Plastering uneven walls with your own hands. How to plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner: video and written instructions

Repair in a private house is a set of measures that includes the replacement of plumbing equipment and heating system, new flooring flooring and updating the finishes. One of the first steps finishing works is the alignment of the walls. Plastering the surface is the most popular way to eliminate such defects. How to plaster walls with your own hands, which solution is better to choose, what is the technology for applying plaster? You can find answers to these and many other questions in our review article.

On the construction market, plaster is presented in the form of a mixture of powdery consistency, packaged in sealed bags. Its components are additives and binders. Before use, the bulk mixture is diluted with water in the proportions specified in the instructions. Special additives included in the plaster help improve the quality of work and provide the coating with special strength and durability.

When choosing plaster mortar There are a number of factors to consider:

• type of surface being processed;
• peculiarity of the room (high humidity, dampness, etc.);
• deadlines for completing finishing work.

Today, gypsum and cement plasters are available for sale. In order to answer the question of what mortar to plaster walls with, it is necessary to consider the advantages and disadvantages of each type and determine the type of surface to be treated.

The composition of cement plaster includes special additives, fractionated sand and cement. Its main advantage is low cost. Ultimately, the solution provides long-lasting and durable coating, which can withstand the effects of negative factors (high humidity, temperature changes). This mixture is used for external and interior work ah, mainly to hide significant irregularities. The drying time of the cement mortar depends on the degree of humidity and temperature in the room, as well as on the thickness of the applied layer. It is recommended to start finishing directly after 10 days from completion plastering works.

When choosing gypsum plaster, it is necessary to take into account the conditions under which it can be used. The gypsum-based solution is intended for finishing work in rooms with an optimal level of humidity. Its main advantages: plasticity, quick adhesion to the surface, uniform application, and the ability to allow vapor to pass through.

Looking ahead, it is worth noting that the technology for plastering walls made of concrete, brick or foam concrete is different. For example, a foam concrete surface is pre-treated with a primer deep penetration and only then are they plastered.

We will pay special attention to decorative plaster. Among its many advantages are: resistance to mechanical stress, excellent adhesion to any type of surface, microporous structure that allows the walls to “breathe”. In practice, they are used to create original interiors. The best way to plaster the walls is up to you.

Set of necessary tools:

• construction trowel, large spatula;
• grater;
• brush for wetting the plastered surface;
• rule.

Plaster application technology

1. Having determined the best way to plaster the walls, proceed directly to the plastering work. First stage includes surface preparation. Old coatings, dirt and dust are removed from the walls; eliminate significant defects (large cracks, holes, mechanical damage). In order to improve adhesion, foam concrete, aerated concrete, and concrete are treated with a deep penetration primer.

2. Preparation of the solution. The quality of the work performed largely depends on how accurately the proportions were maintained when mixing the dry mixture with water. To obtain a solution of the desired consistency, you must follow the instructions included with the plaster. Using a drill with a mixing attachment will allow you to obtain a homogeneous mass without lumps. How to plaster walls with your own hands without relevant experience? The answer is simple - follow our instructions and recommendations. The finished solution can be used within half an hour from the moment it is mixed, so we recommend diluting the mixture in small portions.

3. The work is carried out in three stages. The first layer of plaster is created by spraying the walls with a liquid solution. The recommended thickness for concrete and brick surfaces is 5 mm, for wooden surfaces – 10 mm. The spray cannot be leveled. The main task of the first layer is to ensure good adhesion and fill the pores. The main thickness of the entire coating is the thicker solution (soil) applied to the walls. The final layer is the covering. Its thickness should not exceed two millimeters. After the thick mixture has set on the surface, it is rubbed with a trowel in a circular motion (the degree of pressure depends on the presence of bumps or depressions on the surface). This is the technology for plastering walls.

• plastering work indoors must be carried out at a certain temperature. If we are talking about cement-sand mortar, then positive temperatures in the room are allowed in the range from 5 to 30 degrees;
• each subsequent layer of plaster is applied after the previous one has dried well;
• applying lime mortar to gypsum plaster can lead to peeling of the layer;
• which mortar to plaster the walls with is best determined taking into account financial capabilities, the presence or absence of experience, set deadlines (as has been noted, gypsum mortars dry much faster than cement ones), type of surface;
• During the entire process, it is necessary to control the evenness of the surface using building regulations;
• at significant shortcomings use beacons. They will allow you to get a perfectly flat surface both horizontally and vertically.

Plastering walls is a painstaking and difficult job. To perform this, special compounds are usually used, most often gypsum-based. In addition, for a high-quality result it is very important to comply correct sequence process: it is carried out in several stages.

Plastering walls is a task that requires the performer to special knowledge, skills and abilities. Properly leveling the walls will make the process of wallpapering easier and will significantly improve appearance premises. This kind of work can be done independently, but more often it is still trusted to the masters. In any case, when carrying out this procedure you will have to take into account some nuances.

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN PLASTERING WALLS?

To get a quality result (ideally smooth walls), we need 4 components of success:

• experienced master plasterer;
• high quality plaster mixture(you need to carefully read its composition and the manufacturer);
• proper preparation of the solution;
• proper storage conditions for the plaster mixture before starting work (no moisture allowed).

In addition, you need to clearly understand the purpose for which the walls of a given room are finished with plaster. Plastering walls under wallpaper is a slightly different situation than plastering bathroom walls under tiles. In this case, you need to properly plaster the walls with gypsum plaster so that the main decor (tiles or wallpaper) sticks.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE CORRECT PLASTER MIXTURE?
The best way to plaster walls depends on the home owner’s wallet, as well as on the characteristics of the room in which repairs need to be made. In addition, it is important to understand why you should plaster walls - for wallpaper, tiles or just painting.

Which plaster is better to use? First, you need to know that plaster can be dry or wet. Secondly, there are three types of both dry and wet plaster:

• ordinary (actually the composition for leveling the walls);
• decorative (colored, terrazite or stone);
• special.

Most cheap option - lime plaster. But this option, unfortunately, is short-lived and is only suitable for plastering walls inside the building. External part plastered with a different composition. In addition, lime is absolutely not suitable for the bathroom. The fact is that lime is afraid of moisture.

Main advantages gypsum plasters- good sound and heat insulation. This is a plastic material in which cracks rarely form. This plaster dries quickly and hardens. A few hours are enough for this.

Unfortunately, such mixtures are not sufficiently resistant to moisture and mechanical damage. Before plastering the walls with gypsum plaster, you need to study all the features of the room. At the same time, you can decorate the walls with Rotband (popular gypsum plaster) even in the bathroom.

INTERESTING!

Cement is universal option for plastering walls both inside and outside. The main advantages of the material are resistance to moisture and temperature changes. It can also be used to plaster bathroom walls before laying tiles. It is recommended to choose it if the owners do not know which dry or wet plaster It is better to finish interior or exterior walls.

Also, many users are interested in how quickly the applied plaster will dry. From this point of view, cement and gypsum mixtures are practical. In addition, you need to read on the bag or bucket with the mixture at what temperature the mixture dries fastest.

VARIETIES OF DRY PLASTER
Dry plaster can be:

• simple;
• improved;
• high quality

The quality of dry plaster is determined by differences. Normal - with differences of no more than 3 mm, improved - with differences of no more than 2 mm. In high-quality, differences of a maximum of 1 mm are allowed.

The simple one is usually finished in warehouses, basements and other premises for utility purposes; the second one is used in public institutions- hospitals and schools. But the walls of residential buildings are finished with high quality.

HOW TO PLASTER WALLS WITH YOUR OWN HANDS?
To know how to properly plaster walls with your own hands, you can read a lot of tips on the Internet.

However, it all comes down to two options:

• plastering on beacons
• plastering without beacons.

Anyone can learn how to plaster walls, although it will be more difficult for a beginner than for a professional plasterer.

Deciding how and with what to plaster the walls in the bathroom under tiles or walls living rooms Before wallpapering, it is important to correctly assess the quality of the existing surface.

To plaster the walls yourself, you will need to apply the solution in three layers. The resulting excess is removed with a trapezoidal spatula. You will have to buy it before plastering walls of any material with your own hands.

In any case, the solution must be applied extremely carefully.

Plastering without beacons
Plastering on a plane (using a rule) is a good option if the walls are relatively flat. If there are serious unevenness on the walls, the contractor has no other choice but to plaster the walls according to the beacons. Thanks to beacon profiles, unevenness is eliminated with an accuracy of 1 mm/m2.

Plastering without beaconsUsually metal beacons are used for this, although artificial plaster ones can also be created. In the second case, you can save the plaster mixture (the layer with iron beacons will be at least 6 mm).

Before plastering aerated concrete walls, you need to make sure that the plaster mixture is ideal for them. This material is environmentally friendly, it lets oxygen in and out of the room carbon dioxide, therefore, the choice of plaster should be taken responsibly.

The technologies of how to plaster walls made of foam block, foam concrete, as well as how to plaster concrete walls, differ little from each other. It is important to choose only the right mixture. The technologies for plastering wooden walls are also similar.

How to plaster brick walls, depends on the location of the surface to be finished. Concrete and other moisture-resistant materials are suitable from the outside, but plastering brick walls inside the house is also permissible with gypsum mixtures.

Methodology for plastering walls cement-sand mortar, is similar to the methods of working with any other wall finishing products. The main thing is to add required amount water.

How to plaster walls using beacons?
Many users are looking for tips on how to plaster walls without beacons. Here you have to determine the layer thickness and surface quality by eye. This method is suitable for relatively flat surfaces. This way minor imperfections are smoothed out.

Plastered walls are already finished with the chosen paint, wallpaper or tiles - it depends on the purpose of the room and the desires of the owner.

Plastering walls is one of the stages of renovation of premises. Application of the mixture may be necessary in a new building with bare load-bearing structures or in old houses with uneven or dilapidated walls.

Non-professionals often have questions about which mixture to choose and how to apply it correctly; for this you need to know the characteristics of the materials different types and the scope of their application. If a beginner takes on the job, then you should start with the basics, with what plaster is, what compositions there are, whether you can apply them yourself or entrust the work to professionals.

When choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account a number of features: the properties of the mixture itself, the characteristics of the base, and the method of application. The combination of these factors determines the appearance, service life and quality of leveling.

Plastering walls poses a big task - to level out the unevenness of the base wall by applying concrete or gypsum mixture. And sometimes give the surface decorative look. Depending on the composition and size of the differences, different ways.

The main principle for choosing plaster is its purpose. It is necessary to consider where the work will take place: indoors or on the facade. What properties should the mixture have, and what is the base for finishing made of?

All plasters are divided into three large groups:

1. simple (for leveling the surface);
2. special (compositions with additives to improve individual characteristics);
3. decorative (finish coatings that do not require additional processing).

Interior plastering of house walls requires that the composition be safe and smooth out perfectly. For outdoor work, a mixture that is resistant to adverse environmental factors is required.

Cement

Dry mixture of cement and sand. The ratio of components in the composition is on average 1 to 2-5, respectively. Before application, mix with water to the consistency of thick sour cream.

Cement plasters are used for interior and exterior work. To improve plasticity and adhesion, plasticizers and PVA glue are added to the composition. When working in rooms with high humidity and outside, slaked lime is added to the solution.

Apply 3-5 layers. The maximum thickness of one is no more than 20 mm, optimally 10 mm. The total thickness of the coating can reach 100 mm, but reinforcement will be required.

The task of this composition is to level out unevenness for further finishing. Suitable for brick, concrete and wooden bases. Before application, prime the surface, then plaster the walls in three stages (spray, primer, cover).

It is applied manually and by machine, leveled with spatulas and a rule.

Plaster

The mixture is based on gypsum powder, fine filler and polymer additives. It does not tolerate moisture and temperature changes well, so it is used only for interior work. Sold as a dry mixture for preparing a solution with water.

The maximum layer thickness without reinforcement is 5 cm. Can be applied to any substrate. Suitable for creating a smooth surface for painting or wallpaper. It dries in just a few hours; the finished solution must be used within 40 minutes.

The technology for plastering walls with gypsum composition differs from cement. The mixture is applied in one layer, leveled with a rule, minor irregularities are corrected with a spatula.

Decorative

Mixtures decorative plaster perform two functions at once: hide minor defects and give an aesthetic appearance. No additional finishing is needed. Pigments and insoluble granules from stone, sand, and plastic are added to such compositions.

Depending on what mixture and technique of plastering the walls is chosen, a different pattern, relief, pattern or texture is obtained.

Produced on acrylic, silicone, silicate and mineral bases. If you follow all the rules for plastering walls, it adheres well to any substrate. There are compositions for external and internal work.

Silicone

Silicone-based compounds are used for external and interior plaster walls The mixture remains flexible even after drying, thanks to which the surface is not afraid of sudden temperature changes and mechanical damage. It tolerates moisture well, so it is suitable for finishing bathrooms and kitchens.

The finished surface can have a “Bark beetle”, “Lamb” relief or imitate marble (Venetian). It all depends on how to plaster the walls, what tools to use and what size and shape of the solid particles in the composition.

Sgraffito

Sgraffito is not separate species plaster, but the method of its application. Using this technique, you can create carved color designs. As a result, the plastered walls look like real paintings.

To create a beautiful effect in compositions on on different basis Pigments are added and the plaster is applied in several layers that differ in shade. Next, patterns, ornaments, and figures are cut out on the dried finish.

Decorating walls with sgraffito plaster requires skill and experience. A person who knows how to draw and work with the mixture can cope with this task.

Venetian

These mixtures imitate a smooth or textured marble surface. It contains a polymer binder or lime, pigments and mineral dust. Since the plaster needs to be applied in 5-6 layers, the work takes a lot of time. To obtain a marble pattern, the mixture is applied unevenly, gradually creating a play of shades.

Depending on how the plaster is applied to the wall, the intensity and depth of color, contrasts and texture of natural stone vary.

Textured

Textured plaster creates an imitation of stone, wood and leather. It can contain any binder and solid fillers of various fractions and shapes. The larger they are, the more pronounced and relief the pattern will be.

This plaster is used for interior and exterior finishing walls For the former, the fillers are thinner, so the texture is elegant; for the latter, the fillers are large, creating a rough relief.

The best way to plaster walls

Which plaster is best for leveling walls depends on a number of factors: the size of the differences in the base surface, resistance to moisture, type of finishing coating, operating conditions.

Important! Plastering walls in an apartment requires the mixture to be environmentally safe, so using the composition for exterior work indoors is prohibited.

Applying plaster to a wall can be done different instruments: wide and narrow spatulas, a special machine. For decorative compositions use rollers with embossed attachments, a trowel, an applicator, and brushes.

Ways to level walls

It is already clear which plaster is best to choose for leveling the walls; all that remains is to determine the method of applying it to the surface.

Plaster can be applied to walls in two main ways: without beacons (by eye) and using beacons. The first method involves applying and leveling the mixture with spatulas, a rule or a trowel; it is suitable if the surface has slight differences of up to 2-3 cm. The second method is more reliable and accurate. For it, a plane of metal profiles is pre-set on the walls.

You can determine the size of the differences using a plumb line or building level, and then choose which wall plastering technology is most suitable.

Plaster interior walls apartments are often performed without beacons, since the differences are usually insignificant. IN industrial buildings With high ceilings It's better to use beacons.

Required tools and materials

To plaster walls you will need a large set of tools and materials:

• A hatchet or hammer with a pick (for removing old coating or protruding parts);
• Brush (for applying primer);
• Primer composition suitable for the type of base;
• Plumb or building level(to control the plane during operation);
• Square (for drawing out corners);
• Large capacity (for mixing the solution);
• Construction mixer;
• Plaster spatula and trowel (for adding mortar to areas where there is not enough of it);
• Wide and narrow spatulas;
• Guiding beacons;
• Rule and grater (to level the layer);
• Plaster corners (for reinforcing external corners).

In order for plastering walls with your own hands to be of high quality, you need to study the technology of applying the mixture. If you are a beginner and not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust the work to professionals than to plaster the walls again. They have all the materials for plastering walls, and they know exactly what is best for plastering walls.

Preparatory stage

Preparatory work consists of surface treatment before applying the first layer of plaster. The nature of the work is determined by the type of foundation:

1. Preparing the brick surface. For better adhesion, you need to fix the reinforcing mesh or make indentations in the mortar between the bricks. Next comes cleaning of dust and debris and priming.
2. Preparing concrete walls. If the material is not very dense, shallow cuts are made with an ax, then treated with concrete contact.
3. Foam block surfaces are coated with a deep penetration primer.
4. Preparation wooden walls under plaster. It is necessary to fill the diagonal slats in increments of 5 cm so that the solution is better retained on the surface.

There should be no large protrusions on the surface of the walls, no loose old coating, metal elements, dust and debris. Once the base has been prepared and the primer has dried, you can begin the process of applying plaster.

Application technology

Plastering walls begins with preparing the solution. To do this, the dry mixture is diluted with water in the proportions recommended by the manufacturer. Concrete and brick walls are moistened with water so that the plaster takes longer to set and does not lag behind the surface.

The plastering technology includes three stages. This is the sequential application of three layers of a mixture of different thicknesses and thicknesses.

Instructions for plastering walls with your own hands:

1. Spray. This layer is the most liquid in consistency. It is thrown onto the surface using a trowel with little effort. Then they are slightly leveled with a falcon. The thickness of the plaster layer is 5-10 mm.
2. Priming. When the first layer has set, but has not yet dried, apply the second layer. It is thicker and thinner. It is placed on the falcon and applied to the wall, then leveled with a wide spatula using sweeping movements. One portion of plaster should be enough for approximately 1 square meter. area.
3. Covering. Layer thickness 2 mm. The solution should be thick. Apply to hardened soil. Its task is to level out all minor irregularities. The mixture is no longer thrown on, but spread with a spatula, pressing the sharp edge to the surface. Apply using bottom-up movements. You can move in an arc. After the mixture has set, the surface is rubbed with a trowel.

Other methods of applying plaster are also practiced. For example, in one layer, without splashing. This method is suitable for those who do not have professional skills, since only a person with experience can properly plaster walls.

Grouting plaster

The last stage of plastering is grouting. Its task is to bring the surface to perfect smoothness. Grouting of the surface must begin when last layer the plaster will harden. The work is carried out in stages using different tools:

1. Grouting with a trowel wooden surface the set layer of covering. You need to smooth out the spatula marks and bumps. Performed without pressure in a circular motion.
2. Smoothing with a felt grater using sharp, straight movements.
3. Smoothing with a grater with a rubber or metal strip. These tools prepare the surface for painting. Movements first vertically, then horizontally.

After grouting, the wall is cleaned of dust and coated with a primer. You can proceed to further finishing when the surface has dried well.

What is lighthouse plaster?

The process of leveling walls with beacons begins with installing profiles that will set the desired level.

Installation of beacons is carried out as follows:

• A self-tapping screw is screwed into the wall near the ceiling and floor, and their position is leveled using a plumb line. Their caps should be in the same plane.
• Measure the distance between the screws, subtract 5 cm and cut off a profile fragment equal to the obtained value.
• Draw a line between the screws with a pencil.
• Throw the plaster solution onto the line in 3-4 places with tubercles, press the profile into them so that its plane meets the heads of the screws. Remove the fasteners.
• Repeat the procedure at a distance of no more than 1 meter from the first beacon. Thus, a plane is created along all the walls of the room.

At this point, the installation of the beacons is completed, and you can begin to apply the first layer of the mixture. After the plaster has been completely applied, the beacons are removed and the areas where they were located are leveled.

DIY wall plaster

You can apply plaster yourself if the differences are not very large and the layer of the mixture does not exceed 2-5 cm. Only mixtures for rough leveling and easy-to-work decorative ones should be applied. For example, finishing a wall Venetian plaster doing it yourself without experience is too reckless. Compositions that are difficult to work with are best left to professionals.

Some formulations can be prepared independently. Cement plaster consists only of cement and sand, knowing the required ratio of components you can prepare a mixture.

How to make plaster:

• Pour cement of at least M200 grade and 3-4 times more sand (depending on the fat content of the composition needed) into a large container or concrete mixer and mix dry;
• Pour in water in small portions until the desired consistency is obtained, stirring the mixture periodically;
• To improve plasticity, you can add a little detergent(at the rate of 30-50 ml per 5 liters of water).

The finished mixture must be used within an hour. Since plastering with your own hands can take a long time, you should not prepare a lot of solution at once.

If we plaster ourselves, then we need to take care to protect the skin from the composition, as well as cover the furniture and floor in the room where the work is taking place.

Since plastering walls with your own hands without any experience is not easy, you can first watch a video of how the craftsmen do it.

You can save significantly on plastering walls in an apartment only if you prepare the solution yourself and apply it yourself.

You can reduce costs a little more by using materials sparingly:

• Dilute the composition with water in small portions so that you have time to use it;
• Carefully monitor the differences in the wall; perhaps in some places it is enough to cut off the bumps and the mixture consumption will be reduced;
• Apply only two layers without covering, but this is acceptable if the differences do not exceed 1-2 cm.

Plastered walls improve the heat and sound insulation of the room, acquire a flat and smooth surface, ready for further finishing with thin coatings - wallpaper and paint. Some types of compositions also have decorative functions. You can apply the mixture in different ways, but it is important to do everything correctly, otherwise the coating will not last long.

How to plaster walls correctly

Today it has become fashionable to hand over ready-made apartments on sale without interior decoration. The developer explains this as an opportunity for self-realization on the part of the future owner. The owner of the new home himself will have to additional expenses and the impressive grandeur of the renovation. That is why a happy new homeowner simply needs to know what is the best way to plaster the walls, so as not to experience problems with repairs later.

It is important to remember that the key to success is correct plaster, and attention here must be paid both to the product itself, its quality and shelf life, and to the process of application to the walls, that is, to be able to work with the tool. Before the beginning repair work must be purchased:

• buchargu - a special hammer with teeth, with which notches should be applied;
• scraper for applying plaster to walls;
• falcon is a device into which a portion of plaster is applied. It is used to facilitate labor in the process of distributing it along the walls;
• spatula, used for mixing the solution, applying it to the walls and evenly distributing it;
• trowel - necessary for leveling and removing existing unevenness;
• a construction float, which is used to grout the plaster and control the uniformity of distribution;
• plumb/level – controls the horizontal distribution of the mixture.

Applying plaster: secrets of success and application rules

The success of any undertaking is compliance with all the rules and recommendations, therefore, in order for the walls in the apartment to look smooth and pleasing to the eye, you need to carefully watch specially created videos, which can be found by searching: “how to plaster walls video.” If you do not have the time or opportunity to use the video instructions, you must follow the following tips and recommendations:

• the surface of the wall that needs to be treated with plaster should first be cleaned of any contaminants, in particular dust;
• after this, you should moisten the wall with water, for which you can use a sprayer or a simple broom;
• if you have to work with brick wall, then you should remember that in the existing seams you need to make indentations of approximately 1 cm. This maneuver will allow you to achieve the best adhesion of the plaster to the wall surface;
• in the event that the wall is made of concrete, smooth and without depressions, notches should be made on its surface about 15 mm long and no more than 3 mm deep. Number of notches: 250/1m2. After applying them, the wall must be cleaned with a brush and sprayed with water;
• work with wooden wall involves laying boards on top and stuffing shingles. Plywood scraps are perfect for this purpose, with the help of which you should create a diagonal sheathing along the entire wall where the plaster is supposed to be applied. The usual mesh is used as shingles - chain-link. It must be remembered that before you put it on the wall, you need to make a backing from plywood strips; a gap between the walls is required - at least 3 mm.

Craftsmen and people simply experienced in this matter have created videos that allow you to see the entire process of preparing for applying plaster, so it is recommended to watch them before starting work. It’s not difficult to find them - we plaster the walls with our own hands, video and clear example before your eyes.

Technique for applying the solution: secrets of mastery

Beginning of work - the required amount of solution is collected into the falcon for distribution over the wall surface at one time. This must be done using a plaster spatula, and the solution should be taken by tilting it, moving away from you towards the center. For ease of work, only the hand is used. The movements are smooth, unhurried; the plaster should be applied to the wall quickly, but not abruptly, since you can simply spray it all around. There is another method - spreading, but it should be remembered that it does not allow achieving the same high-quality adhesion to the wall as the previous one. It is important to remember that the consistency of the first layer, the so-called spray, as well as its presence, depends on the type of wall. For example, if it is wooden, then spraying is necessary, the consistency of the solution is similar to sour cream, and the thickness is 1 cm, but in the case of concrete walls It is recommended to skip this step completely. The soil is the second layer, which in structure resembles dough, is necessary for leveling. The thickness is no more than 2 cm - this is very important. The next layer, the “covering”, has a consistency similar to sour cream. This is a finishing layer, the thickness of which varies from 2 to 5 mm. Important - for wooden walls it can be up to 2.5 cm, since it must completely cover the shingles. Then comes the leveling stage, and it is carried out after applying each layer. Here it is necessary to control the evenness so that later you don’t have to redo everything. Using a grater, grout is done in a circular motion. To remove traces remaining on the surface, grout is used using the “overclocking” method - with a float pressed to the surface, sharp movements should be made - strokes.

Lighthouse plastering method: attention to detail

It is used if the walls have defects: unevenness, depressions, protrusions. Beacons should be selected based on what material is used to make the walls:

• aluminum or steel are suitable for wooden and brick walls;
• plaster mortar/gypsum – for concrete walls.

The methodology for this type of work is perfectly described in thematic videos, so for clarity, you need to type in the search engine the phrase “plastering walls for beginners video.” The first step is to create a plumb line, for which a nail is driven into the top of the wall, onto which the plumb line itself is hung. Distance from the corner – 20 cm. After preparing cement mortar, which should be applied in small piles on the wall, focusing on the plumb line. There should be 3 of them, after which the beacons are attached to them. Then the beacon is applied to the pile and pressed into it so that the edge protrudes 2 cm from the surface. At the opposite edge of the wall, a second beacon is installed using the same method. Fastening is done concrete mortar. After the mixture has dried, plaster is applied with the obligatory filling of all existing cracks and irregularities. The layer of plaster solution should extend beyond the edges of the beacons by a couple of mm. The layer is leveled by the rule and left for a period of complete drying, which can reach 2 weeks. After this period, finishing plastering should be carried out, and if it is not necessary, then work is done to apply a layer of putty.

How to plaster slopes: secrets of skill

This stage is considered the most difficult and time-consuming in all the work of plastering walls. Even craftsmen spend more time repairing corners, openings and slopes than on all other actions. You can watch the video on how to properly plaster walls without any problems. Lighthouses will come to the rescue here too. In those places where the walls come into contact with each other, it is necessary to place a rule and cover the space above it with a plaster solution, after which everything must be rubbed with a trowel. This will help correct existing imperfections and level the surface. Vertical spaces are plastered as follows: a rule is attached to the lighthouse, and the voids between them are filled with mortar.

Then you need to wait a while and remove the rule. If everything is done correctly, you should get a perfectly smooth strip of plaster mortar, without flaws or irregularities. You need to wait until it dries completely. The exact same operation should be carried out at the top of the wall, resulting in an identical strip. They will serve in the future as horizontal beacons. Then the plaster is applied to the rest of the empty space and carefully leveled against the strips of mortar.

In the case of work with protruding corners - corners, you need to nail a flat one onto the plastered opposite wall wooden plank and secure. This must be done in such a way that it becomes possible to then level the solution. Afterwards the plaster is applied and leveled until it is perfect. smooth surface. You need to wait a little, as before, until it dries and carry out the grouting process using a grater. After checking the evenness of the work performed, you can remove the slats.

The best way to plaster walls: the difficulty of choosing for an ideal result

When choosing a mixture, it is necessary to take into account the surface to be treated. So for internal walls and partitions the best option It will become a lime mixture or with the addition of clay; you can also use a combination of concrete and lime, gypsum, clay and lime. Tree - perfect material for plaster based plaster. For plastering work external walls ideal lime mortar or cement-lime, as well as cement-clay.

Video on how to properly plaster walls

Plastering is the restoration of a surface for subsequent finishing. At this stage, defects are sealed and the base is leveled. To perform plastering, you must have experience in carrying out this type of work. Hire a crew professional craftsmen. However, even a beginner can perform restoration using a solution. To do this, the amateur should familiarize himself with the videos “Learning to plaster walls: video tutorials”, and also carefully study the recommendations given below.

Before considering the question of how to learn how to plaster walls (video instructions will be given at the end of the article), you need to find out whether it is necessary to plaster the surface.

The use of the material is advisable if the surface has cracks, potholes, drops and other defects. In this case, the solution helps to get rid of imperfections in the building base. However, professionals recommend using plaster even if there are no defects on the surface. The material protects the building base from the destructive effects of moisture and other negative impact environment.

What should you consider when restoring a foundation?

Hobbyists who plaster surfaces with their own hands are advised to consider the following points:

• for restoration of the building foundation, only high-quality material should be chosen;
• Before use, the mixture should be stored in a dry place;
• the solution must be prepared in strict accordance with the instructions.

Choosing a mixture for plastering

Before you learn how to plaster, you need to understand how to choose the material for restoration.

According to the degree of readiness, they are distinguished:

• Ready-made compositions. Such materials do not require preparation. The products are used immediately after opening the package. The disadvantage is the high price.
• Dry mixes. This product needs cooking. After mixing, the solution is used within half an hour. Because of this, you have to prepare the mixture in small portions and apply the material in several approaches. This is the main drawback of the product. The advantage of dry mixtures over ready-made materials is their reasonable cost.

By purpose they are allocated the following types material:

• Ordinary composition. Designed for leveling surfaces and masking defects.
• Decorative. Used to apply the finishing coat. The material has an unusual texture, due to which it creates an original texture on the surface.

Classification of material by composition:

• Sand-cement composition. This budget material. The product is easy to apply, but will require an industrial mixer or a drill with a mixer attachment. Non-professional finishers are recommended to work with this composition, since the product is affordable and easy to use.
• Gypsum composition. The material creates sound and heat insulation of the surface, does not shrink and does not crack after hardening. Disadvantage - it absorbs moisture, so it cannot be used for facades and in rooms with high humidity. The material can be used by non-professional finishers.
• Acrylic material. The operational period of such coating is 50 years. The product is recommended for use even by beginners.
• Silicone plaster. This ready material. The product is suitable for surfaces of any type. The product is easy to apply, does not shrink and has a long service life. However, beginners who are just thinking about how to learn how to plaster walls are not recommended to use such a tool. The product is expensive, so it is better to practice on another product.
• Silicate composition. It is characterized by increased strength and resistance to mechanical damage. Product contains liquid glass, thanks to which it hardens quickly. For this reason, the material is not recommended for use by beginners mastering plastering work.

Types of dry mixture

Types of dry mixture:

• Simple material. The surface differences after shrinkage of the product are 3 mm. The product is recommended for use in finishing rooms where aesthetics are not important. These include warehouses and garages.
• Improved composition. After the material shrinks, the surface differences are 2 mm. The material is used for finishing institutions - schools, administrations and other institutions.
• High quality mixture. The surface differences after shrinkage of the product are 1 mm. The material is used for finishing residential buildings and apartments.

Required materials and tools

The video tutorial below demonstrates how to learn to plaster walls. However, before starting finishing you should prepare necessary materials and tools:

• plaster;
• a clean plastic bucket for preparing the material;
• lighthouses;
• falcon;
• scraper;
• grater and industrial grater;
• trowel;
• rule;
• Master OK;
• level;
• plumb line

Rules for plastering a building base

If you want to learn how to learn how to apply plaster, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with all the stages of finishing.

Preparing the premises

To prepare the room for plastering the walls, you need to remove the interior items. If the floor covering will not be changed, then the floor is covered with film and the material is fixed with boards, bricks or other weights. It is also recommended to remove lighting and cover the wires.

Surface preparation

Instructions for preparing the construction base:

• dismantle the old covering;
• tap the walls to identify unstable areas and get rid of them;
• increase surface defects, treat cracks and potholes with a primer and fill with repair mortar;
• Clean the walls from dust and dirt.

Priming the base

Priming is a mandatory step before applying plaster and should not be neglected. The primer protects the building base from mold and mildew, and also improves the adhesion of the wall to the material. The primer is applied with a brush, roller or spray, as shown in the photo below. It is recommended to treat the walls twice with a break for the composition to dry.

Installation of profiles

Rules for placing beacons:

• step back 3 cm from the floor and ceiling and 5 cm from the corners of the wall and screw in the screws at these points;
• a fishing line is tied to the fasteners vertically and horizontally;
• under the vertical line in small areas the solution is fixed at a distance of 10 cm from each other;
• a beacon is attached to the train;
• profiles are fixed along the entire perimeter of the wall in increments of less than 1.5 m.

Preparation of the solution

Only dry mixtures need to be prepared. According to the instructions, the material is combined with water, the solution is mixed using an industrial mixer or a drill with a mixer attachment. The proportions of dry mixture and liquid are indicated on the packaging.

The thickness of the solution depends on which layer the material is being prepared for. For the first and third layers, prepare a material with the consistency of sour cream, and for the second – a dough-like mass.

Application of the composition

The video in this article demonstrates how to properly apply the solution to a surface. This is done as follows:

• Using a trowel, sketch the material onto the surface. This will be the first layer, which is called the spray.
• Using a wide spatula, apply the second layer of mortar - primer. The material must extend beyond the profiles. Level the composition as a rule until the solution hardens. Remove excess product using a spatula.
• Apply a third layer of material. This will be the cover.

Completion of plastering

1. After applying the last layer, until the solution has hardened, dismantle the beacons.
2. Fill the voids with the solution and level the composition over the surface using a spatula.
3. Using an industrial float, grout the material. To do this, moisten the surface with water, press the tool against the wall and use circular movements to eliminate imperfections.
4. Apply the primer, wait for the product to dry and proceed to decorating.

To ensure that the finish lasts for a long time, consider the recommendations of professionals:

• if the surface has a porous structure, then the primer is applied in two layers;
• if gypsum material was used for restoration, then grouting of the surface is carried out within 4 hours after completion of plastering;
• after applying the solution, the profiles must be dismantled;
• if after plastering it is placed ceramic tile, then the material does not need careful leveling and you can get by with one layer of material;
• if the walls are being prepared for painting, then apply paint material should be 14 days after treating the surface with a gypsum compound and a month after applying cement-sand plaster.

You can learn how to plaster using the video tutorial below.

Plastering the surface is a finishing stage that even a beginner can learn to perform. The main thing is to familiarize yourself with the rules for selecting and applying the material.