How to make a beautiful ceiling: consider some options. Which ceiling is better to make in an apartment: solutions for rooms with different functionality What is cheaper to make a ceiling from?

Do-it-yourself repairs require time and effort, but they help save on workers. In this article we will tell you how to do cheap ceiling without going broke on building materials and tools. After all, this is where it begins major renovation in any room, be it a room, kitchen or toilet.

How to make a cheap ceiling from plastic panels?

The variety of panels allows you to make any top: glossy or matte, plain or patterned, dark or light. This option has many advantages:

The panels are easily and quickly glued to the ceiling and are well fixed to each other.
There is no need to putty or level the surface before work.
The panels are moisture-resistant, wear-resistant and easy to clean from dirt.

Making a cheap ceiling with your own hands is real!

Covering with plastic panels is suitable for small rooms: bathroom, toilet, corridor. For a large room you will have to spend money: the width of one panel is only 25 cm, and you will need a lot of them.

How to make a ceiling cheaply and beautifully using wallpaper?

Wallpaper has long been used not only to decorate walls, but also ceilings. It is not difficult to glue them, especially in small room. The aesthetics of the result depends on the quality of the material and your experience. If there is not much, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with some recommendations.

Choose durable wallpaper with a vinyl or non-woven backing - they are easier to glue and do not require much effort.
Do not purchase wallpaper that requires adjustment of the pattern at the seams.
Before the process, prepare the ceiling: clean off the previous coating, prime and putty so that the surface is smooth.

The wider the wallpaper, the fewer seams on the ceiling. Therefore, pay attention to meter-sized, and not standard, 50 cm, canvases.

Other ways to make a cheap ceiling

If the surface of the ceiling leaves much to be desired and simple painting or plaster cannot be done, pay attention to following methods finishes:

foam panels;
drywall;
wooden panels.

These options do not require preliminary surface preparation and significant material costs. The panels are fixed with a special glue and fit perfectly together. Drywall is attached to a pre-assembled frame, the installation of which requires certain skills. This results in a budget option for a suspended ceiling, the shape and design of which will be limited only by your imagination.

To make it work beautiful ceiling, it is not necessary to hire craftsmen and spend a lot of money. Thanks to the variety and availability of building materials, you can renovate your apartment yourself. You just have to use your imagination good mood and a desire to improve housing.

How to make a ceiling, from what and in what way? Anyone who is planning to renovate their apartment ponders these questions. It will be easier to make a decision if you know all the main points of ceiling construction different types.

Which ceiling to choose

There are not so many options for ceiling installation that it is difficult to understand them. and today they are considered in extreme cases, but these methods of finishing the ceiling are still relevant. Although they are preferred less and less for the improvement of residential premises.

The point is not that such finishing is simple, but that it requires a whole range of labor-intensive and long work, among which:

removal of the old facing layer;
preparing the base ceiling;
its alignment.

Each of the listed stages includes a whole range of actions, most of which can only be performed efficiently by professionals. Therefore they are very popular modern methods ceiling installations made of modern materials.

In particular, ceilings today are made from:

drywall;
tension films;
plastic panels, slats, lining;
aluminum slats;
textured wallpaper;
decorative plaster;
flat and embossed glass.

Important! Lighting devices play an important role in the design of ceilings. Widest selection of overhead and built-in spotlights allows you to create surfaces of masterpiece beauty. And all this beauty is not as expensive as it might seem at first glance.

In any type of finishing materials and lighting fixtures There are more and less expensive product options. All of them are reliable in operation and aesthetically attractive. Therefore, you can choose the material and device in accordance with your financial capabilities.

Design features of modern ceilings

Modern trends in the construction and design of ceilings are aimed at minimizing labor costs and getting the maximum aesthetic effect. Therefore, almost all beautiful ceilings are suspended structures, behind which you can hide the imperfections of the base surface, wiring and communications. This significantly reduces repair time and makes it possible to save money, since there is no need to purchase materials for puttying and leveling the base floor.

The most popular among hanging ones the following types designs:

tension;
plasterboard;
rack and pinion;
glass.

The principles of the frame structure are the same for each of these types of ceilings.

The basic requirements for retaining structures are as follows:

strength;
ability to withstand design weight loads;
environmental Safety;
fire safety;
moisture resistance.

In accordance with these criteria for constructing frames suspended structures choose the most reliable materials - aluminum, high-strength plastic, well-dried wood and metal treated with fire-bioprotective compounds. For device plastic ceilings there are their own frame systems, the elements of which are made of more durable plastic.

Prices for suspended ceilings

suspended ceiling

In order to understand how to make a ceiling, you need to know that there are two main stages of work in this plan: rough (pre-finishing) finishing and finishing. The first is necessary if the surface is being prepared for whitewashing, painting or wallpapering. When constructing suspended structures, the pre-finishing stage of work is ignored. But instead, they are constructing a frame (sheathing).

How to properly stick wallpaper on the ceiling

Range ceiling wallpaper wide Choosing the best material for a particular case is complicated by a lack of understanding of the characteristics of different types of products.

In any finishing materials store you can see the following wallpapers:

vinyl;
non-woven;
paper;
glass wallpaper;
textile;
photo wallpaper.

There are no difficulties with paper and photo wallpapers, since everyone knows how to glue paper and what it is. But if you like non-woven, glass, vinyl or textile wallpapers, several questions immediately arise: what are their features, how to stick them, how to care for them, how long will they last? Some of these questions can be answered in the manufacturers' instructions. adhesive mixtures designed for gluing this type of wallpaper. But there is no information about the features and rules of care.

Prices for photo wallpapers

photo wallpaper

It's actually not that complicated. Before you go to the store, there are a few things to remember.

Table. Features and Specifications various types wallpaper

Type of wallpaper	Features and Specifications
	The composition of non-woven wallpaper includes cellulose fibers (more than 70% of the total volume of components), which is a natural and environmentally friendly material. Thanks to it, the canvases are strong and thick enough to hide significant surface imperfections and reinforce small defects. Therefore, such wallpapers are the best choice for those who do not want to carry out the entire range of work on pre-finishing the ceiling. The base that holds the cellulose is non-woven fabric. It is elastic and sufficiently moisture-resistant material, which determines the main properties of this wallpaper.
	Vinyl wallpaper got its name due to the characteristics of the top (front) layer. It is made of vinyl - a durable and malleable material that allows you to obtain a structured surface with a pronounced relief. The base of such wallpaper (backing) can be paper or non-woven. Vinyl offers a wide choice of designs. Therefore, in this type of wallpaper there are products with embossing, silk-screen printing, interspersed with various sparkles and crystals.
	The glass wallpaper is based on sand, soda, dolomite and lime. These fabrics are woven on equipment designed for this purpose from yarn obtained using a special technology. Glass wallpaper is environmentally friendly and absolutely non-flammable material. They are easy to clean and stick even to difficult surfaces. The textured front side allows you to disguise small flaws in the base ceiling.
	U textile wallpaper Only the top, front layer is fabric. The bottom one can be made of paper or non-woven fabric. This parameter determines what kind of glue you need to buy for finishing the ceiling with fabric sheets. Textile wallpaper is one of the most spectacular and stylish. Facial layer can be made of velor, jute, cotton, linen, synthetic fibers. This type of wallpaper has good sound absorption, vapor permeability and thermal conductivity.

Technique for gluing different types of wallpaper to the ceiling

When wallpapering a ceiling, take into account one rule that is unchanged for all types of this material: if the base surface is quite loose and unstable (for example, crumbling lime or plaster), it must be cleaned, strengthened (puttyed) and primed.

The next step is choosing glue. To securely fix the wallpaper, you need a composition that takes into account the characteristics of the lower layer of the canvas. There is no difficulty in choosing glue: each manufacturer indicates on the packaging what type of product its product is intended for.

Choose any method of applying glue: using a paint brush or a roller with a long or short handle. If you decide to use the latter, you will need a tray or piece of thick cardboard on which to roll the roller, squeezing it out and removing excess glue. Otherwise, dripping from the ceiling is inevitable.

In most cases, applying adhesive to the base surface is sufficient. But when gluing dense and thick canvases (non-woven fabric, glass wallpaper, textured vinyl), it is recommended to apply glue to the reverse side of the canvases.

While working, you need to adhere to several rules:

perform wallpapering at positive air temperatures;
prevent drafts from appearing in the room;
carefully remove excess glue and air bubbles that form under the wallpaper during gluing to the ceiling.

How to make a ceiling in a private house

Decorating a ceiling in a private house is no different from a similar process in an apartment. But the underlying reasons often differ significantly. IN apartment buildings the floors are concrete, which determines the features of the pre-finishing process. For example, if you need to remove old paint, you can use the method of firing it.

In a private house, the floors are in most cases wooden. They are much more difficult, for example, to plaster. Many experts consider this idea pointless and unwise for finishing natural surfaces. But if you really want, you can attach a special one to the ceiling plaster mesh and apply a layer of finishing to it. This is exactly what most owners of private houses did not so long ago.

But modern realities dictate their own conditions - a plastered ceiling in a private house is no longer so attractive and presentable. Interior design trends place an emphasis on naturalness and naturalness. Therefore, the ceilings in modern wooden houses are decorated with tinted beams, simultaneously zoning the rooms.

Ideal for decorating the upper floors of such buildings wooden lining. This material can be coated with any paint and varnish. This finish will be in perfect harmony with the material of the walls and ceiling, which will create an environmentally friendly atmosphere in the house.

Important! In private houses, you can install any type of suspended structures: rack, plasterboard, tension. The choice of materials for decorating the ceiling depends on the purpose of the room and the style of its interior.

Features of installation of suspended plasterboard structures

For the construction of the frame on which the finishing material will be fixed, you can choose wooden blocks or metal profile. Since drywall is heavy, the frame strips should be located at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. This will ensure the strength and stability of the structure.

Before starting work, you need to draw up a diagram of the suspended ceiling, which should show the dimensions of each line and each figure (for multi-tiered structures). The ceiling is called suspended because it is located at some distance from the base surface and is held at a certain height with the help of special devices— suspensions. Particular attention must be paid to the fastening of these frame elements, since they bear the main load.

Sheathing with plasterboard is a simple but labor-intensive process. You need to know that there should be a distance of 2-3 mm between the sheets of this material. This is a damper gap, the function of which is to compensate for the movement of drywall.

Drywall prices

drywall

The next stage after sheathing is puttying. Fiberglass mesh “serpyanka” is glued to the seams between the gypsum board sheets and the ends of the tiers, after which they begin to apply putty and its subsequent sanding.

The lining of a plasterboard ceiling can be different. The most common choice is painting and wallpapering. But you can apply liquid wallpaper or decorative plaster.

Drywall (gypsum plasterboard) and metal profiles are the main materials that are used to finish the ceiling using the method described in the article. They have a number of varieties, their choice depends on the specific needs of the owner of the house and the characteristics of the room. Read more.

Video - DIY plasterboard ceiling

Features of installation of suspended plastic ceilings

Since plastic is lightweight material, its installation does not require a solid frame. Wooden blocks or metal profiles can be used as planks. But you can construct a frame from U-shaped strips and stringers included in the package slatted ceilings. These are lightweight and fairly durable profiles that are perfect for rooms with high humidity.

The U-shaped profile is installed along the walls of the room at the level of the new ceiling. Stringers perform the function of longitudinal and transverse beams, supported by hangers attached to the base ceiling. That is, the principle of constructing the frame is the same as in the case of plasterboard suspended structures.

The method of fastening plastic panels depends on the material of the profiles. If these are plastic stringers, the facing slats are inserted into the openings intended for this purpose. If these are wooden blocks or metal profiles, the panels are secured using self-tapping screws.

Polyvinyl chloride is a material widely used in most different areas activities, it finds its application in construction. Installation here does not require high qualifications and expensive equipment, you just need to familiarize yourself with it.

Ceiling finishing with decorative plaster

Applying plaster to a ceiling is not an easy task. And the process of surface decoration significantly increases the labor intensity of the work. But all these difficulties are quickly forgotten when the desired result is achieved. The ceiling made of decorative plaster looks very impressive and presentable. Therefore, it is worth working hard to create such an aesthetically attractive surface.

What plaster to choose for ceiling decoration?

The finishing materials market offers two types of decorative plaster:

structural;
textured.

Both of these materials are suitable for decorating ceilings in residential premises. But for an easier choice, you need to know about the features of each of them. Structural decorative plaster is only white, so it needs to be tinted using any suitable compositions for this purpose - dyes, water-soluble pigments, tinting agents.

Prices for decorative plaster

decorative plaster

Textured plaster is a ready-to-use material with a specific color. The mixtures include all the components necessary to obtain a decorative layer. Therefore, with textured plaster It’s easier for those who don’t have experience applying it to the ceiling.

You can choose any mixture:

large-textured with grain with a diameter of 3-5 mm;
with average size filler (1.5-2 mm);
with a fine texture (grain diameter no more than 0.5-1 mm);
fine-textured (filler diameter less than 0.5 mm).

The technology for applying any of the above compounds is the same.

Based on the type of filler, the following types are distinguished: plaster mixtures:

polymer;
silicone;
silicate;
mineral.

The first ones are most convenient for decorating surfaces like marble or leather. Silicone has a wide range of color range and have excellent vapor permeability. Silicate ones are known for their resistance to the formation of dirt, which is why they are optimal for decorating ceilings in kitchens and hallways. Mineral plasters are universal and can be used in any type of premises.

Silicate decorative plaster “bark beetle”

Preparatory work

Before applying decorative composition, the ceiling surface needs to be prepared. If found significant differences heights and large flaws, level the surface. For this purpose, special mixtures (“Rotband”, “Fügenfüller”) and metal beacons (perforated narrow strips) are used. The method of leveling ceilings using plaster mixtures is called “wet”.

There is also a “dry” method. It consists of installing plasterboard sheets on the ceiling. In this case, you will need to build a wooden or metal frame. In the end it should work out. Plaster is applied to this surface from gypsum board sheets.

It is possible to level the base surface using a finishing material - decorative plaster. But in this case, the mixture consumption increases significantly. If the surface defects are significant, a fiberglass mesh will be required, which will act as a reinforcing material.

Primer selection

Before you start finishing works, choose and buy a primer composition. It will ensure high-quality adhesion. You can use the same means as when puttingtying gypsum plasterboard.

There are 4 types of primer compositions:

alkyd;
acrylic;
polyurethane;
silicone.

Important! Any of them is suitable for preparing the ceiling for applying decorative plaster. When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the properties of the composition. It is optimal if it has the ability to protect the surface from moisture and the formation of mold and mildew.

Universal primers include most products of the companies “Knauf”, “Perfecta”, “Starateli”. Forbo Eurocol, Ceresit C17, and ALC-PRIMER primers are popular. Cover the ceiling with a solution using paint brush, roller or spray gun. The choice of tool depends on the amount of work and ease of use in a particular case.

Technology of applying decorative plaster to the ceiling

Step 1. Preparatory stage. Before applying a new finishing layer, remove the old one. Dust the ceiling.

Step 2. Application of priming solution. Depending on the complexity of the base surface, the ceiling is covered in 1 or 2 layers. Wait for the primer to dry completely, focusing on the time interval specified by the manufacturer. On average, the break between applying each subsequent layer of primer is 3-4 hours.

Step 3. Preparing the batch. The dry mixture is diluted with water in the proportion specified by the manufacturer on the product packaging.

Step 4. Laying decorative plaster. To perform the work, use rubber, plastic, or metal spatulas. The first base layer may be the only one. It depends on the complexity of the ceiling surface and the need to level it.

The plaster is scooped onto a spatula with a wide blade and applied to the ceiling, evenly distributing the composition over its surface. The same tool is used to level and smooth the layer.

Step 5. Ceiling decoration. The plasticity and relatively long hardening period of decorative plasters makes it possible to create different types of textures on the ceiling surface - from relatively flat to embossed with protrusions up to 7-10 mm in height. The latter will help hide all the unevenness of the base surface.

Decoration of the plaster layer is carried out within 15-20 minutes after its application. If compositions with coarse or medium-grained filler are selected, this stage of work can be skipped. Such mixtures themselves form a surface with a pronounced texture.

In other cases, various techniques, objects and tools are used to decorate the ceiling. An effective texture can be achieved using ordinary plastic bag, rolled into a ball. This device is used to touch wet plaster, leaving chaotically located grooves and dents on it. After which the ceiling is lightly smoothed with a grater or spatula.

Demonstration of obtaining the “bark beetle” effect of textured plaster

Important! Instead of a plastic bag, you can use paper, a foam sponge, a stencil, or a textured roller. The choice depends on what effect they are trying to achieve.

Video - Venetian decorative plaster on the ceiling

How to make a glass ceiling

Glass ceilings are an infrequent choice when decorating apartments and private houses. The relatively low popularity of this finishing method is explained by the apparent complexity of working with glass. In fact, everything is different: today you can buy special frames for installing glass panels. These structures are easy to install and are almost a complete analogue of the famous Armstrong ceilings.

Glass ceiling with decorative inserts

Glass panels can be different:

stained glass type;
plain;
matte;
tinted;
mirrored;
with photo printing
embossed.

Since the weight of the stele is quite large, the optimal panel sizes are within 29.5x29.5 cm and 59.5x59.5 cm. Such panels will not create a significant load on the frame. Evenly distributed weight can withstand not only metal, but also plastic sheathing.

Glass ceilings are good because they do not require preliminary preparation of the base surface. In addition, they have another advantage - the ability to create spectacular lighting.

Ready-made glass ceiling designs are offered by Albes (Russia) and Geipel (Germany). Manufacturers produce two types of frames - rack and cassette. The suspension system can be open or closed type. In the first case, the supporting profiles are visible, in the second they are hidden behind cladding panels. Using T-24 or T-25 suspension systems, you can quickly install and dismantle a glass ceiling.

Table. Characteristics of the Albes and Geipel suspension systems.

metal supporting profile;
lock type - solid cut;
type of connection of guide rails with supporting profiles - overlap;
cell cross-section is square;
Dimensions of glass plates - 60x60 cm.

Glass ceiling installation technology

Installation of cassette ones is in many ways identical. Having dealt with one, it will not be difficult to install a frame of another type. Let's consider the installation technology glass ceiling using the suspended example cassette system"Albes."

Step 1. Preparing to attach the guides. If any utility networks run along the ceiling line, all these communications must be strengthened.

Step 2. Determining the level of the Albes cassette ceiling. It is necessary to determine and mark the level at which the cassette ceiling frame will be installed. This can be done in several ways: using a bubble level and a water level, a plumb line and a chalk line. Any tools that allow you to get straight horizontal lines along the walls of the room will do.

Step 3. Installation around the perimeter of the room (along the marking lines) of the PL 19/24 guide profile.

Before attaching the profile, holes are drilled in the walls using a drill (perforator) and a drill bit with Victory tip.
After this, the recess is dust-free and a dowel-nail of the appropriate cross-section is driven into it.
Next, apply the profile to the wall and mark the installation points of the dowels on it.
Holes are drilled in the marked places in the profile.
The guides are attached to the walls using self-tapping screws.

Step 4. Marking of snap axes. Between the guides, from one wall to the other, strings (strong threads, thin ropes, twine) are pulled so that they repeat the diagram of the hanging cassette system with square section cells.

Step 5. The intersection points of the stretched threads are projected onto the ceiling and these places are marked with a marker.

Step 6. Installation of hangers. At the marks, hangers are attached so that the distances from the walls are no more than 60 cm. This requirement applies to panels weighing up to 4 kg/m2. If the mass of glass slabs exceeds this value, the maximum distance from the walls should not exceed 45 cm.

Step 7 Installation of T-profiles. The guide profiles of the Albes suspension systems have special locking fasteners that ensure the strength of the frame and prevent it from sagging. Optimal choice– profiles with solid-cut locks.

Step 8 Laying glass panels. Glass slabs are inserted one by one into the mounted suspension system and placed on T-profile guides. No additional fastening of the plates is required.

If the glass ceiling is illuminated, electrical wiring is installed at the stage of preparing the base surface and attaching communications.

Video - Installation instructions for Armstrong type suspended ceiling

A person entering an unfamiliar room for the first time first glances at his surroundings, including the ceiling. It should be noted that the impression of the interior as a whole will largely depend on the condition of the ceiling and its covering. The abundance of building materials allows you to implement the most daring ideas in interior design. We will consider the methods and types in detail in this article.

Traditional finishing method - classic approach

Ceiling repairs can be done in different ways. There are several finishing options. With full confidence to classic materials This includes paint, whitewash, wallpaper. Despite their apparent simplicity, the use of these materials requires high-quality preparation of the surface for their installation.

You can save on repairs by using materials mounted on the frame (sheathing). Not much time is spent on assembling it, but the materials attached to the sheathing reliably hide all defects ceiling surface. And to answer the question, how to make repairs easily? Answer: paint or plaster.

Adhesive boards - step by step instructions

At one time, polystyrene tiles were very popular; their surface could be smooth or embossed, made to look like wood, stone, etc. And the question of how to repair the ceiling in an apartment with your own hands was put to rest for a long time.

Polystyrene tiles are covered with a polymer film, which reliably protects against damage. The main advantage of the material is speed and easy installation. Another advantage is sound and heat insulation. When laying tiles, you must follow a certain sequence of work.

1st step. Cleaning and priming the surface. The last operation is necessary for a tighter fit of the tiles to the ceiling base, that is, to increase adhesion.
2nd step. Laying the first slabs. The operation begins from the center of the ceiling, usually taking the place where the chandelier is installed as the starting point. To fix the tiles to the ceiling, you can use liquid nails or specialized adhesive composition. Before using the glue, you must make sure that its use is acceptable for polystyrene.
3rd step. Installation of cornices. They help disguise the edges of the laid tiles and give the room completeness.

With a number of advantages this building material There is significant drawback. Under the influence sun rays he starts to lose his operational properties, and this negatively affects the service life. Using foam tiles, you can repair the ceiling yourself.

Suspended structures - solving design problems

In recent years, so-called suspended structures have become popular. They are divided into open and closed system. The suspended structure is a frame that is located at some distance from the ceiling. In addition to the frame, the suspension system includes plates fixed to it. Such designs have a number of advantages, for example, environmental safety for others. Suspended ceilings provide good sound insulation, fire resistance and a number of other advantages.

IN Lately Ceilings with mirror coating have become popular among consumers. Using this solution will provide an imitation of the volume of the room and can be considered an excellent solution for rooms with a small area.

In addition to solving design problems, the space remaining between the ceiling and the covering can be used for utilities - ventilation, electricity, etc.

Hemmed structures - masking defects

These structures differ from suspended ones in that they are attached directly to the base. Parts made of wood and galvanized metal can be used as elements. Ceilings of this class are used in rooms with low height. Can be used as ceiling coverings fiberboard slabs, drywall, etc.

Such ceiling structures not only provide an aesthetic component of the interior, but also provide camouflage of base defects. Using systems of this type allows you to create a beautiful ceiling.

Tension systems

Stretch ceilings, which consist of a frame and polyvinyl chloride fabric, are very popular. There are practically no disadvantages to this type of coating, the only thing is that its installation requires the participation of professional installers.

There are several types of suspended ceilings that can radically change the appearance of a room. For the first, a PVC sheet 5 meters wide is used, for the second - fabric cloth up to 2 meters wide, which creates certain difficulties when installing a stretch ceiling. They differ from each other not only in the type of material, but also in the installation method. So, before you repair the ceiling with polymer film, it is necessary to ensure the room temperature is above 60 degrees

Coffered ceiling - an elegant choice

A decorative structure made in the form of separate niches or cells and beams of different sections and shapes is called a coffered ceiling. Not so long ago, ceilings of this type served as camouflage load-bearing structures ceiling. Nowadays, such a need has disappeared, and now they are used exclusively for decorative purposes. A striking element of such a structure is the caisson - the so-called recess around which they build decorative beams and other elements.

Let's start the repair - a set of tools

To complete them quality repairs there is no need to use any special tools and materials. Below is short list everything you need to independently repair the ceiling in an apartment or house.

1. Electric tool - drill shock action with a set of drills and augers of different diameters, a screwdriver and bits for it.
2. Spatulas different configurations made of metal and rubber.
3. Measuring tool – building level, tape measure, plumb line. To carry out work on large areas It makes sense to use laser devices.
4. Construction knife. To work with suspended and hemmed structures, a hacksaw for wood or metal will be useful.
5. Containers for water, mortar, plaster, etc. For this, you can use plastic buckets of different sizes.
6. Wire cutters, pliers, etc.
7. A stepladder with a height of 1.5 - 2 meters.
8. Means personal protection– glasses, gloves, special clothing.

You need to understand that this is a short list and different-sized screwdrivers, etc., will probably come in handy.

Choice ceiling covering depends on the taste and financial capabilities of the homeowner, but there are at least two premises in which special requirements To finishing materials, including the ceiling covering - this is the kitchen and sanitary unit. Premises that are distinguished by constant high humidity, this leaves an imprint on the choice of the type of ceiling covering. Let's look at the kitchen as an example.

To solve the above problem, the homeowner must consider several factors.

1. Resistance to moisture. There are two reasons for this - there is almost always high humidity in the kitchen, and the second is the likelihood that the neighbors from above will flood it.
2. Easy to clean the coating from soot and grease deposits that occur during cooking.
3. Concealing defects of the old ceiling - cracks, stains from flooding, ventilation holes, far from perfect design.
4. Long service life.
5. Environmental safety.
6. Compliance general interior apartments or houses.

A few words in conclusion

The price of repairs will depend primarily on the cost of materials that will be spent to complete the work. Since the homeowner relies on himself, he will be able to save a significant amount that would have been requested professional specialists. But it’s hardly possible to do without them. In particular, when solving issues with engineering communications.

Most of the work will have to be done from a stepladder, and this requires special care and attention. After all, falling even from a low height can cause serious health problems.

I would like to immediately note that if you are unsure of your abilities, it is still better to turn to professionals.

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- Floor Repair and finishing of the floor An integral part of the interior of a living space is the floor. Trouble-free living of household members is associated with the condition of the floor base and flooring. Even the health of the apartment's inhabitants directly depends on whether the floor is warm or cold. This is especially true for small children who spend most of their time playing on the floor. Modern building materials require absolute evenness of the base on which installation is planned. This section of the site combines publications in which we describe and show the process of preparation, installation and installation of screed, “warm floors” and finishing.
- Ceiling Ceiling repair and finishing It is known that ceilings in modern apartments are not particularly smooth. The team of our site, drawing on vast experience, will suggest many ways to repair, level and finish them with finishing building materials. Tension - PVC and fabric, hanging - plasterboard, coffered, Armstrong and grillto, covered with wallpaper and painted. Each type of ceiling can become a real masterpiece. Step-by-step instructions, photographs and videos about the installation or installation of each type of ceiling are collected in this section of the site. Using these materials, you can easily do everything yourself or professionally supervise the craftsmen hired to carry out the work.
- Walls Construction, leveling and finishing of walls Having a roof over your head is, of course, great, but it wouldn’t hurt to rest it on strong walls that have been built to last. In the apartments of block and brick high-rise buildings, they are naturally strong, but curved, like a Janissary's saber. Therefore, before finishing, they need to be leveled, and at the same time soundproofed in order to isolate themselves from noisy and reckless neighbors. And walls bordering the atmospheric environment also require insulation. In this section of the site we have collected descriptions of building materials and step-by-step instructions on installation, installation and fastening of finishing, as well as sound, noise and even waterproofing of walls.
- Toilet and sewerage Repairing a toilet The age of the Internet and urbanization, super speed and stress leaves virtually no room for privacy and the opportunity to calmly reflect on the complexity of life. Household chores also do not conduce to special philosophical activity of the brain. However, throughout the day, even a super-busy person finds time for solitude and calm reflection. This time is dictated by nature itself and the place for it, no matter how funny it may be, is the toilet. This section of our website contains publications about the arrangement of a toilet, sewerage system, the choice of plumbing fixtures and its installation.

Home » Ceiling

How to make a ceiling

Which ceiling to choose

There are not so many options for ceiling installation that it is difficult to understand them. today they are considered in extreme cases, but these methods of finishing the ceiling are still relevant. Although they are preferred less and less for the improvement of residential premises.

The point is not that such finishing is simple, but that it requires a whole range of labor-intensive and time-consuming work, including:

removal of the old facing layer;
preparing the base ceiling;
its alignment.

Each of the listed stages includes a whole range of actions, most of which can only be performed efficiently by professionals. Therefore, modern methods of constructing a ceiling from modern materials are very popular.

In particular, ceilings today are made from:

drywall;
stretch films or fabrics;
plastic panels,
slats, linings;
aluminum slats;
textured wallpaper;
decorative plaster;
flat and embossed glass.

Lighting devices play an important role in the design of ceilings. The widest allows you to create surfaces of masterpiece beauty. And all this beauty is not as expensive as it might seem at first glance.

For any type of finishing materials and lighting fixtures, there are more and less expensive product options. All of them are reliable in operation and aesthetically attractive. Therefore, you can choose the material and device in accordance with your financial capabilities.

Design features of modern ceilings

Modern trends in the construction and design of ceilings are aimed at minimizing labor costs and obtaining maximum aesthetic effect. Therefore, almost all beautiful ceilings are suspended structures, behind which you can hide the imperfections of the base surface, wiring and communications.

This significantly reduces repair time and makes it possible to save money, since there is no need to purchase materials for puttying and leveling the base floor.

The most popular types of suspended structures are:

tension;
plasterboard;
rack and pinion;
glass.

The principles of the frame structure are the same for each of these types of ceilings.

The basic requirements for retaining structures are as follows:

strength;
ability to withstand design weight loads;
environmental Safety;
fire safety;
moisture resistance.

In accordance with these criteria, the most reliable materials are selected for constructing the frames of suspended structures - aluminum, high-strength plastic, well-dried wood and metal treated with fire-retardant compounds.

For the installation of plastic ceilings, there are frame systems, the elements of which are made of more durable plastic.

How to properly stick wallpaper on the ceiling

The range of ceiling wallpapers is wide. Choosing the best material for a particular case is complicated by a lack of understanding of the characteristics of different types of products.

In any finishing materials store you can see the following wallpapers:

vinyl;
non-woven;
paper;
glass wallpaper;
textile;
photo wallpaper.

Some of these questions can be answered in the instructions of the manufacturers of adhesive mixtures intended for gluing this type of wallpaper. But there is no information about the features and rules of care.

It's actually not that complicated. Before you go to the store, there are a few things to remember.

Features and characteristics of various types of wallpaper.

Non-woven wallpaper

The composition of non-woven wallpaper includes cellulose fibers (more than 70% of the total volume of components), which is a natural and environmentally friendly material. Thanks to it, the canvases are strong and thick enough to hide significant surface imperfections and reinforce small defects.

Therefore, such wallpapers are the best choice for those who do not want to carry out the entire range of work on pre-finishing the ceiling. The base that holds the cellulose is non-woven fabric. This is an elastic and sufficiently moisture-resistant material, which determines the main properties of this wallpaper.

Vinyl wallpapers

They got their name because of the characteristics of the top (front) layer. It is made of vinyl - a durable and malleable material that allows you to obtain a structured surface with a pronounced relief.

The base of such wallpaper (backing) can be paper or non-woven. Vinyl offers a wide choice of designs. Therefore, in this type of wallpaper there are products with embossing, silk-screen printing, interspersed with various sparkles and crystals.

Glass wallpaper

The glass wallpaper is based on sand, soda, dolomite and lime. These fabrics are woven on equipment designed for this purpose from yarn obtained using a special technology.

Fiberglass is an environmentally friendly and completely non-flammable material. They are easy to clean and stick even to difficult surfaces. The textured front side allows you to disguise small flaws in the base ceiling.

Textile wallpaper

For textile wallpaper, only the top, front layer is fabric. The bottom one can be made of paper or non-woven fabric. This parameter determines what kind of glue you need to buy for finishing the ceiling with fabric sheets.

Textile wallpaper is one of the most spectacular and stylish. The front layer can be made of velor, jute, cotton, linen, and synthetic fibers. This type of wallpaper has good sound absorption, vapor permeability and thermal conductivity.

Technique for gluing different types of wallpaper to the ceiling

When wallpapering a ceiling, take into account one rule that is unchanged for all types of this material - if the base surface is quite loose and unstable (for example, crumbling lime or plaster), it must be cleaned, strengthened (puttyed) and primed.

While working, you need to adhere to several rules:

perform wallpapering at positive air temperatures;
prevent drafts from appearing in the room;
carefully remove excess glue and air bubbles that form under the wallpaper during gluing to the ceiling.

How to make a ceiling in a private house

Decorating a ceiling in a private house is no different from a similar process in an apartment. But the underlying reasons often differ significantly. In apartment buildings, the floors are concrete, which determines the features of pre-finishing. For example, if you need to remove old paint, you can use the burning method.

In a private house, the floors are in most cases wooden. They are much more difficult, for example, to plaster. Many experts consider this idea pointless and unwise for finishing natural surfaces. But if you really want, you can attach a special plaster mesh to the ceiling and apply a layer of finishing to it. This is exactly what most owners of private houses did not so long ago.

Wooden lining is ideal for decorating the upper floors of such buildings. This material can be coated with any paint and varnish. This finish will be in perfect harmony with the material of the walls and ceiling, which will create an environmentally friendly atmosphere in the house.

In private houses, you can install any type of suspended structures: rack, plasterboard, tension. The choice of materials for decorating the ceiling depends on the purpose of the room and the style of its interior.

Features of installation of suspended plasterboard structures

To construct the frame on which the finishing material will be fixed, you can choose wooden blocks or metal profiles. Since drywall is heavy, the frame strips should be located at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. This will ensure the strength and stability of the structure.

Before starting work, you need to draw up a diagram of the suspended ceiling, which should show the dimensions of each line and each figure (for multi-tiered structures).

The ceiling is called suspended because it is located at a certain distance from the base surface and is held at a certain height with the help of special devices - suspensions. Particular attention must be paid to the fastening of these frame elements, since they bear the main load.

– the process is simple, but labor-intensive. You need to know that there should be a distance of 2-3 mm between the sheets of this material. This is a damper gap, the function of which is to compensate for the movement of drywall.

The lining of a plasterboard ceiling can be different. The most common choice is painting and wallpapering. But you can apply liquid wallpaper or decorative plaster.

Drywall (gypsum plasterboard) and metal profiles are the main materials that are used to finish the ceiling using the method described in the article. They have a number of varieties, their choice depends on the specific needs of the owner of the house and the characteristics of the room.

Features of installation of suspended plastic ceilings

Since plastic is a lightweight material, its installation does not require a solid frame. Wooden blocks or metal profiles can be used as planks. But you can construct a frame from U-shaped planks and stringers included in the package of slatted ceilings. These are lightweight and fairly durable profiles that are perfect for rooms with high humidity.

Bathroom ceiling made of plastic panels

Polyvinyl chloride is a material widely used in a variety of fields of activity; it also finds its application in construction. Installation here does not require high qualifications and expensive equipment; you just need to familiarize yourself with the algorithm for its implementation. And as mentioned above, the material’s properties are suitable for any room in the apartment. Therefore, installing plastic panels in the bathroom is the most advantageous finishing option.

What plaster to choose for ceiling decoration?

The finishing materials market offers two types of decorative plaster:

structural;
textured.

Both of these materials are suitable for decorating ceilings in residential premises. But for an easier choice, you need to know about the features of each of them.

Structural decorative plaster is only white, so it needs to be tinted using any suitable compositions for this purpose - dyes, water-soluble pigments, tinting agents.

Textured plaster is a ready-to-use material with a specific color. The mixtures include all the components necessary to obtain a decorative layer. Therefore, it is easier to work with textured plaster for those who do not have experience in applying it to the ceiling.

You can choose any mixture:

large-textured with grain with a diameter of 3-5 mm; with an average filler size (1.5-2 mm);
with a fine texture (grain diameter no more than 0.5-1 mm);
fine-textured (filler diameter less than 0.5 mm).

The technology for applying any of the above compositions is almost the same.

Based on the type of filler, the following types of plaster mixtures are distinguished:

polymer;
silicone;
silicate;
mineral.

The first ones are most convenient for decorating surfaces like marble or leather. Silicone ones come in a wide range of colors and have excellent vapor permeability. Silicate ones are known for their resistance to the formation of dirt, which is why they are optimal for decorating ceilings in kitchens and hallways. Mineral plasters are universal and can be used in any type of premises.