Rat poison formula. Rat poison - a lethal dose for humans, symptoms and consequences of poisoning

Rat poison (or rodenticide) is the general name for substances used to control different types rodent pests. Because such drugs are readily available, their danger to people is ignored by some. Careless use of rodenticide is a leading cause in humans and pets.

Types and effects of rodenticides

There are several types of rat poison, differing in their principle of action:

  1. Ratside and zinc phosphide are highly toxic and their use is limited by strict controls. The use of such a poison is a last resort when slow-acting poisons do not work. These drugs cause 100% rapid death of all rodents.
  2. Compounds of lead and arsenic, strychnine, thallium sulfate, white or yellow phosphorus - they were previously used, but now their use is prohibited.
  3. Modern drugs against mice and rats, which are commercially available, which include zoocoumarins (anticoagulants). These poisons do not accumulate in the human body and are eliminated in 3-4 days. The consequences of poisoning manifest themselves individually, based on the health status of the individual.

The lethal dose of rat poison for humans depends on the composition of the individual drug, because the active substance in each poison is not the same and has a different concentration. Much also depends on the physical condition of the victim. When a person has liver problems, he can become very poisoned by rat poison. After all, the anticoagulants contained in the poison destroy the blood components necessary for its clotting. And it is these components that the liver synthesizes, so it is under the most severe attack.

In general, it is difficult to become seriously poisoned by rat poison, because its dosage is calculated on small rodents. That is, an adult would have to eat enough of it to seriously suffer. Usually the poison contains 0.1-2% active substance, the rest is bait for rodents. The poison will be fatal for a person if he consumes 3-4 g of the active substance, or approximately 150 g of poison - this is a lot.

And although death from rat poison among people is rare, this poison can seriously undermine health. Therefore, no risk is justified and safety measures must be strictly observed.

How modern rat poisons “work”

The active substance of many modern drugs against rodents are anticoagulants, or zoocoumarins. These are substances that prevent the blood from clotting by disrupting the production of vitamin K. This substance, or vikasol, is a cofactor in the synthesis of prothrombin, without which the blood cannot clot.

The anticoagulants contained in rat poison enter the blood very quickly, reaching their maximum concentration there in three hours. Since many rodents turned out to be resistant to warfarin, brodifactum and difenacoum were used as the main components of drugs for poisoning them. The latter have proven to be 100 times more effective than warfarin. These are potent poisons, poisoning with them leads to intense coagulopathy (blood clotting disorder), heavy bleeding, so providing timely assistance is vital.

Diagnostics and first aid for intoxication

When poison enters the human body, it is not immediately felt. Signs of intoxication appear on the 3-4th day and have the nature of a chronic disease. Quite rarely, when a lot of poison has been eaten, the symptoms of poisoning become apparent after 12-24 hours.

The poisoned person suffers from:

  • weaknesses,
  • loss of appetite and nausea,
  • headache,
  • bleeding gums,
  • bleeding mucous membranes,
  • internal hemorrhages,
  • profuse bleeding even due to a minor wound,
  • diarrhea with blood,
  • abdominal pain,
  • nosebleeds,
  • the appearance of bloody spots on the skin,
  • the skin has a pale, sometimes grayish-bluish tint.

If it has been established that the victim consumed the poison 3-4 days ago, the destructive effect of rat poison on humans in this case can only be stopped in a hospital setting. Therefore, the most competent steps would be:

  • call ambulance,
  • put the patient to bed,
  • give him plenty of fluids - this may be plain water or special solutions,
  • no food should be given.

When you have established that the poisoning occurred 12-24 hours ago, then after calling an ambulance you need to do the following:

  • give the victim 1.5-3 liters of water or a special solution to drink,
  • make him vomit
  • give him an absorbent
  • give him a saline laxative,
  • don't feed anything.

When rat poison gets on your skin or mucous membranes, wash the area with plenty of running water. Often in such cases, hospitalization is not necessary.

In the hospital, the victim will be given an antidote - vitamin K1 - for 2-4 weeks, as well as supportive therapy, the content of which depends on the extent of the damage to health caused by rat poison. Forced diuresis and hepatoprotectors are often prescribed. In difficult situations, blood plasma transfusion is required to quickly replenish the clotting factor.

Periodically, a person donates blood for analysis so that doctors can assess the level of its clotting. This indicator determines how quickly the patient will be discharged home.

How to avoid poisoning

Preventing rodenticide poisoning is quite simple. To do this you need:

  • First, get advice from a specialist who will offer the most optimal method extermination of rodents in your situation.
  • Secondly, if there are animals and small children in the house, this must be taken into account. Moreover, there are many alternatives to rat poison in specialty stores.

Rodenticides can seriously compromise human health and have been fatal in some cases. Therefore, you should not ignore the first signs or even suspicions of poisoning. It’s better to be on the safe side by calling an ambulance and asking necessary tests, rather than not getting enough and arriving at the hospital in a deplorable condition. Timely, competent treatment will avoid long hospital stays and unpleasant consequences intoxication.

Every day throughout his life, a person interacts with various chemicals and reagents, some of which can be extremely dangerous. One such substance is rat poison. Rats, other small rodents, have been constant companions of humanity for thousands of years.

Rat poison is the most radical means of combating rats and mice. It must be borne in mind that the toxic substances themselves, developed to kill rodents, are heterogeneous and carry varying degrees danger.

To protect yourself, you should carefully understand the issue.

It should be noted that rat poison itself is heterogeneous. We are talking about a group of similar toxic substances with varying degrees of effectiveness. The most dangerous to humans is the rat. It is used rarely and only in cases of high resistance of rodents to milder reagents. No less dangerous are drugs such as arsenic, phosphorus and others. Anticoagulant substances, such as zoocoumarins, have a mild effect. They are considered safer for people and pets.

Causes of rat poisoning

It is almost impossible to get poisoned by modern anti-rat drugs unintentionally. However, if we talk about old substances, the risk increases significantly. Fortunately, in last years Not a single case of fatal poisoning has been recorded in Russia. But this does not mean that there are no cases of intoxication at all. There are several causes of rat poisoning:

1) Nutritional reason. Most common reason poisoning with rat poison. In this case, the toxic substance enters the body directly with food. The destructive reagent is quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and spreads throughout the body through the bloodstream. The risk group includes people living in places where rodents are exterminated and, especially, children. Over the past 4 years, 20 cases of poisoning have been identified. All patients - younger age.

2) Inhalation of particles of a toxic substance. It can also become a direct cause of intoxication. In this case, the route of penetration is the lungs.

3) Penetration of toxic substances through open wounds and cuts.

Intoxication can occur due to various reasons, the most common is eating food poisoned with poison.

Poisoning with rat poison: all the symptoms

All symptoms of poisoning by rat poison are usually nonspecific and can manifest themselves in various diseases.

Differential diagnosis (that is, distinguishing between one and other diseases and conditions) of poisoning is not the patient’s task, but the doctor’s. Therefore, you should not leave things to chance; at the first manifestations listed below, you should immediately seek medical help.

The typical picture of poisoning with “soft” drugs does not develop immediately.

The substance is slowly released and poisons the body.

The symptomatic complex appears 3-6 days after intoxication.

Signs of rat poison poisoning include:

Headache. Headache is a companion to any poisoning, poisoning with rat poison is no exception. The pain syndrome is constant, reduced by analgesics only slightly for a long time.

Nausea, vomiting. As well as pain in the head, these are nonspecific symptoms.

Both the first and second signs of rat poison poisoning are caused by the effect of the toxic substance on the brain.

Unexplained weakness, drowsiness. They are among the first to appear.

Internal and external bleeding. In case of poisoning with mild reagents, bleeding gums and deterioration of blood clotting develop. Heavy poisons, such as arsenic, increase the fragility of blood vessels and prevent normal blood clotting. If we are talking about severe poisoning, there is a high probability of internal bleeding and death.

Paleness of the skin due to poor blood circulation and insufficient nutrition of peripheral vessels and tissues.

Other symptoms are somewhat less common: bleeding from the nose, anus, etc.

There are many signs, as far as one can judge. Determining the source of the problem on your own is not so easy.

First aid for rat poisoning

The prognosis and likelihood of developing complications depends on how well and timely first aid is provided to the victim in case of rat poisoning. Everyone should know the rules of first aid. How to provide emergency assistance?

1) When taking poison orally, the gastrointestinal tract should be cleansed. To do this, gastric lavage is performed (either at home or in a hospital). At home, you need to drink 3-4 glasses of salted water and press on the root of the tongue to provoke a gag reflex. The procedure must be repeated 2-3 times until clean water.

3) Reception of adsorbents. We can talk about activated carbon, “newfangled” products like white coal, etc. Reception activated carbon carried out at the rate of 2-3 tablets for every 10 kg of weight. Adsorbents will absorb harmful substances and reduce toxic damage to the body.

4) The next step is cleansing the intestines. This is important for two reasons: firstly, toxins quickly “sneak” into the small and large intestines, especially if several hours have passed since the poisoning. Secondly, the substance may begin to be released a second time from activated carbon, which moves through the intestines. An Esmarch mug is used to flush the intestines. Children have a syringe.

To prevent penetration of the substance through open wounds, it is enough to rinse off the rat poison with a running stream. warm water(will do plain water from the tap). The same applies to contact of the substance with the eyes and/or nose.

Treatment of rat poison poisoning

Treatment is required only in severe cases. In all other situations, treatment of rat poisoning is limited to first aid.

The duration of therapy is about a month in a hospital setting. In treatment, specific antidotes (Phytomenadione), diuretics, laxatives, and hepatoprotectors are used.

These drugs help reduce complications to a minimum.

In the most difficult cases can not do without blood plasma transfusion.

Prevention of rat poison poisoning

Special methods There is no way to prevent rat poison poisoning. It is enough to adhere to common sense.

If you still cannot do without poisons, it is necessary to give preference to mild toxic substances. Fortunately, today the market offers a huge range of relatively safe means long-acting. You should not buy deadly drugs based on arsenic and other toxic compounds. Is it dangerous.

After any contact with poison, you must wash your hands thoroughly.

To prevent a child from being poisoned, poisons should not be scattered on the floor and the child should not be left unattended.

Complications of rat poisoning

No poisoning goes unnoticed. This is also true for rat poison. This is a very insidious and dangerous reagent, complications from which appear months or even years later.

The main and most terrible consequence is secondary hemophilia(blood clotting disorder). Hemophilia is manifested by the occurrence of bleeding gums, mucous membranes, nosebleeds, prolonged hemorrhages even with banal cuts, etc. In extreme cases, internal bleeding is possible.

In addition to hemophilia, liver and kidney dysfunctions are observed.

Rat poisoning does not occur as often as it used to. However, this does not make it any easier: having been poisoned by poison, the patient risks getting serious problems with the liver, kidneys, hematopoietic system.

To avoid trouble, you need to adhere to the rules of prevention. If trouble does strike, you need to know how first aid is provided. This is a guarantee of maintaining health.

Every day throughout his life, a person interacts with various chemicals and reagents, some of which can be extremely dangerous. One of these substances is rat poison. Rats, other small rodents, have been constant companions of humanity for thousands of years.


Rat poison is the most radical means of combating rats and mice. It must be borne in mind that the toxic substances themselves, developed to kill rodents, are heterogeneous and carry varying degrees of danger.

To protect yourself, you should carefully understand the issue.

It should be noted that rat poison itself is heterogeneous. We are talking about a group of similar toxic substances with varying degrees of effectiveness. The most dangerous to humans is the rat. It is used rarely and only in cases of high resistance of rodents to milder reagents. No less dangerous are drugs such as arsenic, phosphorus and others. Anticoagulant substances, such as zoocoumarins, have a mild effect. They are considered safer for people and pets.

Causes of rat poisoning


It is almost impossible to get poisoned by modern anti-rat drugs unintentionally. However, if we talk about old substances, the risk increases significantly. Fortunately, in recent years not a single case of fatal poisoning has been recorded in Russia. But this does not mean that there are no cases of intoxication at all. There are several causes of rat poisoning:

1) Nutritional reason. The most common cause of rat poisoning. In this case, the toxic substance enters the body directly with food. The destructive reagent is quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and spreads throughout the body through the bloodstream. The risk group includes people living in places where rodents are exterminated and, especially, children. Over the past 4 years, 20 cases of poisoning have been identified. All patients are young.

2) Inhalation of particles of a toxic substance. It can also become a direct cause of intoxication. In this case, the route of penetration is the lungs.

3) Penetration of toxic substances through open wounds and cuts.

Intoxication can occur for various reasons, the most common being ingestion of food contaminated with poison.

Poisoning with rat poison: all the symptoms


All symptoms of poisoning by rat poison are usually nonspecific and can manifest themselves in various diseases.

Differential diagnosis (that is, distinguishing between one and other diseases and conditions) of poisoning is not the patient’s task, but the doctor’s. Therefore, you should not leave things to chance; at the first manifestations listed below, you should immediately seek medical help.

The typical picture of poisoning with “soft” drugs does not develop immediately.

The substance is slowly released and poisons the body.
The symptomatic complex appears 3-6 days after intoxication.

Signs of rat poison poisoning include:

Headache. Headache is a companion to any poisoning, and rat poison poisoning is no exception. The pain is constant and is relieved by analgesics only for a short time.

Nausea, vomiting. As well as are nonspecific symptoms.

Both the first and second signs of rat poison poisoning are caused by the effect of the toxic substance on the brain.

Inexplicable. They are among the first to appear.

Internal and external bleeding. In case of poisoning with mild reagents, bleeding gums and deterioration of blood clotting develop. Heavy poisons, such as arsenic, increase the fragility of blood vessels and prevent normal blood clotting. If we are talking about severe poisoning, there is a high probability of internal bleeding and death.

Paleness of the skin due to poor blood circulation and insufficient nutrition of peripheral vessels and tissues.

Other symptoms are observed somewhat less frequently: anal, etc.

There are many signs, as far as one can judge. Determining the source of the problem on your own is not so easy.

First aid for rat poisoning


The prognosis and likelihood of developing complications depends on how well and timely first aid is provided to the victim in case of rat poisoning. Everyone should know the rules of first aid. How to provide emergency assistance?

1) When taking poison orally, the gastrointestinal tract should be cleansed. To do this, gastric lavage is performed (either at home or in a hospital). At home, you need to drink 3-4 glasses of salted water and press on the root of the tongue to provoke a gag reflex. The procedure must be repeated 2-3 times until clean water appears.

3) Reception of adsorbents. We can talk about activated carbon, “newfangled” products like white carbon, etc. Activated carbon is taken at the rate of 2-3 tablets for every 10 kg of weight. Adsorbents will absorb harmful substances and reduce toxic damage to the body.

4) The next step is cleansing the intestines. This is important for two reasons: firstly, toxins quickly “sneak” into the small and large intestines, especially if several hours have passed since the poisoning. Secondly, the substance may begin to be released a second time from activated carbon, which moves through the intestines. An Esmarch mug is used to flush the intestines. Children have a syringe.

To prevent the penetration of the substance through open wounds, it is enough to rinse off the rat poison with running warm water (ordinary tap water will do). The same applies to contact of the substance with the eyes and/or nose.

Treatment of rat poison poisoning


Treatment is required only in severe cases. In all other situations, treatment of rat poisoning is limited to first aid.

The duration of therapy is about a month in a hospital setting. In treatment, specific antidotes (Phytomenadione), diuretics, laxatives, and hepatoprotectors are used.

These drugs help reduce complications to a minimum.

In the most difficult cases, blood plasma transfusion cannot be avoided.

Prevention of rat poison poisoning


There are no special methods for preventing rat poisoning. It is enough to adhere to common sense.

If you still cannot do without poisons, it is necessary to give preference to mild toxic substances. Fortunately, today there is a huge range of relatively safe long-acting products on the market. You should not buy deadly drugs based on arsenic and other toxic compounds. Is it dangerous.

After any contact with poison, you must wash your hands thoroughly.

To prevent a child from being poisoned, poisons should not be scattered on the floor and the child should not be left unattended.

Complications of rat poisoning


No poisoning goes unnoticed. This is also true for rat poison. This is a very insidious and dangerous reagent, complications from which appear months or even years later.

The main and most terrible consequence is secondary hemophilia (blood clotting disorder). Hemophilia is manifested by the occurrence of bleeding gums, mucous membranes, nosebleeds, prolonged hemorrhages even with banal cuts, etc. In extreme cases, internal bleeding is possible.

In addition to hemophilia, liver and kidney dysfunctions are observed.

Rat poisoning does not occur as often as it used to. However, this does not make it any easier: having been poisoned, the patient risks serious problems with the liver, kidneys, and hematopoietic system.

To avoid trouble, you need to adhere to the rules of prevention. If trouble does strike, you need to know how first aid is provided. This is a guarantee of maintaining health.

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One of the most common types of animal intoxication includes poisoning a dog with rat poison. The dog is a hunter, so when it sees a rat, it will try to catch it and, if possible, eat it.

Rat poisoning happens everywhere. In this regard, a dog living in a village or city is not protected from poisoning by this bait.

What is rat poison

Classic rodent repellent - it's rat poison. It is used to attract pests. The basis of the bait is grain. The essence of the bait is to obtain the required lethal dose for poisoning. The poison is released in the form of granules, tablets, pastes, and ready-made briquettes.

There are poisons that affect rats in acute and chronic forms. You can freely purchase chronic bait, as it is less dangerous for the animal. The acute poison has a detrimental effect on rats and mice upon its initial penetration into the body.

It is worth considering the fact that the poison has a toxic effect on animals. Therefore, it is necessary to consider all the possible risks of starting to use poison in a residential area.

There are a number of such rat poisons:

  • brodifacoum;
  • triphenacin;
  • flocumafen;
  • bromadiolone;
  • ratsid;
  • other.

The active substances that are present in the bait have negative impact on the blood clotting process at various stages and on the entire body as a whole.

A bait that exhibits effects in a chronic form may not initially affect the rat properly. In this case, a certain concentration will lead to the death of the rodent.

The disadvantage of using poisons is that after baiting, the corpses of pests may not be found. This will lead to rotting rodents and an unpleasant odor.

How does poison affect a pet's body?

The effect of bait on an animal is recognized based on a group of toxins, such as:

  • drugs of group 1(ethylphenacine, triphenacine, morphine, isopropylphenacine) are the most common baits. When exposed to rat poison, the integrity of vitamin K is disrupted and prevents blood from clotting. Lures belonging to this group can be instantly removed from the body;
  • drugs of group 2(flocumafen, brodifacoum, bromadiolone). The principle of exposure is identical to group 1 toxins. The difference is that they can accumulate in the body, are eliminated for a very long time, and act more strongly;
  • ratsid - this poison is used in rare cases, as it has high toxicity. This rat poison poisoning of a dog causes swelling of the lungs, disturbances occur in the vascular system, and convulsions occur;
  • zinc phosphide is the most toxic, its use is controlled by specialists who dispose of rodents. Once in the esophagus, hydrogen phosphide is released, which destroys the walls of the esophagus and negatively affects the neurological system.

When a dog uses bait from one of the groups, the toxin will not begin to act immediately, but after 5 days. This indicates that the body has vitamin K reserves.

Symptoms of rat poisoning in a dog

Symptoms from exposure to such poisons may be as follows:

  • exhaustion in the body;
  • dyspnea;
  • mucous membranes are pale;
  • blood oozes from the nasal passage and gums;
  • no appetite.

Severe form:

  • streaks of blood from the anus;
  • blood present in the urine;
  • hemorrhage under the skin;
  • pain in the abdomen;
  • lameness;
  • cough containing blood.

The dog dies from multiple hemorrhages.

Today, ratsid and zinc phosphide are almost never used. In this case, having been poisoned by poison, you need to know how zinc phosphide manifests itself in an animal, affecting the body:

  • vomiting, sometimes with bleeding;
  • diarrhea;
  • thirst;
  • exhaustion;
  • there are difficulties in breathing;
  • the pet's pupils are dilated;
  • restless animal;
  • there are convulsions;
  • loss of consciousness is possible.

During rat intoxication, a number of symptoms occur:

  • difficulty breathing, the reason is the development of swelling in the lungs;
  • the pulse is weakly palpable;
  • vomit;
  • the dog does not go to the toilet;
  • convulsions.

Symptoms of rat intoxication appear 2-4 hours after toxic substances enter the esophagus.

When a dog eats poisoned baits, intoxication in most cases has a favorable outcome.

The necessary provision activities are carried out as follows:

  • vomiting is induced as soon as possible;
  • the stomach is washed with a slightly diluted solution of potassium permanganate;
  • give the animal an adsorbent, a laxative;
  • give the animal mucous decoctions (from rice, oatmeal porridge).

If more than 6 hours have passed since taking the poison, you cannot induce vomiting, since it passed into the intestines. It is also not recommended to provoke vomiting if the pet has convulsions, loses consciousness, or is paralyzed.

What you should not give your dog to drink if it is poisoned:

  1. milk,
  2. vegetable oil,
  3. castor oil,
  4. eggs.

Since in case of poisoning with zinc phosphide, the poison is absorbed faster into the circulatory system.

In case of intoxication with poisons, there is an antidote. This includes vitamin K 1 – phytomenatodine. It is injected under the skin, the dose is calculated based on the dog’s body weight. When consuming poison that belongs to the 1st generation, the dose of phytomenathodine is reduced.

Having been poisoned by rats, the animal is given tannin - a 1% solution; in case of zinc phosphide, a solution is injected copper sulfate 0.5% or 2% soda solution. Solutions are prescribed strictly by a veterinarian.

Treatment of rat poison poisoning in dogs

If a dog is intoxicated with rat poison, treatment will depend entirely on the severity of the disease.

  • At a mild stage of poisoning, when the dog ate the bait some time ago, it will be necessary to induce vomiting, take sorbents and laxatives. There are cases when vitamin K is prescribed preventively.
  • At advanced cases Treatment is carried out by blood transfusion, vitamin K 1 is injected under the skin. Next, maintenance therapy with iron and antibiotics is prescribed.

When the dog's bleeding has stopped, symptomatic therapy is used, depending on the stage of damage internal organs. The veterinarian prescribes diuretics, heart medications, iron, and antibiotics. The duration of rehabilitation therapy is less than 14 days.

If you contact a veterinarian in a timely manner, animals survive in 85% of cases.

Poisoning a dog with rat poison: consequences

The veterinarian will conduct laboratory tests and prescribe treatment. Complications after poisoning may be associated with the functional functioning of the liver.

The organ has difficulty restoring blood clotting. Therefore, heavy bleeding during injuries to internal organs, bleeding from the gums, and excessive blood loss when inflicting wounds are possible. Then surgery will be required.

To recover from poisoning, you will need to administer an antidote for a long time. Treatment lasts on average a month. With the help of blood transfusions and hepatoprotector therapy, the severe consequences of intoxication of the body can be avoided.

Video: what happens if you eat rat poison

Poisoning with rat poison hides a whole group of intoxications that are caused by means intended to get rid of rodents. It seems that in modern world It is quite difficult to encounter toxins of this type, but this is not the case.

Cases of human poisoning by rat poison are possible if he lives in own home and tries to get rid of pests on his own.

Rat poison - what is it and where is it used?

The variety of rat poisons is great, but all of them are created by man in order to get rid of rats and mice, and belong to the group of pesticides. The following types of this toxic substance are distinguished:

  • highly toxic compounds (arsenic, Various types phosphorus, strychnine, etc.) are almost never used, since there is a risk of human poisoning;
  • zinc phosphide and ratsid - highly toxic poisons that can lead to the death of rodents a few hours after eating the bait, are produced and sold in very limited quantities;
  • drugs that impair the blood clotting process are widely available on the market and are divided into two different generations (the first generation of poisons is more dangerous than the second).

The lethal dose of rat poison for humans varies depending on the type.

For example, 55-60 mg of Varvarin per 1 kg is enough for death to occur, but more Brodifactum will be required: about 300 mg per 1 kg of body weight.

According to ICD-10 or the international classification, poisoning with rat poisons, like intoxication with other pesticides, is coded X48.

How does intoxication occur?

It would seem that it is not so easy to get poisoned by rat poison. modern conditions. However, this opinion is wrong. Wherever a rat or other rodent could theoretically live, you can encounter this poison. Most often, people get poisoned if in public places baits are laid out in disregard of SanPiN standards. Public places include:

  • various institutions for children;
  • healthcare institutions;
  • catering establishments;
  • workshops for the production of food products, semi-finished products, etc.;
  • basements and living quarters;
  • various warehouses for storing food, etc.

Different poisons need different time, to act on rodents, which means they can be in the public domain for a long time. That is why people need to be warned that pest control work is underway.

Read also: Toxic poisoning

Impact on humans

Without medical care, under the influence of rat poison, a person dies from blood loss.

Symptoms of poisoning

Symptoms of rat poison poisoning rarely appear in people immediately after the incident. Their rapid manifestation is possible in children with significant consumption of the poison and its high toxicity. In most cases, it takes 2-3 days for the manifestations to make themselves felt.

The symptoms will be as follows:

  • increased feeling of weakness;
  • the appearance of nausea and vomiting, lack of appetite;
  • occasional nosebleeds;
  • headache;
  • severe bleeding gums;
  • easy appearance of hematomas;
  • the appearance of blood in the urine or stool;
  • disorders of the visual and auditory analyzer;
  • internal bleeding.

A child, even with a small amount of poison ingested, will react to the toxin much stronger than an adult.

First Aid Basics

What to do first in case of poisoning if the symptoms have already made themselves felt? It all starts with calling an ambulance. After the medical team has received the call, you can provide first aid to a poisoned person on his own. This is done as follows:

  • perform gastric lavage after drinking several glasses warm water and causing vomiting;
  • the victim is given any sorbent (activated carbon is most often used);
  • if there is a saline laxative in the house, then it can also be given to the victim to cleanse the intestines of poison and reduce its absorption.

If poisoned by rat poison, until doctors arrive, a person should not eat or sleep. It is especially important to ensure that children do not fall asleep, as due to unnoticed internal bleeding they may not wake up.

Medical assistance

If a person ingests rat poison, whether accidentally or intentionally, he or she will need medical attention. In a hospital setting, doctors will determine whether there is internal bleeding and prescribe therapy, which may include:

  • forcing diuresis, washing the stomach and intestines (this will help the poison leave the body faster);
  • administration of vitamin K, which will act as an antidote (the duration of treatment with the antidote is selected individually and, depending on the degree of intoxication, can be 15-30 days);
  • prescribing hepatoprotectors and agents that help restore normal work liver.

Read also: Botulinum toxin - poison or medicine

If blood clotting is very impaired, therapy with blood plasma transfusion is possible. For the entire period of treatment there is a restriction on physical exercise, bed rest is preferable.

Possible complications

Severe consequences of rat poisoning develop in people if medical assistance is not provided in a timely manner. Complications may include:

  • increased bleeding of gums;
  • the development of severe bleeding in response to even minor damage to the skin;
  • development of internal bleeding of varying intensity;
  • formation of chronic anemia.

All these consequences can be avoided if medical assistance to the victim was provided in a timely manner and in full. Otherwise, intoxication with a fatal outcome is possible.

Preventive actions

“What can I do to prevent my child from accidentally getting poisoned by rat poison?” - many parents ask. First of all, when carrying out deratization on your own property, it is necessary to explain to children what rat baits are and why they should not be touched. If children are too young to understand the explanations, it is recommended to ensure that they do not pick up anything from the ground or, if possible, move them away from a possible source of danger. You can reduce the likelihood of poisoning if a professional handles the pests.

Do you use poisons to get rid of rodents?