How does black peppercorn grow and can it be grown at home? Mastering spices or how to grow peppercorns

Peppercorns cannot be grown in Russia garden plot due to the cold climate, but at home it is possible to create an entire vine and harvest it in the second year after planting.

How peppercorns grow

Peppercorns have a second name: “Malabar berry”, which is native to India. On native land is perennial shrub, whose vines entwine neighboring trees. The fruits are red, green and white. The color of the pepper depends on the time of harvest.

The very first to be harvested is green pepper, which gets its color due to its immaturity during the harvest period. It undergoes special processing to preserve the aroma and taste of the original product, and mainly to preserve the natural color. Used in Arabic and Asian cuisine.
Black pepper is harvested semi red, but during the process of fermentation and drying in ovens, the shell loses its natural color and turns black and wrinkles. It is popular throughout the world as a spice.
White pepper - the fruits are picked fully ripe and red in color. After harvesting, the peas are soaked in bleaching water for a week. After soaking, the grains become white or gray.

In European countries and Russia it is grown as a shrub about 3 m high. It consists of a herbaceous stem with pointed leaves of dark green color. The plant is self-pollinating and bears fruits round shape, attached to the peduncle with a wide end. The fruits have 4 nests, inside of which there are yellow seeds.

How peppercorns grow in an apartment

Black pepper develops well at home at a temperature of +25-30 degrees. Seeds for growing are sold in any supermarket in a bag of black pea spices.

Select large seeds and soak them clean water On one day.
After soaking, plant the pea in a container filled with turf soil, manure and river sand in proportions 4:1:1.
The preferred place for growing is on the windowsills of the western and eastern sides; it must be shaded from direct and scorching rays of the sun.
After about 3-4 weeks, the sprout will break out. As soon as the second leaf forms on the stem, the plant should be fed with an aqueous solution of bird droppings diluted 1:10.
The rooted plant is transplanted into a deep pot for further development, all subsequent transplants take place every two years.

During the period of active flowering (spring), grow peppers at a temperature of at least 25 degrees; during the winter dormancy period, you can reduce the temperature to 18 degrees. Pepper is a moisture-loving plant and needs daily watering and spraying with settled water. To increase humidity, you can place the flowerpot on a tray with wet peat or expanded clay. At proper care the plant can reach up to 2 meters in height in the first year. Due to the unstable stem, the plant will require additional support.

3) How pepper grows - growing by cuttings and layering

Cuttings are selected from a plant that is at least two years old. Planting material select a healthy one, without damage, with 2 kidneys. For rooting, place the cuttings in a box or create an artificial greenhouse with air holes. Optimal temperature 25°C.
Substrate – 1 part leaf soil, 0.5 part sand and humus.
Over the course of 3-4 weeks, the cuttings will take root, after which they can be transplanted into pots, one seedling at a time, about 10 cm high.

When choosing propagation by layering, attach the lying shoots to the ground with wooden pins and mulch the top with fertile soil. Provide young shoots with proper care - daily watering and absence of drafts. After the roots have taken root, separate them from mother bush and transplant into prepared containers.

Have you ever wondered what the plant that produces black pepper fruit looks like? This is very long climbing vine, reaching 15 meters in nature. And it grows, twining around tree trunks, in warm countries such as India, China, Brazil, and Indonesia. It is there that black peppercorns, which we are used to buying in small bags, are grown as a food crop on an industrial scale.

Peppercorns grow on these vines in large clusters, and are themselves drupes, and not seeds enclosed in fruits, as in bell pepper. This is absolutely different types plants.

When grown on plantations devoid of trees, special supports no more than five meters high are installed for pepper vines to facilitate harvesting. Such plantations exist not only in the countries listed above, but also in other regions with a suitable climate. But most of all piperine, which is responsible for the pungent taste, and essential oils, due to which pepper has a specific aroma, is found in the fruits of Indian (Malabar district) and Indonesian (Sumatra island) peppers.

Video – Black pepper production

Types of pepper

If you are familiar with other types of seasonings in the form of dry peas, then you will be interested to know that they are all the fruits of the same plant, only processed differently. The processing method affects the color and size of the peas, as well as the degree of spiciness.

The most popular black peppercorns are unripe green fruits, slowly dried in the sun or in special drying machines. Before this they are briefly immersed in hot water to free from pericarp. After drying, the shell of the grains becomes black or dark brown color. This type of pepper is the hottest and most aromatic. It is used both in whole form and in ground form.
Milder white pepper is produced in South-East Asia. To obtain it, wait for the fruits to fully ripen and turn red. After which they are collected and soaked in water for two weeks. Then the softened shell is removed, exposing the white core, which is dried. Since it is the shell that contains the largest amount of essential oils and piperine, white pepper loses its strong pungency and pungent odor. It is used to prepare delicate dishes from white meat and fish, as well as some types of dough.
White pepper is a ripe fruit without a shell.
Green peppers, like black peppers, are harvested unripe but are dried in a special way to preserve their color. It turns out softer, with a pleasant refreshing aroma.
Red peppers are fully ripened drupes with a sweetish shell placed in brine. It is used only in its whole, unground form to decorate dishes.

Note. Ground red pepper is not related to the described culture. It is obtained by grinding the pods of hot chili peppers into powder.

Growing at home

Pepper vine is a very heat-loving plant. It does not tolerate cold and dies when the temperature drops to +10 degrees. Therefore, in our latitudes, trying to grow it in open ground- an impossible task. But in an apartment it is quite feasible. And 2-3 years after planting, you can wait for fruiting.

Whether this is necessary is another question. From point of view economic feasibility It’s unlikely, because this spice costs pennies in stores. If you want to experiment, then why not? Among flower growers there are many lovers of exotic vines; growing such a vine can give them pleasure. If you are interested, below is detailed instructions How to grow black peppercorns at home.

Seeds

You will not find seeds of this plant in gardening stores. Go to the grocery store and buy black peppercorns in the spice section. We will imprison him. But before buying, be sure to look at the release date on the bag. If the pepper was packaged more than 12 months ago, it is unlikely to sprout.

Note! Only black pepper has germination. It is useless to plant white, green, and especially red.

To determine whether the grains are viable, pour them warm water. Those that float can be thrown away. We leave the rest in water for a day in a warm place for better germination. Of course, not all seeds will sprout, so you can plant everything and then select the strongest shoots.

Priming

Pepper with its “aerial” roots, with which in nature it clings to tree trunks, grows best in purchased soil For . It allows both water and air to pass through well. If you do not have the opportunity to purchase it, prepare the soil mixture yourself from the following components:

4 parts turf land;
2 parts leaf soil;
1 part humus and sand each.

Because best time Since the beginning of summer is the beginning of summer for planting this plant, it will not be difficult to find all the components.

Before filling the pot with this mixture, make sure you have drainage holes in a container, and fill it about a quarter with broken shards, crushed stone or expanded clay. This is necessary to remove excess moisture from the roots. Pepper loves it very much, but does not tolerate stagnation.

Landing

It is best to plant peppers in late spring or early summer, so that the warm period favorable for seedlings lasts as long as possible. And young plants could be taken out to Fresh air. Immediately after planting the grains, it is advisable to wrap the pot with film or cover it with glass to ensure Greenhouse effect. And ventilate and water every day. In such conditions, seedlings should appear in 3-4 weeks.

Pepper vine prefers to grow in bright areas, but not in direct sunlight. Therefore, when choosing a place for it, it is better to give preference to windows facing east, west and adjacent directions. If there are none in the apartment, consider the following recommendations:

when located on a southern window, the plantings should be shaded by placing tulle, gauze, other thin fabric between them and the glass, or by gluing tracing paper to the glass;
if the window faces north, the plant on it will be uncomfortable without additional lighting. You will have to install a phytolamp or fluorescent lamp.

The ideal temperature for plants in summer is between 25 and 30 degrees. In winter, it is enough to maintain 16-18, since this is a period of rest.

Care

Caring for a tropical vine is not difficult. At normal conditions She is developing well and practically does not get sick.

The basic rules of care are:

abundant watering throughout the warm season. There is no need to fill it to the “swamp”; it is enough to keep the soil slightly moist and not allow it to dry out. During the dormant period, watering can be halved;
daily spraying with soft water - rain, melt or settled and filtered. In winter, spraying is continued if it is not possible to reduce the air temperature. If it stays no higher than 20 degrees, one procedure every 7-10 days is enough;
feeding once every 2-3 weeks. You can use complex mineral fertilizers dissolved in water according to the instructions. But if there is such an opportunity, at least occasionally it is worth watering the vine with bird droppings, diluted in a large amount of water and strained. From October to the end of March, fertilizers may not be applied at all;
replant as it grows into a larger pot. Pepper does not grow too quickly, so replanting is required first every year, and then no more than once every couple of years. At the same time, it is important not to damage the roots, so replanting is carried out together with a lump of old soil using the transshipment method;
installation of supports is mandatory; seedlings need them for normal development. In apartment conditions, vines rarely grow longer than two meters.

At good care fruits on young plant may appear in two to three years. And you will have the opportunity to get your own spices in the form of white or black peppercorns. How to bring them to the desired condition is described above.

Errors during cultivation

At improper care or failure to maintain temperature, light or humidity, the plant gives clear distress signals. You just need to be able to take them apart.

Table. Plant reaction to improper care

On a note. But if white convex dots appear on the underside of the leaves, reminiscent of eggs, there is no need to worry. This is normal for pepper vines.

Use and storage of black pepper

Regardless of whether you bought black peppercorns or grew them yourself, you need to store them by pouring them into a tightly sealed glass container. It best preserves the original aroma and taste properties. If you need to add ground pepper to the dish, then it is better to grind it in a special grinder just before use.

You've probably noticed more than once how much weaker the aroma of ground pepper bought at the store is. This is explained not only by the weathering of essential oils from the product, but also by the fact that in addition to the pepper itself, the powder may contain foreign components, including dirt and dust. The special aroma and pungent taste of black pepper is most valued by chefs. They add it in whole and ground form to the most different dishes and products:

meat and fish;
sausages;
soups;
sauces;
canned foods;
some drinks (for example, mulled wine).

The presence of this seasoning in a dish stimulates appetite and improves digestion. Of course, if it is added in small quantities. Because piperine in large doses can corrode the walls of the stomach and duodenum. For this reason, black pepper should not be added to dishes for people suffering from gastritis, stomach ulcers and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Spicy dishes with these spices are not recommended for hypertensive patients.

Video - How black peppercorns grow

Growing peppercorns at home can be perceived more as a hobby, rather than a need to obtain a popular spice. But the attitude towards sweet and hot peppers is completely different, because providing yourself with this tasty and healthy vegetable not difficult at all. How to properly grow pepper seedlings and achieve good harvest, can be read at.

Grow black pepper at home

It turns out that black pepper can be grown at home, and getting the seeds is simply elementary, just buy black pepper in the form of peas at any grocery store, select the largest peas, soak the peppercorns in water for a day and plant them in a pot, preferably plant them in early summer, after about a month the first sprouts from sprouted peas will appear (temperature regime 25-30 degrees Celsius) and do not believe those who say that it is black peppercorns undergoes heat treatment, peppercorns are dried in the sun in natural conditions.
After the second leaf, you need to fertilize the pepper - this will be a solution of bird droppings, left for a couple of days. After these steps, the peppers can be carefully transplanted into large pots. Keep the plant on a windowsill in winter and on outdoors in a warm sunny place.

Don't be alarmed if you notice back side leaf formations similar to eggs white which then turn black is normal.

By the way white pepper this is the same black pepper, only mechanically peeled from the pericarp; usually, to obtain white pepper, freshly picked ripe pepper fruits are soaked in water (sometimes hot to speed up the process) for about one week. As a result of soaking, the fruit shell decomposes and softens, after which the fruit shell is separated and the remaining seeds are dried. You are unlikely to be able to grow anything from white peppercorns.

Green pepper, get from not ripe fruits black pepper. Dried green peas are processed in such a way as to preserve green color, for example, using sulfur dioxide or by lyophilization (dry drying). In a similar way, pink (red) peppers are also obtained from ripe fruits (pink pepper from Piper nigrum must be distinguished from the more common pink pepper made from the fruits of Peruvian peppers or Brazilian peppers). Green peppercorns are not suitable for planting.

Instructions
1.First you need to select and prepare a place for planting. Pepper seedlings grow best in rich, moist soils and well-drained areas, so you should fertilize the soil to add nutrients. The soil pH level should be between 5.5 and 6.5. Lime should be added if the soil is too acidic.

2. Partially shaded areas should be chosen, as plants may be damaged if exposed to too much large quantity sunlight. If the planting will be done indoors, then it is better to choose one that can have a temperature of 24 to 29 degrees, for example, it could be a sunny room with a partially darkened window.

3.Pepper is planted by seeds. Pepper seeds are placed below the soil surface to a depth of about one centimeter. If planting inside in pots, it is better to use pots with a capacity of at least 3 liters, as the pepper plant can develop extensive root systems.

4. Not everyone knows how to grow black pepper. It is necessary to control and maintain pepper during the first two to three years, as well as in the time between the first planting and the first flowers. The plant should be provided sufficient quantity water. The soil should always be moist, but not soggy, to help roots develop.

5.It is necessary to fertilize the soil from time to time to help retain rich nutrients in the soil. If the plant grows in pots and is usually kept indoors, you can take advantage of its portability and place it outdoors in a shaded area.

6.The pepper harvest appears six to eight months after the first flowering. To harvest black pepper, it must be harvested when it is still green. The peppers need to be boiled and then dried for several days in the sun. After this it will turn black. Store peppers in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

A common spice found in every kitchen is black peppercorns, used as a seasoning for marinades, first and second courses, gravies and sauces, meat, etc. But not everyone can imagine how black peppercorns grow in natural conditions. That's right. After all, the homeland of the climbing plant is the territory of India (Malabar Islands). In our country, gardeners have also learned to grow peppercorns at home and on the street.

Gradually, the spice began to be cultivated in other countries with a humid and hot climate. At first it was Indonesia, south-eastern Asia, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Africa, Sumatra.

Now in Russia they are also cultivating black peppercorns, but exclusively for personal consumption, and not on an industrial scale.

Description of the appearance of the vine

The tree-like liana grows in the lower layer of the tropical forest and uses the trunks of more powerful trees as supports. IN wildlife can grow up to 15 meters in length. The leaves have oval shape with a pointed tip, 8-10 cm long. Their location on the branch is alternate (one after another). The flowers are collected in inflorescences on elongated racemes (8-14 cm), and are white and yellowish-gray. Drupe fruits ripen in different time, so the harvest stretches over a long period. One brush collects about 20-30 peas.

Since peppercorns grow on a climbing plant, poles (up to 6 m) are used on plantations when cultivating the crop. They are needed for twisting the vine stems and for more convenient harvesting of berries.

All varieties trade names: black, green, white, pink and red peppercorns are spices obtained from one plant. Their difference lies only in the processing methods and the nature of the ripeness of the berries.

There are several ways to grow black peppercorns at home. This is to use seeds, cuttings, and layering.

The nuances of home growing

Peppercorns for food are usually grown on a windowsill, where the plant feels best, or on a plot. The window is chosen with orientation towards the east or west. In spring and summer periods The plant is watered more often, preventing the soil from drying out. But they don’t over-water it, which the pepper tree usually doesn’t like.

Since peppercorns grow in the wild in tropical conditions, when artificially propagated they also require high air humidity. Otherwise the bush will hurt. Therefore, you have to perform the spraying procedure twice a day, using soft, settled water. The pot is placed in a tray with moistened peat or expanded clay.

In spring and summer, mineral fertilizers are applied in the form of fertilizing. During the cold period, the plant goes into a dormant state, and it is placed in a well-lit place.

The bush is replanted every 1-2 years. The soil can be a soil mixture, including turf and leaf soil with humus and peat in equal proportions.

During periods of rapid growth and development (from mid-March to the end of summer), black pepper must be fed. To do this, use complex fertilizers made for plants with decorative leaves.

Response to Deficiency nutrients The plant is acute - it sheds all its leaf cover. Regular watering should not be excessive, as this will cause yellowing of the leaves, their wilting, and, in general, the death of the plant.

Rules for germination of seedlings

To obtain good-quality seedlings, you need to purchase peppercorns in the store. It is best to plan the planting of seeds for the month of June, since it is at this time that the temperature stabilizes and is set at +25-+28 degrees. Which is sometimes necessary for culture.

A month after planting, the first fragile shoots will appear. The seedlings are picked when they reach the full tillering stage. For picking, prepare containers with a diameter of 7-8 cm. Black pepper is quite fragile root system, so picking is done with caution.

Fertilizing of seedlings is carried out when the second leaf grows on the plants. Good fertilizer chicken droppings appear, from which a solution is first made, kept for several days. The ratio of litter to liquid is 1:10. Or they use commercial fertilizer produced for deciduous plants.

After the root system has gained mass (after approximately 7 days), the sprouts are moved to pots bigger size. It is important to consider that pepper is a climbing tree, so it will have to be provided with reliable support. After transplanting into large pots, the plant is fully cared for.

Peas different color you can get it yourself.

For example, white ones are obtained by soaking the material for a week and removing the dark peel. That is, using a simple technology method. When you need to get green peppercorns, you do things differently.
Green coloring peppercorns are acquired due to their underdevelopment. That is, they do not perform any special actions with the fruits, they simply do not allow them to ripen.

To grow seedlings, only black fruits are taken. White, red or green peppercorns are not capable of germination due to changes in structure.

Allspice is a perennial tree. Planted in a country house or on a windowsill, it will regularly supply the owners with a harvest for several years and will be beneficial for the body.

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Grow black pepper at home

Turns out Black pepper (lat. Piper nigrum) you can grow it at home, and getting the seeds is simply elementary, just buy black pepper in the form of peas at any grocery store, select the largest peas, soak the peppercorns in water for a day and plant them in a pot, preferably plant them in early summer, in about a month the first ones will appear sprouts from sprouted peas (temperature range 25-30 degrees Celsius) and do not believe those who say that black peppercorns undergo heat treatment, peppercorns are dried in the sun under natural conditions.
After the second leaf, you need to fertilize the pepper - this will be a solution of bird droppings, left for a couple of days. After these steps, the peppers can be carefully transplanted into large pots. Keep the plant on a windowsill in winter and outdoors in a warm, sunny place in summer.

Don’t be alarmed if you notice formations on the back of the sheet that look like white eggs, which then turn black; this is normal.

Obtained from the unripe fruits of black pepper. Dried green peas are processed in such a way as to preserve the green color, for example using sulfur dioxide or by freeze-drying (dry drying). In a similar way, pink (red) peppers are also obtained from ripe fruits (pink pepper from Piper nigrum must be distinguished from the more common pink pepper made from the fruits of Peruvian peppers or Brazilian peppers). Green peppercorns are not suitable for planting.

What kind of plant is black pepper?

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) it is also called Malabar berry, is a tree-like vine "Piper nigrum" belonging to the pepper family. It grows in the forest, entwining trees that serve as its support. The length of the vine can reach 6 m. On plantations where it is specially bred, special supports in the form of poles are used as supports.
On plantations, the plant is a climbing shrub reaching a height of 15 m. The leaves are 80-100 mm long. After flowering ends, round fruits grow, first green, then they become yellow or red.

The liana has ovate, leathery, grayish-green leaves. Black pepper blooms with small white flowers collected in hanging spikes. The fruits of black pepper are spherical drupes with a hard shell and a pungent taste. Black pepper is beneficial for people with cardiovascular diseases because... it effectively cleanses blood vessels and thins the blood. It is used to season meat, fish and vegetable dishes.

Black pepper is grown in Sri Lanka, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and Brazil. The main exporter of black pepper to the world market is the island of Sumatra.

The height of plants is limited, it is no more than 5 m. Black pepper grows on high rods, similar to hops. Three years after planting, it begins to bear fruit. Three types of pepper are obtained from the same tree - black, white and green. Peppers begin to be harvested when the fruits turn red. During the process of drying in the sun, the pepper fruits turn black. Black pepper High Quality should be hard, dark and heavy. 1000 grains of high-quality black pepper should weigh exactly 460 g. Therefore, in ancient times, black pepper served as weights for weighing pharmaceutical products that required great accuracy. In tropical countries, the fruits of unripe green peppers are preserved in salt and vinegar. At the same time, it acquires a very delicate and subtle aroma. The highest quality varieties of black pepper in the world are considered to be Malabar and Tellicherry.

How to grow black pepper correctly

Black pepper tropical plants, and how is everyone heat-loving plants really doesn’t like cold weather (at temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius, the plant dies) and frost kills the plant instantly.

The black pepper plant grows very well in a pot and can grow up to 2 meters in the first year of its life.

With proper care, it begins to bear fruit in the second year.

The plant is very moisture-loving and overdrying the earthen coma is not recommended.

Adult black pepper plants are grown in a mixture of heavy turf and leaf soil, humus, and sand (4:2:1:1).
For pepper, choose a bright place, protected from direct sunlight.
Water abundantly in summer and moderately in winter, with water at room temperature.
Pepper is propagated by seeds, cuttings, layering, and also by dividing the bush.
The flowering time for black pepper occurs in April - May.

Plant care:

Pepper prefers bright, diffused light and is suitable for growing near windows facing western and eastern directions. At south-facing windows it is necessary to shade the plant from direct sun rays. The plant may not have enough light near northern windows in winter.

During the active growing season, pepper prefers an air temperature of around 20-25°C; in the fall, you can slightly reduce the temperature, and in winter it is recommended to keep the plant at a temperature of about 18°C, not lower than 16°C.

From spring to autumn, peppers are watered generously with soft, settled water as the top layer of the substrate dries. In autumn, watering is reduced; in winter, watering is moderate. Overdrying, as well as overwatering, are very harmful to the plant.

Pepper needs high humidity air. This factor must be taken into account when purchasing a plant. If the air humidity is low, the plant gets sick. Spray the pepper twice a day with soft, settled water. In addition, additional measures to increase humidity are recommended, for example, placing a pot with a plant on a tray filled with wet expanded clay or peat.

Peppers are fed from spring to autumn with complex mineral fertilizers for decorative foliage plants once every two weeks. In autumn and winter they do not feed.

Peppers have a dormant period in winter. It is recommended to keep the plant at a temperature of about 17-18C, in a bright place.

Transplanted mature plant once every two years, young - once a year, in the spring. The substrate for pepper is loose and nutritious. For example, consisting of turf soil (1 part), leaf soil (1 part), peat (1 part), humus soil (1 part) and sand (1 part). It is better to take plastic pots, since in clay pots the substrate will dry out more quickly. The bottom of the pot provides good drainage.

Peppers are propagated by seeds, cuttings, division, and layering.

Propagation by seeds.

Substrate composition: leaf soil- 1 hour, turf - 0.5 hours, sand - 0.5 hours. Caring for crops consists mainly of maintaining a temperature of 24-28 ° C and watering. When the seedlings get stronger and the first true leaf has fully developed, they are planted in containers at a distance of 2x3 cm. Later, 1 copy is planted in 7-centimeter pots. Composition of the earth mixture: leaf - 1 part, turf - 1 part, humus - 1 part, sand - 1 part. Plants are installed in a lighted place, but shaded from the bright rays of the sun. Water generously. After the development of the root system, transfer to 9-centimeter pots is given. The shoots are recumbent, the plants may require support.

Propagation by cuttings

When propagated by cuttings, the latter are cut with 1-2 buds and placed in a propagation box, a mini greenhouse for rooting, where they are kept at a temperature of 24-26°C. Substrate composition: leaf soil - 0.5 tsp and sand - 1 tsp. Cuttings take root within 3 weeks; after that they are planted 1 copy at a time. in 9 cm pots. In industrial gardening, cuttings of 3 copies. planted in 9-centimeter pots and placed in a distribution box for rooting. After rooting, they are transplanted into 12-centimeter pots and released for sale after about six months. Composition of the earthen mixture for transplanting rooted cuttings: leaf - 1 tsp, humus - 1 tsp, turf - 1 tsp, peat - 1 tsp, sand - 1 tsp. Plant care is the same as for peperomia.

Cousteau division produced annually in the spring, during plant transplantation. The composition of the earth is similar to the above.

When propagated by layering, long lying shoots of the plant are tightly bent to the surface of the sand. With high air humidity in a warm, bright place, they take root easily. After this, the shoots are cut. Each rooted shoot segment is planted in a pot, 1 copy. or 2-3 copies, depending on the purpose of reproduction.

Possible difficulties:

Due to lack of light and nutrition, the plant is prone to stretching and bare stems.

If the leaves turn brown at the tip, this may indicate insufficient air and substrate humidity.

Yellowing of leaves and their wilting most often occurs from waterlogging of the soil. Overmoistening is especially dangerous in winter period. Also, yellowing of leaves may be due to a lack of nutrients in the soil (chlorosis).

When the plant is placed in a sunny place, the leaves fade and become faded.

Application:

Black pepper promotes digestion and the Romans consumed it in large quantities. But this cannot be recommended. However, in the quantities in which it is used in our cuisine, it does not pose any harm to health.

Pepper is used for soups, gravies, sauces, vegetable salads, marinades, in the preparation of all types of meat, including game, savoy cabbage, beans, peas, lentils, sauerkraut, goulash, eggs, cheeses, tomatoes, fish, canned vegetables and a large number of other dishes that are prepared in our kitchen. Homemade pig slaughter, sausage production and a whole range of meat products cannot be done without black pepper.

Black pepper is the most versatile spice for many dishes. It goes on sale in the form of peas or ground. Ground peppercorns have the greatest aroma. Ground black pepper is used to season various dishes, minced meats, and fillings. Pepper is added to dishes shortly before cooking, otherwise, with prolonged cooking, the dish becomes excessively bitter. It is recommended to store ground pepper in hermetically sealed packaging, otherwise it will quickly fizzle out and lose its properties.