Doronicum: cultivation, planting and care in open ground. Doronicum - spring sun in flower beds Doronicum herbaceous plants for open ground

Doronicum (lat. Doronicum), or kozulnik- a genus of flowering plants of the Aster family, or Asteraceae, common in temperate regions and in the mountains of Eurasia at an altitude of up to 3500 above sea level. One species of roe deer can be found in North Africa. Sources name a different number of Doronicum species: from 40 to 70. The scientific name of the genus comes from the Arabic name of an unknown poisonous plant. The Doronicum flower appeared in culture in the 16th century and quickly gained popularity among gardeners for its attractiveness and unpretentiousness.

Planting and caring for doronicum (in brief)

• Landing: sowing seeds in open ground - in May or before winter, in October, sowing seeds for seedlings - in April, transplanting seedlings into open ground - in late May or early June.
• Bloom: from May for 30-40 days, then the ground part dies off, but with good care and favorable weather conditions at the end of summer the plant can bloom again.
• Lighting: bright diffused light or partial shade.
• The soil: loose, moist, but not over-moistened.
• Watering: frequent but moderate.
• Feeding: in spring and before flowering - with a solution of organic matter or complex mineral fertilizer.
• Diseases: rust, powdery mildew, gray rot.
• Pests: thrips, aphids.

Read more about growing Doronicum below.

Doronicum flower - description

Doronicums are herbaceous perennials with basal and stem leaves arranged in alternate order. Representatives of the genus bloom solitary or collected in corymbs of 2-6 pieces, with baskets of wide bell-shaped or hemispherical shape. The involucral leaves of the inflorescence-baskets are arranged in 2-3 rows, the middle tubular flowers are bisexual, yellow, arranged in several rows, and the marginal reed flowers are female, yellow, single-row. Doronicum fruits are blunt oblong ribbed achenes.

Sowing Doronicum for seedlings

Seed propagation of Doronicum is carried out either by sowing seeds in open ground in May or before winter, or by a more reliable seedling method. Doronicum seeds are sown for seedlings in April, in a mesh tray filled with a soil mixture of equal parts of peat and coarse sand. 2-3 seeds are placed in each cell, after which the tray is covered with a transparent film or covered with glass and kept under bright diffused light, protected from direct sunlight. Caring for crops involves airing, removing condensation from the film and moistening the substrate with a fine spray as needed.

In the photo: Doronicum flowering

Under favorable conditions, seedlings may appear in 10-14 days, and as soon as this happens, the covering is removed from the tray and the lighting is increased, while preventing direct rays from hitting the seedlings. If there is not enough natural light, install sources of artificial lighting in the form of phytolamps or fluorescent lamps above the seedling box at a height of 20-25 cm. Do not use regular incandescent lamps, because they overheat and emit the wrong rays that the seedlings need.

When the seedlings reach a height of 4 cm, leave only one, the most developed plant in each cell, and carefully cut the rest with scissors at surface level. At the stage of development of 3-4 true leaves, pinch the seedlings to stimulate their tillering.

Planting Doronicum in open ground

When to plant doronicum in the ground

Doronicum seedlings are planted in open ground with the onset of stable warmth, when night recurrent frosts no longer threaten young plants. Typically, such conditions develop by the end of May or the beginning of June. However, before planting in the flower garden, seedlings must undergo two weeks of hardening: The seedlings need to be taken out into the open air every day, gradually increasing the duration of the session. At first, seedlings should be protected from direct sunlight, gusts of wind, drafts and precipitation.

How to plant doronicum

The Doronicum plant is light-loving, but shade-tolerant, and if you want the baskets to be large, select a semi-shaded area for the plant. However, doronicums will not grow under trees near trunks.

The plant needs loose, moist soil, but not soggy. The area is dug up in advance with manure to a depth of 20-25 cm. When planting seedlings, keep in mind that after 2-3 years the plant clumps will grow in diameter up to half a meter, if not more, so the holes are dug at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other. The depth and diameter of the hole should be such that a seedling with an earthen lump on the roots can fit into it. After filling the holes, the surface is slightly compacted and watered generously.

Caring for Doronicum in the garden

How to care for Doronicum

Even a novice gardener can plant and care for Doronicum. Doronicum blooms twice per season - in spring and in the second half of summer, although the second flowering is not as abundant as the first. After the inflorescences wither, the arrows need to be cut off so that they do not reduce the attractiveness of the plant.

In the photo: Growing Doronicum in the garden

Late September or early October Doronicum is rejuvenated by dividing the bush: it can grow in one place for years, but over time its baskets become small, and the old shoots in the center of the bush die off, and the flower garden looks sloppy. The dug up bushes are divided into parts, after which the sections are planted. It is enough to rejuvenate once every 3-4 years, but if you want to have plants with large baskets for cutting, then divide the bushes annually.

Doronicum does not require shelter for the winter.

Watering and fertilizing Doronicum

Yellow chamomile doronicum has a shallow root system, so it needs frequent watering.

However, waterlogging of the soil should not be allowed. For irrigation use settled water heated in the sun.

Loosening of doronicum must be done carefully, and it is better to weed the weeds manually. To preserve moisture in the soil, the area is mulched with wood chips, shavings, or simply mown grass: mulch not only slows down the process of evaporation of moisture from the soil, but has a suppressive effect on weeds and prevents the formation of a crust on the surface of the earth. In addition, you will not need to frequently loosen the area under the mulch.

At the beginning of the growing season and before flowering, it is advisable to feed doronicum with a solution of complex mineral fertilizer or organic matter in liquid form.

Pests and diseases of Doronicum

As a result of unfavorable weather conditions or improper care, doronicum may develop rust, powdery mildew or gray mold. To avoid doronicum being damaged by fungi, balance its watering, do not allow the soil to become waterlogged, and regularly remove weeds from the area.

At the first sign gray rot diseased bushes should be immediately removed and destroyed so as not to expose healthy plants to the risk of infection, and pathogens powdery mildew And rust will die after 2-4 treatments of the flower garden with Topaz, Fundazol, Oksikhom or another drug of similar effect.

Keep in mind that plants in areas that are regularly fertilized with fresh manure are more often affected by fungal infections.

Types and varieties of Doronicum

We offer you an introduction to the most popular species of Doronicum in culture.

A Mediterranean plant with straight, branched stems at the top, reaching a height of 70 cm. Its leaves are ovate, and oblong on the upper part of the stem. Bright yellow heads up to 5 cm in diameter are collected in scutes. The species has been in culture since 1584.

In the photo: Austrian Doronicum (Doronicum austriacum)

Altai Doronicum (Doronicum altaicum = Doronicum bargusinense = Doronicum schischkinii)

Native to Siberia, Central Asia, Eastern Kazakhstan and Mongolia. It is a rhizomatous perennial from 10 to 70 cm in height with a bare, straight, branched or simple, finely ribbed stem, which can be brown or red-violet. The stem can be leafy or leafless, and under the baskets it is covered with dense glandular pubescence. The basal leaves of the plant are long-petiolate, the lower ones are stem-encompassing, scale-like, and the middle and upper stem leaves are spatulate or obovate, stem-encompassing or pierced. On peduncles up to 30 cm long, inflorescences of 1-4 yellow baskets with a diameter of up to 6 cm are formed.

In the photo: Altai Doronicum (Doronicum altaicum)

Or Caucasian doronicum (Doronicum caucasicum), or heart-shaped (Doronicum cordatum = Doronicum pardalianches) found in the wild in Central Europe, the Mediterranean, Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, Ciscaucasia and is a perennial up to 50 cm high with a horizontal rhizome, light green ovate-rounded basal leaves located on long petioles, and ovate-elliptical sessile stem leaves. Single baskets up to 5 cm in diameter with pale yellow ligulate and yellow tubular flowers are formed on long peduncles. After flowering, the bushes sharply lose their attractiveness, so plants of this species are usually planted in the background. Doronicum orientalis has been in culture since 1808. The best varieties:

• Gold Dwarf– early variety up to 15 cm high;
• Spring Beauty– a plant up to 45 cm high with terry bright yellow baskets;
• Little Leo– a compact plant up to 35 cm high.

In the photo: Doronicum orientale

A plant with a long tuberous root from Asia Minor, Central Europe and the Balkans, forming bushes from 40 to 80 cm in height. Almost bare peduncles bear heads up to 6 cm in diameter with narrow reed flowers. Best variety:

• Gold Ostrich- a plant with branched stems, and due to this it blooms more abundantly than the main species.

In the photo: Doronicum columnae (Doronicum columnae)

A pubescent plant, 10 to 30 cm high, from the subalpine and alpine belts of high-mountain meadows in Europe. This doronicum with a thin creeping and short rhizome forms single yellow baskets with a diameter of up to 6 cm, under which the peduncles are covered with strong pubescence. The hairy leaves are shaped like a jagged spear tip.

In the photo: Doronicum clusii

Doronicum plantagineum

Grows in southwest Europe. This is a perennial plant up to 140 cm high with oval-ovate basal leaves, unclearly toothed along the edge, narrowed into a long petiole. Yellow baskets with a diameter of 8 to 12 cm open from the end of May, and the leaves die off by the end of June. The plant has been in cultivation since 1560 and has such popular varieties.

Doronicum - a winter-hardy perennial will delight you in early spring with very bright yellow inflorescences-baskets. Lately it is not so common in gardens, and very undeservedly. The plant is unpretentious and grows very quickly. It blooms in the southern regions from the second half of March, and in the northern regions from mid-April. It blooms almost earlier than tulips. Flowering is long-lasting - it will bloom in the shade for more than a month. Does not lose its decorative effect even after flowering ends...

Family: Asteraceae.

Growing region: grows in the Caucasus, Europe, the Mediterranean and Asia Minor.

Usage: growing, doronicums form large, very bright bushes, completely covered with yellow inflorescences on long swaying cuttings. After flowering ends, the light green leaves of doronicums do not die off, so they remain a decoration for any flower garden. The height of flowering doronicum is from 20 cm to 70 cm. Doronicum plantain has a very high peduncle - up to 120 cm. The height of the clump without flowers is from 10 to 20 cm. Despite the long thin peduncle, it is not prone to lodging. This only happens if it rains heavily.
Doronicum planted in the sun blooms earlier, but it will bloom a week less than the one planted in a shady corner of the garden. Therefore, it can safely be classified as a shade-tolerant plant.
Cut Doronicum flowers last a long time in a vase.

Reproduction: propagated by seeds and division of the bush. Both methods are not difficult.
When propagated by seeds, seedlings appear in one to two weeks. They dive after the appearance of 2-3 true leaves and at the end of May - beginning of June they are planted in a permanent place. They can be sown directly into the ground. Don’t forget to water, otherwise all the work will be in vain. It is advisable to divide and replant the bushes once every four to five years, at least. You can divide the plant starting in April and throughout the season. The survival rate in a new place is almost 100 percent. In the planting field, watering the plants is required every day.

Soil requirements: not demanding. Of course, it will be better to grow on fertilized, loose soils.

Landing: It can be planted both in sunny places and in partial shade.
When planting, you need to keep in mind that, having grown, in 2-3 years the clump of doronicum will be up to half a meter in diameter, or even more.
It is believed that Doronicum is a sun-loving plant, but from my own experience I can say that it feels great in shade and partial shade.

Features of care: Doronicum is a very unpretentious plant. Its root system is located close to the soil surface. Therefore, probably the only difficulty in caring for it is that without watering it “drops its leaves” very quickly, especially if it is planted in the sun. But after watering it recovers quickly. Water at the root.
Responds well to fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers.
After flowering ends, it is necessary to cut off the flower stalks. In addition to the fact that they will spoil the appearance of the plant, after pruning them, Doronicum will grow faster.
The plant is winter-hardy and does not require shelter.

Bloom: Doronicum blooms in early spring and a second time in July-early August, although not so abundantly.

If your site lacks bright colors in the spring, pay attention to the roe. The plant is better known as Doronicum; planting and caring for this unpretentious and winter-hardy perennial from the Asteraceae family is rewarded handsomely.

It grows quickly and soon you can admire the gorgeous bushes, completely dotted with yellow baskets of inflorescences. Very cute, a real “sunny daisy”.

The natural habitat of Doronicum is the expanses of the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, and Asia. In our areas, the roe deer will bloom for at least a month, starting in mid-March or April, depending on the climate. But it almost always blooms earlier than tulips.

In July-August you will be pleased with the second wave of flowering, but perhaps not so abundant. The flowering plant sometimes reaches 70 centimeters in height, and plantain doronicum grows up to 120 cm. The stems themselves are quite low, and the flower stalks stretch out in length.

Reproduction of Doronicum

There are two ways: seeds and dividing the bush. Both options are very simple. Doronicum is absolutely not picky about the soil, but if the soil is fertilized and loose, the bushes will be stronger and more beautiful; short specimens will grow on sandstones.

Almost any site is suitable. Kozulnik is considered sun-loving, but it will bloom well in partial shade. Under the bright rays of the sun, the inflorescences will appear earlier, but will wither faster. True, you should not plant doronicum near tree trunks, this depresses the plant and it develops worse.

1. You can sow seeds in open ground, preferably in May. Sometimes flower growers do not want to take risks and prefer seedlings, then they need to start in April. After 7-14 days, the first shoots will appear, but you cannot dive until 2-3 full-fledged leaves are formed.

Strong young specimens are planted in a permanent place in May or early June, the distance between seedlings is about 30 centimeters. It is very important to water the plantings regularly. This is perhaps the only requirement; without moisture, baby doronicums will quickly die.

2. Bushes should be divided and replanted at least once every 4-5 years. The procedure can be carried out on any day of the season, starting in April. “Sunny Chamomile” takes root perfectly in a new place, but it is advisable to keep a lump of earth on the roots and not to forget about daily watering, of course, without getting carried away too much.

When planting roe grass, it is important to remember that mature bushes will grow over several years and occupy an area up to half a meter in diameter. It is necessary to leave free space around, because thickened plantings are often affected by powdery mildew.

Care

For those who want to “settle” Doronicum on the site, planting will seem simple, but care is even simpler. It is difficult to find a more unpretentious plant. The only thing without which the gooseberry suffers is watering. The “sunny daisy” has a shallow root and it is difficult for it to obtain water on its own. Moisture is especially important during the flowering period. Due to drought, the bushes will drop their leaves, but as soon as the plantings are watered, and it is better to do this at the root, they will recover again.

Doronicum will be happy to be fed; you can use both organic and mineral fertilizers. After the plant has finished blooming, the drying flower stalks are usually cut off. They not only spoil the decorative effect, giving a sloppy look, but also prevent the bush from growing. As a rule, goat grass is not covered for the winter; the frost-resistant plant will withstand even severe cold.

Doronicum in landscape design

For many gardeners, “sunny daisies” seem too simple. But after the monotony of winter, golden flowers always please the eye and lift your spirits. Moreover, the plant is inexpensive and completely undemanding.

Doronicum, which is called a secondary plant, can always be used in landscape design: flower beds, mixborders, decorating fences and unattractive utility rooms. In groups it significantly enlivens the composition, but usually dominates in the spring. To keep the flowerbed well-groomed, it is important to cover it with other flowers.

Near the doronicum bushes you can plant Rogersias, variegated hostas and. During flowering, yellow inflorescences combine perfectly with, primrose,

Belonging to the aster family (Asteraceae), wild representatives are inhabitants of the mountain and foothill regions of the temperate zone of Eurasia. Widely distributed in culture.

• Family: Asteraceae or Asteraceae.
• Homeland: mountains and foothills of Eurasia.
• Rhizome: tuberous, superficial.
• Stem: straight.
• Leaves: basal petiolate, stem stem-embracing.
• Fetus: achene.
• Reproductive capacity: They reproduce by cuttings of rhizomes, dividing bushes and seeds.
• Illumination: photophilous, tolerates partial shade.
• Watering: drought-resistant.
• Content temperature: winter-hardy.
• Flowering duration: up to 40-45 days in spring or summer, depending on the species.

Description of the Doronicum flower

A beautifully flowering perennial with simple or slightly branched stems 30 - 100 cm high. The leaves are soft green, the lower ones are rounded-oblong, elliptical or heart-shaped, petiolate, formed into basal rosettes, the stem leaves are oblong, alternate, mostly stem-embracing. At the end of the stem, on an almost leafless peduncle, large, 5 to 12 cm in diameter, single, yellow, chamomile-like flowers, in some species collected in corymbs of 2-6 pieces, bloom. The inflorescence is a basket with female ligulate marginal flowers arranged in one or two rows, and bisexual tubular middle flowers. The fruit is a brown or dark brown achene, smooth or covered with white hairs. The seeds are small, up to 6000 per 1 g, and remain viable for 1-2 years.

The genus includes up to 40 species, of which 10 are used in culture. The aerial part of most species is poisonous; it is not without reason that the Doronicum flower received its name from the Arabic word “doronish”, meaning an unknown poisonous plant. In Russia, where about 12 species grow, the flowers are also known as “kozulnik”.

Doronicums are widely used, valued for their unpretentiousness, winter hardiness, long and early flowering, they are planted in mixborders and rockeries. Flowers remain fresh for a long time in bouquets and are often grown.

Common decorative species and varieties of Doronicum

Doronicum eastern (D. Orientale Hoffing), another name: Caucasian doronicum (D. Caucasicum), most often found in our gardens. In the wild, it is distributed in the Mediterranean, the foothills of the Caucasus, and Transcaucasia. The plant is up to 50 cm tall, with horizontal rhizomes that have a clear, swollen shape. The basal leaves are serrated petiolate, the stem leaves are sessile and ovoid in shape.

Ephemeroid, with simple single baskets of yellow flowers up to 8 cm in diameter, blooming in mid-May. It blooms for 30-40 days, then the aboveground part dies off, and new rosettes appear only at the end of summer. In cultivation since 1808, two varieties have been grown:

Spring Beauty (Fruhlingspracht) with bright yellow double flowers, up to 45cm tall, early dwarf Gold Dwarf, just 15cm tall. Of the new varieties, we can recommend the low-growing, up to 35 cm “Little Leo”.

Doronicum plantain (D. plantagineum) taller than the previous species, up to 140 cm, its yellow flowers are larger, up to 12 cm in diameter, and it blooms a week later. In nature, it is widespread in southwestern Europe, cultivated since 1560. It is characterized by slight pubescence of leaves and trunks, tuberous rhizome. Popular varieties are Miss Mason and Harpuf Crewe.

They also grow in gardens Doronicum Columna (D. Columnae). Its compact curtains, up to 40 cm high, at the beginning of summer are decorated with yellow flowers with narrow petals, up to 5 cm in diameter. Looks good on rocky hills; there is a profusely flowering variety called Gold Straus with branching stems.

Sometimes found in flower beds doronicum austria (D. Austriacum Jacque), a plant that blooms in July, up to 70 cm tall, with bright yellow flowers collected in inflorescences.

Let us also note low-growing Doronicum Clews (D. clusii), naturally growing in high alpine meadows. The plant, 10-30 cm high, blooms in July-August; the leaves are shaped like jagged spear tips; they, like the upper part of the peduncles, are heavily pubescent.

Below are photos of Doronicums of the listed species.

Doronicum Austrian in the photo.

Doronicum macrophylla in the photo.

Doronicum Poisonous in the photo.

Care, reproduction and planting of Doronicum

All doronicums are light-loving plants, but they also do well in partial shade, and even increase the duration of flowering and the size of the inflorescences. The only exception is Doronicum plantain, which is best grown in an open, sunny place. In complete shade, near the trunks of large trees, these flowers do not grow.

The plants are unpretentious to the soil, however, for abundant flowering, it is better to grow Doronicum on loose, well-fertilized soil, sufficiently moist, but not soggy. The root system is superficial, so the flower does not tolerate deep loosening and digging. To preserve moisture and protect against weeds, it is recommended to mulch the bushes using wood shavings or chips, or mown grass. After flowering, the foliage dies off and the plant goes into a dormant period. New rosettes appear at the end of summer, at the same time, under favorable conditions, Doronicum can bloom a second time. During the period of formation of flowers and renewal buds, sufficient watering, without waterlogging, is required; in a dormant state, plants easily tolerate a lack of moisture and even drought. It is recommended to trim off faded shoots. Doronicums are not demanding when it comes to nutrition; they usually need fertilizers added to the soil during digging and mulching. If necessary, fertilizing is carried out in the first half of summer with organic or mineral fertilizers.

In temperate climates, the flower overwinters well; if there is snow cover, it does not require shelter; trimmed bushes can only be lightly sprinkled with peat. If there is not enough snow, you can cover the bushes with spruce branches or compost. Doronicums tolerate spring frosts well even in bloom.

The plants are durable and can grow in one place without replanting for many years, but for better flowering it is recommended to rejuvenate the bushes every 4-5 years, dividing them into several parts. Division is carried out from mid-August to early September, although the flower tolerates transplants well even in bloom, provided that the earthen coma is preserved.

To propagate Doronicum, not only division of bushes is used, but also sections of rhizomes or seeds. Sections of rhizomes with a renewal bud are dug up immediately after flowering, in June-July, and immediately planted in a permanent place. In the case of seed propagation, Doronicum is planted in open ground in May or autumn. Shoots appear at temperatures above 16 °C. When grown through seedlings, the seeds are sown in April to a depth of about 5 mm in greenhouses, where they germinate in 7-10 days. Seedlings sprout, when 1-2 true leaves appear, are planted in open ground in late June at a distance of about 25 cm from each other, and in August they are transplanted to a permanent place with an interval of 30 to 50 cm. Young plantings bloom in the second year.

The Doronicum flower is familiar to many; it is valued not only for its incredibly delicate, early flowering, but also for its unpretentiousness and ease of care - even a novice gardener can easily grow it! Let's figure out how to grow Doronicum (planting and care, nuances of reproduction), and also look at photos of flowers in a flowerbed.

Kozulnik (doronicum): choosing a place for planting, care features

Bright yellow daisies are like the sun - they successfully complement flower beds in the spring, filling every corner of your garden with bright and fresh colors. These flowers are sometimes grown for cutting and last a long time in bouquets.

The stems, foliage and flowers of almost all types of Doronicum are poisonous, this feature of the plant is indicated by its name, it comes from the Arabic word doronish, which means an unknown poisonous plant.

Doronicum: description, types and varieties with photos

The genus of perennial herbs Doronicum (Doronicum) belongs to the Compositae or Asteraceae family; in nature, the flower grows in temperate regions of North America, Europe and Asia, in the mountains and at their foot. All representatives of the genus are perennials, there are about 40 species in total. There are 10 or 12 varieties cultivated, but we will describe the 8 most common.

D. altai (D. altaicum)

The plant is no higher than 80 cm. Thick, obliquely ascending root (up to 1 cm in diameter) with a rising tip, producing one shoot at a time. Brown, red-violet or dark green stems are straight, often branched, less often ordinary, finely ribbed. At the base, the stem is covered with small girdling scale-like leaves; along its length it is bare or covered with obovate or spatulate, coarsely toothed foliage to the top. The long-petioled basal foliage is elliptical, almost round, and most often dries out during flowering. The diameter of the inflorescence-basket is 5 cm. The species blooms in June and August.

D. Austrian (D. austriacum)

Erect stems, branched closer to the top. Plant height – 70 cm. Basal leaves are ovoid, stem leaves are oblong. It blooms in July with bright yellow flowers 5 cm in diameter.

D. Caucasian, heart-shaped or oriental (D. caucasicum, pardalianches, orientale)

The bush is no higher than 50 cm. The stem leaves are ovate-elliptical, sessile, and the basal leaves on long petioles are ovate-rounded, serrated. Pale yellow, bright flowers on long, solitary peduncles up to 6 cm in diameter.

It blooms from May for 30, 40 days. The fruits ripen in July, after which the bush loses its decorative effect, fades and goes into a dormant state. Varieties:

• Spring Beauty– bushes up to 45 cm in height, double flowers;
• Gold Dwarf– miniature (not higher than 15 cm) variety with an earlier flowering period;
• Little Leo– no higher than 40 cm.

D. clusii

A species with dense pubescence and a thin, short creeping root. The height of the bush does not exceed 40 cm. The leaves are jagged, shaped like the tip of a spear - wide at the base, tapering towards the tip. The entire plant is covered with small, thin hairs; the upper part of the peduncle is most abundantly pubescent. Single basket (5 or 6 cm in diameter) yellow. Blooms in July, August.

D. columnae

Doronicum with a tuberous rhizome forms tall (up to 80 cm), compact bushes. The shoots are weakly branched, the peduncles are almost bare, the flowers are 5 or 6 cm in diameter, bright yellow. Blooms in the first half of June. Gold straus– a variety with more branched stems.

D. plantagineum

Tall doronicum (up to 150 cm). The basal leaves are oval-elliptical, narrowed into an elongated petiole. Flowers are up to 8 cm in diameter, open in May, the flowering period is from 30 to 45 days, then the basal foliage dies off. Forms and varieties:

• excelsium hort.– inflorescences 10 or 12 cm in diameter;
• Miss Mason– low-growing variety, no higher than 60 cm;
• Harpuf Crewe– the height of the bush does not exceed 90 cm.

D. turkestan (D. turkestanicum)

The plant is up to 80 cm high. The stems are strong, single, almost bare, leafy up to half. Under the basket the stem is thickened and densely pubescent. The foliage is lobed or obovate, sometimes round or oblong; closer to the middle of the stem, the leaves become smaller. Inflorescences with a two-row involucre of lanceolate pubescent leaves, solitary, up to 5 cm in diameter. The species blooms in mid-summer (about a month), and may re-bloom in September.

D. oblongifolium

Medium-sized species, up to 60 cm high. Single stem, sinuous, hairy at the apex, thickens closer to the basket, sometimes acquiring a red-violet hue. The basal foliage is long-petiolate, elliptical. The lower stem leaves are obovate, oblong, the upper ones are small, oblong-pointed. Baskets on long peduncles are single (about 5 cm in diameter).

Kozulnik: cultivation and reproduction

Often, even the easiest flowers to grow need your participation, the situation is the same with doronicum! Of course, you can plant it and forget, but in order to fully enjoy all the decorative benefits of the roe deer, follow the following simple rules:

1. give the plant a sunny or slightly shaded place, keeping in mind that plantain plant loves the sun more, and the flowering of other species will last longer in diffuse shade;
2. prepare a place for doronicum with fertile, loose and moist (not waterlogged) soil;
3. choose planting sites away from large trees - they inhibit it, as a result of which the flowering period is significantly reduced;
4. Don’t get carried away with loosening the soil, and weed weeds carefully, most species have a shallow root system. Mulching with wood chips, bark or mowed grass is an excellent alternative to all harmful actions;
5. do not worry about winter shelter - the plant winters well on its own;
6. do not waste time on additional watering - the roe deer practically does not need them, the rainwater that the roots accumulate is enough for it. The exception is extreme heat and a long dry period;
7. cut off the entire above-ground part after flowering, since after flowering, Doronicum goes into a dormant state. At the end of summer, the bushes will grow again; during this period, water and fertilize them (organic matter with a higher proportion of nitrogen), because the roe deer can bloom again;
8. carry out rejuvenation once every 5 years (at the end of August) by dividing the bushes, otherwise the flowers will begin to shrink;
9. Apply complex organomineral fertilizers in the spring; on poor soils it benefits from moderate fertilizing;
10. use biofungicides if powdery mildew appears (which happens quite rarely). Among the dangerous pests are aphids and nematodes, and it is practically useless to fight the latter; the bush will have to be dug up and burned. For preventive purposes, plant marigolds throughout the garden in different places (in small patches).

Reproduction

There are 3 methods of propagation - dividing the bush, root segments with a renewal bud and seed. The first two are held in the first half of autumn. Seeds are sown in open ground in spring or autumn, and for seedlings they are sown in April. Kozulnik reproduces well by self-sowing. A plant grown by seedlings blooms only in the second year.

Doronicum in landscape design

In landscape design, roe deer enjoys the fame of a secondary plant; it perfectly complements the green background of low-growing trees and shrubs, and is suitable for decorating fences and walls of buildings.
In group plantings, it enlivens and adds freshness to compositions, but, unfortunately, doronicum is decorative only during the flowering period, so it is better to discard the option of a single planting. Low-growing species and varieties look great in rockeries.

Kozulnik and its sunny daisies are combined with such perennials as ostrich, speedwell, fern, Rogersia, kochedednik, the tandem of doronicum with pyrethrum and cornflower is especially decorative. Often, gooseberry is planted next to tulips, daffodils, primroses and irises, probably due to the fact that the buds of all these flowers open at the same time.

Kozulnik is a spring-awakening plant with golden flowers that fits perfectly into a rustic country style. Find a place for doronicum on your site, you will definitely fall in love with this wonderful flower - after all, as you have seen, planting and caring for it in the open ground is not a problem at all.