Declension of nouns into singular units. What is the declension of nouns? Cases in Russian

Many people know the term “declension” since primary school. The rules of declension, cases, table of endings, and examples immediately come to mind. Let's talk about everything in order.

Declension- this is a change in nominal parts of speech by numbers, genders and cases. A noun can only change in numbers and cases.

This term also refers to a type of inflection that presupposes certain grammatical forms, or a paradigm.

Cases

Before we start changing words by cases and numbers, we need to refresh our knowledge. How do different parts of speech agree with each other? Using case, that is, the grammatical form of a word. It is thanks to her that a noun is combined with other words into a phrase. Let's remember questions six.

Number

Declension involves changing a word not only by cases, but also by numbers. Most nouns have singular and plural forms. For example, notebook - notebooks, table - tables. But there are exceptions. Thus, some nouns have only a singular (oil, pride, purity, midge) or plural (chess, rouge, scissors, vacation) form.

All nouns are usually divided into groups, each of which will have its own endings when the word changes according to cases and numbers.

What nouns belong to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd declensions? To make it easier to remember, we present the information in the form of a diagram:

Let us illustrate the differences between these types of inflection. The table shows the paradigms for each declension.

The words given in the table can be used as supporting words, since they have a stressed ending. In the forms of the genitive, dative and prepositional cases in the unstressed position, there is a coincidence of endings. Therefore, the spelling of letters e And And in the endings of these oblique cases is one of the difficult topics for schoolchildren. Not everyone can remember the sign, but learning a few key words for testing is much easier. You just need to determine the declension of the word whose spelling is in doubt and substitute the supporting one instead. The required ending has been found.

Need to remember rule for declension of nouns in -iya, -ie, -й. Seeing them, students attribute them to one of the already described types of declension, but this is incorrect. These words are an exception and will end in -ii in the case where the rule should be written -e. For example, he talked about the lecture (not as “about water”); I was in the planetarium on the recommendation of my friends (albeit “about an elephant” and a “country”).

Paradigms of indeclinable nouns

• Nouns inflected by pronominal type. There are several lexemes that were formed by transferring parts of speech from pronouns, or inflected as pronouns. For example, maiden, draw, etc.

To pronounce a word correctly, you need to:

1. determine what type of declension the word form belongs to;
2. remember or look at a paradigm;
3. in doubtful cases, use a reference word (for I, II, III declensions).

Examples:

Oh, this declension... When studying a noun, it is this topic that makes you really rack your brain in order to remember all the unstressed endings in all kinds of cases and numbers. How to determine the declension of nouns? The table and examples will make the task easier! Let's try to figure it out and become a little more competent!

What is declination?

Declension of a noun (a table of examples is given in the text) is a change in the case of a word and its number. Let's look at the examples in the table.

The table of declension of nouns by case shows that all nouns are divided into groups depending on what endings they acquire in the form of one case or another. Accordingly, all words related to the same phrase will have the same set of endings. Knowing how to determine the declension, you can avoid mistakes in writing the endings of nouns in a weak position, in other words, not under stress.

How many declensions can a noun have?

The table of declension of nouns by case, given in the previous section, showed that any words of the same declension in the form of the same case will have the same endings. It presents the three most common types of declension of our language. But, as you know, he is very rich, and there are no simple rules in him. In addition to the three presented, there are other types of declinations.

So, what types of declinations are there? The most common are the first, second and third declension.

A separate group consists of words that end in -ies: intent, crime, agreement, etc.

The next group are words ending with -and I: mania, Natalia, waist, session, commission, etc.

There is a small group of words ending in -me, which are also inflected in a certain way: time, tribe, etc. Such words are called differently inflected nouns (a separate paragraph of the article will be devoted to them). Words such as path and child are also considered indeclinable.

And finally, there are also words that cannot change either by case or number, and “look” the same in all forms. These are indeclinable, or unchangeable, nouns: kangaroo, kiwi and others.

Why do you need to be able to determine declination?

The table will tell us how to determine the declension of a noun a little later. But very often the question arises: why do this? Why remember all these cases, endings, many “special” words that need to be remembered? But here's why. Let's take the word "path" as an example: I'm walking along the path, or I'm walking along the path? What should I do? Which letter should I choose? And here's another word: "winter". It is also feminine with the ending -a-. We put in the same case: (to whom? to what?) - WINTER. But we already know that all words of the same declension acquire the same ending when changed. So you need to write like this: I'm walking along(to whom; to what) pathE. The issue is resolved!

How to determine the declension of a noun? The table and examples in the following paragraphs will help you not to make mistakes in this rather simple question!

Nouns of 1st declension

These are feminine and masculine words that have endings in the initial form -A or -I(remember that the initial form for a noun is nominative and singular).

There are a lot of feminine words with such endings in the Russian language: mom, Masha, pajamas, apartment, work, daughter and many, many others. There are fewer masculine words, but they exist and are very common: dad, grandfather, Vasya, Petya and other male names.

The table of nouns of the 1st declension will compare words with stressed and unstressed endings to show that all words of this declension case endings will be similar.

Nouns 2nd declension

These are masculine words that have (it is not expressed by a letter in the nominative case, but “appears” in other forms) and neuter gender with the endings -o, -e: raft, horse, lake, sea, field, etc. The table of nouns of the 2nd declension will show which endings the words acquire when changing by case.

As you can see, in the accusative case they have different endings. And only prepositional case forms with an unstressed ending can cause difficulties, so you should remember that in this form you need to write - e.

Nouns of the 3rd declension

These are feminine words with a zero ending. They all end in soft sign: mouse, brooch, area, passion and so on. Let's see what endings these words take in different forms.

It is very easy to remember: in the forms of the genitive, dative and prepositional cases, such words acquire the ending - And.

Nouns starting with -и, -я

The word “aspiration” is neuter, but it cannot be attributed to the 2nd declension; the word "mantle" is feminine, but does not change like words of the 1st declension. The table of declension of nouns by case will show the difference in endings.

As can be seen from the table, the words in -ies differ from words of the 2nd declension only in the prepositional case, and words in -and I from words of the 1st declension - in the dative and prepositional.

Remember that words ending in -ya, in all forms behave like words of the 1st declension. Therefore, for example, the forms of the same name Natalia and Natalia will be inclined differently: (give) Natalia, Natalia, (talk) about Natalia, about Natalia.

Table of declension endings for nouns

Let us summarize what has been said with a table of case endings of words belonging to different declensions.

Let's hope that no one will have any difficulty choosing the desired ending and determining the declension of nouns in the Russian language. The table explained everything in great detail.

It should be noted that -ies And -and I cannot be isolated as a separate morpheme, ending. In this case, these are simply the letters with which the word ends. such words are the topic of another article.

Declension of nouns into plural(the table here is, in general, unnecessary) very rarely causes difficulties, since the letters are mostly clearly audible. In the dative, instrumental and prepositional cases in the plural, all three declensions will have the same endings. We suggest that you decline any words in the plural yourself and make sure of this.

Indeclinable nouns

There are few indeclinable words among the nouns of the Russian language. Why are they divergent? Because they cannot be attributed to any one declination, in different cases they "behave" differently. These are words ending with -me(there are about ten of them), the words “path” and “child”. Let's look at the features of the declension of nouns in the Russian language (table) - those words that are considered differently indeclinable.

As you can see, the word “child” is inclined in a very special way. The word "path" in the genitive, dative and prepositional cases "behaves" like a word of the 3rd declension, and in the instrumental - like a word of the 2nd declension. Well, words ending with -me, in indirect cases they acquire the suffix -en-.

You need to remember these words so as not to make a mistake in choosing the right ending.

Unbending words

These are mostly borrowed words - coming from other languages. They can indicate the names of animals, plants, dishes, as well as first or last names of people, names of objects. Having entered our language, such words retained the peculiarity of not changing their form when entering a sentence. No matter what case or number such a word should be placed in, it will sound the same.

• Pour me some coffee - I admire morning coffee - we're talking about coffee.
• This is my cockatoo - I don’t have a cockatoo - give food to the cockatoo - remember the cockatoo.
• Dumas's novel - dedicated to Dumas - writes about Dumas.

It is incorrect and ignorant to inflect such words in a sentence. Everyone knows the joke phrase “I’m sitting in the first row of a movie theater with a popiroska in my tooth.” Let's not be like the hero of this joke! Declinable words must be used correctly, but indeclinable words do not need to be changed at all.

Let's sum it up

Determination of the declension of nouns (table above) - not at all difficult process which will help you avoid mistakes when writing. Let's try to summarize all of the above.

There are three main declensions in the Russian language, but there are also special words ending in -and I And - Yep, and a few different words. Words are divided into three main groups depending on gender and ending in the nominative case.

All words of the same declension have similar endings. They can be learned so as not to make mistakes. Or you can do it differently: instead of a word with an unstressed ending, substitute any word of the same declension, but in which the stress falls on the ending. The letter at the end of these words will be the same!

Words on -and I And -ies are not included in the three main groups, because they change according to cases and numbers in a special way, and they need to be remembered.

You should also remember a small group of differently inflected words. Their set of endings does not coincide with any of the above declensions, which is why they require special attention.

And finally, inflexible words: they do not change, no matter in what context they are used. Decline words such as in a sentence cinema, coat, coffee, purse, kangaroo,- a sign of low literacy and general culture.

We hope that the article was useful and helped to understand such a difficult topic as noun declension. The table and examples were clear, and therefore choosing the correct ending will now not be difficult.

Be literate!

Nouns are very widely represented in the Russian language. They can act as main and secondary members of a sentence. By using noun cases, speakers and writers can relate these parts of speech to others in the context of a sentence. Another category of a noun is directly related to cases - its declension. By the way, the spelling correctness of what is written depends on the correct definition of which.

Case category

The case of nouns is like this grammatical category, which indicates the relationship of this part of speech to other words in the sentence. These connections can be realized not only with the help of case forms - prepositions help in this, as well as intonation and even word order.

In modern Russian there are only 6 case forms.

Once upon a time in the Old Russian language there was another, seventh, vocative case. But it lost its significance during the development of linguistic culture. Echoes of the vocative case remain in common parlance. Previously, it was comparable to the nominative and denoted the address: father, man. On modern stage development of the Russian language, it is realized in the following colloquial addresses: Sing, Vasya, Tan, etc.

The meaning and form of expression of cases. Nominative

Besides grammatical meaning, cases of nouns have lexical. Let's sort them out.

Nominative. This is the basic form of a noun. Used in academic literature (dictionary entries). In this case there is always a subject, as well as a word in them. n. maybe integral part predicate.

Example: The roses bloomed on time. Subject roses is in the nominative case.

Another example: This tree is birch. Subject tree(Name p., predicate birch- the nominal part of a compound nominal predicate, stands in Im. P.).

Meanings of the genitive case

Genitive. Can associate nouns with various parts speech. So, if the genitive case connects two nouns, then it will mean:

• a substance whose measure is indicated: liter of kvass;
• affiliation: mom's shoes b;
• object of some action: boiling water;
• definition relations: beauty of the fields.

The genitive case is used when comparative degree adjectives: stronger than (who?) a bull. With a cardinal number: thousand (what?) rubles.

As for the verb and verb forms, then this case is applied in the following cases:

• denotes a specific object when associated with a transitive verb: write out a receipt;
• used after verbs such as to fear, to achieve, to lose me and others: seek (what?) permission.

The genitive case is used when reporting exact date. For example: She was born on the sixth (what?) March one thousand nine hundred and eighty-two.

Meanings of the dative and accusative cases

Other cases of nouns are not so rich in lexical meanings and grammatical connections. Thus, the dative case is associated with verbs and some nouns (verbal). Has a side object value: to help parents(compare: help around the house- direct object).

The accusative case indicates that we have a direct object: I'm writing a poem.

Instrumental and prepositional cases

A noun in the instrumental case will have the following meanings:

• weapon or method of action: punch (with what?)(way), hit (with what?) with a hammer(weapon);
• subject performing the action: written (by whom?) by mother; washed with (what?) a rag;
• is part of the nominal part of the predicate: she was (what?) a doctor.

The prepositional case is special, as is clear from its name. It always requires a preposition. May refer to:

• topic of conversation, thoughts, etc.: let's talk (about what?) about Goethe's work; I think (about whom?) about a beautiful stranger;
• temporal and geographical indicators: met (when?) last weekend; work (where?) in a cafe.
• used to indicate a date, but not a full date, but indicating the year: I was born (when?) in nineteen ninety.

Declension of nouns

To write spelling correctly, you need to know not only cases. The declension of nouns has a primary role. There are three types of declension in the Russian language, each of them requires certain endings. To determine whether nouns belong to one of them, case, gender must be known first.

Nouns like homeland, earth, frame, belong to the first declension. They are united by belonging to the feminine gender and endings -а/-я. Also included in these declensions are the few masculine nouns: Vitya, grandfather, dad. In addition to gender, they are united by the endings -a/-я.

The group of masculine nouns is much larger: son-in-law, wolf, sofa. They have a zero ending. Such words belong to the second declension. The same group includes neuter nouns with inflection -о/-е: sea, building, crime.

If you have a feminine noun ending in a soft sign (zero ending), it will belong to the third declension: rye, youth, daughter, brooch.

Nouns can have an adjectival declension, that is, they change by case like adjectives and participles. This includes those who have made the transition from these parts of speech to a noun: living room, greeting.

To determine which cases of nouns are used in a sentence, you need to find the word to which the noun refers and ask a question.

For example, let’s determine the cases and declensions of nouns in a sentence: The motorcyclist was riding on flat ground.

Subject motorcyclist does not refer to any other word, because it is the main member of the sentence, therefore, it is in the nominative case. We determine the declension: the zero ending and the masculine gender indicate that the word has 2 declensions. Noun with preposition by area depends on the word was driving. We ask a question: drove (where?) around the area. This is a matter of prepositional case. Terrain- feminine, ending in b, therefore the third declension.

Declension of singular nouns

To determine with what ending you need to write a noun, you must know gender, number, case and declension. Declension can be hard or soft: a word can end in a soft or hard consonant. For example: lamp- solid type; pot- soft.

Let's give examples of declension of singular nouns and pay attention to endings in some forms.

First declension

Pay attention to the dative and prepositional cases. They require the ending -e. In a noun ending in -iya, on the contrary, in these cases the ending -i should be written.

Second declension

Here we pay attention to the prepositional case: it requires the ending -e. If a noun ends in -й/-и, then it is necessary to write -и in this case.

Third declension

We pay attention to the genitive, dative and prepositional cases: they require the ending -i. It should also be remembered that after sibilants in the singular in this declension it is necessary to write a soft sign. It is not needed in the plural.

Declension of plural nouns

Let's look at the cases of plural nouns.

Nouns in the dative, instrumental and prepositional cases have identical endings.

The endings -и/-ы or -а/-я have plural nouns. The first can be found in all three declensions, the second - in some nouns of the second declension: director, watchman, professor.

To distinguish lexical meanings nouns put in the plural form have different endings: sheet, But leaves (of a tree) And sheets (of a book).

Nouns like treaties, elections, engineers, officers, designers You only need to write with the ending -ы. A different inflection is a violation of the norm.

Indeclinable nouns

In Russian there is unique group nouns When changing by case, they have endings of different declensions. The group includes those words that end in -my (for example, time, stirrup), as well as the word path.

Like nouns of the 3rd declension, these words in the singular, genitive, dative and prepositional cases require the ending -i.

Immutable nouns

Another special group of nouns is unchangeable. They are not put in number and case form. They always have the same form: without kimono(R.p.) - about kimono(P.p.); new kimono(units) - purchased kimonos(plural).

How to determine in this case how the noun is grammatically expressed? We look at the number and case according to the word to which it refers. Examples:

1. Pedestrians were hurrying along the new highway.

2. New highways have been built.

In the first sentence we determine the number and case of the adjective new(units, d.p.). In the second - also by adjective new(plural, im.p.).

Invariable nouns are usually foreign words, as common nouns ( citro, cafe), and own ( Baku, Hugo). Complex abbreviated words (abbreviations) are also unchangeable. For example: Computer, nuclear power plant.

Many of us remember from school what is called declination. But not everyone will be able to reproduce all the nuances associated with it. But knowing the rules associated with will help us avoid making spelling mistakes in the future.

What is declination

Almost every independent clause (with the exception of adverbs and gerunds) can be changed according to its own rules. persons and numbers are conjugated, and nominal parts of speech are declined. What does this mean? Declension of words is the ability of nouns, adjectives, numerals and participles to change according to:

1. Childbirth (male, middle, female, except noun).
2. Numbers (singular and plural).
3. Cases.

The well-known set of Russian rules “Grammar-80” explains differently what is called declension. He proposes to define it as a change in the class of words by case. Which of the terms is closer and what is called declension, everyone is free to choose for themselves.

Noun cases

Based on the definition of declension in Russian, we need to remember what case is. It is called a grammatical form that connects anything with words of other parts of speech. Case shows how exactly the parts of speech agree with each other.

For a long time, the case system was subject to change. In the Old Russian language there were not six, as in our time, but seven cases. Another one was called vocative. Today it has already been abolished, and now there are 6 of them left.

• Nominative. A special case, since only it is called direct (who? what?), the rest are indirect. In the form named after pad. subjects appear in sentences. Another feature of it: it is the initial form for nominal parts of speech.
• Genitive. This form answers questions Whom? What? In order not to confuse it with other cases, you can substitute the auxiliary word “no”: cat - to them. p, (no) cat - gen. P.
• Dative. This case is so named because it answers the questions To whom? Why? Declension of words will be easier if you substitute the word “give”: to the cat - date. P.
• Accusative. Quite a controversial form. Similar to nominative for inanimate objects - What? True, in relation to living beings the question is asked Whom? The word "blame" is substituted for what he is testing. noun, will help you remember the rules of declension: (blame) cat - wine. P.
• Instrumental. Special case. Answers the questions By whom? How? The test word for him is “create”: with a cat - tv. pad.
• Prepositional. Question form About whom? About what? To make it easy to remember, we substitute the word “think”: about a cat - sentence. P.

Number

We remembered the case system that the Russian language is studying. Declension also depends on the category of number. There are only two of them in our language - singular and plural. Almost all nouns have both forms. But, as with any rule, there are exceptions. Some words are used in only one form. An example of those that have only a singular number: the sun (well, this is logical, it exists in one copy), milk, foliage, highway (it is foreign).

But the Russian language is so diverse that it has in its arsenal words that are used only in the plural. Example: scissors, trousers, glasses, watches, people.

Declensions in the Russian language can be carried out in singular forms. h and multiply h. For example:

Unit h. Pl.

I.p. book, books.

R.p. books, books.

D.p. book, books.

V.p. book, books.

etc. book, books.

P.p. about the book, about books.

First declension

The declension system in the Russian language, as is known, consists of three groups. Each of them has its own characteristics. The first declension has the following special features:

• Words naming certain male persons with endings -A or -I: uncle, man, dad, Vanya.
• Nouns that also have endings - A or -I, denoting people and objects of the feminine gender: spring, hand, aunt, Anna.
• The same endings (- and I) with nouns general kind(that is, they designate both male and female persons at the same time): crybaby, grouch, sleepyhead, slob.

Sample of 1st declension (examples):

I.p. boy, girl, crybaby.

R.p. boys, girls, crybabies.

D.p. boy, girl, crybaby.

V.p. boy, girl, crybaby.

etc. boys, girls, crybabies.

P.p. about a boy, about a girl, about a crybaby.

Second declension

This group differs from the previous one in endings and gender category. It includes:

• Nouns that have zero endings in the initial form and belong to the masculine gender: table, stump, ceiling, husband.
• Husband's words kind, but ending in - O or -e: little house.
• Them. noun with endings - O or - e neuter: sky, spot, sea, gun.

Sample 2nd declension:

I.p. table, happiness.

R.p. table, happiness.

D.p. table, fortunately.

V.p. table, happiness.

etc. table, happiness.

P.p. about the table, happiness.

Third declension

This group of nouns is the most special. It includes only feminine words and only those with a zero ending: mouse, oven, life, reality.

Must be remembered important rule regarding the third declension: when a word ends in one of the hissing sounds, it must be written (daughter, night, stove). They should not be confused with second declension nouns in sibilant (ray, cloak, mite). They are masculine and therefore do not require a soft sign at the end.

Sample 3rd declension:

I.p. life, thing.

R.p. life, things.

D.p. life, things.

V.p. life, thing.

etc. life, thing.

P.p. about life, things.

Summarizing the above, we were able to put together the declension of nouns. The table demonstrates everything more clearly. Study it carefully.

Indeclinable nouns

Now we know what is called declension and what words refer to each of them. But not the entire lexical composition of our language obeys these rules. There are nouns that incorporate endings of both the first and second declension. They are called heterogeneous.

What are the features of such nouns? Firstly, almost all of them end in -mya: time, name, burden, stirrup and others. And the word path also belong to this group.

Secondly, the rules for declension of differently indeclinable nouns are such that when changing these words according to cases, in all forms there will be a suffix - en(except I.p. and V.p.): time, stirrup, seed.

Thirdly, inflecting these words, we can notice that in the genitive, dative and prepositional cases they took the ending - And in the 3rd declension, and in the instrumental the ending -em appeared, as in the 2nd declension.

I.p name, path.

R.p. name, path.

D.p. name, path.

V.p. name, path.

etc. name, way.

P.p. about the name, about the path.

Indeclinable nouns

Our speech is rapidly expanding with new words of foreign origin. They do not have declension forms in the Russian language and therefore are called indeclinable.

This group includes:

• Foreign words that came to us from other languages -o, -e, -i,- y: coat, fillet, Sochi, kangaroo. In all cases they will have the same form, so there is simply no point in declining them. (Walk in a coat, approach a kangaroo, go to Sochi.)
• Last names ending with -ko, -ago, -yh: Yurchenko, Zhivago, Belykh. (To be a visitor to Kozarenko, to come to the Reds.)
• Words formed by abbreviation: USSR, ATS.

Personal endings

Related to this topic correct writing letters And And e at the end of nouns. By observing the rules of declination, we were able to identify that the ending e write in words:

1. First declension (the exception is gender): to the river (dat.p.), about mother (pr.p.), on the topic (dat.p.).
2. Second declension: about the ray (pr.p.), about the sea (pr.p.)

We’ll write the letter I at the end if it’s a word:

1. Third declension: in the steppe (pr.p.), towards the night (dat.p.)
2. First class, used in birth. case: by the river.
3. In words ending with yeah, yeah, yeah: in the planetarium, for a promotion, about an event.
4. For differently inflected nouns they also write And: on the way, about time.

Conclusion

After reading these simple rules, you will know what is called declination. It should not be confused with inflection of other parts of speech, such as conjugation of verbs.

It is imperative to study it, because theoretical knowledge our practical literacy depends. From our article we can draw the following conclusions:

• Nouns change not only by cases, but also by numbers.
• But it is worth remembering that not all words of this part of speech have these categories. Some of them cannot be indeclined at all (indeclinable) and do not have one of the number forms (only plural or singular).
• Each of the declinations has its own characteristics, so it is worth studying them carefully. We gave an example of the declension of nouns (table).
• Personal endings that are not accented obey the code certain rules. Depending on the declension and case, the letter will be written or e, or And. This topic is one of the most difficult in the nouns course.

The term “declension” in Russian refers to the change in nominal parts of speech (nouns, numerals, adjectives and pronouns) according to numbers and cases. To understand well what declension is, you need to familiarize yourself with all the types of declension existing in the Russian language. Let's look at some of them as an example: school curriculum.

Declension of nouns

In the Russian language there are several groups of nouns that, when declined by case and number, have the same forms (endings). What is called the declension of nouns? These same groups, in which certain nouns are declined in the same way, will be the types of noun declension.

• I declension - have feminine and masculine nouns, which have in the singular and nominative case ending -a, -z(clearing, army, cat, crybaby).
• II declension - have masculine nouns ending in -о, -е or a zero ending, as well as neuter nouns ending in -о or -е in the singular and in the nominative case (gorge, window, little house, lump, sea) .
• III declension - have only feminine nouns, which in the singular and in the nominative case have a zero ending (and a soft sign at the end). Examples: oven, laziness, daughter, leak. The third declension also includes nouns that are called heterodeclinable. Such words have different case endings, characteristic of various types declination. These words are: path, udder, flame, banner, time, stirrup, tribe, seed, name, burden, crown.

Declension of adjectives

By declension of adjectives, we, first of all, mean changes in cases, gender and numbers. These characteristics depend on the noun on which the adjective depends (with which it agrees). The declension of adjectives includes changes in cases and numbers, and in singular. number also by birth. Short adjectives change only by gender and number.

There are three types of adjective declension:

• Solid. This is a declension of adjectives with a base on a hard consonant (white, red).
• Soft - declension of adjectives with a base on a soft consonant (blue, summer).
• Mixed. This declension includes adjectives with hard and soft stems “k”, “g”, “x”, as well as “sh” with a stressed ending and “ts”, “zh” (quiet, long, wide, handsome, good, scanty). Such adjectives in their declension have forms of both soft and hard declensions.

Declension of numerals

All numerals change by case. Collective and cardinal numbers are inflected like nouns and adjectives.

1. Just like third declension nouns, the following numerals are declined: 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, numerals by -twenty, numerals by -ten.
2. IN separate group declinations need to be distinguished: 200, 300, 400 and numerals in -hundreds.
3. The numerals 40, 90, 100 have only two forms in all cases. The first is this form in the nominative and accusative cases. The second is the form in oblique cases. Forms in oblique cases end with the letter “a”. In the nominative and accusative cases, such numerals have initial form.
4. The numeral “one and a half” has two forms in I. p.: one and a half (m. r. and middle r.) and one and a half (f. r.). The form of all other cases, except the accusative, is “one and a half”.
5. As adjectives, the following numerals are declined: 2, 3, 4, collective numerals, both, both, as much as, as much, as much.
6. In compound cardinal numbers, each word is declined: two thousand five hundred.
7. In compound ordinal numbers, only the last word is declined: in one thousand nine hundred and five.

We considered another issue from the field of the Russian language. What is declination, you now know and understand.