The Abyssinian well is an accessible source of water in a country house. Abyssinian driving well: design, location and installation features with your own hands How to drill an Abyssinian well with your own hands

The most affordable way to organize autonomous system water supply - arrange Abyssinian well on the outskirts plot of land or in the basement of a house.

The finished hydraulic structure provides water supply from the sandy soil layer, so the natural water source has high organoleptic characteristics.

Design features of the well

Not many people know what an Abyssinian well is and how it works. An Abyssinian well is a well up to 10 meters deep without casing, in which water is supplied using a pump.

The well is constructed using a shock-rope unit, which is used in private drilling. In this case, the drilling depth is up to 12–15 meters.

The construction of the Abyssinian well is reliable and efficient. Structurally, the structure consists of the following elements:

prefabricated water pipe (separate sections of pipes that are connected to each other by couplings, and the joints are closed with rubber seals);
tip - a needle made of hardened steel;
top filter;
inlet valve;
pump equipment.

The water pipe is equipped with a submersible needle tip, in which small holes are made for water intake. At the top of the structure there is a filter for water purification and further supply to the consumer.

Wells have the following parameters of structural elements:

the diameter of the water pipe is from 2 to 8 cm, the lengths of the segments are 200 cm each;
needle tip length – from 25 to 32 cm, diameter – up to 1.5 cm;
pump - surface or manual.

Advantages of an autonomous Abyssinian well

Having understood what an Abyssinian well is, we can consider the main advantages of a structure of this type.

Abyssinian wells have become quite popular and in demand due to their high operational characteristics:

simple and reliable design structures;
low cost of component materials;
durability, practicality and safety of the design;
with a small diameter water pipe, a self-made well is not inferior in its technical and operational characteristics to more serious analogues;
the well does not take up much space, so it can be installed even in a small area;
the structure is equipped with surface pumping equipment, which is more convenient for carrying out preventive or repair work;
an Abyssinian well made of plastic pipes can be equipped in areas where the organization of the usual deep well is impossible for technical or other reasons;
to make an Abyssinian well yourself, there is no need to use expensive machinery and auxiliary equipment;
It will take 12 hours to set up a well - from the start of work to the receipt of the first liters of clean water;
reliable filter provides effective cleaning aquifer and prevents its possible siltation;
a do-it-yourself needle well provides a continuous supply of water in a volume sufficient for household and drinking needs. Average the debit of a hydraulic structure of this type ranges from 0.6 to 3.1 cubic meters/hour;
the finished structure can be dismantled and reinstalled in various operational areas.

A distinctive feature of the well is the immersion of the water pipe to an arbitrary depth. This prevents siltation of the structure and the supply of contaminated water with a high content of foreign impurities. In this case, the water in the Abyssinian structure will be of higher quality chemical composition than in classic large-diameter wells

The possible penetration of contaminants from the surface layers of the soil into the aquifer is the only drawback of the Abyssinian well. For this reason, it is recommended to choose more carefully appropriate place position for constructing a well, away from landfills, gutters and pits, summer showers and septic tanks.

Available methods for arranging an Abyssinian well

If professional installation services are expensive, how can you make an Abyssinian well yourself? A question that interests many homeowners who have decided to organize an autonomous drinking source on their site.

There are several available ways well arrangement.

Pre-drilling with drilling rig

This method is used to develop a well in mobile, aquifer-saturated soil, which is prone to rapid sedimentation and collapse. In this case, the drilling process is combined with the immersion of the water pipe. Professional or homemade drills– designs U-shaped equipped with a cylinder for collecting and bringing waste soil to the surface. For ease of working with the drill, it is recommended to use an electric or mechanical winch on a stand. It facilitates rapid extraction of soil from the cylinder and rod of the drilling rig.

Barbell hammering

For driving with a rod, special metal hexagonal rods are used, which are lowered into the casing during operation. Each rod is equipped with threads to increase the length. The working process involves throwing a downhole rod into a rod to construct a well of the required depth.

Hammering by a woman

Often, to construct a well, a driving rod is used - a rod, to which a cone-shaped tip is fixed using a washer. This design allows you to quickly install a casing for a well. During the driving process, the column is moistened with water, which helps soften the soil and allow the device to easily penetrate into depth. After preparing the column required depth installation in progress pumping equipment.

Independent development of an Abyssinian well

You can make an Abyssinian well with your own hands using a simple homemade installation. To perform the work, you must prepare the following tools and materials:

electric drill;
grinder;
welding installation;
sledgehammer and hammer;
set of gas keys;
water pipe in sections of 150 cm each;
cast iron couplings - for driving pipes, steel - for connecting;
steel wire 0.3 mm thick and mesh (galloon weaving) for the filter;
sealant for joints;
check valve;
pump equipment.

Filter design

The filter tip is made from a small piece of pipe (length up to 85 cm), to which a cone-shaped tip is welded. Small holes are made on the surface of the tip to supply water. A stainless steel wire and mesh is screwed onto the pipe with additional fixation on metal clamps in increments of 9 cm.

Well construction technology

The process of driving a pipe into sandy soil is quite simple, but requires a little skill. Experts recommend performing work on arranging a well of this type in the following order:

A garden drill is used to drill a shaft of the required depth and diameter. The optimal depth of the structure is determined by the sound method - passing clay soils does not create noise, in sandy soils of a coarse fraction a strong grinding sound is felt, in sandy soils of a fine fraction a slight rustling is felt.
The water intake pipe is installed with a step-by-step connection of the sections using metal couplings. Work is carried out until a wet sand layer appears. Next, the depth is checked - a small volume of liquid is supplied to the casing. If the liquid seeps out quickly, the depth is suitable; if there are delays, the pipe must be deepened by 50 cm.
Filter installation. Pipe section with homemade filter mounted using threaded couplings. The finished structure is immersed to the bottom to the sand layer, and a cast iron coupling is screwed into the upper part.
Next is the installation check valve and pumping equipment. All elements must form a single sealed structure, otherwise ready system water supply will not function effectively. For sealing joints and increasing strength connecting elements Additionally, you can use linseed hemp or oil-based paint.
At the end of the work, the hydraulic structure is pumped until a clean drinking water. First passes airlock, then a cloudy liquid, after which purified water appears.
To protect the water intake point from the penetration of pollution and runoff into the mine, it is recommended to concrete a small area around the structure. She must rise above top level soil by 5–8 cm.

Video about the technology of arranging a homemade needle well.

The main advantage of wells is the reliability of the structures and the safety of the arrangement. In addition, they are durable, practical and easy to use.

A do-it-yourself Abyssinian well can be located on summer cottage, in the garage or cellar. The construction of such a hydraulic structure does not require expensive equipment, and all work can be done independently without the involvement of contractors.

When answering the question of what a well and an Abyssinian well are, it is worth turning to history. The fame and name of this water source appeared during the era of wars with the colonies. The British in the 60s In the 19th century, the Norton drill was used to provide troops with water. The source of water supply gained popularity, which it still enjoys today.

After the creation of a similar device, Abyssinian wells were tested in Russia. Attempts to organize a water supply were made by unskilled workers who randomly plugged 5 wells in Tsarskoye Selo, most of which provided water. Drilling of Abyssinian wells took place at a depth of 4-10 meters.

Abyssinian wells for sand and water: design diagram

The construction of an Abyssinian well is simple and affordable. A small diameter pipe is required. It is used to pierce the soil, lowering the product to the location of the aquifer.

Drilling an Abyssinian well is faster when the projectiles have needles at the end. They are welded to the projectile. Once the pipes have been buried, self-priming pumps are installed on them. The operating principle of the models is vacuum, thanks to which water rises to the top.

The Abyssinian well is characterized by the presence structural elements as:

pipes. Dimensions: diameter – up to 1 inch, length – up to 30 m. Design feature: filter (perforation and fine mesh) at the lower end;
pumps. They are attached to the top of the pipe. A pump pumps water from an aquifer.

There is no casing pipe. But the following details are present:

pulley;
drill string and projectile;
rope;
clamps: upper (with axles for pulleys) and lower;
woman made of concrete with a reinforced layer.

Abyssinian well in the country: pros and cons

The world-famous Abyssinian driven well has the following strengths:

durability. Abyssinian well with your own hands will last up to 50 years (subject to proper drilling);
low degree of complexity of work. The simplicity of the process determines the high speed of building a well on a summer cottage. In the presence of specialized equipment(drill column with projectile) work takes several hours;
adaptation to the premises. A mini-well can be organized on a site, in a house, in a garage, in a utility room. It doesn’t matter whether there are plantings on the site - they will not be damaged;
compact size. Making a well requires a minimum of materials, time, and money, since the dimensions of the product are small;
quality water. To get water High Quality, you need to choose a suitable location for the well. At a depth of 5-30 meters there are no harmful impurities that pollute or mineralize the water beyond the norm;
performance. Depending on the amount of liquid in the aquifer, pumps can pump out up to 50 liters of water in 1 minute;
low cost. The cost of constructing a well is on average 20-25 thousand rubles, while drilling an Abyssinian well with your own hands will cost 2 times less;
drilling depth – up to 20 meters;
no need to obtain permits in the form of licenses and other similar documents.

The product has fewer disadvantages, but they also exist:

without a filter (fine mesh and pipe perforation), the quality of water decreases due to siltation;
the productivity of the well depends on the amount of water reserves available in the aquifer; if there are none, you will have to drill in another place;
the lack of water in a particular area requires the removal of the drill, which in some cases gets stuck in boulders located in the ground;
long-term non-use of the water source for its intended purpose requires cleaning. If the pipe diameter is small, cleaning the narrow hole becomes more difficult;
restrictions on the depth of the aquifer. You can drill up to 30 meters deep, but the aquifer must be at least 8-9 meters deep. Otherwise, you will need to deepen the pump.

Abyssinian well: competent drilling

Well construction involves 2 types of drilling:

exploration The goal is to determine the location for the well and find out whether there is water in the aquifer. Reusable equipment is used for drilling. If there is no liquid in one area, the drill is pulled out and the search is transferred to another area;
confident. The goal is to equip a well. Confidence in the presence of water at the required depth is determined by the presence of an active well at 20-50 meters. A home-made projectile is often used as equipment.

In addition to the neighbor's well, indicators of the presence of water in the aquifer are natural springs: barrels, springs, springs, spring ponds. The presence of bodies of water within a radius of 500 meters guarantees 80% success. It is worth noting that the river is not an indicator.

The location of water is determined by vegetation, but does not give a highly accurate result and is quite complex. Terrain analysis is carried out when it is dry. Places below the main level of the site with representatives of the flora that love moisture and feed on it (for example, nettle, burdock) are being examined.

An object such as an Abyssinian well and its drilling is impossible in the following areas:

on the slopes of ravines;
on steep hills;
on the cliffs.
Certain places require maintaining distance:
areas for keeping and feeding animals and birds (sheds, poultry houses), heaps with compost - 15 m;
heaps of manure, cesspools– 30m;
poultry and livestock farms and yards, cemeteries – 300m;
landfills, chemical and sensitive production facilities, sewage settling tanks, artificial embankments made of redeposited material - 3.5 km.

How deep to drill is determined using an aneroid barometer. An indicator of 760 mm of mercury (1.05 MPa) is 10.3 m of water column.

The needle hole is drilled until the tip of the needle reaches the waterproof underlying layer of water. If the rate of penetration of the drill increases when interacting with the aquifer, and decreases with the underlying clay, it is time to stop drilling - the goal has been achieved. Compliance with this rule will ensure 3 components of a good water supply:

quality water;
stable operation of the well;
long-term water supply.

You can check whether you have reached the aquifer using a pipe. Its diameter is smaller than that of the well, one end is welded. Thanks to the cord, the meter is lowered to a depth and then taken out.

Step 1. Select a location for the future well. Prepare the area and clear it for equipment installation.

Step 2. Dig a 1 m3 hole. If you intend to use a well all year round, depth below freezing level.

Step 3. Place the tip of the equipment in the center of the dug hole.

Step 4. Begin the driving-drilling process.

If you are using a garden auger, screw it into the soil layer and then lift it up along with the soil. Such equipment is used for wells up to 5 meters deep.

If you use a socket headstock for work, then press the top of the equipment with force, the impulse passes to the pipe. A socket headstock is equipment that is used in pairs.

Step 5. Bury the pipe while drilling.

Step 6. Sprinkle the soil evenly and then compact it.

Step 7. Increase the length of the pipe.

To ensure that the pipe enters the ground easily, take breaks after 1 hour, during which you replenish the soil with water. Under the influence of liquid, the earth softens, the drilling process is faster and easier.

Step 8. When the water level in the pipe reaches a meter, stop working.

You have learned how to make an Abyssinian well, now about the equipment. When independently arranging water supply in a suburban area, it is important to choose the right pump for the Abyssinian well.

If the depth of the well is more than 7 meters or the water rises more than 7 meters, it is more advisable to use a pumping station. It is a compact product consisting of a pump, an electrical cable, and a ballast. The hose is not included in the kit.

Application pumping station– guarantee of water pressure of at least 45 m, and flow rate of 20 l/min. The product is equipped with a filter that has a certain throughput. The cost of the product depends on this.

In addition to the pump, it is reasonable to use a bailer in the well design. This is a projectile designed for loose soil layers. Choose a product with a caliber 4-5 smaller than the internal diameter of the well.

A bailer drill is necessary when the well is used seasonally. Long breaks have a detrimental effect on the condition of the structure and the purity of the water; clay may enter. The main purpose of the bailer is cleaning.

Do-it-yourself well: operating features

The final stage of arranging a water supply system is commissioning. Before this, you need to install a check valve and connect a pump or station. Polyethylene pipes are most often used low pressure.

At the end installation work pour water, connect the hose, start the pump.

Initially the water is flowing It's cloudy and you can't drink it. To clean the liquid, the well is pumped for a couple of hours. Subsequently, the plants are watered with well water and vegetable crops, used on the farm. To drink such water, it is better to play it safe - submit samples to the SES for testing.

Do you want the Abyssinian well made of plastic pipes to serve for a long time, the lens around the filter not to be deformed, the quality of the water not to decrease, and the reserves of the aquifer not to decrease? Use it regularly.

If you come to a suburban area seasonally, prepare the well for downtime:

drain the water from the pipe;
cover the pump with moisture-resistant material;
Pump the well before use.

Abyssinian water well: to drill or not

Summing up the review of this type of water supply for suburban areas, it is necessary to once again emphasize the advantages that the well has. The compact size and specific features of the device allow you to place the product in any convenient place: in the garage, in the utility room, in the basement of the house, on the street. Thus, the water source is close and does not take up much space.

Equipping a water supply system in this way takes little time - within a few hours. The work is no different high degree complexity and do not require specialized equipment. You can make the equipment yourself, and also drill a hole yourself, reaching the aquifer.

The depth of the wells and their specificity do not require obtaining a permit or going through a licensing procedure, as is done with the development of an artesian source.

However, do not forget that the manufacturer of the well, the quality of the water directly depends on how regularly you use it. If there are periods of downtime, it is necessary to prepare the water supply system for them. And then, even after time and several seasons, you will have clean water on your site.

In addition, such a well is not suitable for those who regularly need a large number of water. In this case, it makes sense to consider other options.

Abyssinian wells were invented about two centuries ago and are still popular. The main advantage of such a well is clean water without excess minerals, not polluted wastewater, spores and perennial water. Let's find out how to organize it on the site with your own hands.

Concept and structure of the Abyssinian well

Schematic illustration general view and structural details of the Abyssinian well

The Abyssinian well is a so-called igloo well, buried in the ground without casing pipe. In professional well construction, such wells are practically not used due to the difficulty of drilling them to a considerable depth. But in the case when the well only reaches the first aquifer, a needle well is considered the best option due to its low cost, ease of implementation and efficiency.

Abyssinian wells are sometimes also called tube wells or driven wells. All these terms are synonymous and refer to the same type of construction.

The Abyssinian well consists of the following structural elements:

tip - a metal tip, which is made from hardened steel;
filter;
foot valve;
pipeline designed to bring water to the surface. The main most often includes several pipes;
couplings;
rubber seals;
manual piston pump;
concrete rings.

The operating principle of the Abyssinian well is quite simple. To obtain water, the ground is pierced with a special pipe to the level of the first aquifer. The diameter of such a pipe is 1 inch, and to facilitate driving it into the ground, the pipe is equipped with a sharp tip. When constructing a needle well, there is no need to use pipes larger diameter, an indicator of 1-1.5 inches is quite enough.

After the pipe is buried in the ground, a self-priming pump is attached to it, which operates on the principle of vacuum. If one well does not provide enough water, another one is created next to it.

Pros and cons of a needle well

A needle well takes up very little space on a personal plot

U driven wells there are many positive characteristics:

Such designs are easy to install; it won’t be difficult to make them yourself.
Abyssinian wells do not take up much space and can be located even in a small area.
You can drive or drill a well without using special equipment.
A well pump can be installed not only under open air, but also indoors, where it will be better protected from negative weather factors.
Driven wells are made quite quickly, the whole process takes no more than a day.
The long service life of the structure is another of its advantages.
The Abyssinian well allows you to receive clean water, not clogged with drains and other contaminants.
The water supply from the well is continuous.
The undeniable advantage of the well is its low cost.
Another advantage is that, if necessary, the well can be dismantled and moved to another location.

This design is not without its drawbacks, among which are the following:

The diameter of the needle well is very small, which means equipping it with submersible pump does not seem possible.
If water lies at a considerable depth, its rise to the surface is difficult due to increased pressure. In such a case Vacuum pump may not be effective.
When driving a needle, there is a risk of incorrectly calculating the depth of the aquifer.
Sometimes a solid object comes across the path of the well that cannot be bypassed or penetrated, for example, large stone or a clot of dense clay.

What to consider when creating a well

Unfortunately, it is not possible to equip an Abyssinian well on any site. The reason for this is some restrictions regarding the depth of the aquifer, the type of soil, the amount of water and its quality. Let's look at this in more detail:

The Abyssinian well is drilled to the first aquifer, but its depth should not exceed 8 m. If the water is deeper, it will be difficult to lift it up without a powerful pump, and the needle well can only be equipped with a manual piston pump. To understand how deep the aquifer goes, take a 15-meter rope with a weight and check several wells located in the neighborhood.
No less important factor is the composition of the soil on the site. Drill a well in soft and light sandy soil will not be difficult, whereas difficult clay soil you will have to spend more effort. If the ground on the site is rocky and contains many large boulders, it may be better to avoid creating an Abyssinian well altogether.
When constructing a needle well, you should also pay attention to whether the water corresponds sanitary standards . The fact is that the upper aquifer often gets into various pollution, the sources of which are neighboring cesspools, fields saturated with nitrates and pesticides, nearby factories and factories, etc. The most vulnerable is the aquifer located at a depth of up to 15 m. The quality of the water should be checked before drilling a well, and for this, liquid samples can be taken from neighboring wells. The water must be submitted for chemical and bacteriological analysis, and this is best done at the end of spring, when the soil is saturated maximum number fertilizers
Another parameter that should be taken into account is the well flow rate.. The flow rate is the maximum volume of water that can be obtained from a well in 1 hour. When constructing an Abyssinian well, this indicator will depend on the saturation of the aquifer. A driven well can produce from 0.5 to 4 m³ of water per hour, and if someone nearby already has an Abyssinian well on their property, it is better to find out how much water you can count on.

Collecting the filter needle

A filter needle for a driving well can be made from a metal or plastic pipe with a diameter of 1 to 1.5 inches. The selected pipe is cut into separate fragments 1-2 m long. In the process of driving the well, the pipe is gradually extended using threaded connections. To seal the joints, use flax tow, silicone sealant, oil paint or any other suitable material. Often special couplings are used for sealing.

The pipe connections must be securely fixed and insulated, since the performance of the Abyssinian well directly depends on their tightness.

In order for the pipe to penetrate the soil better, its end must be equipped with a filter needle. Such a needle will not only help the pipe enter the ground more easily, it will also protect the well from silt and ensure the purity of the supplied water. It is advisable to make the needle from the same material from which the pipe itself is made.

Let's take a closer look at the stages of creating a metal filter needle:

Take a metal pipe and make holes in it with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm. The holes should be staggered.
Select pipe suitable diameter and drill holes in it
Solder a stainless mesh over the holes to serve as a filter.
Attach the mesh over the perforation
Attach a sharp tip to the end of the pipe, slightly larger in diameter than the pipe itself. This difference in size is necessary so that the pipe freely penetrates into the soil following the tip.
Solder a sharp tip to the end of the pipe

Solder everything metal parts preferably only pure tin without lead. Lead poisons water and makes it hazardous to health.

A needle filter for an Abyssinian well from a plastic pipe is made as follows:

Prepare reinforced polypropylene pipe 1-1.5 inches in diameter.
Insert a mesh inside the pipe that will act as a filter. To keep the mesh securely, fix it using the fusion method.
Perforate the pipe by cutting slits with a hacksaw.

It’s not difficult to create a filter needle with your own hands, especially since everything necessary materials and tools are sold in hardware stores. But if you want to make things easier for yourself, buy ready set for the Abyssinian well.

Well creation technology

The Abyssinian well is equipped in two ways: by driving or drilling a well. To carry out the first method, a so-called driving woman is used, and during the work process water is periodically poured into the pipe. At the moment when the water suddenly goes into the ground, the pipe is dug another 50 cm, and then the pump is installed. The driving method is good when you create a well yourself, but this method is not without its drawbacks. Firstly, if a boulder gets in the way of the pipe, the needle can be completely damaged. Secondly, when clogging a well, you can miss the aquifer.

The second method, which involves drilling a well, requires the help of craftsmen and the use of special equipment, but when implementing this method you are guaranteed to find water in the well.

There are several ways to plug a needle hole:

Using a sliding headstock and headstock - a special part that tightly covers the pipe and does not slide down. In the process of hammering the needle, the worker lifts the headstock and forcefully lowers it down onto the headstock. The part is gradually moved up the pipe and worked in the same way until the aquifer is found.
The second method of creating an Abyssinian well is driving with an end headstock with a plug. In such a case, the blow falls on top part pipes, a plug is installed at the end in order to protect the threads from damage. This method is good because it allows you to use maximum impact force.
You can also drive a hole using a rod. In this case, there is no danger of bending the pipe, and the process itself is easier and faster. The driving rod can be made from a hexagon or a round rod. The individual parts of the rods are twisted together using threaded connection. In order for the rod to be removed from the ground after completion of work, its length must be greater than the depth of the aquifer.

Drilling an Abyssinian well with your own hands: work order

Before starting the process, determine the depth of the aquifer. To do this, walk through the neighboring yards and see at what level the water is in the nearby wells. If there are no wells nearby, you can make a so-called exploration well at free plot land.
Before starting to drive a well, determine the depth of the aquifer
At the chosen location, dig a hole about 1 m deep. If the well is located in the basement of the house, then you don’t need to dig a hole. Then using garden borer remove the top layer of soil from the well.
Before drilling a well, dig a hole up to 1 m deep
Drive the pipe into the ground using one of the selected methods or use a drill. Gradually build up the main pipe with additional sections to achieve the desired driving depth.
The easiest way to create a well is to use a hand drill
As soon as the well reaches the aquifer, let water flow through it under high pressure to rinse the filter from the ground. After this, install it in the well piston pump and remove all cloudy water.
The Abyssinian well needs to be washed until the water is clear
To prevent runoff, sediment and other contaminants from entering the well, concrete the space around it with cement mortar. If necessary, you can also connect the Abyssinian well to the home water supply system.
Concrete or cover the area around the needle well with stones

To create a needle hole, you can use a hand-made homemade drill; working with it will be easier and faster than driving a hole with a rod or headstock. The width of the drill should be the same as the diameter of the future well. During the work process, the drill is gradually expanded with additional rods, connecting them together with couplings. A gate is attached to the upper end of the rod and drilling begins.

As you move deeper into the soil, the drill is periodically raised to clear it of accumulated rock. If the Abyssinian well has a significant depth, a winch is used to extract the drill.

Video: creating an Abyssinian well with your own hands:

Creating an Abyssinian well with your own hands is not difficult, and the process itself will not take much time. You can drill or drive a well on your property in just one day, but after that you will always have access to clean water.

In a remote area of the house, they almost always mention digging a well or an ordinary well.

Indeed, sand wells or wells are the simplest and most reliable ways to obtain water on the site. They are durable, functional and quite comfortable. However, the labor intensity during their installation or maintenance cannot be ignored either.

Meanwhile, there is another way - drilling an Abyssinian well. Moreover, you can do this process entirely with your own hands.

1 Technology for creating an Abyssinian well

The Abyssinian well was invented during the colonization of Africa. Then the English troops were able to push back the natives precisely thanks to this wonderful invention. After all, to drill such a well it is enough to have metal pipes and make a primitive driving drill.

Everything else is collected during the work process. And the process itself is done entirely with your own hands and in a fairly short period of time.

If we take into account reviews from users of Abyssinian wells, then creating such a source takes from 3 to 10 hours, depending on the type of soil, characteristics of the aquifer, etc.

The Abyssinian well itself is a small source of water that produces it in the upper soil layers. To equip an Abyssinian well or well, as it is popularly called, you need to make sure that your aquifers are at a depth of up to 8 meters.

If they are located deeper, then you can also start working, but you most likely will not be able to do it without special equipment.

For work, improvised tools are used. You don't need direct access to water or anything like that. This is the peculiarity of Abyssinian wells. They are very mobile and autonomous.

You just need to score on purpose assembled pipes into the ground to a depth of 8-10 meters. Pipes are assembled in sections using threaded fittings. The lowest section of the pipe will be a special filter section with a needle.

The needle is the cone-shaped tip on the pipe. It is very durable and is intended directly for driving the body of the well into the ground. Since the upper layers of the soil mainly contain sand and other soft rocks, then you shouldn’t have any problems with clogging.

After the needle there is a filter pipe. This is a piece of pipe 1-1.5 m long, in which many holes are cut. As a rule, one hole is made on each side of the pipe in increments of 3-4 cm.

The pipe is wrapped with wire and mesh, creating a special filter. It’s quite possible to make a filter with your own hands and in just a few tens of minutes.

The operating principle of Abyssinian wells is very simple. A riser clogged to the required level reaches the aquifer layers of sand. They are usually located at a level of 6-8 meters underground.

Which means that the aquifer will flow directly onto the filter. Since sand conducts water well, within a few minutes the pipe will begin to fill with it.

When liquid appears in the well, work can be stopped and started. In most cases, after thoroughly flushing the pipes, all that remains is to wait for a day until the water clears itself and the well begins to produce clean water.

At this time, you can make a special pump or concrete the area around the well exit. Then all that remains is to attach the pumping mechanism and use this miracle of technology for your pleasure.

1.1 What are the advantages of Abyssinian wells?

As you already understand, Abyssinian wells have many advantages over more traditional sources. It is very difficult to list them all, but the main ones should still be noted.

Let's consider the main pros and cons of such sources.

Main advantages:

You can make a well with your own hands;
The work takes a little time;
There is no strict need to use special tools;
Practicality;
Mobility;
Ability to work in any conditions;
Good debit;
No problems with liquid overflow, silting, etc.;
Easy to maintain;
Takes up little space.

As we can see, it’s not for nothing that these wells are so popular in our area. They are very easy to assemble. You can make all the tools and drill the hole yourself. And the work will take less than a day.

If you suddenly stumble upon a large cobblestone or layer of pebbles, it’s not a problem. After all, at any moment you can take out the needle and try your luck somewhere else.

When finished, the Abyssinian well takes up very little space. At the same time, you can connect either a regular pump or any pump to it. Moreover, surface pumps are also useful here, since the depth of the aquifer will rarely be below 8 meters.

Main disadvantages:

Abyssinian wells have much fewer disadvantages, but they still exist. However, those who do not understand the very purpose of the work being performed consider them to be disadvantages. Of course, such a well is unlikely to cope with the water supply of a large family and their domestic needs, but this is not required of it.

It is worth understanding that the Abyssinian well is rather an auxiliary element of the water supply system. He will give you drinking and domestic water in sufficient quantities. But it is not intended to fully supply large facilities.

Andrey, 38 years old, Kostroma:

At one time I became very interested in this technology. I needed to make a water supply for the dacha and with minimal costs. I was captivated by the opportunity to complete the work with my own hands. I did everything according to technology and finished it with my friend in 11 hours. I am completely satisfied with the result.

Valentin, 27 years old, Altai:

I have two Abyssinian wells on my property. And I scored both with my own hands. Very useful thing, I'll tell you. With minimal labor costs, it produces a decent flow rate, high-quality water, and practically does not require maintenance. Ideal choice for country water supply.

Konstantin, 58 years old, Astrakhan:

A couple of years ago I ordered such a well from the guys. I listened to reviews from neighbors and realized that I needed it. The workers at my site had to work hard because the soil is not uniform. Twice we came across a large boulder. The second time they even bent the pipe. Fortunately, you can make a new one with your own hands and in just a couple of tens of minutes. Therefore, they completed the work before dark. The well has never let me down since then.

2 Selection of pipes for a well and installation stages

Before you begin the actual work, you need to select the pipes that will make up the body of the driving needle. It is worth understanding that this needle remains in the hole constantly and performs the functions of a casing structure. Therefore, it must not only be durable and reliable, but also suitable for constant contact with liquid.

Of modern pipes, good old metal and polymers are most often used. The metal can be galvanized; it resists corrosion better and withstands the influence of microorganisms well. However, over time, it will still lose its properties.

Plus, the metal is very durable and it is extremely difficult to damage such a pipe. Needle tips are almost always made of metal.

From polymer materials Reinforced thick-walled polypropylene and low-density polyethylene are best suited for pipes. Both materials are quite durable and also have excellent anti-corrosion characteristics.

As for the specific parameters of the pipe, inch samples are used in the work. Wall thickness metal products it could be anyone, but plastic pipes only thick-walled ones with a thickness of 5 mm or more are used.

As you already understood, the lower section of the pipe will be a filter section. It is processed with a drill, then wrapped with wire. Next comes the membrane, strainer or something similar. Then the whole thing is once again tightly tied with wire.

The pipe itself is connected using threaded fittings. It is also possible to use welding, but this adds certain inconveniences. The quality of the connections, of course, will be very high, but you won’t be cutting pipes every time something goes wrong.

Now let’s look directly at the working algorithm by which Abyssinian wells are installed.

2.1 How to drill an Abyssinian well with improvised tools? (video)

Having your own source of water supply for a private home is not only a simple desire, but also a necessity, since in most cases it is not possible to connect to central networks.

A well requires considerable physical effort to set up, and the water in it comes into contact with environment. An artesian well is a luxury that few people can afford. And to drill an artesian well, a special permit is required. The solution is to build an Abyssinian well on the site.

This drinking source was invented in northern Africa due to the characteristics of the soil. In fact, this is not a well, but a well, which is also called a needle due to the peculiarities of its shape.

The depth of this underground water source is up to 12 m.

The Abyssinian well is designed quite simply:

its body is formed by several inch-diameter pipes connected to each other;
in the deepest part, the body passes into a perforated filter tube, additionally surrounded by a mesh;
the filter ends with a sharp tip;
water-lifting equipment, for example, a hand pump, is located on the surface.

The simplicity of the device is one of the main positive characteristics of the needle well.

Advantages and disadvantages of "Abyssinian"

Photo at the summer cottage

Many experts and users believe that the needle well is one of the best options water supply at the dacha. This opinion is associated with a large number of advantages of this water source:

Igloo hole very easy to install, the entire arrangement procedure takes an average of 10 hours. To do this, you do not need to hire special equipment, the access of which is often difficult.

can be arranged both outside and inside the building

Such a well Suitable for areas without electricity, since a hand pump can be installed. If there are interruptions in the power supply, then it is possible to equip the source with 2 types of water-lifting equipment: manual and electric.
If necessary all elements of the well can be dismantled and moved to another location.
The water in the “Abyssinian” is not subject to the same influence of overhead water and surface runoff like a well. And according to mineral composition the source is superior to an artesian well. Abyssinian well water is not characterized by the presence of inorganic iron and a high concentration of hardness salts.
Well flow ranges from 0.5 to 3 m3/hour, which is quite enough for the economic needs of a country house and even watering plantings.
To recreate it, no need to obtain a license.
Final the cost of the source is not high, besides, the filter, well body and even a hand pump can be made independently.

The main disadvantage of the “Abyssinian” is the possibility of pollutants seeping into the water from the surface. This should not be forgotten when choosing a location for a well.

Features of arrangement and operation

Although the Abyssinian well is simple and popular, it cannot always be used, and some nuances must be taken into account during installation.

It is important that the aquifer does not go deeper than 8 m, which is due to the capabilities of surface water-lifting equipment.
Rocky soil prevents the development of the "Abyssinian". The best option is sand of medium and coarse fraction. In it, installation requires minimal physical effort, and the process of silting the filter occurs slowly.
It is not allowed for sources of pollution to be located near the well: garbage heaps, cesspools, septic tanks.
The well shaft can be formed by inch or one and a half inch plastic or metal pipes. It is important that the connections between them are strong and airtight.

Knowing these features, you can start purchasing material and prepare all the necessary tools.

Equipment: what needs to be prepared?

Can be purchased finished design well or make all the elements yourself.

To make an Abyssinian well with your own hands, you will need:

half-inch pipes with a total length of approximately 3-10 m;
1 meter of pipe with a diameter of ¾ inches for couplings connecting half-inch pipes;
inch pipes with a total length of 8-12 m for the well body;
mesh 16x100 cm with filter weaving;
about 2 m of wire with a diameter of 0.2 mm;
4 cast iron couplings for driving;
a pointed metal tip 10 mm long and slightly larger in diameter than the main pipes; it can be ordered from a turner;
automobile clamps;
bolts and nuts 10 mm;
pipe cutting tool;
gas keys;
garden auger;
drill;
welding machine;
"grandmother"

Video - drilling a well needle in an Abyssinian well with your own hands

It needs to be clarified that driving is the main process of installing an Abyssinian well. This is exactly why you need a “grandmother” - a tool that you can make yourself.

To do this, you need to weld a base 10 mm thick to a small section of a thick-walled pipe at one end, and handles on the sides. Weight finished product should be about 30 kg. All welding connections must be made carefully for the safety of deepening work.

Everything mentioned above is available for sale, which only facilitates the installation of the well.

How to make an Abyssinian well with your own hands?

Before you start drilling and driving an Abyssinian well, you need prepare all components of the well.

Long inch pipes are divided into sections 1 to 1.5 m long, the ends of which are threaded for connection.
On a meter pipe with a diameter of 1 inch, slot-shaped holes are made, spaced from each other at a distance of about 2 cm. The length of the perforated section should be 0.8 m. This is the basis of the filter.
Wire is wound onto a perforated tube, and the winding is covered with a mesh on top. For fixation, you can use 8-10 clamps or soldering. In the latter case, lead solder cannot be used.
A steel cone is welded to the end, which will be directed towards the base.

Now you can start driving with preliminary drilling.

In the place where the well will be installed, a pit of 0.5 m3 is dug.
In the center of the pit, they begin drilling with a garden drill, which is expanded using pipes with a diameter of 0.5 inches.
The soil is periodically removed by lifting the drill
When sand saturated with water appears, driving begins. First connect the filter to required quantity pipes, I screw a cast iron coupling onto the edge of the post. They put on a “grandmother” and hit it sharply.
Gradually the column of pipes is built up.
During the driving process, soil is constantly added and compacted around the pipe.
Periodically, water is poured into the body of the well and listened to. To do this, turn the pipe clockwise. When rustling is heard, add more water. If it leaves quickly, then they are buried by 0.3 m; if the liquid seeps slowly, they clog the column half a meter.

The latter procedure helps not to miss the aquifer. When it is reached, install a pump and pump the water until it becomes clear. The water must be taken to the laboratory for analysis. This will only slightly increase the cost of the Abyssinian, but will make sure that the source can be used for drinking water supply.

In the video you can watch the drilling of an Abyssinian well using the Pioneer installation:

How much will it cost?

The needle well can be ordered turnkey. Thus, installation of a twelve-meter well made of galvanized steel with the installation of the pump you purchased will cost approximately 23-25 thousand rubles.

More cheap option– hammer in ready-made structural elements yourself. A kit for a ten-meter well made of galvanized steel costs approximately 5.5 thousand rubles. You need to add to this the cost of the pump. The minimum price for electric water-lifting equipment is 2,500 rubles.

The least expensive will be the Abyssinian well, which is made entirely independently. The main expenses here are related to the purchase of a pump and pipes: 1 meter inch pipe made of galvanized steel costs approximately 110 rubles. The total cost of a self-constructed well is unlikely to exceed 7 thousand rubles.

In any case, when correct installation an igloo well will be an excellent source of water that will last for a long time.