Beijing cabbage - cultivation and care. Growing Chinese cabbage: basics and secrets of the harvest
Those who have tried at least once Chinese cabbage , they will probably prefer it to all others in the future. It is the most tender representative of the cabbage species, and tastes very much like salad. Tender, juicy leaves are quite suitable for various salad dishes, or sandwiches decorated with herbs. The leaves are also used in borscht, cabbage rolls, and for preparing spicy Korean dishes. In terms of juiciness, Chinese cabbage is a real record holder: not a single salad, nor any other type of cabbage can compare with it. Also, one of its undeniable advantages is that when cooked it does not smell of a specific cabbage smell.
The benefits of Chinese cabbage
Chinese cabbage is no less healthy than all other types of cabbage: it contains many vitamins A, C, B1, B2, B6, PP, E, P, K, U, and the whole range of necessary mineral salts. Vitamin C and protein
it contains 2 times more than white cabbage.
One of its most important advantages is that it retains vitamins throughout the winter , which distinguishes it favorably from lettuce, which has a short shelf life, and white cabbage, which also loses vitamins during storage. Therefore, in the spring, Chinese cabbage is simply irreplaceable as a supplier of vitamins and minerals, especially necessary for the body after winter.
Growing Chinese cabbage
Chinese cabbage appeared in China in the 5th century AD, and for a long time it was cultivated only in China, Japan, Korea and others eastern countries. But in Lately People are increasingly trying to grow it on their plots, and in our country, however, it is not always successful. Things went especially well with the emergence of new varieties, resistant to shooting in long daylight conditions. Like other brassicas, Chinese cabbage bolts and produces seeds when grown long. more than 12 hours of daylight, and sets a head of cabbage and produces a harvest with a short day of less than 12 hours. In addition, to form a head of cabbage optimal temperature 15−20 degrees. Cabbage does not like sudden changes in temperature, and often goes into a spiral.
In technology growing Chinese cabbage It has its own characteristics, differences from, without knowing which, you can lose your harvest and be disappointed in this culture.
And it’s completely in vain - after all, Chinese cabbage is one of the fastest-ripening and highest-yielding crops. Growing Chinese cabbage is very profitable - after all, it is not only early ripening, but also gives big harvest , at the level of 600-1000 kilograms per hundred square meters, but it is also a fairly expensive crop. The market is still far from being saturated with this culture, and it always goes with a bang.
It is so productive and has such a short growing season that it is profitable to grow it even in winter in heated greenhouses. So it can be grown almost all year round, providing themselves with constant harvests.
Growing Chinese cabbage in greenhouses
When growing Chinese cabbage in heated greenhouses since the beginning of spring it gives the maximum yield - up to a ton per hundred square meters. In this case, at the end of May you can already harvest. The best varieties for spring growing: F1 Spring Jade and F1 Spring Beauty.
A second harvest in greenhouses can be obtained by growing since the beginning of autumn . Then the harvest can already be harvested around the end of November. The best varieties for autumn growing: F1 Autumn Jade and F1 Autumn Beauty, as well as F1 September.
It is very important to plant spring varieties in the spring and autumn varieties in the fall. Otherwise, the cabbage may go to waste. This especially applies to autumn varieties who don't like heat.
But there are also universal varieties, such as F1 Miss China, and F1 Chinese Select. The weight of a head of cabbage at the time of harvest for Chinese Select cabbage can exceed 4 kg, and the length may well be more than 50 cm.
- What is OKVED for business?
- Packaging and storage
- conclusions
- Step-by-step plan for starting a business
- How much can you earn from your own Chinese cabbage?
- What is OKVED for business?
- What documents are needed to open a farm?
- Do you need a permit to open a business?
- Similar business ideas:
Growing Chinese cabbage and its benefits
Growing Chinese cabbage is a new direction in Russian vegetable growing. The demand for Chinese cabbage is constantly growing due to its excellent taste qualities and a rich composition of vitamins.
The advantages of growing this vegetable crop on farms:
- Productivity, depending on the variety and growing conditions, reaches 900 c/ha;
- Grows favorably when low temperatures(which is good for middle zone Russia), only 12 grams are required to form a head of cabbage. Optimal temperature cultivation is 20 grams. The plant can withstand short-term frosts down to minus 5 -7 degrees;
- High wholesale selling price, which averages 20 rubles/kg. If 300 tons of cabbage are sold, and such a volume can be obtained from 5 hectares of planting area, the revenue will be more than 6 million rubles;
- The plant has a short growing season of 50 - 70 days. You can get several harvests in one season;
- The annual high demand for Chinese cabbage allows us to sell it without any problems;
- The high productivity of Chinese cabbage allows it to be grown even in greenhouses!
In addition to the advantages, it is worth highlighting the disadvantages of creating a business for growing Chinese cabbage:
- The agricultural technology of growing Chinese cabbage on our territory has been poorly studied;
- Dependence on soil fertility (more on this below);
- Susceptible to various diseases, like many cabbage plants. Peking cabbage is very popular with pests, so insecticidal treatments are very important;
- The short period of being “on the vine” is no more than 2 weeks, and if removed later, it may result in rotting, necrosis of the leaves and a decrease in shelf life.
Step-by-step plan for starting a business
- Soil preparation.
- Possible risks.
Which tax system to choose
To organize a farm for growing Chinese cabbage, you must register a peasant farm or individual entrepreneur. The Unified Agricultural Tax (USAT) is used as a taxation system.
What is OKVED for business?
How much money do you need to invest to grow Chinese cabbage?
To grow a plant on large areas sowing (from 5 hectares) the following investments will be required (approximately):
- Tractor, trailers (rental possible), from 1 million rubles;
- Transplanter, from 200 thousand rubles;
- Seed material, from 5 thousand rubles;
- Fertilizers, from 15 thousand rubles;
- Packaging material, from 15 thousand rubles;
- Vegetable storage, from 200 thousand rubles.
The total initial investment will be from 1,435,000 rubles. The size of the investment is given very arbitrarily. In each individual case, their size may vary dramatically. For example, you can purchase a used tractor, which will reduce your initial costs by almost half.
To the main fixed costs Maintenance of a farm may include:
- rent of land (if not owned);
- wage;
- taxes;
- insurance contributions to the Pension Fund;
- repair of equipment and fuels and lubricants.
You can get start-up capital for organizing a farm to grow Chinese cabbage in the following ways:
- Obtain a preferential loan from the bank for agricultural producers;
- Participate in programs state support beginning farmers. Depending on the region of the Russian Federation, it is possible to receive up to 1.5 million rubles free of charge for the development of peasant farms.
How much can you earn from your own Chinese cabbage?
What documents are needed to open a farm?
If there is extensive agricultural work and large areas are cultivated land(more than 1 Ha). State registration of a peasant farm is required. But when you cultivate small areas of land, since the law allows you to have a personal subsidiary plot (in your own backyard). Then grow agricultural products for sale without any tax collections allowed.
To register a peasant farm, you need: an application for state registration, a passport of the founder-manager of the company, agreements, a decision on the founding of a peasant farm (if there are several shareholders). Then, confirmation of payment of the state duty and the actual place of residence of the founder. If the enterprise is organized by one person, an agreement on the creation of a peasant farm is not needed.
Do you need a permit to open a business?
No licensing or special permits are required to grow Chinese cabbage.
Technology for growing Chinese cabbage
For growing Chinese cabbage, the composition of the soil and its fertility are very important. For this crop, neutral (medium composition) fertile soils are selected, since on light soils cabbage dries out quickly, and on heavy acidic soils the crop is most susceptible to diseases such as cabbage clubroot. The best predecessors- cucumbers, zucchini, onions, tomatoes and legumes. For planting, use sunny areas protected from strong winds.
To increase soil fertility, bird droppings, humus, limestone materials, and potassium sulfate are used as fertilizers. 2 weeks after planting, the plants are fed with urea.
It is important when cultivating Chinese cabbage to choose the right plant variety. For early implementation, the best early ripening varieties are Miraco F1, Monaco, Khibinskaya 5. For late implementation the best varieties- Bilko F1 (vegetation period 55-60 days), the cabbage heads of which reach a weight of 2 kg. The vegetable is grown both by seedlings and by direct sowing of seeds in open ground. For seedlings, you can use special soil, for example “Rostorfinfest”. Cabbage seeds in a greenhouse begin to germinate at a temperature of 4-5 degrees. Lack of light is not a problem for her and the plant can develop even without additional lighting. The period from planting seeds in a greenhouse to planting plants in open ground is 24-27 days.
On early stages When planting Chinese cabbage, bolting is possible due to low night temperatures. To prevent bolting of plants at the stage of growing seedlings, it is advisable to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse above 15 degrees.
The first planting begins in late April - early May. Like Chinese cabbage short term During the growing season, to obtain the maximum yield per season, it is preferable to plant it in several stages, dividing the field into several sections. For example, the first landing in the middle zone is May 1, then May 10, May 20, and so on, last landing- at the beginning of August. The planting rate is 40 thousand pieces/ha. The distance between plants in rows is 10 cm - 12 cm, in row spacing they maintain a distance of 45 cm.
Plants are planted using special equipment, for example, an MRM-2 transplanter. The cost of such a car is just over 200 thousand rubles.
The plant loves water very much. When watering plants, 700-800 m3 of water is used for every 10 tons of commercial harvest. More effective system Watering "Beijing" is a drip method.
It is important to treat plants against pests and diseases. Once every three years, the soil should be limed, adding 300-400 g of lime per 1 m2 of soil.
Packaging and storage
Harvesting begins when the plant has 10-12 leaves. The leaves of harvested cabbage wither quickly, so they should be packed immediately.
It is advisable to use it as packaging PVC film width 35-45 cm, while packaging is carried out manually directly into the field. Thanks to this, the shelf life of the vegetable increases several times.
Maximum sales of Chinese cabbage begin in the fall, so by this time it is advisable to increase the area sown with the crop several times.
conclusions
Despite all the pros and cons, growing Chinese cabbage on a farm with proper agricultural technology is very advantageous direction Moreover, there is practically no competition in this industry. Due to the good demand and high selling price of vegetables, this business can become a highly profitable business.
Step-by-step plan for starting a business
Organization of the business process for the production and sale of Chinese cabbage involves the following stages:
- Selection of land for vegetable crops.
- Purchase of planting material.
- Soil preparation.
- Technology, stages of the process of planting and growing cabbage.
- Equipment, transportation and storage of products, hired work force, if required.
- Sales plan for finished vegetable products.
- Possible risks.
How much can you earn from your own Chinese cabbage?
The average market wholesale selling price is about 20-25 rubles per kilo of vegetable products. To get the maximum percentage of benefits, it is advisable to sell Chinese cabbage both in large supermarkets and in small specialized vegetable stores. The vegetable is also sold well by resellers and at agricultural markets. In general, in the production and sale of Chinese cabbage, monthly net earnings of about 300-350 thousand rubles are quite realistic.
What is OKVED for business?
The business of producing and selling Chinese cabbage is registered under code 01, which is responsible for crop production, livestock farming, etc. Its subclause 01.1 corresponds to the cultivation of annual crops, namely vegetables, root crops, melons, etc. - clause 01.13.
What documents are needed to open a farm?
If there is extensive agricultural work and large plots of land are cultivated (more than 1 hectare). State registration of a peasant farm is required. But when you cultivate small areas of land, since the law allows you to have a personal subsidiary plot (in your own backyard). It is also allowed to grow agricultural products for sale without any taxes. To register a peasant farm, you need: an application for state registration, a passport of the founder-manager of the company, agreements, a decision on the founding of a peasant farm (if there are several shareholders). Then, confirmation of payment of the state duty and the actual place of residence of the founder. If the enterprise is organized by one person, an agreement on the creation of a peasant farm is not needed.
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PRODUCTIVITY OF PEKING CABBAGE AT DIFFERENT GROWING TIMES
ON THE. Kolpakov
Chinese cabbage has important positive economic and biological properties. Thanks to precocity and chemical composition it can replace in spring period white cabbage. Eating Chinese cabbage has a beneficial effect on digestion and human health.
In the northern provinces of China, the share of Chinese cabbage in population consumption during the winter months is up to 80% of total vegetable consumption. In Japan, the area under it is 30,000 hectares, in Korea - about 70,000, in Germany in some years it increased to 1,000 hectares.
However, in Russia, Chinese cabbage began to be introduced into commercial vegetable growing relatively recently. For a long time its spread was hampered by the lack of varieties and hybrids that are resistant to stemming when grown in open ground under long-day conditions.
Interest in this crop is associated with a number of its economically valuable characteristics: early ripening (forms marketable heads of cabbage in 48-75 days), high yield of marketable heads of cabbage (from 40 to 50 t/ha), valuable biochemical composition (rich in vitamins, mineral salts, amino acids , including irreplaceable), various ways food use: fresh, boiled, stewed, pickled.
IN Western Siberia Chinese cabbage is still little known. At the same time, the climatic conditions of the region are very favorable for its cultivation. The main limiting factors in the spread of this crop are weak popularization among the population and the lack of scientifically based recommendations for its cultivation in the region.
The purpose of our work was to determine optimal timing planting seedlings to obtain maximum yield of Chinese cabbage in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia.
OBJECTS AND METHODS OF RESEARCH
The development of technology elements for growing Chinese cabbage in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia was carried out in 2005-2007. at the West Siberian vegetable experimental station. The experiment was carried out on the F1 Nika hybrid, bred at the breeding station named after. N.N. Timofeev RGAU-MSHA named after. K. A. Timiryazeva.
The soil of the experimental plot is represented by ordinary chernozem, medium-thick, medium-loamy. The humus content is 3.8-4.5%, the pH of the salt extract is 6.9, the amount of absorbed bases is 35.3 mEq/100 g of soil, the supply of phosphorus and potassium is high. Groundwater are located at a depth of 10 m from the soil surface.
The air temperature during the years of research was close to the long-term average data with slight fluctuations from year to year. The hottest month was July 2006, the average daily air temperature exceeded the long-term average by 1.4-2.4°C.
Precipitation over the years of research was very unstable: 2007 was dry, and 2005 and 2006. - moderately dry. In July 2006, there was an excess of the average long-term precipitation norm by 2 times and amounted to 137 mm, while the norm was 67 mm.
The seedlings were grown in pots in film greenhouses, then they were planted on a plot of open ground according to a 70 x 30 cm pattern. The seedlings were 30 days old. The area of the recording plot is 5 m2, the experiment was repeated four times.
For each experimental variant, the dates of sowing, single (10%) and mass shoots (75%), planting in open ground, the beginning of the formation of heads of cabbage (in 10% of plants) and the onset of technical ripeness of heads of cabbage (in 75% of plants) were noted.
The duration of periods of plant development was counted from the moment of emergence of mass shoots.
When harvesting, the stump was cut at a distance of 0.5 cm from the head of cabbage. Household waste - leaves, flowering and underdeveloped heads of cabbage - were not weighed. The average weight of a marketable head of Chinese cabbage was determined by dividing the total weight of the harvest from the plot by the number of heads.
RESEARCH RESULTS
Usage various terms sowing of Chinese cabbage when grown by seedlings revealed significant differences in the duration of interphase periods depending on the date of sowing seeds for seedlings (Table 1).
Chinese cabbage cultivation yield
Table 1 - Duration of periods of development of Chinese cabbage plants (average for 2005-2007), days
|
Sowing date |
Shoots - beginning of head formation |
Shoots - the onset of technical ripeness |
|
Analyzing the presented data, it can be noted that during the spring sowing dates of seeds (April - May), there is a gradual acceleration in the formation of heads of cabbage as later sowing dates are used. Thus, over the years of research, when sowing on April 1-4, the duration of the period from germination to the onset of technical ripeness was 87-94 days, and when sowing on May 24-25, mass ripening of heads of cabbage was observed after 67-76 days.
More late dates sowing (June - July) led to an increase in the duration of periods both from germination to the beginning of head formation, and to the onset of technical ripeness.
As the results of experience have shown, the use seedling method cultivation ensures the ripening of Chinese cabbage in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia already in early July. The size of the harvest and the average weight of a head of Chinese cabbage vary greatly and depend on the timing of crop cultivation (Table 2).
Table 2 - Productivity of Chinese cabbage with seedling cultivation method (average for 2005-2007)
|
Safety for harvesting, % |
Productivity, t/ha |
Average weight of a head of cabbage, kg |
||||
|
Planting seedlings |
||||||
Note. NSR05: 2005 - 1.8 t/ha; 2006 - 2.3 t/ha; 2007 - 2.1t/ha.
In general, higher yields are observed when using early spring sowing of seeds for seedlings. The highest yield of Chinese cabbage (64.9 t/ha) on average over three years was obtained when sowing seedlings at the beginning of the second ten days of April and planting seedlings on May 15-17.
The June timing of planting seedlings led to a decrease in the yield of Chinese cabbage to 48.9 t/ha. It's connected with low level safety of plants for harvesting (64.2-75.8%) due to worse survival rate of seedlings and a severe degree of damage to the rosette of leaves by apical burn due to the influence high temperatures during the period of development of the vegetative mass of plants and setting of heads of cabbage. On Negative consequences Chinese authors also indicate exposure to high temperatures (above +25°C) for setting heads of Chinese cabbage.
Using later dates for planting seedlings allows you to avoid the effects of high air temperatures during the period of active leaf growth and head formation, so cabbage yields increase slightly. However, late planting dates (after August 20) in the conditions of Western Siberia are too risky, since the heads of cabbage may not set.
The use of different growing periods for Chinese cabbage also influenced the size of the heads. The largest average weight of heads of cabbage (1.4-1.60 kg) was formed when seedlings were planted on May 15-17, June 27-29 and July 22-25.
In our opinion, this is due to various temperature conditions during the development of vegetative mass and plant density before harvesting.
CONCLUSIONS
Using the seedling method of cultivation allows, in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia, to obtain high yields of Chinese cabbage from early July to mid-October.
The June timing of planting seedlings reduces the yield of Chinese cabbage by 25% due to the impact of high temperatures during the development of the vegetative mass of plants and setting heads.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST
1. Circle G. Vegetable growing / per. with him. IN AND. Leunova.- M.: Kolos, 2000.- 576 p.
2. Grinberg E.G., Gubko V.N., Vitchenko E.F. Vegetables in Siberia. - Novosibirsk: Sib. Univ. publishing house, 2004.- 400 p.
3. Kuo C.G., Tsay J.S. Physiological responses of Chinese cabbage under high temperature // N.S. Talekar and T. D. Griggs. eds. Chinese cabbage. Proc. First Intl. Symp. AVRDC. - Shanhua. Tainan, 1981. - P. 217-224.
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Recently I decided to look at what they write on gardening websites about cultivation. Chinese cabbage. I read it and realized that almost all the authors did not grow this vegetable themselves. My article contains only my own many years of experience.
In supermarkets there is imported cabbage for sale; its shape is somewhat reminiscent of a rugby ball.
Therefore, consumers have the erroneous opinion that it is grown only because it resembles a head of ordinary white cabbage. Only the taste is more pleasant, the leaves are more tender, the veins are not rough.
Beijing cabbage - variety of varieties
For myself, I roughly divided it into groups.First group: kale. I have never seen leafy varieties on the shelves of retail outlets, although such varieties also exist. They are beneficial for growing in early spring.
Why are such leaves needed? So, at this time, there was no longer any fresh cabbage stored in the cellars; they had eaten it all. There is still fermented food, but for some reason I no longer have the appetite for it. It’s still a long time to wait for early ripening, but I really, really want fresh vitamin goodies from my garden. For example, the variety "Vesnyanka" is leafy, there is no point in waiting for heads of cabbage, but, like radishes, it is ready for harvesting 35 days after germination. Where else can you find such an early vegetable? "Vesnyanka" is good in salads and spring cabbage soup. There is also a variety "Lenok". The good thing is that you can put up with a short absence sunlight when the sky is covered with clouds.
It is often written that “Khibinskaya” is also leafy. They lie, this is a semi-headed variety.
Now I’ll share my culinary know-how: Chinese cabbage leaves, leaves and root vegetables, seasoned vegetable oil With apple cider vinegar, they will give you a salad that is unique in taste and healthiness!
In the second group I include head varieties of Chinese cabbage, which can be sown in the ground in the spring or grown as seedlings in a greenhouse. These varieties have a peculiarity: they are resistant to flowering and stemming (that is, their flower stalk is in no hurry to appear), they calmly tolerate weather changes. For example, hybrids “Spring Jade” and “Spring Beauty”. It is recommended to grow them in protected soil, but no one bothers us, gardeners, to set aside a corner in the greenhouse for Chinese cabbage. These same hybrids can be grown in home greenhouses in the fall; before frost arrives, they will have time to produce a harvest even under film covers.
The third group includes varieties and hybrids that are best sown in early August. At this time, the day becomes much shorter, and it loves short days. Grown at this time is good for storage. This:
- "Autumn Beauty";
- "September";
- "Wineglass".
Features of growing Chinese cabbage
Peking cabbage is not exactly a real cabbage, it has a completely different structure: it looks like head lettuce in childhood or leaf lettuce.All real cabbages can cross-pollinate and give birth to hybrids and crosses. Pekingese enter into mating relationships with cabbage or Brussels sprouts not in a hurry. But it welcomes rutabaga, turnips and even wild rape.
Beijing cabbage does not like transplanting. If seedlings are grown in a box, plant them in damp, not too rainy weather, this way you will minimize the risk of seedling death. The best way growing - in cups made of peat or plastic, so as not to damage the main root during handling.
This means that fertile soil must be prepared in such a way as to deprive the pet of the opportunity to create reserves of nitrates that are harmful to human health. This is possible when cultivating vegetables according to natural technologies: Do not dig the soil, do not fertilize it.
Another feature: the more nitrates accumulate, the darker it is in the greenhouse (dark and cold). That is why it is better to grow this type of cabbage in garden beds.
To harvest cabbage, you need to wait until mid-day: at this time of day, there are almost a third less nitrates in it. If fed, then remove or cut for food only after 2 weeks.
If you grow kale, you can remove upper leaves, they will quickly be replaced by others. For cabbage, this will be unacceptable; if we take it off, it won’t be done often.
A frequent question: why are the heads of Chinese cabbage loose and do not gain the weight indicated on the bags? And everything depends on the weather: it will be sunny and warm - wide, large leaves and dense heads of cabbage will grow. In a cloudy, cold summer, heads of cabbage still form, but they are loose; in my area they are called sprouts.
Chinese cabbage does not like heat, hot days are not for it, take this fact into account when scheduling sowing dates.
Even more useful tips on growing Chinese cabbage (including how to get two harvests per season) you will find in the article Peking cabbage: features of agricultural technology.
Sowing Chinese cabbage
The generous hand of the gardener does not save seeds very much. We know that germination can be very low, so we sow more and more often than necessary. But everything is good in moderation: you shouldn’t place the seeds too thickly in the furrow - 2 seeds per 20 centimeters will be enough for a reserve. Thinning should be done later, when the leaves of neighboring plants begin to touch or close together; the excess ones are simply cut off for the kitchen: they are still small and especially tender.My experience in growing varieties
"Khibinskaya". I really love this variety, which is presented as very old. There is less antiquity in it than a cat's tears: it is included in the register and admitted Russian Federation in 1962.The variety is semi-headed, very early ripening, only 40 or up to 50 days before harvesting garden beds, and in a greenhouse it’s even faster - only 25 days. Try to find another one with the same characteristics! A head of cabbage is an elongated cylinder. But there is one peculiarity: increased temperature is required for growth. For other varieties and hybrids, +15 °C...+18 °C is enough, but for “Khibinskaya” this is not enough. And the day should be short, northern. This is no wonder, because the variety was bred at the Polar Experimental Station of the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Growing in the Murmansk Region, in the city of Apatity. This is the first light zone, with white nights. So cabbage under these conditions does not want to produce a good head of cabbage. And after these beautiful nights when the day is actually short, it pleases with an excellent harvest.
I like this cabbage more than any other. It rarely happens in my garden, only in very cloudy, gloomy weather, when bad weather shortens the day, when there are rare rainfalls.
Peking cabbage "Cha-cha" " . It is believed that this hybrid sets a head of cabbage even with a long day, so it can be grown with early spring until autumn. Since Chinese cabbage is early ripening, the “Cha-cha” harvest can be harvested every month and a half: that is, sown as seedlings, and after 2 weeks transferred to open ground. At the same time, the heads of cabbage are weighty - up to 2.8 kg. I do not know…
Maybe the bag I bought didn’t contain “Cha-cha”, but a different variety? Because in different time, but absolutely all the plants decided to give birth (they threw away their flower stalks) without waiting for the heads of cabbage to appear.
" Nika" . And I like this variety because in our light zone it produces stable yields. The same 2 months from full germination to the first head of cabbage. It's closed! The vegetable can be stored in cellars for quite a long time.
Which Chinese cabbage stores well in winter?
There are varieties (most of them) with a half-open head: these are productive, but not stored for long in the cellars:- "Brocken";
- "Nozaki";
- "Sprinkin" and others.