External communication networks project. Functionality of mini PBX

8. Cable duct project

The cable duct project, unlike the backbone and distribution network, is carried out at stage II. This is due to the fact that it is not economically feasible to open the street covers and report required amount pipes during the development of the network to stage II.

1) Let us mark the boundaries of the district and blocks on the diagram. Let us designate the installation location of RATS-3. Let us designate the places of supply of SL from RATS-1, RATS-2, AMTS and AL from UA. Let us designate the installation location of the UPBX. Let us designate the installation locations of all RS (without indicating the boxes in them).

2) We will design the routes of the main and interstation cable ducts (i.e. from all RS, places of supply of lines from other RATS and AL from UA to the designed RATS-3). Let's put them on the diagram in the form of the corresponding symbol.

When the capacity of RATS-3 is less than 10 thousand numbers, the CC route is supplied to the station from one side. When the capacity of RATS-3 is 10 thousand numbers or more (as in our case), the routes are brought to the station from both sides at an angle of 90 ° and are connected to each other by backup channels.

3) We indicate on the diagram the installation locations of branching, corner, cabinet and walk-through cable ducts.

4) Let us designate the sections of the cable duct, indicate on the diagram the section number, the number of channels and the length of the section. For designation, an arrow is used, which is placed at the far (relative to RATS-3) end of the section and is directed towards its beginning. The section number is indicated above the arrow. The length of the section is opposite the arrow or below the line indicating the cable route. The number of channels is under the arrow.

The number of channels in each section is determined as a result of subsequent calculations.

The sequence of numbering of sections is chosen arbitrarily.

The lengths of the sections are determined directly from the diagram, taking into account the scale.

5) Let us determine in tabular form for each section the required number of channels, the number of pipes (in channel-kilometers), the number and type of KK wells.

The number of main channels is determined by the ratio rounded to a larger integer

where N II MP is the number of pairs in the main cable passing on this area;

N MP/channel - the number of trunk pairs per channel, depending on the capacity of RATS-3 at stage II and determined from the table.

Table 8.1 - Dependence of the number of trunk pairs per channel on the capacity of RATS-3

Capacity RATS-3 £3k £5k £7k £8k > 8 thousand
Number of trunk pairs per channel 300 350 400 450 500

The inconvenience of calculating the number of main cable channels is that the design of the main network was carried out according to stage I, and the cable duct is designed according to stage II. Therefore, you cannot directly use the backbone network diagram. It is necessary to take into account what capacity the trunk cables will have at stage II (N II MP/RSh).

Number of wells for various purposes in this area is determined directly from the cable duct diagram.

The type of well in a given area is determined based on the maximum possible quantity channels introduced into the well of this type.

Table 8.2 - Maximum number of channels introduced into wells

Well type

Maximum

number of channels

 Well type Maximum number of channels
KKS-1 1 KKS-5 24
KKS-2 2 KKSS-1 36
KKS-3 6 KKSS-2 48
KKS-4 12

6) On the cable duct diagram we indicate the types of wells defined for each section.

7) Determine the required number of channels, pipes, number and type of KK wells for the cable duct scheme. Capacity of RATS-3 = 14 thousand numbers.

For a given RATS-3 capacity, taking into account the data in Table 12.1, N mp/channel = 500.

For sections with a main cable capacity of 500´2 (5th, 30th, 12th, etc.), the number of main channels according to formula (8.1): N channel = 500: 500=1.

For sections with a main cable capacity of 1000´2 (6th, 10th, etc.), the number of main channels according to formula (8.1): N channel = 1000: 500 = 2.

For sections where the subscriber cable runs from the TZG type UA (26th, 25th, etc.), we provide one main channel, regardless of the presence of other subscriber cables.

For sections where interstation cables of the OKL type pass (9th, 10th, 11th, etc.), regardless of their number, we accept the number of channels for connecting lines equal to 2.

For sections where the inter-office cable from UPBX type TPPep-10´2 (25th, 20th, etc.) passes, regardless of the presence of other inter-office cables, we use one channel for connecting lines.

The number of distribution, spare and special-purpose channels is taken equal to 1 for all sections.

Table 8.3

Plot number Section length, m Cable brand Projected number of channels Number of pipes, Number of wells type
Mag. Ras. SL Zap. S/N Total kan×km KKS-3 KKS-4 KKS-5
1 380 OKL - 1 1 1 1 4 1,52 3 - -
2 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
3 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
4 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
5 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
6 320 TPPep-1000´2 2 1 - 1 1 5 1,6 3 - -
7 90 TPPep-1000´2 TPPep-1000´2 22 1- -- 1- 1- 7 0,63 - 1 -
8 670 TPPep-1000´2ТPPep-1000´2ОКЛ 1 1 8 5,36 - 6 -
9 280 OKL - 1 1 1 1 4 1,12 3 - -
10 330 6 1,98 3 - -
11 170 8 1,36 - 2 -
12 70 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
13 70 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
14 70 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
15 70 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
16 70 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
17 500

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-500´2

 9 4,5 - 4 -
18 80

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-1000´2

 10 0,8 - 1 -
19 70 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
20 400

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-1000´2

TPPep-10´2

 13 5,2 - - 3
21 70 TPP-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
22 100 7 0,7 - 1 -
23 500 6 3,0 4 - -
24 70 TPP-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,28 1 - -
25 290

TPPep-10´2

 5 1,45 3 - -
26 200 TZG 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,8 1 - -
27 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
28 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
29 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
30 80 TPPep-500´2 1 1 - 1 1 4 0,32 1 - -
31 780 TPPep-1000´2 TPPep-1000´2 7 4,68 - 6 -
32 300 TPPep-1000´2 2 1 - 1 1 5 1,5 2 - -
33 340

TPPep-1000´2

 6 2,04 3 - -
34 300

In our age, when high tech are increasingly being introduced into daily life and human work, it is impossible to imagine a fully functioning building or enterprise without utilities and communication networks installed in it. These networks are used for many purposes, including communication between employees, access to a common telephone line, radio broadcasting and radio communications, and Internet access. Any enterprise is constantly in contact with other organizations and structures, so the presence of communication networks on site is mandatory. In this article we will talk in more detail about the design and development of these engineering systems.

In themselves, communication networks are a set of both technical and software tools that allow different kinds and methods of communication at the site, including communication between personnel, access to an external line, as well as notifications of emergency situations. In addition to the features listed above, many more may be included. The set of capabilities is designed individually, based on the customer’s requirements and the specifics of the organization’s activities.

  • External control room;
  • Fiber optic communication lines;
  • Copper communication lines;
  • External part cable and satellite television;
  • Wired broadcasting of urban radio broadcast networks.

DEVELOPMENT OF EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS PROJECTS

The development of external communication network projects, like any other systems, is carried out in several stages:

  • First, a thorough study of all the features of the object and the specifics of its work is carried out;
  • After this, a list of basic needs is created that the communication system must satisfy;
  • Next, a diagram is drawn up that shows the location and connection of all devices;
  • Then, the necessary equipment is selected.

At this point, the design stage ends, and then the installation, configuration and commissioning of the finished network begins. Commissioning and testing are being carried out. Reports are generated that display the identified problems and how to resolve them.

In addition, network maintenance is provided, which includes scheduled Maintenance, warranty and non-warranty work.

As a result, it becomes obvious that in our time communication systems are required attribute operation of any building and activities of any enterprise. They allow employees to communicate both with each other and with other departments and divisions.

The external part of these communications has great importance and its installation must be carried out in accordance with all norms and rules prescribed by law. In addition, any work must be carried out only by highly qualified specialists.

typically constitutes 10 to 25 percent of all outdoor communications network designs. The design and engineering company V-GRAND is engaged in the design of external communication systems that are necessary at any facility under construction. Our specialists can quickly and efficiently develop and create a project. External networks in accordance with all government regulations and standards.

Development of a project for external communication networks

All external networks are divided into two types: on-site and external engineering.

When creating a project for two types of external networks, two different contractors are usually involved. The V-GRAND company will undertake the research of the site, development and creation of project documentation.

Communication systems are communications through which facilities for various purposes can provide access to electronic communication systems and other networks. To develop a system design, specialists collect data. Which are necessary for subsequent design.

Our company’s specialists also perform such work as: .

V-GRAND company designers make technical task, and then the decision on the design of external networks. The documentation contains requirements for the operation of the network and its technical specifications, security levels, etc.

The data obtained helps our specialists develop all necessary requirements. Network equipment and purchased materials that will be used for communication devices.

The documentation must also contain information about the expected development of the created outdoor system. It contains information about the placement of all communication networks, as well as its individual elements at the facility under construction.

Specialists when creating a project for laying utility networks. Develop diagrams and drawings of the area where the entire external engineering network will be located. Since they have great length, then they can pass through neighboring areas. Land owners must give permission for cables to be laid on their land. All information about the area must have topographical and geological information. Which will affect the future route of external communications.

Note: .

    The organization of a communication channel between the automatic telephone exchange and the existing facility is carried out via a newly laid fiber-optic cable. The communication channel uses the Ethernet 10/100 Base data transfer protocol. To convert analog signals IP gateways are used for telephony signal Ethernet 10/100 Base-T. The total length of the designed cable route is 4122 m, of which 950 m in the existing cable duct with VOK DPS 048T cable, and 3172 m with VOK DPO-048 cable in a 40 mm polyethylene tube. The depth of the fiber-optic cable in the polyethylene tube is 1.2 m relative to ground level. In places where the cable passes under the roadway and when crossing underground structures, it is carried out in an asbestos-cement pipe D = 100 mm. Centralized notification system This section contains a description of the equipment and principles of constructing a warning system for civil defense and emergency signals, designed for the Toksovo multifunctional sports complex and the surrounding area. To implement the tasks of alerting the population using civil defense and emergency signals, the following equipment is used:
  • amplifier for sound broadcasting and warning signals “RTS-2000 OK”;
  • power amplifier 250 W "RTS-2000 UM-250";
  • horn loudspeakers installed on the territory of the sports complex;
  • equipment of the P-160 complex of the civil defense headquarters, installed in the premises of the Leningradsky radio center regional branch OJSC "NWT";
  • data network equipment.
The RTS-2000 OK broadcasting, warning and control signal amplifier is used as the basic device of the warning system, which has the ability to receive and relay messages from the central warning station (CSS). The RTS-2000 OK amplifier is installed in a closed telecommunications cabinet. Alarm and radio equipment is installed in a wall-mounted telecommunications cabinet in the administrative building of the complex. In accordance with the initial data of the Civil Defense and Emergency Management Department, the warning system must provide:
  • automatic connection to territorial automated system centralized notification Leningrad region(TASCO LO);
  • transmission of the “Attention everyone” signal (sirens) and TASCO speech signals.
In the event of an emergency at the city, district, regional or federal level, automatic switching on of equipment and retransmission of central warning signals to street loudspeakers must be ensured. To implement these tasks, an RTS-2000 OK warning signal amplifier, a power amplifier, horn loudspeakers, and equipment from the P-160 headquarters complex are used. Civil Defense, installed in the premises of the radio center of the Leningrad regional branch of OJSC "NWT" and the equipment of the newly organized data transmission channel. When the “Start” command is received from the central communication center via a modem communication channel from the radio center premises via a newly organized channel, the RTS-2000 OK amplifier decodes this command, indicates the receipt of the command on the front panel of the RTS-2000 amplifier and turns on an alert. At the end of the centralized notification, the RTS-2000 amplifier switches the system to its original state. Power supply the equipment from sources uninterruptible power supply according to the 1st category. In accordance with clause 3.2 of the “Regulations on the St. Petersburg Territorial Warning Subsystem (OSO)”, to alert the population in the adjacent territory, the project provides for the installation of loudspeakers GR 10.03 (17 pcs.) with a power of 10 W per concrete pillars or lighting poles on the territory of the Toksovo multifunctional sports complex. The horn loudspeakers are connected using KSPZP 1x4x1.2 cables to a wall-mounted telecommunications cabinet located in the administrative building of the sports complex, with cables laid in the communication cable duct provided for by project 14-20/11-06-P-NSS. The orientation of outdoor loudspeakers and their directional patterns are presented in the drawing (see 14-20/11-06-P-SO.7). To receive centralized warning signals, loudspeakers must ensure that the signal level exceeds the noise level by 15 dB. At this noise level, the loudspeakers will ensure signal reception at a distance of up to 130-150 meters from the loudspeaker installation point. Connecting speakers to common system centralized notification for civil defense and emergency situations is carried out through an amplifier (see 14-20/11-06-P-SO.2) Construction of a wire broadcast distribution network The wired broadcasting network is planned to be installed in 55 cottages and judges' houses of the ski jumps of the sports complex (see 14-20/11-06-P-SO.6). In all rooms, administrative and technical premises (in rooms with permanent occupancy) it is planned to install radio sockets with a subscriber loudspeaker. Distribution of wired broadcasting signals is carried out using a 2x1.2mm PRPPM cable from a telecommunications cabinet installed in the administrative complex, then in the communication cable duct (see 14-20/11-06-P-NSS), as well as throughout the buildings and structures of the complex, up to subscriber radio sockets. Lay cables throughout the buildings and structures of the complex hidden in cable ducts provided for in the cable ducts section of the project.

Similar documents

    Physiographic data of the designed section of the communication line. Selection of communication equipment and cable backbone system. Placement of reinforcement and regeneration points along the communication line route. Measures to protect cable lines from influences acting on them.

    course work, added 02/03/2013

    Project of the main communication line on the railway. Selecting the route and type of signal blocking cable. Electrical calculations cable network of traffic lights. Main cable line on the stretch adjacent to the station. Estimated and financial calculation of the project.

    course work, added 02/21/2013

    Selection of cable system, cable type; placement of terminal and intermediate amplification points; installation of cable trunking; calculation of influences in communication circuits, measures to reduce them. Calculation dangerous influences contact network railway to the communication line.

    course work, added 11/07/2012

    Route selection cable line communications. Determination of cable design. Calculation of transmission parameters of cable circuits and parameters of mutual influences between them. Design of a fiber-optic transmission line. Placement of repeaters along the highway route.

    course work, added 05/22/2015

    Selecting a cable system, cable type and placing circuits in quads. Placement of terminal and intermediate amplification and regeneration points along the communication line route. Installation of cable trunking. Calculation of symmetrical cable and optical fiber.

    General technology electrical installation work, principles of their implementation, technologies and materials used. The main stages and operations used when laying a cable line in a trench. Delivery, rolling out and laying of cables. Breakdown of solid dielectrics.

    presentation, added 12/25/2014

    Description of the designed section of the communication line and selection of compaction equipment. The route for laying a cable communication line and the arrangement of its transitions through obstacles. Selecting the type of main cables, distributing all circuits into quads and pairs, calculating parameters.

    course work, added 03/22/2018

    Determination of the final capacity of the station. Selection of numbering of subscribers and connecting lines. Information about power supply conditions and availability of premises. Development of a local telephone network diagram for a node and calculation of the number of devices and connecting lines.

    thesis, added 05/18/2014

    Selecting a cable system, cable type and placing circuits in quads. Placement of regeneration and strengthening points. Calculation of transient influences between cable communication line circuits. Protection of cables and communication equipment from dangerous and interfering influences.

    course work, added 02/06/2013

    Structure of structured cable systems. Features of the design of SCS as a technical object. Calculation of the main parameters of a segment of a secure data transmission network. Determination of the probability of false phasing of a frame in the information channel.