Construction of a house with a flat roof. Installation of various types of flat roofs How to make a flat roof of a house

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Flat roof with your own hands - most often located on private low-rise buildings, as well as on garage buildings. This type of roofing device is ahead of its competitors. In our article we will tell you why.

Before we talk about how to make a flat roof, we note that the term “roof” and the term “roof” are not the same thing. The term “roof” refers to those elements that are located above the living space of the house. And the roof is a component of the roof, its upper layer. It is this that protects the entire building from the effects of atmospheric influences. In these conditions, it is very important to create a reliable roof for a country house.

Having become familiar with the difference between the terms, we can state that a flat roof is perfect option for a house with a small area. With an impressive roofing area, it is recommended to work as a whole team.

Flat roof and its features

When working on small house with a small roof area, you can easily do without helpers.

At the beginning of work, secure wooden beams or steel beams to the supporting frames. With their help, you can reduce most of the roof's mass, directing it towards the main walls and foundation.

So, we found out that the main load on the beams is the weight of the roof. But besides this, there are other loads, such as:

Total weight roofing and communication elements. As a rule, they are located in the attic or attached to the roof.
The weight of the person who is repairing the roof or roof. It can also install additional equipment.
Volume and mass of snow + cold winter wind pressure.

Read the advice of experts on forums, look at photos on the Internet - then you will be able to implement right choice load-bearing beams and avoid critical mistakes. Surely you will be interested in the article flat roof - pros and cons.

If you want to get a reliable and safe flat roof, then choose only a suitable roofing covering (more details: " "). It is also important to select accompanying materials that can withstand heavy physical activity, as well as the impact of natural disasters.

Don't forget to check everyone technical characteristics materials. To prevent negative consequences– carry out thorough hydro- and vapor barrier.

Place a “pie” of several materials on the slabs (they should have different properties).
The first layer is a vapor barrier. Its function is to protect the insulating layer from moisture. Polymer-bitumen film is used as a vapor barrier material. At the same time, it is often reinforced with fiberglass, and then a flat roof is installed. Place the edges of the film on the verticals of the floors. It is very important to carefully and accurately seal the seams, and also to understand.
Lay insulation on top of the vapor barrier. If expanded clay is used, fill it with a mass of concrete. When constructing a lightweight roof, the polymer insulation must be attached directly to the vapor barrier.
Moisture insulation is the main layer for a roof without slopes. To construct this element you will need membrane or polymer-bitumen materials.

Do-it-yourself flat roofing for cold rooms

There are buildings that do not have heating. These include sheds and gazebos. It is supposed to create a slope on them to drain water from the roof. To do this, you just need to equip the roof at the smallest angle.

When constructing a sloping flat roof, its support beams should be positioned at a slight angle. Boards will be attached to the beams. This will be a kind of basis for rolled roofing felt (more details: "").

To install a rolled roofing felt carpet, you will need a frame made of boards. For this, it is best to use thin wooden planks or steel strips. Secure them along the slope. In this case, the step should be 70 cm. But you should not block the path of water flowing from the roof. The slope percentage of such a roof is no more than 3%. In other words, it's 3 cm per linear meter length.

Construction of flat roofs for warm rooms

Let's consider the nuances when equipping a flat roof for heated houses:

First of all, lay a layer of boards on load-bearing beams, having previously completed . After this, the roofing felt or roofing material should be laid. Their canvases should be arranged using the overlapping method. In this case, the length should be 15 cm.
Expanded clay is laid on top of the roofing felt (you can use slag or other material). Before filling in the insulation, check that the slope is directed towards the drainage direction.
The third stage is pouring the insulating layer with cement. After preparing the screed, treat it with a bitumen primer.
Only completely ready screed will be ready to accept rolled roofing felt.

As you study the construction of a flat roof, you will see for yourself that roofs with large pitches between support beams require the participation of several people. It is advisable to invite professional craftsmen who as soon as possible will carry out all the necessary work.

When attaching support beams, the distance between them should be maintained. It should be no more than 1 m.

Installation of a flat roof made of monolithic concrete

The first step is to calculate the roof span. If it is 5 m, then 15 cm beams are used. Speaking in professional construction language, this is the “fifteenth I-beam”.

To create a monolithic roof, it is recommended to use concrete grade 250. When creating concrete mortar on site construction work, it is advisable to use a concrete mixer. Otherwise, you are unlikely to achieve the correct consistency of the solution. To obtain concrete for a flat roof, you need to mix crushed stone with 20 mm particles and cement, grade PTs-400.

When calculating the components, adhere to following rules: for eight buckets of crushed stone - three buckets of cement, 4 buckets of sand, and two buckets of water. If there is not enough water, you can add more, this is not critical.

Insulating a flat roof with foam concrete, watch the video:

Next, the boards are fastened to the lower beam shelves. Roofing felt is laid on the dry surface of the boards. Then it is laid on top reinforced mesh periodic profile. The diameter of this element should not be less than 1 cm. The size of the cells is 20x20 cm.

In order not to carry out repairs to the flat roof, the places where the mesh rods are overlayed are secured using binding wire. An option using glue is possible. Ultimately, the mesh should not slide off when pouring the screed.

For complete coverage with concrete mortar, small pieces of crushed stone are usually laid out at the bottom of the mesh. Thanks to this, a gap of 4 cm is left. It is necessary to differentiate the mesh and the roofing material layer. Pouring is done into the openings between the beams. Let us remind you that their thickness must be at least 15 cm.

After all the steps, the concrete is covered with a polyethylene film. This is especially true if work is carried out at high temperatures. By covering the surface, you will prevent moisture from evaporating from the concrete solution. This in turn will protect the top layer from cracking.

The concrete should remain under the film for at least three days. After the concrete mass has completely dried, add a layer of insulation. Don't forget about slopes. The next step is to create a screed and install the rolled carpet.

Insulating a flat roof

Today, a common phenomenon is the replacement of a flat roof with a pitched one. However, a flat roof is favored by the fact that it can be insulated both from the outside and from the inside. And after it is completed.

Previously, solid insulation boards were used for insulation. However, with this option the roofing weight increased significantly. Having studied past experience, modern construction has moved away from this method of insulation. Today, flat roofs are most often insulated using basalt. mineral wool. This is a fairly lightweight material. In addition, it boasts good thermal conductivity and moisture resistance.

Note that basalt mineral wool is not subject to combustion processes. In addition, it completely tolerates even the most negative impacts nature.

If previously flat roofs were made only on urban multi-storey buildings and were associated with constant leaks, today the situation has changed radically. These structures are used not only during construction multi-storey buildings, but also during the construction of prestigious private houses according to exclusive projects. Such changes became possible thanks to the emergence of completely new building materials and technology.

Flat roofs are one of many types of roofing, and have both positive and negative sides. The advantages of such roofs include the following characteristics.

Saving building materials and speed of construction. The effect is achieved through physical savings - the area of a flat roof is much smaller than a gable roof. In addition, for this design there is no need to make a complex rafter system with various purlins, supports, crossbars, mauerlats, etc. A small number of roof elements makes it possible to construct flat roofs yourself without the involvement of expensive professional specialists.
True, for this you should have initial skills in performing roofing works, understand modern technologies and materials. Otherwise, attempts to reduce the estimated cost of the structure may result in large additional costs for unplanned repairs. And not only the roof itself, but also interior spaces buildings.
Possibility to use the roof as an exploitable one. On flat roofs you can equip winter gardens, places for recreation, flower beds, small areas for sports, etc. But in these cases, the roofs are very complex design and demand professional approach to carry out all construction work.
Flat roofs make installation and periodic maintenance easier. Maintenance various engineering equipment: air conditioning and ventilation systems, solar panels, antennas, etc.

Unfortunately, such architectural structures also have disadvantages.

We have listed the real advantages and disadvantages; each developer should carefully analyze them before making a final decision.

Types of flat roofs in private houses

Thanks to new materials and technologies, designers have been able to create several types of flat roofs with unique performance characteristics.

Flat roof type	Brief description of technical and operational characteristics
	The most commonly used, simplest and cheapest type of roof. It is most often found on commercial buildings; it is rarely installed on private houses.
	A very prestigious roof allows you to use the area to increase the comfort of living in the building. The arrangement of such roofs requires quality materials and special technologies. The roof in use is often inverted.
	Differs from the usual arrangement of layers roofing pie. Waterproofing is done directly on the supporting base; this feature protects the coating from mechanical damage. Geotextiles, extruded polystyrene foam, another layer of geotextiles and a ballast layer are laid on top of the waterproofing. Geotextiles allow water to pass through drainage system, and ballast prevents layers from being undermined by strong gusts of wind.

Important. The cost of flat roofs varies widely; some options can be several times more expensive than gable roofs.

Roofing pie device

All flat roofs in residential buildings must be insulated; the structures consist of several layers. Each of them performs its own function and is critical for the roof.

Base

Can be reinforced concrete or wood.

Professional builders prefer reinforced concrete slabs, but not all houses can use them. The slabs are mounted only on brick or concrete façade walls, such elements are not used for wooden or frame buildings.

Vapor barrier

Prices for vapor barrier materials

Vapor barrier material

It is used only in two cases: the base of a flat roof is wooden and mineral wool is used as insulation.

But such options are rare; most often the base is made from concrete slab, and durable extruded polystyrene is used for insulation. Both of these materials are not only resistant to steam, but also do not react to direct contact with water. Accordingly, when arranging roofs made of such materials, vapor protection is not required.

Insulation

There are two types of insulation that can be used in the construction of flat roofs.

Insulation can be installed in two ways.

Currently, architects in most cases prefer the second option for insulating a flat roof, keep this in mind. But practitioners advise installing insulation from inside the premises. Each developer must make his own decision.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Practical recommendations for arranging a flat roof on a frame house

For example, we will take the option of arranging a flat roof on a wooden frame house. These buildings are very popular among many developers; they are quickly assembled, are relatively inexpensive and provide residents with a modern level of comfort.

How to make floors

For ceiling you need to use I-beams; ordinary ones are not suitable due to very high loads. If you increase significantly linear dimensions ordinary beams, then their own weight will play a noticeable role in the calculations of the acting forces, and this is extremely undesirable for all structural loaded elements.

Important. If the house is large, then it is much more profitable to order short beams and splice them on site. This method simplifies the process of transporting and installing structures. During installation ceiling beams you need to make a slight slope for the water to drain.

Video - Wooden floor

What to make waterproofing from

Prices for PVC membranes for roofing

PVC membrane for roofing

For sealing, it is recommended to use a modern high-quality membrane that is protected from harmful influences ultraviolet rays. The membrane thickness is at least 1.5 mm, the service life of such coatings is more than thirty years. Membranes must retain their original properties at temperatures of -30° and below. You need to keep in mind that situations may arise when you have to remove snow from the roof in winter; the waterproofing must withstand mechanical forces and not be damaged.

How to install a funnel for receiving water

The diameter of the funnel must correspond to the roof area and the maximum water flow. The data is available in comparative tables and is attached to the instructions for using the elements. If for some reason there is no such instruction, then you need to consult with the seller.

The funnel is installed at the lowest point of the roof. The roof plane is divided into several sectors and each has a slight slope towards the drain. To prevent ice from accumulating in the funnel in winter, it is recommended to connect an electric heating system. Heating functions temporarily and only during the period when the temperature changes from positive to negative several times a day.

How to properly lay a waterproof membrane

The joints are boiled construction hairdryer and are additionally filled with special two-component glue. You should start from the very bottom edge, the width of the overlaps is at least 10 cm. To increase the strength of the fastening, each strip of the membrane is separately fixed with special fasteners, and the wide washers are then closed.

Along the perimeter of the parapet, the membrane is also screwed with washers of large diameter, the distance between them is approximately 20–30 cm.

How to drain water from a roof

Experienced builders do not recommend attempting to install external gutters and pipes on flat roofs to drain water to the ground. The best option is to let it go plastic pipes through the interior. Installation of the system should be done immediately after assembling the frame of the house, during cladding interior walls the pipes are hidden. Due to this installation location, the possibility of freezing is completely eliminated, and the reliability of the system is significantly increased.

The best way to process OSB boards

There are many options, efficiency depends not only on the materials used, but also on the professionalism of the master. But practice shows that, all things being equal, the greatest reliability is with bitumen mastics. Surfaces must be coated at least twice, this guarantees the tightness of the coating for a long period of time. Of course, the top membrane must also be of high quality and correctly installed.

When building your home, building a roof is one of the most important tasks. We propose to discuss how to make a flat roof in a private house with your own hands from corrugated sheets, its structure, insulation and drainage, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this type of roofing.

Design features of a flat roof

Modern private builders rarely use flat roofs to cover private buildings and homes; these are mainly surfaces that can be used to cover a gazebo, the surface of a garage, bathhouse and other utility rooms. The flat roof is mainly used for multi-storey residential buildings, where design features You cannot build a gable roof.

Photo - Flat roof roofing pie

Projects of houses and cottages with a flat roof are distinguished by their originality and eclecticism. In addition, you can arrange a special roofing pie, thanks to which the lack of attic (inter-roof) space will play into your hands. There are such types of flat roofs:

Photo - Flat roof waterproofing

There is also a flat combined roof - when the roof combines several listed types. For example, inversion and traditional.

pros flat roof:

Very simple design, there are no special principles installation of rafters, frames and other beams;
Easy calculation of roofing materials;
You can use the surface of such a roof as a foundation for installation various systems directly on the roof: satellite dishes, winter gardens, solar panels etc.;
Smaller area, unlike a lean-to or attic (no need for wide overhangs).

But minuses flat roofless roof are more significant:

Due to the lack of an angle of inclination, it often leaks. Single-pitched, gable and other sloping types of roofs do an excellent job of draining water independently, but for a flat roof you need to build a special drain;
Several times a year Vacation home ik will need to be cleaned from the accumulation of leaves and snow on the roof;
Often the interior drainage funnels freeze due to the lack of an attic.

But still, in view of economy, the disadvantages that a flat roof has are not very significant compared to its advantages.

Video: flat exploitable roof

How to choose a material for a flat roof

Correctly selected roofing materials for a flat roof is half the success of the entire house construction. Of course, you can choose a profiled sheet, but it is worth noting that in this case you need to think through how snow removal and drainage will be carried out. The fact is that from constant exposure to atmospheric precipitation, the metal coating can rust and go out of service before the period stated by the manufacturers.

The roofing covering must have excellent resistance to moisture. The following will serve you well here:

Corrugated sheet with polymer coating;
Polycarbonate;
Slate;
Mastics.

Let's consider what material is most often used for flat roofing. Construction mastics most often used on residential buildings. These are special liquid coatings that are applied to the roof surface with a brush, and then harden, forming an airtight seal. solid, externally resembling rolled materials. They are highly resistant to impact high temperature- up to 70 degrees, but can crack at low temperatures - up to 25.

Photo - Flat roof

Polycarbonate is more reliable and beautiful than mastics, but it is an order of magnitude more expensive. Its main advantage is its external similarity to glass, so with its help you can create a stylish roof that will highlight your financial condition. In addition, polycarbonate is chosen for design design residential buildings.

Slate previously used for any type of roof, regardless of its slopes. It is very heavy, so to install it you need to carefully consider the frame and foundation of the building so that the house does not “sink”. The load that slate puts on the rafters is perfectly compensated by its durability indicators: it can last up to 50 years in moderately aggressive environments with strong changes in pressure and temperature. Now it can be replaced by aerated concrete, which is lighter.

Corrugated sheet with a polymer coating - it's almost perfect material for covering a flat roof. A dacha, a greenhouse and a house with such a surface may not be afraid of temperature changes or ultra-low degrees, but a snow cushion is destructive for them. It is necessary to ensure that the metal is periodically cleaned from atmospheric precipitation, so work on natural cleaning systems.

Photo - Flat roof made of corrugated sheets

More rarely, but still, a wooden flat roof is used. Its durability indicators are relatively low, but wood will help protect roofing felt or the same mastics. Timber roofs are mainly used in complex design projects.

Flat roof installation

Let's look at how a flat exploitable roof is installed on square houses, as well as how to insulate this type of coating.

A flat roof is universal type designs, she great combination price-quality, but there is significant shortcomings in the form of a complex drainage system. When choosing such a roof, carefully weigh all the advantages and disadvantages.

Several centuries ago, a flat roof was considered a poor-quality structure that began to leak immediately after intense rainfall, but today the situation has changed dramatically. Flat roofing system allows not only to reliably protect the building from precipitation, but also to save significantly. Of course, such a building will have its own nuances.

Flat roof structure

There is nothing complicated about the roofing layers of a flat roof. Essentially, this is a multi-layer coating that includes bitumen, polymer and mixed products that have high level waterproofing.

Depending on the functionality of the building and its purpose, the design method is selected roofing. Roofers know only two methods: fusing and pouring.

If you do lengthwise cut roofing carpet, the following layers can be distinguished:

Waterproofing. As a rule, this is the coverage
Cement-sand screed
Dense mineral wool slabs
Vapor barrier layer
Reinforced concrete slab as a base

Now, I will paint each layer separately.

As already mentioned, the role of waterproofing in most cases goes to the coating. It can be laid with weld-on, self-adhesive and bulk method. If we consider the first type, then the materials used are rolled materials, for example, roofing felt or membrane. As for liquid products, the most common product of this type is liquid rubber and mastic.

If cheap rolled material is used, it is often laid in several layers. This ensures increased product durability and good waterproofing plane. It is advisable to lay up to 5 layers of roll product on flat roofs. The average service life of roofing felt is about 10 years, after which the surface must be covered with new material

A cement-sand screed is not always possible. It is poured only when the roofing surface is in use. An example is houses in European countries that have gardens or recreation areas on their roofs. This layer will give the surface additional rigidity, as a result of which the underlying materials will remain intact when exposed to loads
It is best to use mineral boards as a thermal insulation material. In addition to its functional task, it performs functions similar to a screed and protects the internal layers from damage. It is worth noting that this layer must always be dry, otherwise moisture will play a cruel joke on it. Liquid that gets into the insulation boards significantly “cuts off” its useful qualities and once they are reduced, they will not return. Alternative materials for insulating a flat roof are: polystyrene foam, basalt fibers or bulk products
Vapor barrier material is an integral part of flat roofs. Thanks to them, moisture coming from living rooms will be blocked by condensation and therefore will not be able to reach the insulation boards
The basis is most often reinforced concrete slabs and profiled metal sheets, but not so long ago an alternative was found - wood. If for high-rise building, in which the loads reach serious values, reinforced concrete elements are necessary, then for a small private house a flat roof can be laid according to wooden beams. This design seriously saves your finances, and due to its low weight it reduces the load on the foundation

The drainage system of flat roofs is a sore subject. It can be performed both internally and externally. The first type has some advantages, but most developers prefer the second due to its simplicity and low cost. Despite the fact that the surface is flat, there are still slight slopes on it, this is called a slope. It is thanks to it that precipitation can be set in motion.

It is worth understanding that these roofs should be eliminated without problems excess liquid, otherwise waterproofing material It may give way, and water will get inside, and then you definitely won’t be able to get away with expensive repairs.

IMPORTANT: If you plan to lay on wooden system roll welded products, then you should consider its flammability. Under such conditions you cannot operate the burner, but what should you do then? You will have to fasten the first layer with ordinary nails, and only then carry out the work in the usual way, using open fire.

I’ll explain how to properly make a flat roof for a house a little later, but for now I think it’s important to understand its types.

Types of flat roofs

The structure of the roofing pie of a flat roof will differ significantly from its functional purpose. If wood or a reinforced concrete slab is used as the base, then you can afford a serviceable roof.

This is exactly the type whose area can be arranged at your discretion, but let’s do everything in order.

Unused roof. Its layers are laid traditional method. It consists in the fact that the waterproofing material is located above the thermal insulation slabs. This arrangement of the material does not even allow it to support a person, so to service such roofs it is necessary to install bridges or ladders. As a rule, bulk products are used to coat such surfaces. Non-exploitable roofing is suitable for temporary structures and outbuildings
Operable roof. Here the structure of the roofing pie will be slightly different. Thermal insulation boards are located above the waterproofing. They are laid from dense material, such as mineral wool. Thanks to the screed located on top, the surface can withstand significant loads. On the surfaces of such roofs you can arrange not only recreation areas or gardens, but also swimming pools or parking lots. You just need to understand that for this you need to make additional calculations and acquire auxiliary materials. As a rule, when medium loads are planned for the roof in use, then it is laid on its surface. paving slabs or other hard surface. The method for laying layers of this roof will be called inversion

A building with a flat roof in most cases does not stand out for its beauty. Therefore, to increase these indicators, it is best to turn to experienced designer. He may advise you to decorate your coziness with a balcony or terrace. It is worth noting that the construction of exploited roofs is not subject to the property of being cheap, but it will not differ significantly from the standard gable system.

Flat roof on wooden beams

A flat roof can be erected with your own hands without any problems, because there is nothing false about it. To do this, it is enough to purchase the exact amount of material and acquire necessary tools. By the way, despite the fact that you can do all the work yourself, it is better to invite a partner. This way the work will be safer and faster.

You will learn how to make a flat roof from the points below.

First of all, you need to take care of favorable conditions construction. For most materials, weather between 5 and 25 degrees Celsius is optimal. Typically, flat roofs are covered with bitumen products, so this temperature range should not be ignored. The fact is that at low temperatures bitumen becomes brittle, and at very high temperatures it begins to melt
After the walls are erected, the support beam - Mauerlat - is laid. It should be placed on the upper belt, in which the embedded parts are already inserted. They are needed to prevent the Mauerlat from moving along with the roof. In most cases, the material for the support beam is coniferous lumber with a cross-section of 15x15 centimeters. Reliable fasteners in this matter are considered anchor bolts, used in the absence of embedded parts, but these fastening methods are often combined with each other. Do not forget that Mauerlat is primarily wood, and it absorbs moisture very well, so between load-bearing wall and this element lays waterproofing
Flat wooden roof laid from boards. They will serve as rafter legs, so their thickness should be at least 10x15 centimeters. In the places where the support beam will pass, it is necessary to make a recess that is half the height of the element itself. For example, if the height of the beam is 100 millimeters, then the recess will be 50. The pitch of the beams should be in the range from 60 to 120 centimeters. However, everything will depend on the roofing covering
After working with the base and laying the vapor barrier layer, you can begin installing the insulation boards. Most of the material is 1.2 meters wide, therefore, their installation will not take much time. For insulating flat roofs, glass wool, basalt fiber and slag wool are best suited. This material laid in several layers between beams
Before laying the roof covering, you need to take care to create a reliable base and for this you will need moisture-resistant plywood or wood flooring. If the roof is laid using the fused method, then the first layer is secured with nails and strips, and only then a burner is used. Modern construction has alternative option– self-adhesive bitumen products, but you should understand that their price is significantly higher
In most cases, a flat roof is created in order to exploit it, and if you pursue the same goals, then do not forget about waterproofing the parapet. As a rule, roofing felt is used as a material for this purpose. A special wedge is installed at the junction of the vertical element and the roof plane. He does sharp corner more rounded

I hope I clearly explained how to make a flat roof with your own hands, but if you cannot understand any details, contact a specialist. They will not only tell you how to lay the roof, but can also provide their services.

Do-it-yourself flat roofing is great way erect a building in a very short period and save a lot of money.

But don't forget that DIY installation should include a complex to protect both materials and the building itself.

For example, in the first case, antiseptics, various paint and varnish products, etc. can be used, but for the second, a more thoughtful approach will be required, because fire safety is an important component of all construction.

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In European countries, houses with a flat roof, such as can be seen in the photo, are not uncommon; they are often built in resort towns of the Mediterranean, since precipitation is an infrequent occurrence there. In our country, buildings with such a roof are still rare; they are mainly used for industrial or economic purposes - workshops, garages, repair shops, etc. The reason lies in the fact that property owners give preference to classic projects for the construction of private cottages.

Houses with flat roofs

The most common form of their construction is considered to be square houses with a flat roof; they are luxurious penthouses that attract the views of passers-by with their appearance.

Disadvantages and advantages of flat roofs

Advantages of roofs flat shape are obvious:

it is possible to use the roof surface for your own needs, there you can arrange a place for relaxation or sports, plant decorative garden, green lawn;
building a house with a flat roof is profitable because it saves a significant amount of money required to create truss structure;
the snow that accumulates on the roof surface in winter acts as an additional insulating layer (experts call this circumstance controversial);
for use of the top coating in winter time you can install a heating system;
if inexpensive roofing materials were used to create the roof, then repairs will not require a significant amount and can be completed on our own. Besides renovation work If the roof is made, for example, of roofing felt, it is not done on the entire surface, but only partially if defects in the ceiling are detected.

The disadvantages include the following:

in case of negligence or unprofessional construction work when creating a house with a flat roof, it may be necessary to repair the interior of the building, which will cost a lot of money. To reduce the likelihood of leaks, you must remember to maintain a slight slope of the roof, otherwise precipitation will not drain, but will remain on it.

Taking into account the disadvantages and advantages of choosing flat roofs, we can conclude that this type of roofing is relevant at the present time and is a promising and reasonable solution, since it becomes possible not only to build an original building, but also to save a significant amount of money.

Features of a flat roof device

The construction of houses with a flat roof has a number of nuances that should not be forgotten at the design stage. Most often, the base is corrugated sheeting and reinforced concrete slabs, less often lumber is used.

The installation of corrugated sheeting is considered the most economical and profitable from a financial point of view, but it can be used when the upper surface of the roof will not be used, in addition it will be necessary additional insulation. Concrete is considered reliable and durable, since on top of it it is possible to install not only a gazebo for relaxation, but also a small swimming pool, which is used in the summer.

Base from natural wood usually constructed when building frame houses with a flat roof.

Flat roof made of corrugated sheets

If a house with a flat roof is being built using corrugated sheeting, then after installing the support, a vapor barrier layer is laid on top of it. It is necessary to prevent heat loss from the interior of the building. Vapor barrier material is produced in rolls of a certain width and length. Overlapping areas of vapor barrier, which can be used as polyethylene film, must be carefully connected.

Then a thermal insulation layer is installed using insulation slabs that are joined together. For reliability, a two-layer laying system is often used. There are bulges on the corrugated sheets that must be tightly filled with thermal insulation material.

After this comes the creation stage using polymer film. When all the insulating layers have been laid, reinforced concrete slabs are installed or a sand-concrete screed is poured.

When a country house with a flat roof is being built, regardless of what the base is made of, it is always necessary to make a slight slope - at least 5 degrees, otherwise water will remain on its surface.

Even a minor mistake made during the construction of a house with a flat roof can cause major repairs in the very near future.

Waterproofing and insulation of a flat roof

Brick or wooden houses with a flat roof require high-quality roof waterproofing, which is done using:

films to create a protective waterproofing barrier from moisture;
EPDM membranes, PVC membranes;
hydrophilic rubber;
liquid rubber - sprayed waterproofing;
injection materials (silicone resins);
lubricants which are used to connect waterproofing sheets;
penetrating materials.

Membrane insulation. It is considered an advanced technology that allows for high-quality waterproofing when building a frame house with a flat roof.

Most in demand diffusion membranes, they are:

with microperforation;
superdiffusive;
anti-condensation.

Environmentally friendly and fireproof superdiffusion materials are especially in demand, since when installing them there is no need to leave a gap between the layers of waterproofing and thermal insulation; they repel moisture, preventing it from penetrating into the thermal insulation layer. The service life of such membranes is about 25 years. They are often used when building wooden house with a flat roof.

There is another method - old and well-tested - adhesive waterproofing. It involves the use of roofing material, which is glued to the surface by heating.

Insulation of a flat roof

Insulation of flat roofs is a very important type of work related to. You can do it outside or inside in one or two layers. The easiest and cheapest way is to insulate the roof from the outside. A two-layer thermal insulation system makes it possible to reduce the load on the floors. The first layer is a heat insulator. The second layer is denser; the distribution function is assigned to it.

It’s not difficult to create a flat roof with your own hands - the main thing is to follow the technology.