Them in Tatar. Tatar letters

November 26th, 2015 , 11:54 am

List of Tatar language dictionaries (compilation).

Tatar-Russian dictionary
About 56,000 words, 7,400 phraseological units
In two volumes
Kazan: Publishing house "Magarif". - 2007.
You can find it here: http://rinfom.ru/slovari/tatarsko-russkij-slovar
The proposed Tatar-Russian dictionary is the largest publication of this type in Tatar lexicography of recent decades. Compiled by such leading Tatar lexicographers as G.Kh.Akhunzyanov, I.A.Abdullin, R.G.Akhmetyanov, M.G.Mukhammadiev and others. Includes both commonly used vocabulary and the most active historicisms, dialectisms, and rare words, reflecting the identity of the Tatar people. The two-volume Tatar-Russian dictionary contains about 56,000 words of the Tatar language, as well as about 7,400 phraseological expressions. Designed for a wide range of readers interested in the Tatar and Russian languages.
The presented Tatar-Russian dictionary in all respects is capable of becoming an authoritative reference publication of the Tatar language.


Explanatory dictionary of the Tatar language
You can find it here: http://rinfom.ru/slovari/
Tatar explanatory dictionary based on the work of Zubaer Miftakhov (Tatarstan, Naberezhnye Chelny). The dictionary assumes that it will be used mainly by people who know Tatar language. IN explanatory dictionary The vernacular Tatar language, used in literature and colloquial speech, is also widely represented. An entry in the dictionary includes an interpretation of the meaning, a description of the structure of the word if it is ambiguous, examples of use in literary and colloquial speech, and grammatical characteristics of the word.
This version of the explanatory dictionary of the Tatar language is presented in the form of CHM and EXE files and can be viewed on most computers with operating system Windows

Four volume Russian-Tatar dictionary

In this Russian-Tatar dictionary, along with the translation of Russian words into the Tatar language, interpretations of the most difficult words and terms. Many political, scientific, philosophical and other terms are provided with interpretations. The Russian-Tatar dictionary includes phraseological combinations and idioms, stable figures of speech, to which corresponding Tatar equivalents have been selected. In addition, the dictionary contains a short grammar reference on basic issues of the morphology of the Russian and Tatar languages.

This edition of the Russian-Tatar dictionary is the most complete to date and is intended for a wide range of people studying Russian and Tatar languages. The dictionary is written in the format e-books djvu and can be downloaded for free via a direct link.

Arabic-Tatar-Russian dictionary of borrowings

This dictionary of Arabic and Persian borrowings is a reference dictionary for a wide range of readers of Tatar literature, for school teachers and students, translators and scientific workers. The dictionary is compiled on the basis of the vocabulary of the works of Tatar writers and poets (from the 13th century to the present), on the material of periodicals and Tatar textbooks on various industries knowledge. The dictionary is presented as a PDF file

Russian-Tatar dictionary
Year of manufacture: 1997
Author: Ganiev F.A.
Genre: dictionary
Publisher: Insan
ISBN: 5-85840-286-0
Number of pages: 720
You can find it here: http://sami_znaete_gde.ru
Description: This Russian-Tatar dictionary contains about 47,000 words of modern Russian. The dictionary also includes outdated words, found in the works of modern Russian writers, a significant number of colloquial, colloquial words. Much attention is paid to socio-political, scientific and technical terminology.
The dictionary is intended for a wide range of readers and is also of great interest to Turkic scholars. Can serve practical guide for people studying Russian and Tatar languages, as well as for students, teachers, translators, press, radio and television workers.

Tatar-Russian dictionary of proverbs (Tatarcha-ruscha məkallər sүzlege).
Year of manufacture: 2011
Author: Gizatullina-Startseva R.G., Gizatullin I.G.
Publisher: Vagant: Ufa
Course language: Russian/Tatar
Number of pages: 274
ISBN: 978-5-9635-0341-6
Description: This publication presents Tatar folk proverbs and sayings used by the Tatars in Everyday life, their translations and Russian equivalents are given.
The book is addressed to everyone who is interested in the culture of the Turkic peoples.

Russian-Tatar dictionary of phrases / Ruscha-Tatarcha sүztezmәlәr sүzlege
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Year of manufacture: 1997-1998
Author: Agishev Kh.G.
Publisher: RIC “Liana” - 1 volume
Matbugat yorty - volume 2
Course language: Russian
Number of pages: 513
ISBN: 5-7497-0002-Х - 1 volume
5-89120-070-8 - volume 2
Description: Volume I.
The dictionary contains “diamond placers” of free phrases that represent the “life nerves” of the meanings of more than 3,200 headwords. The entire set of phrases and illustrative examples is given in the Russian-Tatar version.
A dictionary of a completely new type, which has no analogues in Tatar lexicographic literature. Ideally suits educational purposes, as it combines elements of at least 3 dictionaries: explanatory, translation and word combination dictionary.
Intended for teachers of Russian and Tatar languages. It will be equally useful for high school students of secondary schools, gymnasiums, and lyceums. Students, as well as all those who study state languages ​​on their own, will not remain indifferent to the manual. Published for the first time.
Volume II.
The second volume contains “diamond placers” of free phrases, representing the “vital nerves” of the meanings of more than 1,470 dictionary entries. The entire set of phrases and examples is given in the Russian-Tatar version.
Intended for teachers of Russian and Tatar languages. It will be equally useful for senior students of secondary schools, gymnasiums, lyceums, as well as university students. The two-volume book will be a “tidbit” for those who study state languages ​​on their own. Published for the first time.

Russian-Tatar dictionary of military terms
Year of manufacture: 2000
Author: Muginov R.A.
Publisher: Tatar Book Publishing House
Course language: Russian
Number of pages: 151 (77 double)
ISBN: 5-298-00925-5
Description: The Russian-Tatar dictionary of military terms contains about 8 thousand terms of all types of armed forces.
The dictionary is intended as an auxiliary tutorial for managers and students of the subject “Fundamentals military service" V secondary schools. It can be used in the military training system at universities and educational organizations ROSTO.
It is expected that this dictionary with its applications will also be a useful reference for employees of military commissariats, law enforcement agencies, students and teachers pedagogical institutes and schools, translators, writers, workers in the press, radio, television and other categories of readers.

F. S. Safiullina. Pocket Tatar-Russian and Russian-Tatar dictionary. - 2001.
Year of manufacture: 2001
Author: Safiulina F.S.
Genre: Dictionary
Publisher: Tarikh
ISBN: 5-94113-017-1
Number of pages: 576
Description: The dictionary is intended for students of the Tatar language and contains about 10,000 of the most common words and phraseological units.
The difference between this dictionary is that it indicates the pronunciation of words in transcription; accents are placed in Tatar words in which the stress does not fall on the last syllable; the semantics of the word is revealed in the sentences given after the translation of the words.
The dictionary is accompanied by a “Concise Tatar-Russian phraseological dictionary” and a “Concise Russian-Tatar phraseological dictionary”. Compiled by F.S. Safiullina.

Tatar-Russian complete educational dictionary.
Year: 2008
Author: Sabirov R.A.
Genre: Dictionary
Publisher: M: Tolmach ST; Kazan: Tatarname
ISBN: 978-5-903184-17-0
Russian language
Number of pages: 330
Description: The Tatar-Russian dictionary is intended for a wide range of readers. It can serve as a practical guide for people studying the Tatar language, as well as for teachers, translators, press, radio and television workers and other specialists.

Basic Tatar-Russian and Russian-Tatar dictionary
Year of manufacture: 2000
Author: Safiullina F.S.
Genre: tutorial
Publisher: TaRIH
Number of pages: 68
Description: The proposed dictionary contains about 3,000 of the most widely used words of the Tatar language and about 2,500 words of Russian.
The dictionary is intended for mastering a basic set of words, knowledge of which makes it possible to speak the Tatar language quite fluently.
When selecting words, the results of computer analysis of samples were taken into account various styles of the Tatar language in the amount of about a million words, conducted by employees of the Tatar language department in the foreign language classroom of Kazan University. The dictionary also includes words selected for the lexical minimum for grades I - IX, in accordance with the school curriculum.

    translator- Interpreter, dragoman. ... .. Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian dictionaries, 1999. translator, interpreter, interpreter, dragoman, prescriber, whisperer, synchronist, translator, translator,... ... Synonym dictionary

    TRANSLATOR- TRANSLATOR, translator, husband. 1. A person engaged in translations from one language to another. Translator from French. 2. One who translates or has translated something (see translate in 8, 9 and especially 10 meanings; simple). Money translator. Intelligent... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

    Translator- an intermediate link in communication, the need for which arises in cases where the codes used by the source and the addressee do not match. As a language intermediary, a translator can carry out not only translation, but also various other things... ... Financial Dictionary

    TRANSLATOR- TRANSLATOR, huh, husband. Specialist in translations from one language to another. P. from Czech. | wives translator, s. | adj. translation, oh, oh. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

    Translator- the author of the translated work, who owns the right to the translation performed by him. According to the law of the Russian Federation On motor vehicles. law and related rights, P. must use the author. the right to the work created by him, provided that he respects the rights of the original author... ... Publishing dictionary-reference book

    Translator- (English translator, interpreter) 1) in civil and criminal proceedings, a person who speaks the languages ​​necessary to translate statements, testimony, petitions, explanations, familiarize himself with the case materials, speak in court in his native language... Encyclopedia of Law

    TRANSLATOR- an individual who speaks languages ​​whose knowledge is necessary for translation in civil, administrative, criminal proceedings or during its consideration... Legal encyclopedia

    translator- 3.6 translator: Individual, who translated the text of the work into the language of this publication. Source … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

    TRANSLATOR - Job responsibilities. Translates scientific, technical, socio-political, economic and other specialized literature, patent descriptions, regulatory technical and shipping documentation, correspondence materials with foreign... Qualification Handbook positions of managers, specialists and other employees

    Translator- The request “Translator” is redirected here; see also other meanings. The “Electronic Translator” request is redirected here. A separate article is needed on this topic. A translator is a specialist engaged in translation, that is, the creation of written... ... Wikipedia

    translator- noun, m., used. compare often Morphology: (no) whom? translator, who? translator, (see) who? translator, by whom? translator, about whom? about the translator; pl. Who? translators, (no) who? translators, who? translators, (I see) whom? translators... Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary

Books

  • Translator, Alexander Shuvalov. Sergei Volkov, a former GRU special forces officer and now a free shooter, receives an order (he prefers to call it a task) to deal “informally” with a group of raiders... Buy audiobook for 126 rubles

Tatar alphabet| Tatar letters

The Tatar alphabet consists of 39 letters.

Introduction and practical tasks for the child.

A a Ә ә B b C c d D d E e Ё ё Ж Җ җ З з И и й й К к к Лл М m Н Ңң О о Ө ө P p R r S s T t U y Y ү F f X x Һ һ Ts c Ch h Sh w Sh q q y y y y

It includes 33 letters of the Russian alphabet and 6 additional letters: Ә ә, Ө ө, Ү ү, Җ җ, Ң ң, Һ һ
This order of letters in the alphabet was fixed in January 1997 by the Resolution of the State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Sounds denoted by additional letters of the Tatar alphabet

Ә ә, Ө ө, Ү ү, Җ җ, Ң ң, Һ һ


[ә] = [æ] – this sound can otherwise be designated as [’’a], that is, a very soft [a]. It is close to Russian ['a] in the words 'sit', 'look', 'row'. When pronouncing [''a], lower the tip of your tongue to your lower teeth and you will get the sound [æ].

Ani – mother

әti – dad

әйдә – come on

әiber – thing

[ү] = [ü] – soft and more rounded [’у]. A sound close to it is found in the Russian words ‘bale’, ‘ditch’, ‘lute’. Pronounce these words, giving ['u] an even greater rounding (roll your lips into a tube), and you will approximately get the desired sound.

үрдәк – duck

үrnәk sample

Uzem - myself

uzәk – center

[ө] = [ә:°] – this vowel sound presents the greatest difficulty for the Russian-speaking reader. The closest version of the Tatar [ө] can be found in the words ‘maple’, ‘honey’, ‘Peter’. But in the Tatar language [ө] is short, and Russian [’о] is found only under stress. Try to pronounce these Russian words as briefly as possible and with more pronunciation, and you will be close to the desired sound. He looks like a frequent English language sound: bird, work. But English sound lacks roundness.

өс – top

өstәl – table

[җ] – this sound is also often found in English, and in borrowings from English in Russian it is expressed by the letter combination j: ‘jumper’, ‘Jack’. Tatar borrowings are also formalized: jilyan - җilyan, Jalil - Җәlil. The sound [zh] in Russian is always hard, but to form from it soft version for a Russian-speaking reader it usually does not present any difficulties. It should be noted that hard [zh] is also uncharacteristic for the Tatar language, as [’zh] is for Russian. Therefore, as a rule, mixing of these sounds does not occur.

җavap is the answer

han – soul

Gil – wind

Hyr – song

[ң] is a nasal sound produced by a small tongue. The closest sound combination in the Russian language can be considered the sound combination [ng] in the word ‘gong’ when pronounced through the nose. This sound is often found in French: jardin, bien, chien [òjeŋ]. It has been noticed that mastering this sound with the help of a teacher-consultant is not at all difficult. And if you have the opportunity to check your pronunciation, do not neglect this opportunity.

yana – new

ң – right

yangyr – rain

mon – chant

[һ] = [һ] – pharyngeal sound. It is formed in the pharynx and is pronounced with aspiration. There is a sound close to it in the English language: hat, hand, hare. In Russian, the closest sound can be considered [x] in the words robe, chill, if pronounced without a guttural sound. It must be remembered that Tatar [һ] is of more posterior, pharyngeal origin.

Khava – air

һәykәl – monument

һөнәр – profession

һөҗүм – attack

Lessons. Pronunciation of letters

Tatar alphabet by letter with pronunciation

Tatar writing is the writing of the Tatar language. IN different time were used different systems letters:
Arabic script - until 1927; the few Tatars of China still use Arabic writing today
Latin - in 1927-1939; attempts were made to revive the Latin alphabet at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries; Tatars of Turkey, Finland, Czech Republic, Poland, USA and Australia currently use the Tatar Latin alphabet
Cyrillic - from 1939 to the present; baptized Tatars have used the Cyrillic alphabet since the 19th century.

State Council Republic of Tatarstan adopted Law 1-ZRT “On the use of the Tatar language as the state language of the Republic of Tatarstan” (December 24, 2012)
According to the law, the Cyrillic alphabet remains the official alphabet, but it has become acceptable to use the Latin and Arabic alphabet when citizens contact government agencies and the Latin alphabet when transliterating. In official replies government agencies Cyrillic is used, but the possibility of duplicating Cyrillic text in Latin or Arabic is provided.
The correspondence of Cyrillic letters with Latin and Arabic letters is indicated in the appendix to the law.

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Official language and the second most spoken language in . Tatar is spoken by over 5 million people living in the national republic, as well as in and other regions of the Russian Federation. Full functioning in Tatarstan national language provided with teaching in educational institutions In particular, at Kazan University, education in Tatar has been introduced in the legal, philological and journalism departments. Numerous factors contribute to language maintenance printed publications, television and radio programs, etc.

History of the Tatar language

At the origins of the Tatar language are the languages ​​of the Turkic group: Bulgar, Kipchak, Chagatai. The process of formation occurred simultaneously with the development of the culture of the Tatars, who settled in the Volga region and the Urals. With close communication with representatives of the indigenous and newcomer populations of the inhabited lands, the mutual enrichment of languages ​​took place. Tatar clearly shows the influence of Russian, Mordovian, Udmurt, Ugric, and Persian languages. Particularly indicative are the phonetic features of Tatar, adopted from the Finno-Ugric languages ​​and distinguishing it from other representatives of the Turkic group.

The most ancient monument of Tatar literature is the poem “Kysa-i Yosyf”, written in the first half of the 13th century. Kul Gali. In the poem, Bulgar-Kypchak elements are combined with Oghuz ones. During the time of the Golden Horde, in the territories inhabited by the Tatars, the Volga Turkic language was used. Under the rule of the Kazan Khanate, the old Tatar language developed with many borrowings from Arabic and Persian. The language was accessible to literate representatives of society, simple people did not speak this form of the language. Russisms penetrated into Tatar as a result of the conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible.

At the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. the intelligentsia mastered Ottoman vocabulary. The modern Tatar language, based on the Kazan dialect, began to take shape in the second half of the 19th century. After the revolution of 1905, there was a merger of literary and colloquial forms of the language. Active development terminology occurred in the 20-30s of the last century, when the language was replenished with new words of Arab-Persian, Russian and international vocabulary. At the same time, there was a transition to the Cyrillic alphabet.

  • In , and Basque languages ​​“Tatarstan” is written “Tartaristán, Tartaristão, Tartaria”. The double letter "r" is used in (sauce tartare), (Strait of Tartary), (Stretto dei Tartari), (Tartarsundet) and some other languages.
  • The English call stubborn boys “young tartar”.
  • The Japanese’s decisive action was called the “Tatar step.”
  • Dahl’s explanatory dictionary and the Brockhaus and Efron encyclopedia say that the cry “hurray” is a form of the Tatar word “ur” - hit.
  • Until 1927, Tatar writing was based on the Arabic alphabet; in 1927-1939. in Latin, since 1939 - in Cyrillic.
  • The Constitution of Tatarstan enshrines the right of every citizen to receive a Russian passport with an insert in the Tatar language.
  • Kul Gali's poem "Kysa-i Yosyf", written in the 13th century, before the 19th century. transmitted in manuscripts. Literary work was so popular that the book had to be in the dowry of every Tatar girl.
  • The first printed book in the Tatar language was published in Leipzig in 1612.

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Choose the letter that the word begins with.

Tatar language (Tat. Tatar tele, Tatarcha, tatar tele, tatarça) is the national language of the Tatars. The state language of the Republic of Tatarstan and the second most widespread and most spoken national language in Russian Federation. Belongs to the Volga-Kypchak subgroup of the Kipchak group of Turkic languages.

Distributed in Tatarstan, in the center and north-west of Bashkortostan, in Mari El, Udmurtia, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Ulyanovsk regions, Perm region Russia, as well as in certain regions of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.

The modern Tatar language has undergone many changes in its development; it was formed from the mixing of ancient Bulgarian with the Kipchak and Chagatai dialects of the Turkic languages.

The Tatar language was formed together with the native people of this language in the Volga and Urals regions in close communication with other, both related and unrelated languages. He experienced a certain influence of Finno-Ugric (ancient Hungarian, Mari, Mordovian, Udmurt), Arabic, Persian, Russian languages. Thus, linguists believe that those features in the field of phonetics (changes in the vowel scale, etc.), which, on the one hand, unite the Volga-Turkic languages ​​with each other, and, on the other, contrast them with other Turkic languages, are the result of their complex relationships with Finno-Ugric languages.

Earliest surviving literary monuments- the poem “Kyssa-i Yosyf” - written in the 13th century. (The author of the poem Kul Gali died during the Mongol conquest of Volga Bulgaria in 1236). The language of the poem combines elements of the Bulgar-Kypchak and Oghuz languages. During the era of the Golden Horde, the language of its subjects became the Volga Turkic - a language close to the Ottoman and Chagatai (Old Uzbek) literary languages. During the period of the Kazan Khanate, the Old Tatar language was formed, which is characterized by big number borrowings from Arabic and Persian. Like other literary languages ​​of the pre-national period, the Old Tatar literary language remained poorly understood by the masses and was used only by the literate part of society. After the conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible, active penetration of Russianisms and then Western terms into the Tatar language began. WITH late XIX- beginning of the 20th century The Tatar intelligentsia began to actively use Ottoman socio-political vocabulary.

From the second half of the 19th century, on the basis of the middle (Kazan) dialect, the formation of the modern Tatar national language began, which was completed at the beginning of the 20th century. In the reform of the Tatar language, two stages can be distinguished - the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries (before 1905) and 1905-1917. At the first stage, the main role in the creation of the national language belonged to Kayum Nasyri (1825-1902). After the revolution of 1905-1907. the situation in the field of reforming the Tatar language has changed dramatically: there is a rapprochement literary language with colloquial. In 1912, Fakhrel-Islam Ageev founded the children's magazine "Ak-yul", which marked the beginning of the children's fiction in Tatar language. In the 1920s language construction begins: a terminological apparatus is developed, first based on the actual Tatar and Arab-Persian vocabulary, and from the 1930s - on Russian and international ones using Cyrillic graphics.

The modern literary Tatar language is close to the middle dialect in phonetics and vocabulary, and to the Western dialect in morphological structure.