vitalba group (especially "Paul Farges"), aconitifolia vineyard (A mpelopsis aconitifolia) , five-leafed maiden grape ( Parthenocissus quinquefolia) And girlish trifoliate grape ( Parthenocissus tricuspidata) .

Most vines are not picky about soil, but since they form a large green mass, they do not like dry and poor soils. Heat-loving species, e.g. actinidia ( Actinidia) , wisteria ( Wisteria) And Kampsis ( Campsis) prefer warm, sunny, sheltered places. For example, they grow best in cool, moist and semi-shaded places. ivy ( Hedera) , climbing hydrangea ( Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris) , Kirkazon ( Aristolochia) , schizophragma, Fortune's euonymus ( Euonymus fortunei) , akebia ( Akebia), hops ( Humulus) and part honeysuckle ( Lonicera) .

When planting vines We dig a hole measuring 50x50x50 cm, which we fill with fertile soil, and plant the plants (depending on the type) 0-10 cm deeper than they grew before, at a distance of 30-50 cm from the walls and 50-100 cm from the trees. Well-selected and planted vines can grow for many years and decorate the garden. whole year and form an excellent refuge for birds.

Lonicera – honeysuckle

Popular liana with decorative flowers, tubular, in some varieties aromatic, for example. honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , climbing honeysuckle, Japanese honeysuckle, Heckrott's honeysuckle "Goldflame".

Name Lonicera perpetuates someone who lived in the 16th century. German naturalist Adama Lonitzera, author of the famous herbarium. Genus Lonicera belongs to the family Caprifoliaceae.

About 180 species are known to grow in the northern hemisphere. Most of them are shrubs with raised shoots, belonging to the subsection Lonicera- but also vigorously growing vines with shoots spiraling around supports, belonging to the subsection Caprifolium- honeysuckle. About 20 species and several varieties of honeysuckle are grown in the world, of which about 20 taxa (species and varieties) are grown in Poland. Honeysuckle has opposite leaves, in pairs. In most species, the apical leaves are fused in pairs, forming characteristic plates.

Leaves most often green or bluish-green, but some varieties have slightly different colors, for example. Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) "Aureoreticulata" the leaves have yellow veins, and the leaves Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) "Purpurea" in autumn and winter they turn purple. The main decorations are white, yellow, purple or violet flowers- tubular, long, usually with two inverted “lips” in most varieties and species, fragrant.

Honeysuckle begins to bloom 2-4 years after planting. The flowers are collected in three-colored shields, folded in pairs at the corners of the leaves or in heads at the ends of the shoots; depending on the species or variety, they bloom from late May to October. Most honeysuckles also have decorative fruits - multi-seeded, shiny berries of sparkling juicy colors from orange to purple and crimson. Ripen from July to October. They can serve as food for most birds, attracting them to the site.

Lonicera heckrottii"Goldflame"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera caprifolium"Inga"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera x brownii"Golden Trumpet"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera henryi(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera japonica"Purpurea"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Requirements
Honeysuckle grows in most soils, except poor and dry ones. However, it grows better and blooms profusely in soils that are medium or slightly alkaline, permeable, fertile, clayey, rich in humus, moist but not wet. They look best when planted in a sunny location, but in such locations some honeysuckles are more easily (i.e., more severely) affected by aphids. Therefore, the most universal can be considered semi-shaded place, protected from hot midday sun. They also like sheltered places from strong winds.

Lonicera x brownii"Fuchsioides"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera japonica"Halliana"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera periclymenum"Graham Thomas"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera japonica"Aureoreticulata"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera x brownii"Golden Trumpet"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera"Blanche Sandman"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera periclymenum"Serotina"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Usage
Honeysuckles are among the most valuable garden vines; they can be used in any garden, but they look especially good in naturalistic, large ones, where they have free growth. They reach a height of up to 3-6 m (0.5 - 2 m per year). Honeysuckle is excellent for twining structures near walls, gates, nets, trellises, pergolas, gazebos; it can also climb along the trunks of old trees, on which wires or nets are fitted to hold the plant. Planted near fences, they can create decorative camouflage and protection from wind, dust and the gaze of passers-by, replacing hedge. The evergreen species is especially suitable for this. pointed honeysuckle ( Lonicera acuminata) . Some honeysuckles, e.g. Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) "Halliana" and "Hall's Prolific" can be used as ground cover plants to cover large surfaces also in urban landscaping. fragrant flowers, eg. honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum) , Heckrott's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x heckrottii) , Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) as well as varieties, it is recommended to plant near entrances (gates, entrance doors), windows, benches. Honeysuckle is often part of traditional or rustic gardens. Can be used alone or together with other vines, e.g. climbing roses or clematisi ( Clematis) . For this purpose it is better to choose clematis ( Clematis) requiring heavy pruning, e.g. from the Viticella Group or large-flowered, late-flowering, which must be pruned above the ground every year in early spring. Other pruning of clematis will be very difficult to perform, since their shoots will become intertwined with the shoots of honeysuckle.

Lonicera japonica"Halliana"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera periclymenum"Graham Thomas"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata on the fence (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata on a tree (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Care
Most honeysuckles loosely pruned, only as needed. When they grow freely, they look better and bloom more profusely. If desired, receive ornamental plants it is necessary to devote the first 1 to 3 years to molding them. After planting, it is necessary to trim all shoots to 1/3 of the height so that they form a strong branch at the base. From the newly grown shoots, we select 3-4 of the strongest ones to form a powerful base of the plant, and remove the rest. In subsequent years, honeysuckle blooms on last year's shoots, for example. honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) or Tellmann's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x tellmanniana) We prune very lightly, removing only weakened shoots that are frozen, dead or interfering with neighboring plants. Honeysuckles blooming on this year's shoots, e.g. Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonia) and its varieties, or Heckrott's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x heckrottii) we can prune heavily in early spring without fear that it will rid us of flowers. After several years, all honeysuckles may become bare below, producing leaves and flowers only at the top of the plant. To avoid this, it is necessary to carry out good strong anti-aging pruning every 5-6 years. It is better to stretch this out over 2 years, each year cutting off half of the old shoots, right at the base.

Lonicera japonica"Halliana"

Lonicera periclymenum"Serotina"- pruning (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera x heckrottii"American Beauty"- pruning (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Honeysuckle needs good and intensive water and fertilize. If fertilized with slow-release fertilizers, for example Osmocote 5-6M, one application per year is sufficient, at the end of April with a dose of 20-30 g per plant (2-3 teaspoons in 3-5 holes in the ground, 5 cm deep).

Lonicera caprifolium- the entire plant that died due to powdery mildew (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Diseases and pests
The most burdensome pest honeysuckle are aphids, which appear on the tops of plants in May, right before flowering. Aphids especially attack young shoots, leaves and flower buds. They curl, shrivel, become deformed and are limited in growth, covered with viscous sticky honeydew. Most often affected honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum) , Tellmann's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x tellmanniana) And Brown's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x brownii) as well as varieties belonging to those species, especially when grown on dry or sunny places. Honeysuckle Henry ( Lonicera henryi), Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) and pointed honeysuckle ( Lonicera acuminata) are most often not affected by aphids. The fight consists of spraying honeysuckle with an insecticide immediately after the first aphid appears.

A dangerous honeysuckle disease is powdery mildew. Causes the formation of a white powdery coating on the top of the leaf. Over time, reddening or brown spots may appear, which leads to complete drying of the leaves. Some species, and even varieties, are very different in their susceptibility to this disease. Particularly sensitive honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , but the variety of this species is

Lonicera caprifolium"Inga"- a variety that can withstand powdery mildew (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

"Inga" easily tolerates powdery mildew and is only slightly affected. Also tolerates powdery mildew well pointed honeysuckle ( Lonicera acuminata) , Honeysuckle Henry ( Lonicera henryi) and most varieties climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum) also "Graham Thomas" and "Serotina" and Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) with the exception of the sensitive variety "Aureoreticulata". Powdery mildew can be overcome by spraying plants immediately after the first signs appear with some specially designed preparation. Spraying must be repeated 2-3 times every 10 days, changing the preparations. Types and varieties

Lonicera x brownii"Fuchsioides"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera caprifolium(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera acuminata(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera x heckrottii"Goldflame"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera japonica"Halliana"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera periclymenum"Graham Thomas"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera periclymenum"Chojnow" PBR- flowers (photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera"Blanche Sandman"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera x tellmanniana (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

• Lonicera acuminata- pointed honeysuckle . Originally from Northeast China. The leaves are evergreen (in severe winters they can freeze slightly), oblong-narrow, pointed, with a heart-shaped base, dark green, densely pubescent. The flowers are small, tubular, bilabial, initially cream, yellow at the end of flowering. Blooms profusely, July-October. The fruits are small, purple-black. A strong and fast-growing plant, it grows wildly and bushes. Grows up to 3 - 5m. One of the best evergreen vines for our climate. Good for forming coverings and entwining nets, and also as a ground cover plant.

• Lonicera x brownii- Brown's honeysuckle . The cross was bred in 1850 by crossing Lonicera hirsuta And Lonicera sempervirens. The leaves are ovate, bluish-green, fused. The flowers are tubular, narrow, red, with an orange neck, odorless. Blooms June-August. Fruits are orange-red, August-September. They grow up to 3-4 m tall.
• "Dropmore Scarlet" (Dropmore Scarlet)- The most valuable of the Brown honeysuckle varieties. Bred in Canada in 1950. Flowers are orange-red. It blooms long and profusely in June-October. Beautiful fruits, just like the species. Very frost-resistant.
• "Fuchsioides" (Fuchsidoides)- The flowers are orange-purple. It blooms for a very long time and profusely, June-October. Slowly growing, compact form, reaches a height of up to 1.5 - 2 m. Especially recommended for small areas and gardens.
• GOLDEN TRUMPET "Mintrum" (Golden Trumpet Mintrum)- with copper-yellow flowers. Blooms for a long time, June-October. Grows up to 3 m tall. The fruits are orange-red, like the species.

• Lonicera caprifolium - honeysuckle honeysuckle Originally from the Caucasus and the Middle East, but very popular in Poland. Often confused with climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum), from which it differs in fused apical leaves and greater sensitivity to powdery mildew. The flowers are cream, with an inactive aroma, bloom in May-June, orange fruits July-September. The leaves are ovate to obovate, gray-green, smooth, the upper ones (under the inflorescence) are fused, forming something like a plate. Grows up to 6m.
• "Inga" (Inga)- Flower buds are pink on the outside, flowers are creamy white after blooming. It blooms in May-June, 7-14 days longer than the species. Leaves and young shoots are slightly pubescent. Tolerates powdery mildew well. The variety is worth recommending, much better than the species.

• Lonicera x heckrotty - Heckrott's honeysuckle. The cross arose naturally, from involuntary crossing Lonicera americana And Lonicera sempervirens. Began to be grown in late XIX V. It is considered a very valuable honeysuckle. The leaves are oblong, oval or elliptical, dark green on the upper side and bluish-green below. The leaves are semi-evergreen or deciduous. Flowers in buds are carmine, after blooming they are pink on the outside and orange-yellow in the middle, fragrant. It blooms especially long and profusely, June-September. The shoots are tough and curl weakly around the supports. Can grow like a regular shrub. Grows up to 3-6 m tall.
• "American Beauty" (American Beauty)- The flowers are sparkling orange, odorless, bloom June-September. The fruits are purple-orange and decorate the plant from August to October.
• "Goldflame" (Goldflame)- The variety is very similar in appearance. The flowers are slightly more intensely colored than the species, fragrant, and bloom from June to September.

• Lonicera henryi - Henry's honeysuckle. Originally from China. The leaves are evergreen, oblong-lanceolate, dark green, shiny. The flowers are dark purple-violet, tubular, not large, not numerous, visible in June-July. The fruits are small, purple-black with a light waxy coating, usually on the plant in August-October. In severe winters it can freeze. It should be planted in sheltered, semi-shaded or shady areas. Grows up to 3m tall.

• Lonicera japonica - Japanese honeysuckle. Originally from Japan, Korea and China. Semi-evergreen vine with green leaves ranging from broadly elliptical to ovate. The flowers are tubular, 2-lipped, creamy white at first, yellow at the end of flowering, with an intense aroma. Blooms all summer. The fruits are bluish-black. They grow up to 3-6 m tall. More valuable than the species are the varieties that must also be used.
• "Aureoreticulata" (Aureoreticulata)- Interesting leaves, green with yellow veins, acquire the best color in full sun. The flowers are small, initially white and then yellow, slightly fragrant. Can be used as a vine or as a ground cover. Resistant to powdery mildew. In severe winters it can freeze.
• "Halliana" (Halliana)- A vigorously growing vine, covered throughout the summer with a mass of small, intensely fragrant flowers. The flowers are initially creamy white, then yellow, covering the plant from June to October. The leaves are semi-evergreen. They grow up to 5m tall. On large surfaces it can be used as a ground cover plant. Suitable for planting near fences and forming all kinds of protection. Suitable for urban landscaping.
• "Hall's Prolific" (Health Prolific)- Brought out in Holland from the "Halliana" variety, it enters the flowering period earlier, blooms longer and more abundantly. Slightly more sensitive to frost than the "Halliana" variety. The growth habit and use are the same as for the "Halliana" variety.
• "Purpurea" (Purpurea)- The leaves are evergreen or semi-evergreen, green in summer, with purple veins, dark purple in autumn and winter. The flowers are small, tubular, purple on the outside, and initially white on the inside, then yellow, fragrant. Grows up to 4 m tall (1-2 m annual growth).

• Lonicera periclymenum - climbing honeysuckle. The plant is naturally found in Central and Western Europe, as well as in northern Africa. In Poland it grows naturally in Primorye and Lower Śląsku (Pomorzu and Dolnym Śląsku) and is protected. The leaves are ovate or oval, green above and bluish below. The leaves are arranged in pairs at the nodes, but grow together (this is different from the rest Lonicera caprifolium). Cream flowers, sometimes with red stripes on the outside, with a strong aroma, adorn the plant in May-July. From July to autumn, dark red, shiny fruits also look very decorative. It grows wildly, reaching up to 7 m in height. A popular vine, more valuable and disease resistant than Lonicera caprifolium .
  We recommend using the following varieties:
• "Belgica Select" (Belgica Select)- Dutch variety, early flowering. The leaves have purple veining. Young shoots and pedicels are purple-violet. The flowers are light purple-red on the outside, creamy on the inside at the beginning, and yellow at the end of flowering, very fragrant. Flowering: May-October (with interruptions). The red fruits that cover the plant in September-October also look very decorative. Grows up to 3 m tall (1 m annual growth).
• "Chojnow" PBR (Chojnow)- New Polish variety since 2006. The flowers are dark purple on the outside and beige on the inside, with a strong aroma. Flowering is abundant, throughout the entire height of the plant, from June to September. Red fruits in August-October. Young leaves are purple-green, older leaves are green. Grows up to 2-3 m tall (1 m annual growth).
• "Graham Thomas" (Graham Thomas)- A very valuable variety. Named after the English naturalist. Blooms exceptionally long and profusely, from May to September. The flowers are tubular, especially large, creamy at first, yellow at the end of flowering, with a strong aroma. The shiny red fruits are also decorative, from June to October. Grows up to 4 m tall (about 1-2 m annual growth).
• "Serotina" (Serotina)- The most commonly grown honeysuckle. Dutch late flowering variety (2 - 3 weeks later than "Belgica Select"). The flowers are cream in the middle, purple-red on the outside, highly fragrant, bloom June-September. The fruits are beautiful, coral, shiny, decorating the plant from July to October. It grows wildly, reaching up to 3-6 m in height.

• Lonicerasempervirens- honeysuckle evergreen. North American species. The leaves are semi-evergreen or seasonal. The flowers are tubular, red inside, yellow outside. In Poland it can freeze slightly, so more frost-resistant varieties are recommended for cultivation.
• "Blanche Sandman" (Blanche Sandman)- American variety, more frost-resistant than the species. The flowers are purple with a yellow center. It blooms exceptionally long and profusely, June-October. The fruits are orange, clearly visible from July to October. Valuable for cultivation.

• Lonicera x tellmanniana- Thälmann's honeysuckle - A crossbred created in 1920 in Hungary by crossbreeding Lonicera sempervirens With Lonicera tragophylla. The leaves are oval to elliptical ovate in shape, dark green above, bluish-greenish-white below. The upper pair of leaves is plate-shaped and fused. The flowers are large, tubular, 2-lipped, copper-yellow, very decorative, almost odorless, June-July. The fruits are orange and decorate the plant from July to September. Grows up to 5 m tall. Grows and blooms best in partial shade.

Lonicera periclymenum"Chojnow"- the whole plant (photo: Sz. Marczyński)