Waterproofing a balcony: secrets, effective methods and useful tips. How and how to waterproof a balcony Insulating a balcony from rain

Modern balconies have ceased to be storage rooms, warehouses and those rooms in which the oldest and completely unnecessary trash was stored. Now these small rooms have begun to be used in exactly the same way as the space inside the apartment. In other words, the balcony and loggia have become full-fledged rooms that can be converted into your office, combined with a living room, or simply made into a pleasant place where you can relax, drink a cup of coffee or read a book.

Waterproofing a balcony or loggia is mandatory process, if its improvement is planned. When insulating premises from the inside, it is waterproofing that allows repairs to be carried out correctly and without violating technology. Waterproofing prevents moisture from entering from the street and causing mold and other problems.

In addition, there are a number of understandable reasons why you should not skip this moment during finishing work:

If the ceiling is leaking, you will soon have to deal with damage to the finishing of the balcony. Any decorative panel, or even more so wallpaper, will begin to peel off and deteriorate over time.
If holes on the balcony leak, then corrosion on the metal structure begins very quickly.
By eliminating the penetration of moisture inside, you can avoid the formation of fungus, which not only spoils the aesthetics of the room, but is also dangerous to health.
Due to constant dampness, the integrity of the supporting structures on the balcony is compromised, which over time makes it unsafe for use.

Specialized impregnations are used for concrete and wood. They deep penetration and are embedded in the structure of the canvas, which preserves its integrity and prevents water from getting inside. Wood processing should be done only in the warm season, so that the material can dry completely.

For wood, it is better to choose acrylic impregnation or one based on drying oil.

Paste-type waterproofing is rolled materials that are rolled out overlapping over the entire surface of the balcony and loggia. Where the fabric is joined, gluing the layers with a special moisture-resistant mastic is required.

How to waterproof a balcony roof

Some people think that you can waterproof the outside and that will be enough, however, when water leaks through the gap, this is not the worst thing. Moisture can even penetrate through microscopic cracks in the floor, walls and roof. If the balcony is made of wood, in particular, we are talking about wooden house, then the material is initially treated with an antiseptic. This prevents, again, mold and mildew, as well as drying out and loss of proper appearance. Some craftsmen advise choosing liquid rubber as a base, and only then laying the material, regardless of the type.

Sealing of a balcony roof with a bay window is required to prevent:

Dampness;
Drafts;
Leakage.

Installing ceiling waterproofing begins with sealing holes and cracks in the polyurethane based. If the cracks are too large, then the use of polyurethane foam and polyethylene filler is required.

In addition, waterproofing the top slab, either with your own hands or with the help of a professional, is carried out through the use of a special penetrating composition.

The material penetrates deep inside and there forms a durable sheet of waterproofing crystals. After the primer has dried, you can lay polystyrene foam or any other insulation material and even tiles.

We seal the balcony

It is worth noting that the improvement of a balcony, especially an open one, begins with glazing. Only in this way can the concept of leakage of water and other sediments be eliminated. After this, step-by-step instructions are carried out without violations, so that later you do not have to redo the repair again.

Instructions:

Sealing the room begins with preparing the surfaces. They are cleaned of debris, dust and dirt.
If there are destructions of the slabs or too large openings, they are eliminated.
If there is an old decorative coating, it should be removed.

Each stage is carried out carefully, carefully and without haste. This is required in order not to damage the integrity of the slab coatings and so that they do not crack, since in this case additional renovation work, means and strength. When dismantling the balcony floor, remove the covering from the floor very carefully. A full inspection of the concrete slab is carried out for cracks and potholes. You need to clean the concrete with a stiff brush so that there is no small debris.

Using a grinder, you need to widen the cracks, if they are small, and if they are large, then they are leveled, which allows you to fill the floor with screed more evenly and thoroughly.

If the reinforcement is visible, then the concrete is removed and the reinforcement is cleaned of rust, and it is better to carry out mechanical cleaning. The concrete surface is being restored. It is necessary to inspect the roof of the balcony and find problem areas through which moisture and water can penetrate. All partitions, ledges and ceilings are cleaned of debris, glue and paint residues.

Proper waterproofing of balcony slabs

Waterproofing a balcony in a private wooden house or an ordinary multi-apartment panel house is generally no different. The most important thing is to choose the right materials, which may differ.

The difference is in:

Properties;
Method of application;
Cost;
Service life.

Laying waterproofing - not too much difficult process, and it is quite possible to do it yourself without turning to a master. If the base of the roof, walls or floor is concrete, then a special penetrating compound is needed. For polyurethane surfaces, as well as for brick and stone, coating mixtures are used, and the compositions must have an increased degree of moisture resistance.

Cast waterproofing is carried out by using a polymer composition heated to a liquid state, which is used to pour exclusively the floor.

The material has excellent moisture resistance, but it is very easy to deform. Painted waterproofing is applied like a regular dye, which prevents the penetration of moisture. The method is not expensive, simple, but there are many disadvantages. When working with wood, you will need to constantly paint it. Negative temperature Such insulation does not tolerate water and dampness at all and, during sudden cold snaps, can lose its properties.

How to waterproof a loggia from the inside

It is very important to waterproof the surface of the floor, walls and ceiling, whether in a country house or in an apartment. This is especially required for premises in apartment buildings which are located on the first floor. It is waterproofing, done correctly, that will prevent the penetration of dampness and moisture from the basement, which often causes the formation of mold and mildew. In order for the repair to be carried out according to all the rules, you need to prepare the necessary tools.

Namely, it is desirable to have:

Jackhammer;
Hammer;
Angle grinder;
Synthetic bristle brushes;
Metal brush;
Basin made of soft plastic;
Trowels;
Measuring container.

Do-it-yourself balcony waterproofing (video)

The options for materials and waterproofing methods discussed above are affordable and easy to work with. If you follow the technology correctly, you can achieve excellent result in the shortest possible time and at low cost. In the absence of even a small stock of knowledge on repair and finishing works, it is better to choose a specialist, since illiterate waterproofing and other actions can lead to the harmful consequences described above.

If previously almost all citizens used the balcony to store old and unnecessary things, now the situation has changed. Apartment owners are trying to get additional living space, so they are converting the balcony space. Some residents install a roof, others install glazing, others insulate the space, etc. However, this is not enough to obtain a full-fledged living space. Balcony waterproofing is required.

Why do you need waterproofing for a balcony?

The balcony is more susceptible to the negative influence of weather conditions than other areas of the apartment. Waterproofing will protect the space from unpleasant humidity, fungus and dampness. If you use high-quality waterproofing materials and carry out the work correctly, you can provide reliable protection to the walls, ceiling and roof of your balcony.

In the vast majority of cases (95%) the balcony base is concrete slab. High-quality waterproofing of an open balcony makes it possible to increase the service life of a structure exposed to an aggressive environment by one and a half times. If this is not done, you may incur financial losses in the future.

Because reinforced concrete has a porous structure, and there is an embedded material inside it metal element. At sub-zero temperature water enters these pores and begins to break off metal microparticles. Corrosion occurs and the metal is destroyed. Waterproofing prevents destructive processes.

It is performed for floor slabs (processed from below and above), parapet (at the same time vapor insulation is done), and roof (the rafter system is processed).

If you understand the importance of this operation, let's move on and see how to waterproof a balcony in accordance with existing technology.

Materials for waterproofing balconies

First, let's look at the necessary materials.

It all depends on the finish balcony design. If the surface of the balcony is made of concrete/wood, penetrating compounds are used. If polyurethane/stone/tiles are present, use coating material.

Varieties waterproofing materials the following:

Cast insulation;
Pasted insulation;
Paint insulation;
Impregnation.

Any of these materials will perfectly protect the balcony space from negative influence water/moisture.

Cast insulation has a water-repellent composition. When choosing it, a heated polymer is used. It is used to treat the floor of the balcony. It can quickly become damaged and lose its integrity.

By adhesive insulation we mean material in the form of a roll. It is overlapped over the entire balcony surface. Joints are treated with special mastic. To give waterproofing strength and effectiveness, it is laid in several layers.

Paint insulation is characterized by ease of use. Another plus is the low cost of the material. However, we do not recommend using it for wooden surface. At sub-zero temperatures it may crack and the waterproofing layer will have to be renewed.

An excellent material for waterproofing wood/concrete surfaces is impregnation. It penetrates inside and ensures the safety of the structure. However, when treating a wooden surface, warm and dry weather is required. The applied impregnation should dry well.

Preparatory work for waterproofing a balcony

Having chosen the material, we get to work. You can entrust it to a specialist, but waterproofing a balcony does not require special qualifications; you can do it yourself and reduce the repair budget.

Except preparatory stage, there are three more: treatment of the floor, the interior surface of the room, the canopy/roof/gutters.

Preparation includes the following types works:

We dismantle the old covering;
We analyze the condition of the concrete base, identifying areas of unsuitability;
We remove them with a punch;
We clean the surface of debris with a stiff brush and remove any remaining cement/old glue;
We treat cracks with a grinder. This is necessary so that the new screed fills all kinds of voids. A small crack we expand, large ones - we trim;
We clean the exposed reinforcement rust chemical compounds and remove the remaining concrete;
We coat the fittings with an anti-corrosion compound;
We prime the floor surface;
Fill the holes with cement-sand mortar;
We inspect the roof of the balcony and determine possible places of water penetration;
Clean the surface of the ceiling/walls;
We apply a primer with a waterproofing material.

Waterproofing the floor on the balcony

Waterproofing the floor prevents moisture from penetrating from below. This is especially important for owners of apartments located on the first floors of buildings. The moisture may come from the basement/ground. We clear the floor of debris/dust and create a concrete screed. If the balcony is open, its slope must be 2% so that water flows freely from the surface. Metal mesh we reinforce the screed.

All seams that appear during the work process are filled with mastic 50% to seal. We clean the screed from debris/dust and apply WB primer to it to ensure good adhesion. We cover the moistened concrete with several layers of polyurethane mastic.

We wait for the insulation to dry and lay it overlapping vapor barrier material made from foil. This way we prevent the formation of condensation. Put it on top wooden frame. It is attached to it with self-tapping screws OSB board. Finishing work– installation of finishing material on the balcony floor.

The thickness of the waterproofing should not be less than 20 mm and must extend up to 200 mm onto the walls.

Waterproofing the wall on the balcony

Before carrying out waterproofing work, use a grinder to select U-shaped grooves in interpanel seams and seal them with Hermoplast. This way we eliminate leakage through microcracks. Then we attach the decorative coverings.

Then we glue the foil-coated polystyrene foam tightly to the wall. Second option - regular foam, which we cover with a layer vapor barrier film. Joints form between sheets of foam. We seal them. To reliably protect against moisture, apply 2 layers of mastic.

Partitions

It is possible that there are additional partitions/other structures on your balcony. Then they should also be waterproofed. The operating principle is similar.

Waterproofing the ceiling on the balcony

We clean the ceiling slab and treat it with an antiseptic to protect the structure from the formation of fungal mold. Then the surface is treated with a coating/penetrating insulating compound. We seal all the cracks and cracks in the ceiling with silicone.

We fill the joints of the wall with the floor slabs with sealant. When finishing the roof with tiles/metal tiles, each joint is additionally treated with polyurethane mastic. It has good adhesion and is easy to apply to damp skin. ceiling surface. We recommend two layers of mastic. The second layer should be perpendicular to the first. After the first layer, the waterproofing layer is reinforced with mesh. We give the mastic 3 days so that it dries well and hardens. This will create a durable crystalline protective layer.

For residents of the top floors, we recommend laying a layer of roofing material on top of the balcony roof or covering it roofing mastic. We recommend calling specialists to waterproof your roof. We do not recommend doing this work yourself. This is life-threatening.

Waterproofing a wooden balcony

Waterproofing wooden balcony involves treating the boards with a special antiseptic to prevent excessive moisture and the appearance of fungus on the surface. It is allowed to cover the floor with a wall liquid rubber onto the base followed by processing with finishing material.

Waterproofing helps prevent the development of mold and reduce the decorative value of the tree. The material will begin to lose strength and attractiveness. The coating will become deformed and it will be impossible to return it to its original state. appearance. Waterproofing a wooden balcony will prevent swelling and prevent cracks from appearing, which will lead to the destruction of the structure.

The technology of work depends on functional purpose balcony and its view.

In this article we looked at the process of self-waterproofing a balcony. We hope that you will be able to use the specified technology.

This room will make it possible to increase the service life of the power structure, which is under the influence of an aggressive environment, by 1.5 times. Moreover, waterproofing the balcony with your own hands will reduce the repair budget. This article will help you do the job in accordance with existing technology.

Reinforced concrete is distinguished by the fact that it has a porous structure, and an embedded metal element is located inside its body. Water entering these pores expands at sub-zero temperatures and breaks off metal microparticles. As a result, it gradually deteriorates due to corrosion. For this reason, well-done waterproofing of the balcony will prevent destructive processes. So, waterproofing is necessary for:

floor slabs - double-sided processing is performed on top and bottom;
parapet - in addition to waterproofing, vapor barrier is also performed;
canopy/roof – the rafter system is processed.

The presence of waterproofing will prevent the appearance of moisture in the indoor air.

Even home craftsmen can perform such work without special qualifications. Below we invite you to consider possible materials, which can be used for waterproofing.

The choice of waterproofing material largely depends on the finishing option for your balcony. For example, a coating material is used for surfaces made of tiles, stone or polyurethane. For surfaces made of wood or concrete - penetrating compounds. Any selected waterproofing material will completely prevent premature destruction and high humidity.

There are several types of waterproofing materials, each of them has its own positive aspects:

Cast insulation. This type of finish serves as a water-repellent compound. However, it can very quickly become damaged and lose its integrity. When choosing this insulation, a heated polymer is usually used, which is used to treat the floor of the balcony/loggia.
Pasted insulation. In this case it applies roll material, which is laid overlapping over the entire surface of the balcony. The joints are treated with a layer of special mastic. To increase the strength and effectiveness of this waterproofing, several layers are usually installed.
Paint insulation. This method is low cost and easy to use. However, if it is applied to a wooden surface, a number of disadvantages of this technology are revealed. As a result, sooner or later it will be necessary to update the waterproofing layer. In some cases, at sub-zero temperatures the coating may completely crack.
Impregnation. This material penetrates deeply into concrete or wood, ensuring the safety of the structure. As for the treatment of wooden surfaces, impregnation is applied only in dry and warm weather. This is necessary so that the material can dry.

In one area or another, prices for waterproofing material may vary. Therefore, in each individual case, choose the material available to you.

Having settled on one of the waterproofing materials, you can get to work. The process itself looks like this:

Floor treatment.
Treatment of the entire interior surface of the room.
Treatment of canopy, roofing, gutters.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with step by step instructions performing waterproofing work.

First of all, a number of preparatory work should be carried out:

Carefully dismantle the old flooring.
Afterwards, analyze the condition of the concrete base. It is important to identify places where it has become unusable, for example, concrete has begun to crumble into pieces.
Using a hammer drill, remove all loose areas.
Remove all remaining debris from the floor with a stiff brush. As a result, the surface must be thoroughly cleaned.
If there are remnants of old glue or cement on the floor surface, they should be removed.
If there are cracks, then treat them with a grinder. In this case, the new screed will qualitatively fill all possible voids. So, if the crack is small, then slightly widen it. And if the hole is large, then trim the edges.
If there is exposed reinforcement, then remove the remaining concrete from it and clean off the rust. For cleaning, you can use chemical compounds. This will completely clean the metal of contaminants.
Now you can coat the reinforcement with an anti-corrosion compound.
To restore a concrete surface, prime the floor surface and fill the holes with cement-sand mortar.
It is also necessary to inspect the roof of the balcony. Determine where water can penetrate from.
Next, you should clean the surface of the ceiling and walls from old decoration, glue and possible plaster.
Then apply primer and waterproofing material.

If you live on the ground floor, then waterproofing the loggia floor is a necessary measure. It will prevent the penetration of moisture from the basement and soil. So, first of all, seal all the side seams. Pre-clean the floor of debris and dust. concrete surface treat with penetrating waterproofing. When the insulation has dried, a foil vapor barrier material is laid overlapping. This will prevent condensation from occurring on the walls of the balcony.

A wooden frame is laid on top, onto which the OSB board is fastened with self-tapping screws. Finally, the finishing material you have chosen is installed on the floor.

Just like the floor, the ceiling also needs waterproofing. To do this, the slab is treated with a coating or penetrating insulation compound. Afterwards, all existing cracks in the ceiling must be sealed well. You can use silicone for this. If you live in top floor, then a layer of roofing material is laid on top of the balcony roof or covered with roofing mastic. The connections between the floor slab and the wall are carefully filled with sealant. If metal tiles or tiles are used to finish the roof, then each joint is additionally treated with mastic.

If there are partitions or other structures on the balcony, then their waterproofing is carried out according to the same principle as the ceiling and floor. For example, the walls can be additionally covered with polystyrene foam. It should be glued well to the wall. A coating or penetrating composition can be used as waterproofing.

If the balcony is made entirely of wood, then waterproofing work mainly consists of treating the boards with a special antiseptic. This is done to prevent the appearance of fungus on the surface. In some cases, it is enough to cover the floor and walls with liquid rubber on the base. Afterwards the floors are treated with finishing material.

So, we looked at how to waterproof a balcony on your own. We hope that this technology will be within your power. And if you have questions, you can ask our expert. Also if you have own experience in carrying out work of this kind, then write about it in the comments to this article.

Video

You can learn more about how to waterproof a balcony and loggia from the video:

Today, a balcony or loggia is not used as a storage room where various unnecessary things are stored. Every family tries. and for this it is not enough. If you do not waterproof the balcony from the inside, seal it and vapor barrier, you may incur considerable financial losses in the future. What these works are and how to perform them correctly you will learn from this article.

Balcony waterproofing

Waterproofing– protection building materials and structures from the destructive effects of water. Absence results waterproofing coatings can be seen on the balconies of the upper floors, which do not have a roof or glazing, onto which water constantly flows from the roof. On closed balconies and loggias, moisture gets inside due to poorly performed sealing work.

Concrete destruction is observed at the junction points balcony slab to the façade, its edges are heavily crumbled and cracks and shells are often visible on the surface.

What needs to be done to avoid such a situation? One of mandatory conditions– waterproof the balcony (loggia) with sealing of the seams.

You can use the services of specialists, but this is justified for external work on the upper floors. It is quite possible to waterproof a balcony from the inside with your own hands. It is necessary to pay attention to the sealing of all seams, regardless of their condition.

First, let's look at what waterproofing a balcony or loggia is.

The diagram below shows that when carrying out these works, waterproofing mastic creates a protective layer, and sealing of seams and restoration of damaged parts of the balcony slab is carried out using sealants.

Conditional diagram of waterproofing a balcony slab

Materials used in waterproofing work are divided into several types:

Coating compositions – bitumen-polymer, cement-polymer, bitumen-rubber. They form an elastic coating that requires a screed on top.
Penetrating compounds are the most durable and popular. Apply to a damp surface and fill all cracks. They also increase the strength of building materials by 15-20%. But it can only be used for waterproofing concrete surfaces.
Pasting materials – polymer (vinyl plastic, polyethylene) and non-polymer (fiberglass, roofing felt). They are rarely used for waterproofing balconies (loggias), since working with them is expensive and labor-intensive.

Let's consider step by step how to waterproof a balcony and loggia together with sealing.

Waterproofing the floor

Work begins with execution concrete screed. For an open balcony, it is necessary to make a screed with a slope of 2%. It is necessary for the free flow of water from the surface of the slab. The screed is reinforced with metal mesh.

When making a screed, three types of seams are required:

Compensation – formed when laying the pressure layer. Another name is temperature.
Forced - seams dividing the screed into squares.
Wall-mounted – located at the junction of the balcony slab with the façade slab.

Subsequently, the seams are filled 50% with mastic for sealing, into which an elastic cord is pressed.

The screed is cleaned of dust and debris, and a primer is applied to it for better adhesion. One of the best is Primer WB.

Apply several layers of polyurethane mastic (for example Hyperdesmo RV) to the moistened concrete. The final thickness of insulation on the floor of a balcony or loggia must be at least 20 mm.

In addition to the floor, the waterproofing layer should extend up to 150-200 mm onto the walls.

Application of polyurethane waterproofing to the floor of a balcony (loggia)

Waterproofing the loggia from the inside using polystyrene foam and vapor barrier film

Sealing and waterproofing the balcony ceiling from the inside

After glazing a balcony or loggia during precipitation, we sometimes see an unpleasant picture - the balcony is leaking. This could happen if the ceiling and roof of the balcony (loggia) were not sealed and waterproofed.

If the balconies are poorly sealed, the joints of the windows leak, the roof leaks from above, and the floors flood. How to fix this defect?

From the inside, all work to eliminate leaks can be done independently. We seal all seams. We use polyurethane sealant Germoplast or Emfi. Before covering the defects, we use a grinder to cut out the seams and cracks, clean them of dust and moisten them with water. We also pay attention to dark spots on the ceiling - in these places there may be microcracks through which water also flows. We also cut them and seal them.

Sealing seams with polyurethane sealant

Next we will examine (the loggias). Often frames are installed with violations of technology. These defects will have to be corrected yourself. Otherwise, after sealing and waterproofing the ceiling, we will constantly observe how water flows through the cracks in the glazing.

When installing glazing, use polyurethane foam. Under influence ultraviolet rays the foam collapses, water flows freely through these seams. It is necessary to partially remove the outer layer of foam and fill the formed groove with a hydro-swelling elastic cord. When exposed to moisture, the cord expands in volume and prevents water from leaking in this area.

Leaking at the bottom of the loggia frames due to poor sealing

We begin waterproofing the ceiling by cleaning the entire surface and treating it with an antiseptic (for example, Dali). Then we seal cracks and chips using the technology described above.

For the ceiling, it is better to use polyurethane mastic Elastomix or Elastopaz. They have good adhesion and applying it to a damp ceiling surface is not very difficult.

The ceiling is covered with mastic in two layers - the direction of the second is perpendicular to the first. The waterproofing layer is reinforced with mesh after the first layer. To create a durable crystalline protective layer, it is necessary to allow the mastic to harden for 3 days.

When sheets of foil polystyrene foam are glued to the ceiling - it also acts as a vapor barrier. The seams between them are also sealed.

Roof waterproofing

It is not always possible to completely seal and waterproof a loggia with your own hands. We are talking about the upper floors - the roof of the loggia is leaking and external work is required. Who should fix the leak? You cannot do this kind of work yourself - it is very dangerous. What to do in this case? It is necessary to invite specialists.

How waterproofing and sealing work on balconies (loggias) is carried out can be seen in the video on the Internet.

Conclusion

Now we know that waterproofing protects the balcony (loggia) from premature destruction under the influence of water, and sealing eliminates any leakage, preventing moisture from reaching unprotected surfaces.

As you can see, you can do it yourself using modern materials, carry out sealing and waterproofing work on the loggia and balcony. Protect them from even small leaks and dampness.

Which can be used at any time for different purposes.

A modern balcony is no longer a storage room for storing unnecessary things that do not fit in the house - it is, rather, full room, and its functional purpose may be different. Someone arranges here, someone - cozy place for relaxation, or even a full-fledged office. However, such a transformation requires repairs, which means you will need to waterproof the balcony yourself.

Why waterproof?

If you ignore the need for waterproofing, then very soon your wonderful renovation on the balcony will become unusable due to the accumulation of large quantity moisture. After all, even durable concrete floors cannot fully withstand precipitation and low temperatures. If you do not carry out waterproofing or carry out work in violation of technology, then the following troubles await you:

spoilage quickly spectacular finishing balcony - any decorative panels get wet and begin to peel off;
metal elements will corrode;
a favorable environment for growth will be created, which will cause an unpleasant odor to appear on the balcony;
The integrity of the supporting structures of the balcony may be compromised, making it dangerous to be here.

Important: Even on open balcony waterproofing can bring positive results. The roof and floor, seams and concrete lintels should be properly waterproofed, as well as the external cornice should be equipped. But it’s better if the work is carried out on glassed balcony(double glazing).

Rules for preparing for waterproofing

Waterproofing is not only work to “improve” the floor and ceiling, but also carefully sealing seams and installing external cornices. However, all this work requires thorough surface preparation. Before waterproofing, all damaged areas must be removed and dismantled. decorative coating. The sequence of work is as follows:

The floor covering of the balcony is dismantled with extreme care - it will be used later.
The concrete slab is inspected for the presence of peeling and crumbling areas.
Loose areas of concrete are carefully removed using a hammer drill.
Concrete is cleaned of dirt and dust, which will require brushes with hard bristles. The result is a strong and clean foundation.
Remains of cement or glue are carefully removed.
With the help of an angle grinder they expand small cracks, and large ones level out. This will allow the future screed to fill all elements of the floor structure. The formed grooves are thoroughly cleaned of debris.
Fragments of concrete are removed from the exposed reinforcement, after which it is thoroughly cleaned of rust accumulations. It is better to use not a mechanical one, but chemical method, since the metal must become really clean.
The fittings are completely coated with an anti-corrosion compound.
Recovering concrete covering- for these purposes they can be used as special compositions intended for quick repair, and standard cement mortar.
The roof of the balcony is carefully inspected and its problem areas are identified, where moisture penetrates most of all.
The roof and partitions are thoroughly cleaned of debris, dust, paint and glue, and also moistened.

What materials are needed for balcony waterproofing?

Waterproofing a balcony with your own hands requires the use of appropriate materials. Yes, for concrete foundations penetrating compounds will be required, and for surfaces made of polyurethane, brick or stone, a coating mixture is used.

Important: Both the coating and penetrating compositions you choose must have a high degree of moisture resistance.

Each type of insulation has its own area of use, features and advantages. Highlight following types materials:

Carrying out work on vertical balcony surfaces

If work is being carried out on waterproofing vertical balcony partitions, then foil polystyrene foam can be used - it is glued using the appropriate construction mixture with increased moisture and frost resistance. On top of this coating is already treated with a waterproofing compound ( coating waterproofing). Before applying the solution the surface must be moistened, after which the first layer of waterproofing is applied using a brush (in one direction, thickness about 1 millimeter). After 5 hours, a second layer is applied, and it is placed perpendicular to the first. Average consumption mixtures for waterproofing vertical surfaces - 1.7 kilograms per square meter. meter.

You should also lay the joints between the tiles with reinforcing mesh (a mesh with cells of about 5 mm is good). The material is “recessed” into the waterproofing material and placed in such a way as to cover both sides of the seam by 8-10 centimeters.

Floor waterproofing rules
We waterproof the floor with painting materials
In order to properly waterproof the floor on a balcony or loggia, the surface should be thoroughly prepared. The floor is inspected for loose areas, they are removed, then the surface is cleaned of dirt and dust and moistened. Penetrating waterproofing is applied to the prepared and moistened surface. in two layers, and the second is applied only after the first has dried.

After this, you will need a foil vapor barrier that is rolled out over the floor surface. They lay it on top wooden beams, in between which polystyrene foam is placed. The joints and seams formed during work are carefully filled with polyurethane foam, after which you can begin laying the subfloor. OSB board is best suited for these purposes. And after fixing it with self-tapping screws, they begin to create the final coating.

We waterproof the balcony ceiling correctly

Before waterproofing the ceiling on the balcony, you need to determine where exactly water is leaking and drafts appear. It is advisable to treat the areas of greatest accumulation of moisture polyurethane based sealant. If large cracks are found on the surface of the ceiling, then polyurethane foam and polyethylene sealant are used.

To waterproof the top slab, a penetrating compound is used - it penetrates deep into the surface of the slab and forms special durable waterproofing crystals in it.

Important: After coating with the penetrating mixture, the concrete surface must be protected from mechanical damage and sudden changes in temperature for 3 days. Rapid drying of the composition is also not allowed, so the surface is moistened with water.

After the penetrating waterproofing has dried, you can begin laying the polystyrene foam from the inside. To do this, you can use appropriate brackets and special construction adhesive.

We carry out work on the balcony with a bay window

If the balcony is located above a bay window, alcove, porch or other façade architectural element, then waterproofing will be required even more thoroughly. So, waterproofing a balcony above a bay window requires enhanced protection surfaces from atmospheric influences - otherwise leaks will form, due to which it will be necessary to carry out repairs to the interior.

Additional protective measures can be provided by installing a roof or glazing (partial or full) - thanks to this, the balcony above the bay window will turn into a comfortable loggia.

It is clear that all waterproofing work will be more effective if the balcony is glazed - this means not only the installation of high-quality double-glazed windows, but also sealing the seams and installing an external cornice. In addition, in this case, waterproofing will also prevent damage to the expensive finish. However, even on an open balcony, such events will significantly increase comfort.

And now we invite you to watch a video on the topic of our article on waterproofing balconies and loggias from the inside. You will see a demonstration of the work described above.