Decoration of columns in the office. Decorative columns made of polyurethane in the interior photo

Big hall needs additional supports for the vault. Columns in the interior are installed for a constructive purpose. Designers design and install decorative columns to decorate a room, emphasize its style and separate functional areas. It is impossible to imagine some interiors, especially Roman ones, without pompous decor, which was simply necessary at one time. IN modern interior columns can also have practical significance and can be made independently. Construction stores offer a large selection of foam columns in a variety of styles.

The emphasis in the design is on columns

Apartment design with columns

Columns in the interior should not be disguised as a background. Designers advise making them the accent of the room’s design. They should emphasize the style or be a contrast to the main decoration and furniture. Structurally in architecture, supporting and decorative columns are separated. In the interior they need to be turned into the main element.

All types of columns have 3 elements.

1. The base provides a powerful foundation for classical types. It is a support and is decorated little, mainly with horizontal recesses. They emphasize the massiveness of the structure.
2. The main part is the stem. This is the trunk of the entire element. Has a flat surface or longitudinal vertical lines.
3. The capital smoothly transitions into ceiling beams. Located at the top and collects on itself most decor. Its function is to emphasize the luxury of decoration, to give the interior grandeur and pomp.

In a modern interior, the base and capital of the column may be missing. They are replaced by plinths that cover the transition of the support to the ceiling.

Columns in the interior can have any cross-sectional shape:

• circle;
• square;
• all kinds of polyhedra;
• rectangles;
• oval.

Historically, various types of columns were created as a necessary element in architecture to support the vaults of large halls. They were designed in accordance with the era and capabilities of the palace owner. Marble columns emphasized the wealth of the owner and his position in society. On them the capital was massive and densely decorated with floral ornaments with curls. For other styles, column cladding is used. These are slabs and mosaics made of decorative stone, glass, and synthetic materials.

The atmosphere of interior mystery and relaxation is created by the illumination of the columns. It emphasizes the grace of the stem and the luxury of the capital, the massiveness of the base. The image of the interior and its mood changes. It is better to place diode bulbs in the upper part. The light will highlight the rough surface of the columns in Greek style, will be reflected in the gloss of techno. Below, the border with steps and the podium is highlighted with light. Directed rays can highlight luxurious stucco with gilding in a living room decorated in the Roman era, in Baroque, Gothic, or Classicism styles.

A variety of column shapes, materials and methods of finishing them

Columns in the interior of the room

Columns standing alone can imitate a partition between the openings and be covered with planks and shelves, draped with fabrics and lined with mosaics and mirrors. Books, CDs are conveniently placed on them, and the TV finds its place. If seats are made around the column, you get an original place for relaxation and communication. Columns in an apartment have several functions:

• emphasize style;
• create an atmosphere of prosperity and good taste;
• zone the space;
• visually enlarge the room;
• mask communications.

The stem generally has the same width and height in classical, historical and techno styles. In avant-garde, art deco and other designs, the shape of the trunk is unpredictable. It is determined by the designer based on his vision, the capabilities of the material and constructive necessity. Column made of wood in natural style can be a trunk of a natural natural shape with roots and branches. In this case, the cladding of the columns is done simply with impregnations and varnish, emphasizing the grain of the wood.

Columns in the interior were traditionally made of stone. Modern materials have brought variety. Now supports can be manufactured:

• marble;
• basalt;
• gypsum;
• tree;
• metal;
• expanded polystyrene;
• polyurethane;
• drywall.

Decorative columns in a modern interior have different heights. They do not have to support the ceiling or rest on the floor. They can create a kind of forest of glowing cylinders of different heights and even hang from above.

Support columns are decorated to match the chosen style

Interior of a modern apartment with columns

If the columns in the interior are supporting and are part of the building’s structure, they cannot be removed or rearranged. You shouldn’t disguise them; it’s easier to turn them into part of the decor. The design of the columns is done in the same style as the room or stands out with a contrast of textures. For emphasis, cladding of columns with stone, film, metal, ceramics, and plastic is used. In a shiny interior with smooth surfaces, attention will be drawn to brick columns. Entwined with living plants, they create a special coziness in a city room.

Modern materials allow using self-adhesive film create an imitation, and the gypsum columns will look like they were made of expensive stone. A mosaic floor made from ready-made blocks will allow you to transform your modest modern home into a luxurious palace.

In the living room, columns separate the dining room and kitchen. A single one will become the basis for an island or turn into a drinks warehouse. It is convenient to place shelves for dishes between the paired pillars, separating the food preparation area from the dining room. This gap will be decorated with glass mosaics and a green wall of indoor plants.

Brutality and gloss of industrial styles

Modern apartment interior using columns

Mass migration from rural areas to cities, first in America, then in other countries, gave rise to the loft style. People converted abandoned industrial enterprises and attics into housing. Metal columns in the form of I-beams, pipe pillars and concrete supports became the main element of the style. With the rise in living standards, sofas with bright upholstery, polished tables and cabinets, and high-quality wall decoration appeared. Now iron and concrete, with their rough appearance, emphasize the gloss of furniture and the expensive decoration of the room with plastic, glass and chrome.

In a modern industrial style interior, columns are lined to imitate corrosion stains on metal, dirty concrete with potholes and scratches. The textured surface is painted in gray shades of blue and green.

The spacious loft-style rooms seem even larger, separated by a row of concrete supports. The illusion of alternating zones behind the rows of columns is created, and a feeling of endless space arises.

Making columns with your own hands

Column finishing

Crafts enthusiasts are often interested in how to make a column with their own hands. To create the desired image of the room, you can buy foam blanks. They are relatively cheap, easy to assemble and install. It is enough to glue several elements together and install them in your home. After

You can make a column yourself without special equipment from polyurethane and plasterboard. Both options have advantages and disadvantages.

Polyurethane is easy to process and does not require special skills. Difficulties may arise in making a mold for pouring and maintaining proportions when creating the composition. This requires special areas. This is impossible to do in a standard city apartment. It's easier to buy blanks in the store. For independent work All that remains is the assembly and cladding of the column.

Any polyurethane finish is suitable. Can be painted with acrylic compounds in any color. Uncoated plastic fades and turns yellow over time. Will have to prime and return desired shade decor or stick film.

Drywall requires the creation of a frame from a metal profile, which is then sheathed. The shape of the column is classically made square. The capabilities of drywall allow it to be bent in an arc with a large radius, making arches and decorative elements of various shapes. The cladding of gypsum plasterboard columns is limited only by weight. The sheet may not withstand heavy stone and ceramics. The primed surface can be easily painted in any color, decorated to match brickwork and other textures using vinyl tiles and glass mosaics.

Nowadays, previously popular architectural details have begun to appear in interior design. When talking about interior design with columns, one immediately imagines Ancient Greece, because such an object of architecture is an irreplaceable fragment of buildings of the ancient era, used by designers in modern times. A living room with columns looks chic and sophisticated, similar to the ancient halls of palaces and temples. This detail of antique architecture cannot be placed in every living room, so you need to know how to properly use columns in a room, and what techniques to use. A column is an imposing element of architecture, often found in the shape of a cylinder. Just like in the era ancient world, the main function of columns in a room is to support load-bearing structures; if a load is applied to the ceiling, then it is possible to balance this weight by building columns. Basically, paired columns look much better, giving the interior a perfect look and elegance. But often there are single columns, around which an image of the interior is created.

In living room design, a column has many uses. Here are a few of them. For example, with the help of a column you can close communication structures that are located inconveniently, and it is impossible to rearrange or completely remove them. In such a situation, you can make columns that will help not only correct flaws in the interior, but also transform the room in an original way.

Using these creations of antiquity, you can subtly emphasize the features of various trends in architectural styles. This element in the interior can adjust the dimensions of the room by adding ceiling height, or visually lengthen the room in size if you use several columns standing in a row. It is also very unusual and fashionable to use them to highlight zones in the space of a room. For example, you can highlight the dining room in the living room or add columns on the sides of the fireplace, decorating it elegantly. In some cases, you can add volume and airiness by installing lighting in the ceiling.

You can use columns for practical purposes, for example, cut niches in them, and then put photo frames in them, place mirrors or screw clothes hangers there. It is very convenient to cover unnecessary wires or pipes with hollow columns, and also to make shelves or drawers in them.

Columns come in different colors, materials and shapes, so their use is possible in any living room design. This element of architecture is rarely found in a single form; much more columns are used in pairs or as a composition of several pieces.

Columns in the living room interior

You can decorate them in the interior using new technologies, diversifying them in color or design. You can cover them with plaster, paint them by hand, or lay out an interesting mosaic on them; in addition, the columns are not only cylindrical, but also square.

IN modern world there is a very large selection material for the production of columns

Polyurethane foam.
This material is extremely light, elegant and flexible, making it a pleasure to work with. Columns made of polyurethane are now becoming very popular to use in living room design.

Drywall and plaster.
The next most commonly used materials are drywall and plaster. Any design can be made from such materials. The only drawback of this material is that it cannot be used for design in rooms with high humidity, since gypsum is susceptible to destruction from moisture.

Marble and granite.
This type of materials would be better suited connoisseurs of traditions, because for many millennia they have been used to build grand buildings included in the cultural heritage of humanity. Granite or marble columns have high strength and therefore are practically not subject to wear, which will help withstand the load as load-bearing structures.
However, the cost of such materials is very high, and processing them is much more difficult. Others used are limestone and basalt because they are much cheaper. In the most stately and luxurious interiors, columns are faced with semi-precious stones, such as jasper, onyx, lapis lazuli and others.

Tree.
Columns made of wood have original look. You can cut out a variety of patterns and designs on them, as well as paint them in various colors. If they are made from valuable trees, it will bring wonderful forest aromas into your living room.

Fake diamond.
This is very good material for columns, but also expensive in cost, like marble. However, it is much more convenient to work with and is lighter in weight than natural stone. On such The stone is easy to apply finishing materials, and stunning imitations of natural stone are also made from it.
To complement the living room design with an element such as columns, you need to decide which room they would be appropriate in and which room would be better off without them.

The column should match the style of the living room, its design and color palette. Under no circumstances should it be removed when it is intended by the architect to support the load-bearing structures of the building. In this case, you need to consider changing the design.

This design element should be installed only in large living rooms, because it is quite large in size. IN small room such bulky structures are not needed. They can use polyurethane columns as decoration for a fireplace or wall.

Thus, columns in the living room bring sophistication and a formal look. Using them in interior design, you will attract the attention of guests and add emphasis to the decor of the room.
To select columns, it is best to contact specialists so that they can help you select the required option, as well as help in installing this architectural detail. This will avoid wasting your time and effort.

Living room design with columns, photo

Those who prefer to emphasize the peculiarity of their home by using such an interior element as columns, know that they symbolize reliability, prosperity, wealth and luxury. To achieve the desired effect, it is necessary not only to select the right materials, but also to successfully design all the elements of the column. Let's figure out how to properly use columns in the interior of an apartment, and what materials to give preference to.

1. Columns as an interior element

First columns were used in ancient Egypt in the construction of pyramids. They were made of stone and were a cylindrical pillar that reached a height of about 10 meters. It was after this that their wider use began. In classical architecture they served for support arched vaults, taking on a significant load. In the modern version, you can find free-standing columns, on the tops of which there are small statues. Such elements serve for decoration, making them more majestic and emphasizing the wealth of the owners. There are several varieties – semi-columns And pilasters. The first ones protrude from the plane of the wall by about half their thickness. They can perform both decorative and practical functions and support load-bearing structural elements. The pilaster looks like a full-fledged column, but does not have entasis, that is, a smooth transition from larger diameter from below to the smaller from above. This technique is used for elimination visual concavity effect pillar Can serve as a supporting and decorative element.

Main design elements

Any type of column consists of their three basics elements, which perform a specific role.

2. Purpose in a modern interior

Many are surprised why columns in the interior are still actively used by many designers. The answer to this question is very simple - even the most ordinary room can look completely different if it contains at least half-columns, not to mention a full-fledged element. It acquires shades of antiquity and nobility. It is especially successful to use this technique to delimit a vast space that includes several functional zones. The role of load-bearing or decorative elements is also very easy to realize with the help of columns. Let's take a closer look:

• Support function. When many are dismantled interior partitions, freeing up more free space, thereby violating the original idea of ​​the builders. To avoid destruction, use columns as a support for floor slabs. You will mark the boundaries of several rooms, support the ceiling, and bring unique sophistication to your new interior. Support columns must be made of durable materials and have a sufficient diameter. You can use stone or metal.
• Decor It is very easy to diversify and refine any room by decorating it with columns. Better to use in the interior double elements, that is, depending on the area, two or three structures can be located in one room at once. They must be made in the same style. So they will create a single harmonious composition, and not drag attention from one to another.
  Very interesting, but not so pretentious, they look semi-columns, which is framed, for example, beautiful in the living room or. Remember that if you decide to build such a binding element within your walls, you need to start with it, and only then select the appropriate furniture and decoration for the entire room. If it so happens that first you and then decided to complement it in such an unusual way, then be sure to coordinate their appearance with the style of the room.
• Zoning with the help of or partitions are used everywhere, but rooms separated from each other by a colonnade are found in ordinary apartments infrequently. Colonnades It is customary to call a group of small neat columns that are placed on the same line and made in the same style. The dining room separated from the living room in this way will become the center of attention for all your guests.
  In addition, you can combine beauty and functionality and make one of the sides of the columns, which is directed inside the dining room, with hidden small inside lockers for storing spices, small utensils and other household items. And if it is adjacent to one side of the structure, then you can make open cells in it for storing wine bottles or glasses, place lighting or bar accessories. In the same way, the loggia is separated from the bedroom, making it possible sun rays penetrate the room to a greater extent.
• We hide flaws. Modern apartments are equipped with a large number of different appliances. Obviously, in such a situation there will be a bunch of electrical cables, which must be carefully torn off, as they greatly spoil the aesthetic appearance. They will come to your aid false columns, which are made of wood or . Such elements, as a rule, have an internal frame to which wires are attached and are equipped with a door. Semi-columns on both sides of the TV area will perfectly hide everything unnecessary.
  

As you can see, application Very varied, and can combine several functions at the same time, so do not neglect this type of interior design. Just follow the proportions and remember that it is great option for rooms with low ceilings. After all, columns are nothing more than vertical lines that visually expand the space and make it taller and more spacious. Colonnades made of thin elements in light shades cope well with this.

3. Materials of manufacture

The choice of material for the construction of columns will be entirely depend on their appointments and style affiliation.

• Stone and brick are very durable materials which will serve as a good basis for load-bearing elements. On the other hand, they have significant weight, so take this into account when choosing the number of columns and their thickness. The apartment needs correctly calculate the mass, so that it does not go beyond the limits of what is possible permissible loads on floor slabs according to construction GOSTs. It is wise to design these support structures when building new country house. If your goal is only to decorate the room, then use the stone in as a finishing material.
  Brick elements will perfectly complement the interior, made in Scandinavian style or in . Stone structures are suitable for a room in a country style, and marble ones will perfectly emphasize sophistication. Small fragments decorated with stone will fit well into other styles, especially if they resonate with the decoration of the floors or fireplace area.
• Metal would be appropriate in modern interiors, for example, hi-tech style, kitsch or minimalism, the cold surface of metal with its characteristic reflections will perfectly complement the overall picture. You can play in contrast with the overall decoration of the walls and highlight the features inherent in the room. Especially unusual black or white matte surfaces appear. It is not necessary to make the entire structure from one piece sheet metal, you can sheathe the frame metal panels, which will significantly reduce the cost of the process.
• Tree due to its versatility, strength and durability, it is used in almost all all styles for the manufacture of any elements. It is distinguished by its natural beauty and unique texture. Carved trunks and capitals decorated with various patterns testify to the good taste and prosperity of the owner of the house, because such elements cost a lot of money and are rightfully considered real a work of art. They can play both a decorative role and the role of load-bearing structures under light loads.
  Classical style, country, , Scandinavian, eco and others, where the use of natural materials is preferable, cannot do without wooden columns. Wood can be painted, you can simply open it up, in any form it looks stylish and noble.
• Concrete- Very lasting And durable material that will complement the feeling of incompleteness inherent in the style loft. Such an element does not even need to be subject to additional design. In this case, two functions will be combined - decorative and practical. But you shouldn’t load the room by building concrete pillar only to emphasize one or another feature of the interior. Such elements are performed only provide support if necessary load-bearing structures.
• Drywall- a favorite material of many designers, which allows you to quickly and at low cost radically change and decorate the most boring interior. This material is good for its pliability, it can be veneer with any kind finishing materials. An undoubted advantage is light weight such structures.
  To achieve visual appeal, it will be enough to finish the surface of the drywall with finishing putty and simply paint them. Well, if you show a little imagination and veneer walls or, you will not distinguish such columns from those that are actually made of natural materials.
• Polyurethane- This modern material white, having a dense structure, has a very wide range of applications. He can be tough can bend which makes it possible to make structures of unusual shapes from it. Columns made of polyurethane will fit absolutely to all styles.They are sold ready-made, in various diameters with a smooth or faceted surface. As a rule, for one pillar there are several options for the base and capital, which are already decorated with artistic bas-reliefs or other elements. There are also half-columns with the ability to select the necessary elements. This material goes well with, and with, and with stone, and other materials with which you subsequently decide to decorate the walls. In a word - a win-win for undecided people.

4. Style features

Columns are called pay attention to the most interesting areas of the interior. They must complement and advantageous to emphasize features without contradicting him. There are particularly successful areas in which it is recommended to use these elements.

• Loft as the main design style of the entire room, it undoubtedly benefits from the use of columns as decorative elements. It is considered a projection abandoned production premises, which require the presence of supporting elements. They just have to look like rough, unfinished structures made from rough materials, such as metal, brick or raw concrete. Rough textured surfaces, limited color range and strict forms - these are main features elements made to match the loft style. Indeed, against the backdrop of such unfinished elements, modern equipment or furniture is perceived as a luxury item, which is what the performers need to achieve.
  
• Antique style involves the use of expensive natural materials, which are designed to emphasize luxury and splendor. This style is suitable not even for paired elements, but for entire colonnades made of natural marble, jade, malachite. Of course, the cost of such a monolithic structure will go beyond all acceptable limits, therefore, in order to reduce the cost of the product, they only use cladding from these materials. The use of cheap materials is unacceptable in this option, otherwise you risk ruining the appearance and atmosphere of the entire room.
  
• Egyptian the style is limited to a certain theme, which is transmitted to absolutely all objects in the room. Color spectrum, as a rule, too limited and includes blue, green, red and some of their shades, such as coral and olive. Surface In this case, the columns can only be smooth and must be decorated with plant-themed ornaments. Textured and rough surfaces will contradict the chosen style.
• is one of the most simple styles for the execution of columns. You can use materials such as gypsum, artificial stone or polyurethane. If you give preference to carved wooden columns, you can emphasize the luxury of this historical style.
  
• involves the use asymmetrical shapes, which add originality, and thanks to the predominance of smooth curved lines, such columns in the interior attract attention and seem to hypnotize. Such elements will definitely not go unnoticed.
  
• Ethnic styles that include Provence And country, are actually quite varied. In such rooms, arches look very harmonious, and if you complement them on both sides with columns on which they will supposedly rest, you can make the space more open and interesting. Elements made of wood or brick will perfectly complement the interior.
  
• Classic assumes good materials and strict regular forms. This interior looks solid and expensive, but at the same time discreet and elegant. Wooden columns correct forms, decorated with carved pillars or, conversely, smooth ones, but with bas-reliefs on the base and pilaster, just right for such rooms. Wood is best used in its in its natural form, just giving it a slight tint using stain or opening it with clear varnish. This will make its natural shade more saturated and.
  

5. Unusual finishing options

The columns themselves are called upon decorate And ennoble the room in which they are located, but if we are talking about structures made of plasterboard or concrete, then their surface needs additional cladding. The most good options We will look at finishing in more detail.

• Mosaic has gained great popularity in modern interiors. It is used to cover individual fragments or the bath itself in order to somehow diversify the overall picture. Very convenient option - narrower, plain or with an ornament, which consists of small squares measuring 2x2 cm. Mosaic elements are placed on flexible basis and represent sheets different sizes. The most popular is 35x35 cm. This design makes its use very convenient, especially on radius and curved surfaces. Very interesting view mosaics are honeycomb Hexagons, which are the basis of this pattern, have been used for a very long time, and now they are the latest trend in the design world. It is worth noting mosaic from natural stone, glass, mirror And metal mosaic The latter option is usually made to order and may have different shapes. This is great alternative metal panels, more interesting and unusual. It is advisable to coordinate this design option with the decorative frame around the painting. This technique will not allow this element to go unnoticed. Columns lined with metal mosaics will look great in a room designed in high-tech, minimal or loft style.
  
  
• . Yes, you read that right, you can really give your columns a natural look with this cladding material. Otherwise they call him "stone wallpaper" because it is a material rolled into rolls. Despite his flexibility, he really completed from natural stone, more precisely, from very small fractions of it, glued to a textile surface. This perfect option For finishing of round elements.
  Flexible stone is very different light weight, lower cost compared to ordinary stone and exactly repeats the natural color of various types. Natural texture preserved using a special type of production. The surface of the natural stone is pre-leveled, thoroughly impregnated with a special adhesive and a piece of textile is applied. When the glue dries, the fabric is removed along with the top layer of stone. The thickness of this coating usually does not exceed 3 mm. It can be produced not only in rolls, but also in the form of slabs. Installation does not require special skills from the performer and is reminiscent of the process of pasting wallpaper.
• Decorative panels attract many people with their affordable price and a variety of choice of materials and textures. At your choice, aluminum and even glass panels. They are very durable, do not require special care and are easy to install. This type of finish is suitable for cladding rectangular or many bare columns, but not round ones. Wooden panels very expensive, so there are varieties that are made of several layers of wood pressed under pressure. It's more affordable option, since only the first layer is made of valuable rocks. Remember that locking connections must have special impregnation, protecting from moisture. The most used ones are plastic panels, which are more affordable than wooden ones.
  Their surface can be either smooth or imitate various textures. The top is matte or glossy coating, which is antistatic, that is, it does not attract dust. Aluminum panels have a unique visual effect, which is explained by the unique pattern. It is often performed manually. Caring for such panels is very simple and consists of periodically wiping with a cloth moistened with window cleaning liquid. Panels from acrylic glass can be very diverse. They can be decorated in a wide variety of ways, from shells inside, various leaves, stones to air bubbles. With the help of such material, located on dark surfaces, you can create unique compositions.
• Plaster stucco will complement columns in a classic style. Columns decorated in this way will look rich and presentable. Variety of shapes and sizes will allow you to choose decorative elements to suit every taste. You can decorate the trunk of a column with stucco, but smooth structures with beautiful bas-reliefs on the base and capital look much more impressive. For greater expressiveness individual fragments of the pattern can be painted with gold paint, symbolizing wealth and prosperity. Despite its chic appearance, environmental friendliness and more than a century of appreciation, gypsum stucco has a number of disadvantages. These are the impressive weight of large elements, fragility, poor water resistance and color change over time.
  Although true connoisseurs consider the yellowed color and small cracks on the surface to be evidence of antiquity and vice versa, they strive for such an effect. Don’t forget that by purchasing the desired shape on the Internet or in a store, you can easily make plaster fragments yourself.

More standard options finishes, for example, with wood, artificial stone or plaster, also look very decent.

6. DIY columns

Indeed, such an exquisite decorative element as columns is quite is it possible to do with your own hands. You don't need to spend a significant amount of money to give your home a touch of luxury and pomp. We will look at the three simplest manufacturing options.

• Columns made of polystyrene foam. No matter how unrealistic it may sound, we will do it! We would recommend doing semi-columns from this material. We will need foam sheet, stationery knife, plaster mesh and corner, finishing putty, small . The foam sheet must match the thickness of the desired size of the finished column. Before starting work it is necessary perform markup on the wall in the place where the future structure will be attached. In order to provide strict perpendicularity to the floor and ceiling, use a plumb line. Draw two lines that will correspond to the width of the element. Now let's start cutting out the workpiece. Draw on a sheet of foam plastic circuit and carefully cut the required fragment with a sharp stationery knife. To avoid unnecessary work later on straightening the edges, try to keep the knife as straight as possible. Remember that every real column must have a base and a capital, and ours will be no exception, so leave room for them. Now it's time to attach the foam pole. Apply liquid nails to the side that will be adjacent to the wall and lean it against it. At this stage, you will need a helper to press at the same time from above and below. Hold the part for a few minutes to allow the glue to set. By the way, instead of liquid nails can be used . Immediately remove excess glue with a damp cloth. Now let's make the base. We are making a rectangular classic column, which means the base will be a small square. We cut it out and attach it to the wall in the same way. If you still have a gap between the post and this piece, cut out small rectangular pieces and glue them around the perimeter. It will be even more natural. We do the same from above, thus creating the feeling that the ceiling is supported by a full-fledged column. Can manifest more fantasies, than we do, and make the capital in two parts. That is, between the usual rectangle, which is adjacent to the ceiling and the pillar, add a trapezoidal element. You can later attach decorative elements to it. If you have a very indoor space and you do not have enough length of the foam sheet, glue the pole together from several parts. At this stage, be careful when cutting. The closer the parts fit together, the less noticeable they will be in the final result. The joints must be well coated with glue. When the whole composition is assembled, let's move on To registration Plaster polystyrene foam is very uncomfortable, putty fits very poorly on it due to its slippery surface. To avoid difficulties we will carry out plastering work V two stages. First you need to place plaster mesh on the entire surface of the foam and apply the first thin layer putty, leaving the mesh visible. After complete drying, apply another finishing layer, which should hide All flaws. If you were unable to maintain the straightness of the edges, you can hide this by placing perforated corners under the mesh. The surface should be smooth and without depressions or protrusions. To ensure this result, apply the putty in one direction. in an even layer. Small pores or scratches must be rubbed with fine sandpaper. Don't press too hard; foam is still a soft material. When you start to like the appearance of the surface, wipe it with a soft cloth to remove dust and start painting.
  Choose paint that contrasts with the color of the walls. This way your columns will be more visible. For variety, you can use pearlescent or gold paint in certain areas. It is not advisable to glue gypsum stucco onto such a structure due to its weight. It is better to cut all decorative fragments from the same foam and plaster them.
• Columns from stenoflex. Another inexpensive option for making columns at home. For those who are hearing about such material for the first time, let’s go a little deeper into the details. Stenoflex It is a gray foamed polyethylene and is used to insulate water pipes.
  Available in two options: in the form of a cylinder with an internal hole with a diameter of 6 to 140 mm and a wall thickness of 25 to 45 mm, and in the form of a bundle with an outer diameter of 6 to 80 mm. As you can see from the size, this the material is suitable For manufacturing more thin And graceful columns, and even colonnades. We will decorate the TV area with paired semi-columns. For this we use stenoflex with a hole inside. Also we will need liquid nails, ceiling profile (regular baguette), decorative polystyrene profile, polystyrene foam. We start with the markup, as in the first point. Now it is necessary cut carefully cylinder along the thin strip that you will find on its surface and unfold. You will end up with a semicircular shaped piece. Apply liquid nails to the ends where the cut is made and lean them against the wall. You can leave space for the base and capital, or you can make them around the body of the column. By the way, they are for sale ready-made fragments already decorated with various bas-reliefs, you can use this option. Now Let's start cladding. It is unlikely that it will be possible to plaster this material, so we will glue a decorative polystyrene profile onto it. Start from where the cylinder meets the wall and move in a circle. The whole profile may not fit and will need to be cut, so start gluing from the more visible side. Now let's glue the top and bottom pieces. We have them purchased, but you can make them from foam plastic or from a regular baguette. When you cover a semicircular column with baguette, you will be left with gaps that can easily be hidden with a profile made of bendable polystyrene. The finished result will pleasantly surprise you.
• Columns from plasterboard. They made everything from this material. The advantage of it is that you can do it like rectangular, so and round pillars. A special series of bendable plasterboard for parts with a small rounding radius will allow you to turn any of your ideas into reality. It’s true that such sheets cost an order of magnitude cheaper, so we’ll make do with regular LGK. As always, begin With markings. Now we will make a free-standing structure. Let's start with a simpler shape - rectangular. We will need: LGK sheet, metal profile, fastening elements. Decide on the location and size of the edges, this is necessary for making the frame. In the desired location you need to do the same markup on the floor and ceiling, repeating the contour of the future column. To avoid displacement top and bottom, use a plumb line. Cut the profile and secure it according to the markings using dowels and. Now insert the four guide profiles inside and secure them to the bases. Cover the frame with plasterboard, secure special corners at the corners and putty the surface.
  The base and capital can be decorated with a carved ceiling baguette. Now let's look at the process manufacturing a round column. The same materials will be required. Draw a circle of the desired size on the floor and ceiling. Mark the center using a plumb line, and then use a compass. To repeat the contour, the profile must cut every 4-5 cm.
  Lay out the circle on the floor and ceiling and secure with self-tapping screws. Now secure the profile guides inside them. Measure the circumference with a centimeter and cut the required piece from the sheet of drywall. Along its entire length make cuts similar to cuts on the profile. Carefully cover the frame with such a broken sheet. Now the hardest part - needs to be puttied first the cuts, and after they are completely dry, the entire surface. We advise you make a template rectangular shape made of plywood, on one side of which a semicircle will be cut, corresponding to the radius of the column. Apply putty to the trunk, lean the template and smoothly move it from bottom to top. This way you will be able to achieve a more round shape. Next, decorate your design as you please. Columns made using these methods differ little from monolithic.

Columns were, are and will remain one of the most important architectural and structural elements of a building. However, in comparison with walls, columns have a much more complex structural component associated with the presence of a complex geometry of cross sections; accordingly, cladding of columns is also not a simple process.

Also, the column has a limited facing area and is often densely multifaceted, and facing corners, similar to facing slopes, is one of the most difficult processes of this type of finishing. Round columns are also difficult to cover and require perfect geometry accuracy.

Let us consider in more detail what types/methods of their cladding there are, as well as the main difficulties in this process; the list is as follows:

• facing of square columns;
• cladding of polygonal columns;
• cladding of round columns;
• cladding of metal columns of complex shapes.

Cladding of square columns is, in fact, the simplest: there are four planes, which are lined in turn along the side guide beacon strips set in advance.

These columns are easiest to veneer with both dry and wet method, but the easiest option is cladding with siding (dry method), since all that is required is to set four corner guides and cover them with strips of siding.

Cladding of polygonal columns – a very complex process, requiring special qualifications of the master. The whole difficulty lies in calculating correct angle rotation of each face of such a column.

The entire outcome of the work depends on the template prepared in advance, according to which the plastering and cladding of the columns is carried out. As for the dry method of cladding polygonal columns, although it is not simple, it is much easier than plaster or “on a layer” cladding.

Cladding of round columns complicated in that it is a single, closed plane, which must be made in compliance with the vertical, as well as strict geometry in a circular section.

The main guideline in it is the correctly positioned two guides along which the semicircle column template moves. Accordingly, the work is performed in two stages: the first and second half of the column. If we talk about the dry method of cladding a round column, then cladding products in the form of a semicircle are quite easy to install.

Cladding of metal columns a complex shape usually comes down to the fact that in the process of preparation for cladding it is given a rectangular or square shape. Accordingly, the most labor-intensive stage here is preparation for cladding.

As a rule, these columns are presented in the form of a T-section, I-section, channel and many more complex section shapes, which makes the process of cladding “in fact” almost impossible, as it is, it is incredibly labor-intensive; there is no aesthetics.

It is worth considering the material itself for cladding columns, or more precisely, its shape and size, since materials correctly selected according to these parameters can facilitate the cladding process itself.

Features and types of “wet” cladding of columns, advantages and disadvantages

Modern technology for cladding columns using the “wet” method, as well as walls, is divided into two stages: preparatory and working. Wherein preparatory stage includes preparation for plastering (when facing “on a layer”), and sometimes the plastering process itself (if facing will be done “on a comb”).

When preparing surfaces, it is important to take into account not only the level, plane, angle of rotation of the faces of the column itself, but also the straightness of the columns if they are in a row. Thus, first of all, the front and rear edges of the outer columns are hung, after which, according to the established marks (see “Plastering surfaces”), horizontal cords are pulled along the columns.

Marks for the front and rear edges of the intermediate columns are already placed along these cords, and the side marks on each column will have to be placed separately. In this case, as can be seen in the figures, marks are necessary for the correct positioning of the lighthouse slats or template, which is used for plastering preparation for cladding “under the comb” or cladding “on a layer”; the exception is the facing of columns with bricks.

Regarding the cladding of columns using the wet method various materials, then you can make a list of the types of column cladding:

• tiling of columns;
• facing columns with stone;
• facing columns with bricks.

– this is a long-outdated type of finishing; it is the most painstaking and time-consuming.

It is necessary that all the seams and rows meet, the junction in the corners must be perfectly trimmed, the laying out should be perfectly smooth, without “sides”, straight, a lot more is needed, but the decorativeness and practicality of such finishing is no better than other types.

Mainly cladding of columns ceramic tiles carried out indoors, the column is prepared perfectly, leveled with plasterboard (“dry plaster”) or “wet”, mortar plaster. Today, its variety is used - porcelain tiles.

is like an “outlet”, a pleasant exception in this difficult task.

The fact is that stone, as a rule, is either laid on the surface of columns in the form of large polished facing blocks, or in the form of products with a natural, chipped structure of deep relief.

In the first case, the simplicity of cladding is due to the smaller number of operations for laying cladding products; in the second, due to relief surface, the eye will not catch all possible deviations.

, that is, essentially an artificial stone, is good because it eliminates surface preparation as such.

The preparatory stage consists of hanging, as a result of which the upper and lower vertical marks of the edges of the columns and their straightness relative to the row are determined.

Bricks for cladding are laid in rows; the main concern in this process is to maintain the verticality of the corners and the thickness of the seam. In addition, the brick can be either with a smooth front surface or with a chipped one, which makes the laying process easier and allows for the opportunity to cheat a little.

Features and types of “dry” cladding of columns, advantages and disadvantages

When facing columns using the dry method, they are guided by all the same principles and rules regarding deviations from the level, plane, straightness and angle of rotation of the faces of the columns, as when facing using the dry method. However, as such, there is no division between preparing the surface of the column and cladding the column; all work is divided into three stages: hanging, installation of the frame, installation of cladding panels on the frame.

Hanging is the same as when plastering with a wet method, there is only one nuance: the marks are made from dowels, and not from mortar or pieces of tiles. Also, using a beating cord, they mark the direction lines of future profiles along which the fastening elements for them are mounted.

The frame consists of guides - upper and lower, which are mounted first and of profiles, which are mounted in the last stage of assembling the frame, after installing the brackets for them.

After the frame is set in the design position and secured, cladding products begin to be “hung” onto it, or more precisely, onto the profiles, using special brackets and frame screws for metal. As for the cladding materials themselves for the dry method of cladding columns, the list is as follows:

• cladding of columns with wood;
• cladding of columns with composite panels;
• lining columns with plasterboard.

implies wooden lining or wooden panels.

In this case, the frame can be made of wooden beams.

Whether this is good or bad is a purely financial and controversial question; you need to consider how much the material will cost with work + impregnation for water resistance and against insects.

Such cladding itself, depending on the type of wood, can even be healing, if, of course, it is located inside the house. The remaining advantages, as they say, “depend on the taste and color of a friend,” that is, some people like wood, others prefer stone.

- frequently used the most modern way facade finishing, also called a ventilated facade.

These panels are aluminum cladding products that are mounted on metal carcass using special fasteners so that there are gaps between them.

Thus, ventilation occurs inside. In addition to composite panels, plastic, glass, asbestos-cement and porcelain tile panels are installed using the same principle - a new type of finishing materials.

There is also excellent material for cladding rectangular columns - vinyl siding, which is much easier to install.

Cladding columns with plasterboard , as you may have guessed, occurs indoors and is intended to level them, but has nothing to do with the finishing cladding.

To assemble a plasterboard frame, as a rule, a UD-27 guide (27 mm thickness) and an SD-70 profile (27 mm thickness, 70 mm width) are used.

Drywall is mounted to the profiles using metal self-tapping screws in 10 cm increments. After the cladding of the columns with plasterboard is completed, the surface is treated with a primer and, after it dries, covered with artificial or natural stone tiles using the “comb-together” method.

This finishing is beneficial when the unevenness of the columns is too large to be plastered or covered “on a layer”.

We are accustomed to seeing columns in formal interiors created according to the canons of antique or classical styles. Recently, such architectural elements have begun to gain popularity, and now they can be found in many modern interiors.

Columns in the interior: a little theory

Columns in the interior are an excellent way to express individuality, highlight design features and demonstrate a subtle sense of taste.

Types of columns

Columns are divided into several types: colonnades, paired columns, semi-columns. Each of them plays a specific role in the interior.

Colonnade

An architectural element such as a colonnade is designed to visually divide the space into functional zones. Externally, it looks like a series of identical columns united by a common vault or arch. A colonnade made of durable material can not only perform decorative role, but also replace the supporting structure.

Paired columns

Paired columns imply a logical arrangement of elements in pairs. Designers use them to emphasize certain architectural features and interior details: door and window openings, fireplace, flights of stairs. And if paired columns are combined with an arch, then you can easily zone the room without disturbing its spaciousness.

Half columns

Another variety is half-columns. They are placed near the walls and, like paired columns, are used to highlight objects and architectural elements.

Functional features of columns

Columns in the interior can perform different functions depending on the needs of the home owners. The main purpose is the role of supporting elements. This function is necessary in cases where the design project involves the abandonment of load-bearing walls in favor of open space.

The most popular role of columns is decorative. Increasingly, these architectural elements are used as accent details in the interior, which allow not only to diversify the design, but also to visually delimit the room, as well as hide unsightly communications and wiring.

In what styles are columns appropriate?

Columns selected in accordance with stylistic features can add originality to the design and emphasize its concept. When drawing up a project for a future interior, be sure to take into account the characteristic features that are inherent in the chosen direction.

It implies elegant design, laconic forms, lack of pretentiousness. White square columns will look neat and noble, and a simple pattern in the form of elongated rectangles will add grace to them. Characteristic feature classic style is symmetry, so architectural elements are arranged in pairs.

For original interiors in style, wooden columns are suitable. These can be either elements made of timber or supports made from a rough-hewn trunk. Columns from natural wood They allow you to introduce natural motifs into the design and create the coziness of a country house. Wooden structural elements inherent and . Columns decorated with skillful carvings will recreate the atmosphere of the fairy tales of 1001 nights in the interior.

Antique gypsum columns and half-columns located along the wall - great way implement in the interior. Snow-white supporting elements look harmonious against the background of shades of blue and blue flowers, which are typical for this direction.

Modern styles embody the spirit of city streets, freedom of expression and the absence of conventions. This is why concrete columns are so popular in interiors. They look very conceptual and unusual. Rough textures, lack finishing and decor make stone and columns a good choice for decorating modern interiors.

How to play with columns in the interior?

In pursuit of open space, we have to look for an answer to the question: how to play with load-bearing structures and make them either visually dissolve or become a focal point in the interior.

Experimenting with styles and materials

The most obvious way to play with a column in the interior is to play with contrast. It can be designed in such a way that it stands out against the background of the general design. For example, if the interior is designed in a minimalist style with a predominant white color in the decoration, a concrete column will create the necessary effect without violating the concept of direction.

What if we bring classic pylons into modern design? Columns of opposite styles will create an unusual contrast in the interior and give it interesting features. However, be careful when experimenting with directions. Not all styles are organically combined with each other, and instead of a harmonious design, you risk getting a tasteless interior.

If the house designers planned to use massive supporting structures in the rooms, they can be played up with the help of. This method is appropriate for both decoration and a calm style. Depending on the color scheme that predominates in the decoration, the brickwork can be not only of a natural shade, but also painted with paint to match the main color.

Columns as an element of furniture

When the question arises about decorating a kitchen interior, many do not suspect that columns can serve not only as decorative elements. They are often used as a base for a kitchen island. Similar layout allows you to visually delimit the room into a work area and a dining area.

Another way to use a column in your kitchen interior is to use it as a rack for wine bottles or groceries. Hollow decorative elements are suitable for organizing a storage system.

In an open plan living room, support columns are often left with oversized support columns. They will come in handy to create a functional media center. Sheath the structure suitable material, equip it with sockets and a storage system, and all you have to do is hang the TV and put discs with your favorite films in the drawers.

Don't know how to beat two closely standing columns? Combine them with shelves, and you will have an original rack at your disposal. The same structure can be transformed into a real partition if the back wall is tightly sealed with wood board or plasterboard. Leave room on the front side for a small ottoman, attach bookshelves above it, and you will have a full-fledged reading corner.

A square column in the hallway can be enhanced with poufs. Organize a place for changing shoes by placing a soft seat and several drawers for storing shoes around the support element. Columns can also be used as a background for your favorite photographs, posters and paintings. Monochromatic architectural elements with a square cross-section are best suited for this.

We hope that our article will help you choose best option use of columns in the interior.