The best quality decorative putty. Finishing putty - which is better, types, composition and reviews of manufacturers

Construction mixtures are used during repairs for various purposes. To obtain the smoothest surface, finishing putty is used. There is a huge selection of such mixtures on sale. Before going to the store, you need to consider which finishing putty is best. Expert advice will be discussed further.

Purpose

So, we choose the best composition of finishing putty. To do this, you need to determine why this material is needed in general. Finishing is the final surface of the wall on which the appropriate decorative layer will be applied. This material may have different composition. However, what they all have in common is their scope of application

Putty is a powder type material. It may be white or have a certain shade. As a rule, finishing types of putties are ideally white. This is explained by the scope of application of the composition. Paint is applied to the layer created using this material or wallpaper is glued. Other types of finishes can also be used.

A special feature of finishing putties is their fraction size. The composition includes small components that allow you to create a very even layer. In the starting putty, the fraction size is larger. Therefore, it can be applied to the surface in a fairly thick layer. The finishing putty is applied to the previously prepared surface. Its layer cannot exceed 1 cm.

Requirements for putty

Which finishing putty is best for puttying walls? To answer this question, you need to consider the basic properties of the material. A good putty should have high adhesion. This means that the material will be firmly held on the surface.

Also, the composition must be environmentally friendly. The putty is used indoors. Therefore, it should not emit harmful substances into the air. Also, the composition must be wear-resistant. It should not be destroyed due to mechanical stress. The layer of finishing putty should not be negatively affected by temperature changes and high humidity. This indicator is especially important for materials that are used for outdoor work, as well as in the bathroom and kitchen.

Another important quality of finishing putty is its convergence. The material should form a smooth surface quickly and easily. In other words, an even layer is obtained even without additional mechanical action. After hardening, the material should be easy to sand. These are the main qualities that finishing putties should have. When buying, you should pay attention to this.

Base type

There are different types of finishing putty compositions, the manufacturing technologies of which can differ significantly. So, there are three. They can have a cement, gypsum or polymer base. The scope of their application depends on the type of composition.

Thus, cement compositions are suitable for rooms with high air humidity. This could be a bathroom, kitchen, shower, etc. The material will not be destroyed by moisture. He doesn't absorb it well.

Gypsum putties in residential areas are the preferred option. Gypsum is able to absorb moisture. Therefore, this is an ideal option for rooms. The putty will absorb excess moisture. When the air in the room becomes drier, the material will release moisture back into the environment. At the same time, gypsum allows you to create a favorable microclimate in the room. But it is not suitable for wet rooms.

The advantage of dry mixtures is ease of transportation and storage. The master can prepare the composition of the desired consistency himself. In this case, the shelf life of the dry mixture will be long. This is a universal type of putty. They are used for different types of finishing. Using this composition you can perform even the most delicate finishing.

Among the disadvantages of dry mixtures, one should note the need to spend time preparing the composition. At the same time, in its finished form it is stored for a relatively short time. In this case, during mixing, you must strictly follow the manufacturer’s requirements regarding proportions.

Ready-made formulations

When considering which finishing putty is best for painting, you should pay attention to ready-made compounds. They are sold in buckets of a certain capacity. The composition is completely ready for use; there is no need to knead it before applying it to the surface. Polymer putty is most often made in this form.

The main advantage of the composition is that there is no need to prepare it. There is no need to spend additional time. Also, such materials are characterized by high convergence rates. The composition is stored in a hermetically sealed container for a long time.

The disadvantage is the high cost. Dry mixtures are cheaper, so it is more profitable to purchase them for finishing a large enough area of ​​the base. At the same time, ready-made compositions are not used for delicate work. The minimum layer thickness is 5 mm. Also, ready-made putties cannot be stored at subzero temperatures. The container must be hermetically sealed.

Reviews from experts

Before going to the store, you should also consider the recommendations of specialists, their reviews, what is the best finishing putty for wallpaper, painting, etc. To get the best possible result, you need to choose the right building materials. Gypsum putty, for example, according to reviews from professional builders, is best suited for wallpaper (both thin and thick).

Most often sold in buckets. This material is ideal for painting. Thanks to this material, a perfectly smooth surface is obtained. It is well suited for subsequent paint application.

Cement mixtures are suitable for simple finishing. Most often, this material is purchased for preparing walls in the entrance or for painting the floor. The fact is that after hardening it is almost impossible to sand cement putty.

Reviews about manufacturers

When considering reviews about which finishing putty is better, several popular manufacturers should be noted. Experts do not recommend saving on the quality of building materials. For example, there are many brands on the finishing putty market. Some of them are little known. But their cost is relatively low.

However, when purchasing cheap material, you need to be prepared that the product will not be of the highest quality. It will be inferior in many respects to products from well-known manufacturers. For example, the shrinkage of mixtures of little-known brands will be much greater, and after dilution it will harden quickly. Experts say that when using cheap compounds, in some cases it can be observed that the surface cracks.

The most popular manufacturers of finishing putty in our country are Ceresit, Knauf, Sadolin, Polimin, Tikkurila, Caparol, Kreisel, etc. These compounds are somewhat more expensive. However, they are completely worth their cost. They form a durable, smooth surface. If these putties are applied correctly, you can get good results. The surface will be completely ready for painting or wallpapering.

Products of the company "Ceresit"

The Ceresit company produces a huge number of different dry mixtures. They are designed for different types of construction work. For example, finishing CT 225 is used for finishing facades. It has a gray tint, so it is not suitable for interior work. The cost of the presented product is approximately 650-700 rubles. for 25 kg.

To properly decorate a room for painting or wallpapering, it is better to purchase Ceresit CT 127. Its cost is 550-600 rubles. Sold in 25 kg packaging. This material is easy to apply to the surface and has an environmentally friendly composition. The color of the dry mixture and composition after mixing with water is white. Ideal for wallpapering.

The disadvantage of finishing putty ST 127 is the inability to smooth out deep cracks. For this, finishing putty must be used. Also, this composition cannot be used in the bathroom or kitchen.

Products of the Knauf company

When considering which finishing putty to choose for painting, you should pay attention to the products of the Knauf company. In its production, the manufacturer uses innovative technologies. Thanks to this, its compositions always meet the requirements of customers. There are many options for putties on sale, including those for finishing. They can be made on different bases.

The most popular putties are “NR Finish” and “Multi-Finish”. They are made on a gypsum basis, so they are suitable for finishing the room. "NR Finish" costs about 300 rubles. per bag 25 kg. This composition has a pinkish tint. It is often used for wallpapering a room with vinyl or non-woven wallpaper.

The “Multi-Finish” putty is more expensive. It can be purchased at a price of 350 rubles. for 20 kg. It creates a very durable, perfectly smooth snow-white surface. This composition is quite suitable for painting, wallpapering walls, etc. The material is easily applied to walls and regulates the microclimate in the room.

Sheetrock Products

One of the high quality ready-made putties is Sheetrock APJC. It creates a surface of the highest quality. However, its cost is quite high. Therefore, it is used when finishing small rooms. You can purchase putty in a 28 kg container. The cost will be from 1400 rubles.

Among the advantages of the presented composition is ease of use. The composition is completely ready for use. It is easy to apply to walls. This results in a perfectly smooth surface. It is white in color. At the same time, the layer created with Sheetrock APJC will be durable.

It is worth noting that builders also note that among the advantages of the presented composition they call durable packaging. It is easy to transport the train in it. The bucket can withstand mechanical loads. At the same time, it can be used during other construction work. The disadvantage of this ready-made putty is its high cost.

WeberVetonit putty

When considering which finishing putty is best for walls and ceilings, you need to pay attention to polymer compounds. One of the best materials in the group is WeberVetonit JS. This composition is pleasant to work with and is easy to apply to surfaces. At the same time, putty even allows you to seal the joints between sheets of drywall.

The presented material is suitable for creating a continuous layer. After this, you can paste wallpaper or apply paint to the surface. The cost of WeberVetonit JS is about 650-700 rubles. for 20 kg.

The color of the coating is perfect white. It does not turn yellow over the years. When dry, the composition does not leave cracks. It is easily applied to the prepared surface. The disadvantage is the limited scope of application. The composition is suitable only for dry rooms.

Sniezka Acryl-Putz Start “2 in 1”

When considering which finishing putty is better, you should pay attention to a composition such as Sniezka Acryl-Putz Start “2 in 1”. This is a universal composition. It can be used to level out both large and small irregularities. This composition is also used to seal joints between sheets of drywall. The presented composition can be applied to both walls and ceilings.

The cost of the dry mixture is from 400 rubles. for 20 kg. Its advantage is easy application, as well as the possibility of quick and high-quality sanding after hardening. The putty hardens quickly, so you need to work with it quickly. The surface becomes perfectly smooth.

Among the disadvantages, buyers cite the impossibility of painting the surface created using Sniezka Acryl-Putz Start “2 in 1”. The paint layer does not adhere well to the finishing putty layer. Because of this, the decorative material quickly peels off.

When considering recommendations and reviews about which finishing putty is better, it is worth considering that dry compounds are more intended for further wallpapering. However, this does not mean that paint cannot be applied to them. The finishing layer will be fairly smooth and white so that the paint layer lays evenly and its color is not distorted.

When purchasing a ready-made mixture, you should ask the seller to open the lid of the container. If the fraction is large, it is better not to buy this composition. It's low quality.

Having considered which finishing putty is best, you can purchase the optimal type of building materials.

Interior improvement is a complex and responsible job that requires a variety of repair activities, including the preparation and finishing of internal surfaces, therefore, in order to guarantee an attractive finish for an apartment or house, the owner should promptly decide which putty to choose for the walls under the wallpaper.

Classification of putty - categories and characteristics of finishing materials

When ready for use, all putty on the market is divided into two types: dry and ready-to-use mixtures. Dry mixtures include many important components: filler, binder and various additives that determine the final performance characteristics and visual appeal of the finish. Before use, dry mixtures require dilution with running water.

Ready-made putties are used primarily for final finishing of surfaces. The composition of such putties includes a special solvent; it evaporates after applying the cladding to the wall, resulting in shrinkage of the finish. That is why ready-made mixtures are not used for repair work and leveling surfaces.

Choose a putty from among the finishing materials on the market, taking into account its individual characteristics. The most important parameters of putties are:

• water resistance level;
• grinding fineness: coarse, universal, finishing;
• chemical composition: adhesive-oil, latex, acrylic, PVA;
• composition of the binder component: cement, gypsum, polymers.

According to their intended purpose, putty is usually divided into four groups:

• specialized;
• universal;
• leveling;
• finishing.

The first mixtures in the list are used to solve highly specialized problems, for example, for sealing joints of plasterboard panels, for sealing joints of floor slabs, for filling “breathing” cracks, etc. It is very easy to choose a putty for performing such work, just study the information on label of the mixture from the manufacturer and determine the composition that most closely matches the purpose of the repair.

Leveling putties are much more common and are available on the market in a wide range. They are used for preliminary leveling of walls and other surfaces before further finishing work. It is necessary to select leveling mixtures taking into account what kind of finishing cladding you plan to use. The market offers mixtures intended for further painting, wallpapering and decoration with other materials.

The following requirements are usually met for leveling putties:

• compatibility with the finishing used;
• high adhesion to cladding and surface;
• high-quality filling of all surface imperfections;
• durability and strength.

Finishing putty is intended for the last or other surface for installation of facing materials. Such mixtures are selected taking into account the individual characteristics of the surface being designed and the finishing features.

Universal are mixtures that can be used to solve a wide range of problems in leveling and preparing building surfaces for decorative cladding. Some universal putties are equally well suited for eliminating wall defects, for finishing decoration and other installation work.

Popular wallpaper putties - advantages and disadvantages

The building materials market offers a huge number of dry and liquid putties that can be used to prepare walls before finishing. Only by studying the characteristics of these materials, their advantages and disadvantages, can we answer the question: which putty is better for walls under wallpaper.

One of the most popular putties for finishing walls today is Vetonit KR. This is a lime putty that contains various organic additives that help increase the plasticity of the finishing layer and reduce dust emissions from the surface. Vetonit KR is used on walls in dry rooms for further wallpapering or painting. The putty can be used on brick, plaster, plasterboard and concrete surfaces, on fiberboard and chipboard.

The most important advantages of Vetonit KR are:

• reliable structure;
• environmental friendliness;
• ease of use.

Disadvantages of Vetonit KR:

• high price;
• the need for additional sanding due to uneven walls and improper installation of putty;
• the appearance of an unpleasant odor during use (disappears after completion of installation work).

Vetonit LR is a popular dry mixture for finishing surface preparation before wallpapering. The putty contains polymer binders and glue, which ensures high quality adhesion of the putty to the surfaces being treated.

Benefits of the mixture:

• simple grinding;
• Possibility of use for leveling and finishing walls;
• high adhesion to the surface;
• does not dry out or pill.

Disadvantages of Vetonit LR:

• high price;
• presence of counterfeits on the market;
• viscous composition, complicating installation work.

Kestonit LH is a finishing polymer putty from Finland. It is used for cladding walls before painting or gluing, ideal for concrete and plastered surfaces, brick, plasterboard and other bases.

Advantages:

• ease of installation;
• high viscosity;
• environmental friendliness.

Disadvantages of the mixture:

• high price;
• Not available in all construction stores.

Knauf Satengips is a thin-layer dry putty based on gypsum. The mixture contains a mineral binder filler and a number of specialized additives that make it possible to use it to correct defects in walls and finishing. Suitable for coating most surfaces including concrete, cement, plaster and brick.

Advantages:

• can be used as a rough and finishing layer;
• allows you to correct even significant surface imperfections;
• high level of viscosity;
• attractive price.

Disadvantages of Knauf Satengips:

• not suitable for subsequent priming;
• requires installation in compliance with all manufacturer's requirements.

Knauf HP Finish is a dry mixture intended for finishing surface preparation. It is a very good, if not the best, universal product for use in finishing residential, commercial and industrial premises.

Advantages:

• price;
• allows you to create perfectly smooth surfaces;
• good viscosity;
• long service life, thanks to which the owner can independently decorate the rooms in his home without unnecessary haste.

Negative features:

• acquires a yellow tint after drying;
• requires careful sanding.

Acryl-Putz is a Polish gypsum-based putty, suitable for leveling walls and preparing them for finishing decoration.

Advantages:

• price;
• perfect white color;
• versatility.

Disadvantages of Acryl-Putz:

• relatively low viscosity;
• Requires high quality polishing.

Rules for mixing dry mixtures - preparing putty with your own hands

Good performance characteristics of the solution can only be guaranteed by properly preparing it for use. To mix the putty yourself, you need to pour clean water into a plastic bucket. The amount of water should correspond to the volume of dry putty diluted in it (the ratio must be checked on the packaging). The powder is poured into a bucket of water evenly and gradually. When the putty is poured in, you need to wait about a minute for the powder to become saturated with liquid and sink to the bottom.

Next, you need to vigorously stir the solution for 60–120 seconds. It is best to use a construction mixer for this, but you can get by with improvised means. Now you need to let the solution stand again for about a minute, after which the mixing procedure is repeated. After this, we can assume that the putty is prepared for use and can be applied to the wall.

Under no circumstances should you add new components - water and putty - to the solution prepared for work. If the created volume of solution is not enough to complete the planned work, you should re-mix the putty by repeating the entire procedure described above. Next, you can use the created solution to level the wall and prepare for wallpapering.

After the putty work is completed, the wall must be sanded and coated with a primer. Priming improves the adhesion of the final decorative coating, that is, it increases the quality and reliability of the interior design as a whole.

Once upon a time, finishing work was limited to the most ordinary whitewash and wallpaper, which was glued to even the most uneven slabs. Sometimes large cracks were sealed with putty and that was all. As a result, many probably remember not the most even walls and air bubbles under the wallpaper, which could turn into unsightly tears with any careless movement.

Today, perfectly smooth surfaces are in fashion. In addition, walls are often painted or finishing material (for example, siding) is laid on them. All this requires preparatory work, which includes applying finishing putty. Thanks to this, it is possible not only to level the walls for painting or wallpaper, but also to improve the sound insulation and strength characteristics of the surface. However, before starting work, it is worth choosing the best composition and studying the types of mixtures offered on the market.

Putty composition

Today you can choose from a wide variety of materials. There are cement, gypsum and even polymer putties on sale. Each of them differs in its characteristics and composition.

Cement finishing putties

This is the most inexpensive, but at the same time reliable option. You can also prepare a mixture of cement, sand and water yourself. For such work, cement is usually chosen that is durable (not lower than grade M400). Or you can buy a ready-made dry mixture and dilute it with water. The prepared solution should not turn out to be very liquid or, conversely, thick. The main thing is that it can be applied to the wall without sliding down it.

Healthy! To prepare the mixture yourself, just mix 1 part of cement and 3-4 parts of fine-grained sand. After this, the required amount of water is added to the mixture.

If we talk about the advantages of cement putties, it is worth highlighting:

• The highest strength. Although the composition is inexpensive, no modern analog can compare in this characteristic. For example, to destroy such a layer of putty, you will have to hit the wall with a hammer.
• Moisture resistant. Cement putties are even used for swimming pools and rooms where there is constantly high humidity. They are successfully used for facade decoration, so such a layer will reliably protect from moisture inside.
• Resistance to temperature changes.

But cement putty also has many disadvantages. For example,:

• It is very difficult to apply. The solution is not particularly elastic. Even an experienced builder will need a whole day to process about 7 m2.
• Due to low elasticity, there is also a problem with grinding. It often has to be done immediately after treating the walls, while the mixture is still wet.
• Shrinkage. Often you have to re-process the walls.
• Sooner or later, cracks will appear on the treated surface.
• Cement compositions adhere rather poorly to reinforced concrete and other smooth surfaces.

Due to so many shortcomings, experts usually prefer other options.

Gypsum putties

This option is especially suitable if you plan to paint the walls. Using a white elastic composition, it is quite easy to treat surfaces. In addition, gypsum has one unique characteristic - it draws excess moisture from the air, and if the room becomes too dry, on the contrary, it releases it. Thanks to this, an optimal microclimate is created in the room.

Other advantages include:

• Creating a perfectly flat surface. There are no roughness or other minor defects on the wall.
• Plaster does not shrink and cracks will not appear on it.
• Quick drying of the composition.
• Improving thermal insulation characteristics.
• Easy to level and handle.
• Relatively low cost. Of course, gypsum will cost more than cement, but the difference is not so striking.

Gypsum has fewer disadvantages, but they still exist:

• Weak resistance to wet environments. As a rule, such mixtures are used only for dry and well-heated rooms.
• Low strength characteristics.
• If reinforced concrete is processed using gypsum putty, then you need to be prepared that such finishing will accelerate the process of corrosion formation.

Polymer putties

It is not difficult to guess that such mixtures are made on the basis of polymers. They are the most expensive, but they are easy to apply.

The mixtures themselves are divided into several categories:

• Acrylic. These are universal compositions that are suitable for concrete and brick, as well as for drywall, wood and other materials. Thanks to this mixture it is very easy to create a perfectly flat surface. Putty is used for walls and ceilings. In the latter case, it is most relevant, since the layer of material can be 1 mm. But if necessary, it can be increased without problems to smooth out more serious defects. Acrylic putty is suitable for damp rooms; it has excellent adhesion, does not smell and forms a very durable surface. Tools can be easily cleaned with plain water. The putty can be sanded and does not shrink.
• Latex. In this case, acrylic latex is used as the basis, which is considered the best option when creating a topcoat. Compositions of this type also allow the creation of very smooth surfaces. But, if you need a layer of more than 3 mm, then it is better to refuse such material, as it may crack. Latex compounds can also be used for concrete and masonry, but more often they are used for drywall.
• Polymer-cement. Essentially these are the same cement compositions to which polymer components – fiber – are added. This gives the mixture greater elasticity and strength after hardening. Such mixtures can be used in case of serious differences in walls, as they are applied in a layer of up to 2 cm.

Healthy! If you have never applied putty before, then polymer compounds are the best choice.

In addition, oil-based putties, PVA, and putty are also available for sale. But they are used extremely rarely for treating walls and ceilings. Also, when choosing a composition, it is worth considering the features of its application, since one manufacturer can offer starting, finishing and universal putties.

How does starting putty differ from finishing putty?

In this case, the compositions can be easily distinguished based on their grain size:

• Starting compositions are applied in a fairly thick layer from 3 mm to several centimeters. They contain larger granules, which makes it possible to correct quite serious defects. Typically, starting compositions are applied in several layers at once.
• The finishing putty has a smaller grain size, so that after treatment the walls do not look “loose”. Such compositions are used after applying starting mixtures. As a rule, they are applied in a layer of up to 5 mm.

In addition, there are universal compositions that can be used with minimal defects. In this case, there is no need to use first the starting putty and then the finishing putty.

Dry or ready mix

Of course, dry formulations will be cheaper. In addition, they can be stored longer. As long as the solution is not diluted, the mixture will remain unchanged (subject to proper storage). Dry mixtures are sold in packages of 5-25 kg.

To prepare the solution, you just need to add a little clean water to the mixture and mix it to a paste. The putty quickly becomes homogeneous and does not require much effort to prepare (you can do without special mixer attachments).

But you need to take into account that compositions of this type set quite quickly. This means we will have to work and correct serious flaws quickly. For the same reason, it is not recommended to mix a large batch at once. It's better to cook in small portions.

Healthy! It takes approximately 15-20 minutes to prepare the mixture.

One of the main disadvantages of such compositions is that it is not possible to immediately achieve the desired consistency. But you can get used to it quickly. And if you don’t just pour water right away, but measure it (for example, with glasses), then it’s quite easy to calculate the required proportions.

Ready-made compositions do not require wasting time on preparation, that is, just open the bucket and apply the material. No need to think about proportions and stuff. But you will have to worry about the fact that the shelf life of such mixtures is shorter. Therefore, after opening the container, it is better to use the composition quickly. Of course, such mixtures are much more expensive than dry ones.

The best finishing putties

The following are most suitable for applying to the starting composition:

• Prospectors. This is a gypsum-based finishing putty with additional additives. Suitable for wet areas. It dries quickly. Costs about 240 kg for a 12 kg bag. Sold dry. Dries in 12 hours.
• WEBER LR+. This is a polymer composition from the Vetonit company. The putty can be applied in a layer of up to 5 mm. In this case, the prepared solution may not harden for up to 48 hours. This means you won't have to rush too much. Suitable for mechanical and manual application. It costs about 840 rubles per 25 kg bag.
• Danogips Sheetrock SuperFinish. This is another plastic composition with vinyl additives. The putty is elastic and hardens quite quickly. After applying a 2 mm layer, it is enough to wait only 5 hours. But, since this is not dry, but ready-made material, it costs more - approximately 1,300 rubles for a 17-liter bucket.

If we talk specifically about painting walls, then it is worth considering the Unis Premium compositions, as well as finishing mixtures from the Knauf company. Some dry in 2-5 hours, while others take up to 15 hours.

Features of choosing a finishing putty

Finally, you should pay attention to a few more useful recommendations that will help you make your choice:

• Almost any composition is suitable for walls. However, if you are planning to decorate a bedroom, nursery, hallway or living room, then you should give preference to gypsum compositions. But for the bathroom and other wet rooms, the best option would be acrylic or cement putty.
• When it comes to finishing the ceiling, acrylic compounds are most often used, but gypsum compounds can also be suitable. Acrylic is also used when working with wood and drywall.

• For finishing walls outside, it is better to give preference to a cement or acrylic mixture.
• Raw concrete is often covered with several layers of cement putty.

Thus, today you can choose from a wide variety of different compositions. An experienced craftsman can also handle cement putty, and if the work is being carried out for the first time, it is better to give preference to more elastic compounds.

Puttying is an important link in preparing walls for finishing. Painting or wallpapering without first leveling the walls with putty is fraught with stains and deformations. The paint is absorbed unevenly, which is immediately noticeable as soon as the lighting angle changes. Because of this, paint peeling in different areas is inevitable. The defects will have to be eliminated. But with wallpaper everything will be much more complicated. Wall putty will help you avoid doing double work. Or "putty". These words have the same meaning. Let's look into the nuances.

Putty is an important step in wall finishing

Classification of wall putty by grain size

Putty is a fine-grained mixture. There are three types based on their purpose.

Starting.

Finish.

Universal.

Starter is excellent for smoothing out large cracks and irregularities at the initial stage of processing. It consists of large grains and the output has a rather rough texture. Creates the first level of finishing layer. Sets quickly and is durable. Apply in a dense layer of 0.3 to 2 cm.

According to its intended purpose, putty is divided into: starting, finishing and universal.

The finishing is distinguished by fine grain. With its help you can achieve mirror smoothness.

Placed on a pre-sanded starting layer.

When applying the finishing putty in a layer higher than 0.4 cm, it cracks and “sags.” The ideal option is a layer of 0.1 to 0.4 cm.

The finishing mixture is easy to work with when dry, but sanding the “finish” is a dusty business.

The universal one combines the best properties of the usual starting and finishing lines. For shallow unevenness, the universal option can be successfully used. As the main means for leveling walls, universal putty is also popular and provides acceptable smoothness. But to achieve an ideal result, two-level processing is still desirable. Due to its versatility, this type of putty is more expensive than starting and finishing putty.

The finishing putty has a fine grain

Types of mixtures according to degree of readiness for use

The mixtures are available dry and ready-to-use. Which putty is best for walls? The main emphasis during repair and construction work of varying complexity is on dry mixtures. Due to their low cost and ease of transportation and storage. Dry solutions have other advantages.

Loyal to temperature conditions during storage.

The solution is easy to prepare.

Different amounts of water give the composition different thicknesses.

The mixture can be dry or ready-to-use

There are also problems that will have to be encountered when using powdered mixtures.

The prepared solution should be used promptly for its intended purpose. The composition thickens within an hour maximum. Cheaper putties can thicken within 15 to 30 minutes.

If the working surface has a large volume, the solution should be prepared in batches.

Store carefully sealed in a dry place, avoiding contact of the powder mixture with moisture.

One of the first recommendations when using dry powder is to bring the composition to a homogeneous mass. It is best to use a construction mixer or drill when mixing, since it is difficult to achieve the desired consistency by hand.

The mixture must be mixed with a construction mixer.

Putties, ready for use

The finished solution is a thick suspension on a latex or dispersion base. Sold in plastic buckets. Retains its properties and does not thicken during storage due to special chemical additives.

About the benefits.

Even an opened solution can be stored for a long time without loss of quality.

Plastic.

Does not require additional ingredients before use.

The price of the material increases in proportion to the capabilities. This can be considered a disadvantage of ready-to-use solutions.

This option will be more expensive compared to dry powders

Classification by composition

The division of putties by composition is determined by the material from which they are made. There are gypsum and cement dry mixtures, as well as ready-to-use polymer-based putties. The latter are divided into acrylic and latex. Finishing specialists choose which putty is best based on the task at hand. After all, certain types of wall putty can only be used for finishing the room, and not outside, and there are also special compositions intended for use exclusively on wood.

You need to choose a putty based on the task at hand.

Gypsum base

This is a white putty, the gypsum for which is made from marble flour or quartz sand. When using marble flour as a filler, manufacturers achieve the thinnest possible layer of application. As a rule, this is the final look with layer leveling accuracy of a fraction of a millimeter. Quartz-sand gypsum produces a larger particle size. Starting type mixtures are created from this material. The material on plaster in the vast majority of people’s minds is what we used to call putty.

Gypsum putty is applied in a very thin layer and serves as a finishing coating.

Gypsum putty is an excellent product for finishing the walls of residential premises, both for painting and for wallpaper. In addition to versatility and odorlessness, it has another positive property that few people know about. It can positively influence the indoor microclimate. Absorbs excess moisture from the surrounding atmosphere and returns it when humidity drops. This ability of a material is called hygroscopicity. But this same property makes it undesirable to use gypsum putty on the outside.

Gypsum putty is an excellent option for finishing walls.

Cement base

Cement plus lime mortar - this was the recipe used to knead putty using a homemade method during Soviet times. The level of cement-based mortars for wall finishing has increased today. Cement is now available in different qualities. And, the higher the class of the raw material, the thinner the layer of putty you can apply to the surface. Some manufacturers add antifreeze to cement, which ultimately makes the material frost-resistant. The negative side of this type is the high degree of shrinkage. Over time, cracks may appear. Cement-based mortar should not be used to work with wood and plastic textures.

The negative side of this type is the high degree of shrinkage

Polymer acrylic putties

The main disadvantage of an acrylic base is its high price. Otherwise there are a lot of advantages. This ready-to-use mixture based on synthetic acrylic has a more uniform and viscous consistency, does not shrink or crack. Cement and gypsum lose out in this case. In addition, the acrylic mixture is suitable for work both indoors and outdoors. If the putty in the bucket has dried out, you can slightly moisten it with cold water, which will return the stagnant material to its former elasticity.

This type of raw material is very expensive compared to others

Polymer latex putties

Absorbs all the advantages of acrylic. And also has the most important difference with a “plus” sign from all other types. The latex-based composition provides adhesion to metal.

This putty provides good adhesion to metal.

Working with drywall under wallpaper

The very name of the surface material contains the answer to the question of which putty is best to level such walls. The structure of drywall contains gypsum. This means that we choose gypsum for wall treatment. An important thing: we coat the seams between the sheets with the starting one, and the surface itself with the finishing one.

For puttying drywall, it is better to choose a gypsum mixture

Puttying different surfaces

If we are dealing with brick, cement or concrete, then when working it is advisable to use cement in two levels: starting and finishing. The choice of putty used will depend on the class of cement in the composition. For finishing plasterboard surfaces, the ideal option is gypsum. Gypsum can also be used on other surfaces. If funds allow, then feel free to use a polymer putty to level the putty. If the walls are being treated for painting, then it is best to use ready-made solutions.

For tools, stock up on a set of spatulas, a drill with an attachment or an industrial mixer, a mixing container, sandpaper or a hand sander, a roller, a brush and a primer tray.

Video: Puttying walls - Master class

Video: Do-it-yourself wall putty

Plaster helps smooth out significant unevenness and deviations from the vertical of walls (from 5 to 60 mm), and seal cracks and seams. It creates a strong, even, but slightly rough foundation for further work. And smoothness is achieved through thin-layer leveling with putty paste. Let's figure out which putty to choose for repairs.

All about putty pastes

What are putty mixtures made of?

The product contains three main components. First, an astringent powdery substance. After mixing with water, it turns into a paste and then into a solid state. Secondly, the filler, which is most often ground marble, limestone, and chalk. And thirdly, modifying additives that improve the properties of the solution. By the name you can immediately understand which substance in this product is the binder: in cement - cement, in gypsum - gypsum, in polymer - polymers.

Cement

Cement mortars create a durable, water-resistant layer, and therefore are good for decorating facades, walls and ceilings in bathrooms and other rooms with high humidity levels. They will become a reliable basis for facing with ceramic tiles and porcelain stoneware. It becomes clear which one to choose for the bathroom. However, the cement layer often shrinks or cracks during the drying process, especially if the work technology is violated.

Gypsum

Gypsum pastes, unlike cement pastes, are afraid of moisture and do not like temperature changes. However, they form a smoother surface and dry quickly without shrinking or cracking. Plaster on walls and ceilings allows air to pass through well. This leveling compound is suitable for dry rooms. It is used for wallpaper or painting.

Polymers

Polymer solutions combine the advantages of gypsum and cement. They create a durable and smooth surface and are used for the same purposes as gypsum - at the final stage of preparing the base of walls and ceilings in dry rooms before gluing wallpaper or painting.

Due to their high plasticity, polymer products are easily distributed over the plane and level out its smallest irregularities even when applying a very thin layer (up to 0.2 mm). When choosing a leveler, take into account the operational characteristics of the coating and the type of finishing.

Polymers form the thinnest and smoothest leveling layer, since they have the smallest filler fractions (0.05–0.2 mm). They are divided into base, finishing and universal compositions. For the former, the minimum thickness is 1 mm, for the latter - 0.2 mm.

For example, specialists from the Saint-Gobain company recommend using the finishing polymer product weber.vetonit LR+ for final leveling of walls and ceilings. To make the base absolutely smooth - weber.vetonit LR Pasta (after drying, treat with sandpaper (grain size - P320–P400 and finer). The thickness range of universal products is wider. Thus, the KNAUF-Polymer Finish solution can be applied in a layer from 0.5 to 5 mm and used as a base or finishing layer.

Polymer pastes are used for leveling a wide variety of bases: monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete, plaster and gypsum blocks, cement, cement-sand and cement-lime plasters, gypsum plasters, structures made of gypsum fiber sheets (GVL), glass-magnesite sheets (SML), plasterboard sheets ( GKL). Polymer preparations do not always level out gypsum board joints well. Some manufacturers recommend using specialized mixtures for this purpose that have increased resistance to cracking, such as Knauf-Fugen gypsum or weber.vetonit JS polymer.

After mixing with water, polymer pastes retain their declared properties incomparably longer than cement and gypsum pastes. They can be used within 15-24 hours. And the storage time is 7 days, like Plitonit KP Pro (MC-Bauchemie) and Litofinish Fine (Litokol). Of course, during long breaks in work, the container with the mass must be tightly closed. If the solution has become viscous (within the pot life), it is thoroughly mixed without adding water. Please note: manufacturer-specified drying times may vary due to various factors. Let's say that at lower temperatures it increases. Finishing work is carried out after the leveling layer has dried.

Types of material

Dry and wet mixtures

Available in the form of dry powders or as a finished product. In the first case, the contents of the package are poured into a container with water, observing the proportions specified by the manufacturer (usually about 0.3 liters per 1 kg of powder). Then stir with a construction mixer at low speed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Let it brew for 5-10 minutes and repeat the procedure until a homogeneous, lump-free solution is obtained.

The finished mass is mixed in production in special homogenizers, which guarantee the homogeneity of the solution and the absence of lumps, unmixed substances, and clots. By the way, filler of the smallest fractions (0.02-0.1 mm) is used to make the product. When applied, the thinnest, most even layer is formed, which ensures optimal consumption.

If you use inexpensive options, sometimes when combining an already puttied area with a new one, a noticeable and difficult to process joint can form. High-quality solutions are distinguished by high plasticity: the mixture stretches behind a spatula and is easily leveled. Craftsmen value them for their ease of application and perfect mixing of layers, which subsequently guarantees uniform and economical distribution of paint. All tools used during puttying must be made only from stainless materials.

Purpose of the material

Each product is designed to solve specific problems. Based on this, compositions are distinguished.

Starting

A coarse filler is used. The solution is capable of covering the largest defects in the base and can be laid on either concrete surfaces. It is applied in one or several layers with a thickness of each about 10 mm. To increase the adhesion strength between the layers, it is recommended to install a reinforcing mesh.

Finishing

Fine-grained material, the main task of which is the final leveling of the plane. Apply a fairly thin layer of 3-4 mm. Unable to close large defects. Used after the initial coating or on a base without noticeable flaws.

Universal

Combines the capabilities of finishing and starting mass. Can be used instead of any of them. It is very easy to apply and dries quickly. The result is a durable, even coating. The price is higher than that of analogues.

Specialized

Used only for certain areas of work. For example, for puttingtying joints or concrete floors, for filling “problem” cracks, etc. The composition is selected based on existing conditions. Apply in strict accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

What is the best way to putty walls under wallpaper and paint?

Wallpaper

The base for decorative panels should not have any imperfections, even the smallest ones. Therefore, in any case, puttying is necessary. You can choose a material based on any binder. Cement is best used for damp rooms where temperature changes are frequent. Recommendations on which putty to choose for a bathroom always include cement.

Gypsum is better suited for dry rooms because it does not tolerate moisture. It is very flexible, easy to use, and completely safe. Therefore, it fits in children's rooms, bedrooms, living rooms, etc. A universal option is polymer pastes. They are plastic, durable, and not afraid of moisture. They level the base well and fit on any base. They are more often used under paint, since cheaper material can be found under wallpaper.

It is necessary to determine the best way to putty the base under the wallpaper based on the condition of the surface. If there are significant defects in the form of cracks, dents or chips, it is optimal to use a cement mixture as a leveler. She will cope well with such flaws. It will need to be finished with a plaster compound. If the base has minor unevenness, a universal plaster product will do.

Dye

Pastes can simply fill in depressions and uneven areas without forming a layer. Such leveling - super-finishing - is usually necessary before applying glossy ones, which show even minor defects in the underlying base. Therefore, when in doubt which putty to choose for painting, it is better to take polymers. no additional processing required. This is a serious misconception. Seams and caps from fasteners will be noticeable under thin panels, especially under painting. In addition, if the decor is intended to be light, the base may be visible through it. Therefore, puttying is necessary. In addition, during subsequent repairs it will make it easier to remove old paintings.

For drywall, it is important which finishing putty you choose. Starter or universal are not needed. Be sure to choose the right paste. First, the joints must be puttied; they can be additionally reinforced. After drying, a continuous layer is laid. If this is not enough, one or two more are applied. Each of which must dry well before the next one is applied.

Which putty to choose for walls and ceilings

The main criterion when selecting a product is the condition of the surface where it is to be laid. The surface for further finishing should be smooth, without the slightest dents, cracks or other defects. In addition, you should consider a few more recommendations:

• Dry compounds should be chosen by experienced plasterers. For beginners, it is better to choose a mass ready for puttying. True, its cost will be higher.
• If you have doubts about choosing the type of material, buy a universal coating. It is well suited for any job.
• It is advisable to carefully consider the product before purchasing. The presence of unusual inclusions indicates low quality.
• The color of the coating is also important, especially when a light finish is intended. In this case, the powder or paste should only be white.

We figured out which putty to choose for the ceiling or walls. This should be done based on the condition of the rough coating. The best choice is usually mixtures based on gypsum or polymers. They are flexible, easy to install, fit well on any material and are economical in consumption. According to reviews, they are the ones that are most in demand.