How to calculate the cubic capacity of an edged board. How many boards are in a cube: how to make calculations using various methods

Any construction work begins with a design and estimate, which involves calculating the amount of materials. Edged boards are one of the most popular materials from the range of timber trading enterprises. The basic unit of measurement for any lumber is 1 m3. However, it is important for the end user to know the number of boards in a cube of a certain length and thickness.

Instructions

Sometimes the manufacturer leaves a tag on the materials indicating the price of the package and the exact volume. But often the measurement is made by the storekeeper.

The calculation of cubic capacity will depend on the degree of processing of the material, type and variety. For example, edged and unedged boards are calculated differently. Also, calculation methods may be different for breeds. For coniferous and deciduous trees, you can use both measuring and multiplying the sides, and a standard designed to calculate the volume. The second method is the use of a collection of tables, where each meter of length and one piece of material corresponds to a volume. They are called cubatures.

To find the number of cut boards in 1 cube, you need to find out the volume of one of them by finding the product of three quantities, and then divide 1 m 3 by it.

Example:

• Section 150x25 mm
• Length 6 m

The first step is to convert all values ​​into meters: 150x25 mm = 0.15x0.025 m

0.15 x 0.025 x 6 = 0.0225 m3

We determine how many boards are in one cube: divide 1 m3 by cubic capacity (the volume of one board):

1 m 3 / 0.0225 = 44.4 pieces

Calculation may be required, for example, when determining the cost. So, if we take the price per cube equal to 6,500 rubles, then with a cubic capacity of 0.0225 m2, one will cost 146.25 rubles. But often the volume is rounded to 0.023. And then the materials cost the buyer 149.5 rubles per piece. And when rounding the quantity, the overpayment for 1 m 3 is 1%.

The calculation for unedged boards is made differently. If only one piece is purchased, then its length and thickness are measured in the same way as for trimmed material. But the average figure is taken for the width. For example, if it can vary from 15 to 23 cm per different ends, then you need to take the value in the middle.

If you need to find the volume large quantity boards, then they need to be sorted into piles according to the maximum match in length and width. It is better if the error does not exceed 10 cm. The height of the stack is measured using a tape measure in the middle of the board and the length. The result is multiplied by a special coefficient, which depends on air gap and is 0.07-0.09 units and is taken from the cubature reference book.

The table shows the estimated number of edged boards of spruce, pine, cedar and larch in a cube of lumber. Standard length is taken as 6 m, and the width is from 100 to 250 in increments of 50 mm. The thickness is 25-50 mm.

There are dozens of professions in the world related to wood, and specialists must be able not only to select and process wood correctly, but also to calculate everything. Every specialist should know how to calculate the cubic capacity of a board, because... This step is basic before starting construction.

The main stage of work

It is a little more difficult to calculate than an edged one, due to the fact that it has not 3 indicators, but 4. Often sellers try to provide their own cubeturners, which specifically indicate incorrect data, so everything always needs to be recalculated.

The volume of any lumber is calculated according to the standard school formula– V=abc, where a is width, b is height, c is length. Thus, let the edged board have parameters of 50x150x6000 mm, which are converted into meters, it turns out 0.05x0.15x6 = 0.045 m³ Everything is extremely simple and clear.

But at unedged boards everything is a little more complicated, because The width at the bottom and top is different. Using a tape measure, measurements are taken of the width of the board from below and above, after which the data is reduced to the arithmetic mean. Thus, the volume formula will look like: V=(a1+a2)/2bc, where a1 is the width of the lower edge, a2 is the width of the upper edge, b is the height and c is the length. In practice, let the top edge (narrow) be 150 mm, and the bottom 180 mm, height 50 and length 6000 mm, i.e. V=(0.15+0.18)/2x0.05x6=0.0495 m³. It is this data that will be used further for all calculations.

This data can already be used to calculate the amount of lumber per 1 m³. To do this you need 1/0.0495=20 pcs. Everything that remains after the decimal point must be rounded to form a whole number. The volume of lumber is calculated individually each time so that errors can be avoided.

An error is often identified when the wide side is taken as a basis, and the narrow side is not taken into account, which gives a small visible error for the client (1-2 pieces per 1 m³), ​​but the seller wins a significant profit. If 1 m³ leaves 1 board, then from every 19 m³ another 1 m³ remains, which already brings excess profits. And taking into account the required volumes of material, even for 1 house, this 5% pays off very seriously.

For example, here is a simple table where the widths are 150 and 180, and only the length and height differ:

Summarizing

The calculations themselves are not complicated, because are carried out according to formulas studied at school. But during the process, it is very important to approach the process with maximum rigor to avoid mistakes.

Only initially the process may seem complicated, but after 5-10 approaches everything will seem easier.

It is almost impossible to achieve waste-free lumber production. There are many reasons for this. When cutting logs into lumber standard sizes receive unedged boards as a by-product. This material is considered consumable, so its quality special requirements are not presented.

As finishing material not good edged boards deciduous trees. There are many ways to highlight the unusually beautiful structure of wood. This lumber is also distinguished by the beauty of its uncut edge.

Unedged lumber: properties and features

The cubic capacity is calculated based on the width, height and length of the board.

As a by-product, this building material has a relatively low price. Therefore, it is widely used for private housing construction as auxiliary material rough finishing of premises, etc.
These works involve calculating the number of copies. When selling, this parameter is measured in cubic meters Therefore, it is necessary to calculate in advance the volume required for the room.

The most used specimens are from 25 to 50 mm thick, from 3 to 6 m long. By determining the area of ​​​​the surface to be coated and multiplying it by the thickness of the coating, we obtain the required cubic capacity unedged lumber. It is necessary to remember: the thicker the lumber, the heavier it is, the greater the load on bearing structures building.

Measuring the cubic capacity of an unedged board.

However, it will not be possible to independently calculate the volume based on the dimensions of a separate board that does not have clear edge dimensions. In this case, OST 13‑24 (Fig. 1) and GOST 5306-83 will help you calculate correctly.
Three options for calculating volume are defined: batch, piece, selective.
When purchasing a package, you need to pay attention to the following:

• the front end of the package must be aligned;
• the rows should not contain overlapping boards;
• the width of the package must be the same along the entire length;
• displacement of the outer boards inward or outward is allowed no more than 100 mm.

The piece method is clear by definition. The sample calculation method is not used when purchasing a small volume of material, so it is not practical to determine it for small batches.

Determining cubic capacity using tables

Doc.1 gives examples of how to calculate cubic capacity in packages. To do this, you need to measure the length, width, height of the package, and calculate its volume. Then multiply the result by the stacking coefficient. This coefficient is given in Doc.1. To calculate the size of a package with 25 mm thick material, the resulting volume must be multiplied by 0.61 or 0.66 (depending on the moisture content of the wood).
How to calculate cubic capacity individually, you can see in Fig. 2. Sequence of piece calculation:

• select the thickness (mm), length (m) and desired width (mm);
• Based on the known area to be covered, the required amount of material (pcs.) is calculated;
• according to the diagram in Fig. 2 determine the volume of one copy;
• Using a known quantity, the required value is found.

Scheme in Fig. 2 defines the parameter of one board. Its length is limited to a range from 3 to 6 m. The gradation in length is the same for everyone, but the gradation in width is different.
Table 1 shows the thickness values ​​and the corresponding gradation in width. This will give you the opportunity to decide what to expect when purchasing.
Table 1

The tabular method of any calculations is the simplest. However, analysis of the data shown in Fig. 2 shows that the change in cubic capacity with a change in length obeys a linear law:
V = kL+b, (1)
where V is volume (m 3), L is length (m).
Table 2 contains the values ​​of the coefficient k and the free term b for boards 50 mm thick.
table 2

Calculation of the cubic capacity of boards will depend on whether the board is edged (including planed) or unedged. In the first case, it is easier to calculate the cubic capacity, since the lumber has the correct geometric shape parallelepiped. The cubic capacity of an unedged board - one whose sides are unprocessed, fast - is calculated somewhat differently.

Fortunately, calculating the cubic capacity of the board is not difficult. Either will help you with this table “How many boards in a cube”, or formula. The latter option is more reliable and more accurate.

Calculation of cubic capacity of edged boards

How many boards are in a cube (table)

From this table you can find out answers to the following popular questions: how to calculate the cubic capacity of boards, how many boards are in a cube, how many square meters boards in a cube, how many cubes are in one board according to the most popular sizes.

Edged board

Cubic capacity of edged boards 50 millimeters thick

Cubic capacity of edged boards 40 millimeters thick

The cubic capacity of edged boards is 32 millimeters thick

Cubic capacity of edged boards 30 millimeters thick

The cubic capacity of edged boards is 25 millimeters thick

Cubic capacity of edged boards 20 millimeters thick

where a is the thickness of the board

b – its width

l – its length

Board cubic capacity are calculated in cubic meters, so before calculating the cubic capacity of the board, all values ​​are converted from millimeters to meters. For example, let’s take a “magpie” board 40*200*6000: its thickness is 40 mm (0.04 m), width 200 mm (0.02 m), length – 6000 mm (6 m). Now we calculate the cubic capacity of the boards:

0.04*0.2*6=0.048 m 3

That is, one “magpie” board 100*6000 has a cubic capacity of 0.048 m 3. To determine, how many boards per cube e, all that remains is to divide 1 by the resulting amount:

1/0.048=21 boards in 1 m3.

Calculation of cubic capacity of unedged boards

An unedged board differs from an edged board in that it is not processed on the sides, that is, one side has irregular shape, and it is impossible to indicate the exact width of an unedged board. This is where difficulties arise with calculating the cubic capacity of unedged boards, which are easier to explain with a specific example.

Unedged board

Suppose you need to cover a rectangular building measuring 5*7 meters and 4 meters high with unedged boards. Your board is 50 millimeters (0.05 m) thick.

First, calculate the finishing area. To do this (remember the school), we multiply the perimeter of the building (two sides by 5, two sides by 7 - a total of 24 meters) by the height - 4 meters. We get 96 m2.

Now we multiply the area by the thickness of the material: 96 * 0.05 = 4.8 m 3

It turns out that for cladding, the width of each cladding element has virtually no effect on the overall cubic capacity. There are no exact cubic capacity tables for unedged boards and there cannot be, since it is not known from what part of the log the board was cut and what its thickness is on both sides, but it can be given some average data on the cubic capacity of unedged boards:

Calculating the cubic capacity of boards: what you need to remember

All board manufacturing companies round the numbers in the direction that is beneficial to them. An error occurs. In general, it’s small, but when it comes to hundreds of cubes or a lack of boards for cladding, the issue becomes acute. For example, the volume of one board is 0.018 m3, and the manufacturer rounded this figure to 0.02 m3. As a result, instead of the expected 55 boards, you will receive only 50. Therefore, always check with sellers for this information.

We hope our article shed light on questions about how many boards are in a cube, how to calculate the cubic capacity of a board, how many boards are in a cube, and how not to get into trouble when buying lumber.

Whether you are a carpenter or simply purchasing the required cubic volume of lumber based on calculations, the ability to correctly calculate the volume of lumber will help in correct drafting estimates and will save you from additional financial expenses.

The additional need to learn how to count the volume of lumber also comes from the fact that this is practically the only type building material, which is sold not by piece or by weight, but in cubic meters.

The quality, weight and cost of lumber are influenced by many factors, the surface of the wood (presence of chips, grinding, firing, cracks, etc.), humidity and cutting method, which can be tangential or radial.

Types of lumber

There are many types of lumber on the market today, which differ in their manufacturing method and performance characteristics:

Of course, it’s easier when the lumber is packaged in packages with exact indications of price and volume, but this is quite rare and the companies that produce large parties products at high prices. The price tag for a board from private sellers is usually lower, but the boards are usually delivered en masse without clear packaging. It is important to always buy a batch of slightly larger cubic capacity than necessary, since in the process construction work, most likely, it will be discovered that there is not enough lumber, and some of the products in the batch are defective.

Calculations for one cube of board will vary depending on the type of wood, as well as the level of processing of the lumber. Unedged and edged boards are calculated according to different formulas. As for the species, the easiest way is to count one cube of wood from coniferous species: the width, length and thickness of one board are measured and multiplied, and then the resulting indicators are multiplied by the amount of identical lumber.

An unedged board is obtained by longitudinally cutting logs without additional processing of the boards on the sides. Such lumber is cheaper than edged boards, but their disadvantage lies in the complex calculation of the cube of products. Unlike edged boards, it is not possible to calculate the total volume of lumber based on the dimensions of one board, since its width varies depending on the board; only the length and width remain identical. Differences in width occur due to the fact that unedged boards are cut from different sections of the log.

1 way

In unedged boards, there is often a disproportion between the thickness and width of the board at its different ends, so for correct calculations it is necessary to determine the minimum and maximum values ​​for the width and thickness of the board. We divide the resulting results by 2. The formula itself will look like this: (a1+a2)/2*(b1+b2)/2*c. If necessary, a calculator can be useful for correct calculations. The only drawback of this method is the high time consumption, because Due to the fact that the boards are very different, you will have to measure each unit of lumber separately.

Method 2

It is much easier to make calculations when it is necessary to cover some part of the building with boards, be it a floor or a wall. To do this, take the area that needs to be finished with boards and multiply it by the thickness of the sheathing material - the resulting number will be the required volume of lumber. For a better understanding, let's give an example: to cover the wall of a building with parameters 8 * 4 with a height of 4 meters, we use a board 20 mm thick.

We calculate the area of ​​the wall, namely: (8+8+4+4)*4=96 sq.m. Next, we multiply the resulting result with the thickness of the unedged board and we get: 95*0.020=1.9 kb.m. The width of the board does not matter; it does not have any effect on the calculations. But at the same time, for construction work, it will not be superfluous to find out the average values ​​of the board depending on its length. You can see the average data in the table below.

Edged board is the most popular type of lumber, which is slightly more expensive than edged board, because the wood is processed from all sides. To obtain it, the log is sawn lengthwise into boards, and then processed side faces, the resulting material has rectangular shape. The advantages of this sawmill material include greater durability, since harmful microorganisms are removed along with the bark, as well as improved joining with other sawmill materials due to the cleaned sides.

Edged boards undergo additional drying and many processing operations, due to which not only their performance characteristics, but also the price. The price is also affected by the type of wood and type of lumber.

Since the edged boards are identical in size, the cubic capacity will be calculated using a simple formula: V=l*h*a, where l,h,a is length, height and width respectively, and V is volume.

In construction, timber with square section, that is, with an aspect ratio of 100 * 100 mm. To calculate the cubic capacity of one beam, you need to multiply the product of its width and height by the length of the beam. For example, consider the case when it is necessary to purchase 30 units of timber with a cross-section of 100*100 mm and a length of 9 meters. To do this, multiply the width by the height, and multiply the resulting value by the length of one beam. In general, the calculations will look like this: 0.10*0.10*9=0.09 m3 - this will be the cubic capacity of one beam. Now we multiply this value by the amount of timber required, it turns out: 0.09*30=2.7 m3.

If there are grooves in the timber, this often does not in any way affect the cubic capacity, since the products in a batch of lumber are tightly connected to each other.

General conclusions

Calculate required amount cubic meters of lumber is not at all difficult if the formulas for calculations are known. After measurements, it will become much easier for you to calculate the required number of cubic meters and quickly find out its cost.