The best glue for parquet boards. Parquet adhesive - types and conditions for monolithic use

Regarding parquet you can often hear the following very useful advice: if you buy it, then it should be of the highest quality possible; Otherwise, it will be very disappointing if such an expensive floor covering has to be replaced soon. The choice of adhesive for parquet should be carried out using the same approach. After all, all the components of a parquet floor - parquet, glue and protective coating - are essentially links in one chain: if one of them turns out to be unreliable, the entire structure will suffer.

In this article we will talk about the types of adhesives for laying parquet, as well as the properties they should have.

Requirements

So let's start with short lecture about what qualities one should have good glue for parquet. There are not so few of them:

Durability: high-quality parquet with a fairly thick front layer at proper care capable of serving for an extremely long time - more than a hundred years. Therefore, the glue should have the same durability.

Plasticity: after hardening, parquet adhesive should retain some mobility, which will allow wooden dies to change in size without stress with changes in temperature and humidity.

The ability to provide strong adhesion to the base: parquet adhesive should perform its main function especially well. Firstly, parquet, like any other flooring, is constantly exposed to stress when people walk; and secondly, this material is also periodically sanded, which is also a good test of the glue’s strength.

No shrinkage: if parquet is glued using glue that shrinks over time, the floor will soon begin to creak.

The amount of water in the composition corresponds to the type of wood: as you know, most types of wood are not friendly with water. So the glue is on water based can only be used for installing parquet that consists entirely of moisture-resistant species, such as oak. Any other one will swell upon contact with water and begin to creak, and possibly rot. In addition, water-based parquet adhesives are not able to provide sufficient adhesion for planks made from tropical trees, rich in oil.

Environmental friendliness.

Today it is extremely important to remember that modern construction and Decoration Materials may release toxic volatile substances into the air. There are many known cases of poisoning caused by fumes from paint, wallpaper paste and even linoleum. Therefore, for gluing parquet, whenever possible, you should use compositions in which harmful substances are absent altogether or are present in minimal quantities.

Types of parquet glue

Also, to answer the question of which adhesive to choose for parquet, you need to know the classification of these products according to chemical composition, more precisely by the type of base. First of all, they are divided into two large groups:

One-component: these adhesives are sold ready-made, so they can be used immediately, which is very convenient.

Two-component (reactive): such glue must be prepared before use, since the hardener for it is packaged separately from the main composition. This makes life a little more difficult for the installer, but two-component adhesives provide much more strong connection than their one-component counterparts, which plays a big role when installing varnished parquet or heavy solid boards. In addition, the compositions of this type prevent damage to wood by mold and mildew, which is especially important for parquet made of beech, ash and fruit trees.

Now let's look at each of the varieties in more detail.

One-component adhesives

Ready-to-use formulations are available the following types: water-dispersed and compositions prepared on the basis of solvents, silane and polyurethane.

Water-dispersed

This is the safest adhesive for parquet, since the fumes it produces do not contain any toxic components. However, due to the presence of water in the composition, it is only suitable for moisture-resistant wood (oak, larch) or for parquet, the dies of which are very small in size.

Coverings made of beech, alder, ash, maple and fruit tree wood should not be glued with a similar composition, since these materials are not only not moisture resistant, but are generally very demanding in terms of humidity conditions.

Exotic species, which are characterized by a pronounced ability to repel water, for example, teak, balau, merbau, will not swell upon contact with this glue, but due to the presence large quantity oils in their structure, the adhesion force may be extremely low - it is recommended to first check the magnitude of the pull-out force.

When purchasing water-based glue, you should pay attention to exactly how much water it contains (its share is indicated as a percentage). The more “watery” the composition turns out to be, the cheaper it will cost, but its adhesive properties will also be worse.

Solvent based adhesives

Compositions of this type can be used for gluing any wood, only the boards should not be too large, otherwise the strength of the connection will be insufficient. Another disadvantage is the evaporation of the solvent, which is not only harmful to health, but also dangerous from the point of view of the possibility of fire.

Therefore, it is advisable to work in a respirator with solvent protection, and smoking and the use of open flames must be avoided. Harmful volatile substances are released by this glue for quite a long time - up to 45 days. During this time, it is advisable to exclude people, especially children, from staying indoors.

The curing time of solvent-based adhesives is relatively long - about 5 days. During this period, it is possible to correct the position of the boards.

Polyurethane glue

This parquet adhesive should be applied to a screed, which can be concrete, cement or anhydrite. The composition is characterized by extremely high tenacity, which is why it is usually used when constructing floors subject to significant loads.

Also glue on polyurethane based is indispensable when installing heated floors (warm floor systems). Hardening time is about 24 hours.

Silane based adhesive

This composition appeared quite recently and today represents the most advanced development. This, in fact, is the answer to the question of which adhesive is best for parquet, and here’s why:

  • silane adhesive does not contain solvent or any other volatile substances harmful substances, therefore it is absolutely safe (the composition hardens as a result of interaction with moisture contained in the air);
  • due to the absence of water in the composition, it can be used when working with any wood;
  • demonstrates the highest adhesion, and on any basis, including screed;
  • after hardening it retains sufficient ductility;
  • can be used in rooms with high humidity and in “warm floor” systems (tolerates temperature fluctuations well);
  • can be easily removed from any surface without leaving a stain;
  • dries very quickly;
  • has sound-absorbing ability.

Silane glue has only one drawback. It is easy to guess that we are talking about high costs.

The zaWood company sells Russian silane-based parquet adhesive. For its production, only European binders are used, so the quality of the glue remains at high level, at a very low price for this segment.

Two-component adhesives

Compositions of this type are also characterized by some diversity. Here's what they are like:

Polyurethane

This glue is very expensive, but it has a number of advantages:

  • retains high ductility after hardening;
  • is environmentally friendly;
  • Suitable for any type of wood.

Epoxy-polyurethane

More available composition, but at the same time less plastic. Another drawback is the presence of harmful fumes with a pungent odor, which is due to the presence of epoxy resin in the composition.

About the manufacturers

The buyer does not have the opportunity to check the quality of the glue, especially in the long term. In such a situation, the best evidence of reliability is the name of the manufacturing company, so it is highly advisable to know several brands that enjoy high consumer confidence.

Bostik parquet adhesives are very well known and popular. This brand produces a whole range of compounds designed for various tasks. Polyvinyl acetate mixture, alcohol, polyurethane and other substances are used as a base. At the same time, all products are of high quality and, if possible, environmentally friendly, and the manufacturer sets prices that are not exorbitant.

The most popular varieties are:

  • Bostik Tarbicol KPA: one-component alcohol-based composition. It is quite durable, which makes it suitable for installing solid boards, and tolerates temperature changes well, so it can be used for gluing parquet onto a heated base.
  • Bostik Tarbicol PU 1 K: one-component composition based on polyurethane. Demonstrates high strength and at the same time it is frost-resistant. There are no solvents in the composition, so this glue does not emit harmful fumes and does not have a sharp unpleasant odor.
  • Bostik Parcol PU 56: two-component polyurethane-based adhesive. It has increased adhesion and provides the connection with ultra-high strength, so it can be used for gluing parquet to bases made of any metal alloy, concrete or cement.
  • Bostik Elastic: glue on polymer based, also environmentally friendly. Designed to work with material up to 23 mm thick and any base. Thanks to its waterproofness, it can simultaneously perform the function of waterproofing.

Another worthy manufacturer of parquet adhesive is the Bona Bond company. Its chemists managed to develop a water-dispersion composition in which the water content is greatly reduced.

Polyurethane adhesive for Bona parquet, which is available in both one-component and two-component versions, is also in good demand.

How is parquet glued?

A truly high-quality installation of parquet can only be done on a completely dry screed. Therefore, if it was completed recently, it is necessary to postpone the continuation of work for a month - usually this time is enough for complete drying.

First, steam and waterproofing are laid on top of the screed. As the latter, you can use plywood, which is glued using the same parquet glue. For reliability, it is additionally screwed on with screws. Before this operation, the screed will need to be primed. Another option is to use bitumen mastic as waterproofing. In this case, there is no need to prime the screed.

Parquet board is a multi-layer coating in which a lamella of wood is used as the front surface. valuable breed wood, and all other layers are made from cheaper wood, for example, coniferous species. Parquet flooring can be laid in a floating manner with a board thickness of 14 mm or glued to the base. In the latter case, special glue is required for parquet board. It should provide a sufficiently strong and elastic seam that will not deform the floor covering. Right choice glue guarantees the beauty and durability of parquet floors. Because styling glue method possible on a wooden base or screed; when choosing an adhesive, this point must be taken into account.

What requirements must the glue meet?


Eat General requirements, which the adhesive must correspond to for installing parquet boards on screed or plywood:

  • Since the service life of a parquet floor can be several decades, adhesive composition During this period it must provide strong adhesion to the base.
  • Parquet boards, like any wood products, are capable of expanding and contracting slightly due to changes in humidity and air temperature in the room. That is why the adhesive seam must have good elasticity in order to allow the possibility of deformation changes in the material.
  • Adhesive for parquet boards should not shrink. Otherwise, this may lead to squeaking of the floor covering.
  • Adhesive compositions should not contain a lot of water. Otherwise, it can be absorbed into the boards, especially at the joints, and cause them to swell and deform the coating.
  • When laid using adhesive method on screed or plywood, the composition should not emit toxic volatile compounds after hardening. Otherwise, it can harm the health of people living in the house.

Tip: for sticking to cement screed the glue must ensure good adhesion, because sometimes the surface of such bases is fragile.

Types of glue for parquet boards

If you decide to glue a parquet board rather than lay it in a “floating” way, then choose the adhesive composition taking into account the base and the type of wood from which the flooring is made. Available for sale special adhesives, suitable for installation only on a screed or only on a wooden base, as well as universal compositions that can be used on both a screed and a plywood base. You can glue parquet boards using dispersion, one-component (solvent-based) and two-component adhesive compositions.

Water-dispersion adhesives


Such adhesive compositions are very popular in Europe. They are valued for their lack of odor when applied and their environmental friendliness. However, the glue contains water, which evaporates during the hardening process and can cause deformation of the wood. That is why the installation of parquet boards using such glue is only permissible for products made from moisture-resistant wood species (larch, oak and some oily exotic species). It can only be glued to a base made of moisture-resistant plywood.

Glue is best used for multi-layer parquet boards. However, its use is unacceptable for products made from fruit wood (pear, apple, cherry), as well as beech, alder, maple and ash, which do not tolerate moisture well. In addition, the thickness of the board is no less important. The composition is suitable for products with a thickness of at least 10 mm. Dispersion mixtures are not suitable for very thin boards. Another condition for using glue is the untreated surface of the board.

Important: gluing varnished boards (even from moisture-resistant wood) onto dispersion mixtures is prohibited. A thick varnish layer will not allow moisture to evaporate from the board.

The price of water-dispersion adhesive depends on the percentage of water. The more water, the lower the cost. However, for parquet boards it is better to choose compositions with a minimum moisture content. Usually these are universal mixtures suitable for gluing moisture-resistant parquet boards onto a screed and a moisture-resistant plywood base.

The advantage of water-based glue: reasonable price, harmless.


Disadvantage: limited scope of use (only for moisture-resistant products) and long setting time (5-7 days).

Popular water-dispersion compositions:

  • Swiss glue BONA B-720. The cost of a can weighing 22 kg is 106.6 USD. Consumption – 1000-1400 g/m². The percentage of water is only 22%, which makes it possible to glue parquet boards made of oak, larch and other non-fruit wood species onto a base made of moisture-resistant plywood.
  • The Finnish adhesive composition Kiilto Standard contains 36% water, so it is only suitable for products made of oak and larch. The price of a can weighing 17 kg is 93.6 USD. Consumption – 600-1200 g/m².
  • No less popular vinyl glue water-based Tarbicol KP 5. The composition is suitable for products with a thickness of no more than 0.15 cm. main feature this mixture can be used in heated floors. The cost of a can weighing 20 kg is $70. Consumption – 700-900 g/m².

One-component solvent-based formulations

Laying parquet boards with solvent-based adhesives takes less time because the adhesive sets faster than water-based mixtures. For installation on this glue you can use a parquet board made of different breeds wood, because the mixture does not contain water. The base can be cement screed or ordinary plywood. One-component mixtures provide better adhesion to the base.

Advantages of installation using solvent adhesives:

  • the composition can be used with products made from any type of wood;
  • good adhesion to the base;
  • the glue has good fluidity, which allows you to adjust the position of the boards during installation;
  • the mixture does not harden in air for a quarter of an hour, which greatly facilitates its use.

The most popular type of one-component composition is polyurethane-based adhesive. These mixtures are suitable for installing boards no more than 17.5 cm thick on a wooden base or cement screed. The main advantages of the polyurethane composition:

  • all one-component mixtures are immediately ready for use (they do not need to be pre-mixed or prepared);
  • glue consumption is low due to the high elasticity of the mixture;
  • the composition hardens due to the absorption of moisture from the air, and therefore does not have an unpleasant odor;
  • glue does not deform wood products;
  • Installation on such an adhesive composition allows you to increase the noise absorption of the coating.

However, one-component formulations also have disadvantages. This is an increased fire hazard and toxicity due to the use of solvents. The technology for using the composition requires special rules for handling fire and hot objects in the room where parquet flooring is being installed using one-component adhesive. Another drawback is the high price.

Commonly used solvent-based mixtures for gluing parquet boards:

  1. Composition based on synthetic resins UZIN-MK 73. It is suitable for gluing multi-layer parquet boards onto cement and wooden bases. The adhesive can be used on heated floors. The cost of a can weighing 25 kg is 121 USD. Consumption – 800-1200 g/m².
  2. Ansercoll glue is made on the basis of organic solvents. It is environmentally friendly and safe. Composition upon contact with wooden surface does not cause changes in the color and structure of the product. Using this glue you can install parquet flooring on a cement screed or a rough layer of wood materials. The price of a 23 kg can is $50. Consumption – 800-1500 g/m².
  3. Adhesive composition on alcohol based Tarbicol KPA is suitable for laying parquet boards with a thickness of 15 to 22 mm. The surface of the product can be untreated or varnished. The price for a container weighing 21 kg is 36 USD. Consumption – 600-1200 g/m². The technology of using glue allows for laying parquet boards on concrete, cement, wood and tile bases.

Two-component mixtures

These compositions acquire adhesive properties after adding a hardener to the initial mixture. That is why the second name of these adhesive mixtures– reactive. Bonding occurs due to chemical reaction between two components. The glue contains neither water nor solvents, so it is used when the use of other adhesives is impossible. Two-component composition provides excellent adhesion to the base, therefore suitable for parquet boards of considerable thickness. It can be used for boards with varnish protective coating. The price of glue is the highest among all compositions.

To prepare the glue, you must use a mixer. Ready mix applied using a spatula. The mixture can be used for gluing parquet boards to cement screeds and bases made of wood materials. Advantages of two-component adhesive: fast setting (the adhesive hardens in 1-2 days), the composition provides the most durable fixation of the floor covering among all adhesive mixtures.


Disadvantages: during the application process, the glue releases toxic compounds, so work is carried out in protective equipment; the high price of these mixtures is a significant drawback.

Correctly selected adhesive for parquet on a concrete screed, as well as compliance with the installation algorithm, will allow you to obtain a strong, stable and durable coating. There are several ways to install parquet flooring concrete base: with and without plywood backing. What are their differences and in what cases can you not do without a plywood layer? More on this below.

As in any other matter, laying parquet on a concrete screed has its own rules and subtleties.

The first and basic rule is that parquet is laid on a concrete screed only with a sufficient level of preparation of the latter. This means that installation can begin no earlier than a month after pouring the concrete floor.

The second and no less important rule is that steam and waterproofing layers must be placed between the concrete base and the parquet board. An additional plus is the installation of a layer of insulation.

Rule three - during the installation of parquet flooring, it is allowed to use bitumen mastic, playing the role of a primer and waterproofing at the same time. The parquet board is attached to a layer of glue, selected to compensate for the difference in linear expansion of the material, base and screed.

It's better to take your time and do everything right than to regret the result in the future

What adhesive mixtures are used?

The adhesive on the market for parquet on concrete screed differs in composition and characteristics. The following varieties are distinguished:

  1. Dispersive.
  2. Solvent based.
  3. Reactive hardening.

Dispersion compositions are distinguished by their affordable price and high hardening speed. For laying parquet boards or piece parquet This type of glue is not suitable for bases with exotic wood. But for classic options- beech and oak - quite.

The mixture dries in no more than five days, and this period is considered the maximum. After the glue under the material has dried, a few days later you can proceed to the final stage of finishing.

You cannot treat the surface of a parquet floor immediately after installing it with glue.

Mixtures in the base with a solvent allow you to quickly make changes to the actions within 25 minutes after fixing the board. The glue also dries in no more than 3-5 days, after which you can sand the floor.

Reactive hardening adhesive is the most modern version, is expensive and is created on the basis of one-component or two-component polyurethane glue. The mixture is suitable for installing both parquet boards and parquet, regardless of the type of wood. You can proceed to final surface treatment after two days.

How to properly attach a board to a screed with glue

In order for laying parquet boards with glue to meet expectations not only in terms of the aesthetics of the finished coating, but also in terms of practicality, durability and functionality, you must follow the installation rules.

In addition, before starting work, it is necessary to calculate the amount of material for the flooring, assuming a small reserve in advance. The minimum reserve is considered to be 3% of the parquet board and this is when using simple option laying - deck. Before installation, the material is delivered to the site at least 2 days in advance, without unpacking, giving the tree time to adapt to the new conditions.

Depending on the floor configuration, the parquet stock can reach 15%

The adhesive mixture is selected depending on the requirements for drying speed and quality of fastening, taking into account the cost and manufacturer.

So, laying on a screed with your own hands will require the use of the following tools:

  • hacksaws;
  • hammer;
  • roulette;
  • hammer drill;
  • spatula (with a serrated surface);
  • restrictive wedges;
  • tamping block.

You will also need materials:

  • parquet board;
  • plywood (provided a plywood backing is installed);
  • adhesive sealant;
  • nails;
  • parquet glue.

It is advisable to study the entire installation process in advance and select the necessary tools.

The installation process is carried out in the following order (consider the option of laying on plywood):

  1. A layer of glue is applied to the concrete screed (must be dry, clean and level) with a spatula, after which sheets of plywood are laid, additionally securing them with screws at 32 points, moving from the center.
  2. The installation of the sheets is carried out staggered, filling the voids with sealant and not forgetting about the 5 mm gap at the walls.
  3. The first row of parquet boards is glued using restrictive wedges. Optimal size gaps - 10 mm from the wall.
  4. The adhesive mixture is re-applied to the plywood base and the ends of the parquet board, gluing them together and additionally securing them with nails.
  5. To achieve maximum adhesion, the boards are pressed to the floor with maximum force, and excess glue is carefully removed with a dry rag.
  6. Each subsequent row is shifted relative to the previous one by half the board.
  7. Using a level, check the evenness of the laid surface.

After installation is completed, the floor is left for the period recommended by the manufacturer of the adhesive used in the process. Only after the coating has been thoroughly strengthened do they proceed to sanding it, treating it with oil or varnish and other manipulations at the final stage of installing the floor.

Laying parquet using the deck method

Installation method without plywood - features

It is not always necessary to glue parquet onto a screed using a layer of plywood. The boards can be attached directly to the concrete base. Naturally, it must be completely ready to carry out such work:

  • perfectly smooth;
  • clean;
  • dry;
  • no elevation changes.

The dies are attached using the same glue, but this time the stage of priming the base becomes mandatory. The planks are laid out (the first two rows are enough) in the order in which they will be mounted, after which the base is treated with glue using a notched trowel prepared in advance. The first board is fixed with a gap of 6-12 mm from the wall. Next, using a tamping block, secure the next one, pressing it tightly to the floor.

As soon as the first row of parquet boards is laid, the last block is trimmed, starting the next row. During the installation process, constantly use a level to control the evenness of the surface, making sure that no gaps form between the dies or rows. After finishing the work, the seams are processed acrylic sealant and leave the floor for a period of two to five days (depending on the adhesive used) before sanding begins.

Installation of parquet boards, unlike installation of piece parquet, takes less time

Laying parquet - a method without plywood

Block parquet, just like boards, can be attached directly to a prepared concrete base without a plywood backing. In this case, you will be able to save time, money and effort, since you will need half as much glue and fasteners.

Why was the technology of laying parquet and boards on plywood sheets developed? Its roots go to Soviet times, when in most typical apartments the subfloor was built on wooden joists And wooden floors with bitumen backfill and hardboard on top.

Tens of years have passed since then and the foundation has been transformed to sand-cement screed with a layer of fixed plywood. With the advent of truly strong and reliable adhesive mixtures, it became possible installation parquet directly onto the screed without plywood.

Considering that the material has small sizes and ideal geometry, the laying of block parquet is carried out without any particular difficulties and defects in the form of cracks and gaps. After finishing The block parquet floor is smooth and reliable. Attach the boards to the base using glue. Nails and plywood can be used to strengthen the joint, but this is not necessary. The principle of laying parquet is similar to the principle of installing parquet boards with glue.

At the final stage, after the glue has dried, the surface of the parquet is sanded manually or with a special machine (can be rented), the cracks are puttied, and sanded again. The finished surface is primed and coated with a layer of varnish or oil, depending on the owner’s choice. Varnish coating will protect the floor from moisture, mechanical damage, add aesthetics to it and extend its service life.

Block parquet is laid with glue in the same way as parquet boards

The situation is somewhat different with massive board. In terms of geometry and parameters, it is not as ideal as strips of block parquet, so installation on a screed without plywood is only possible with additional tightening and fixation with nails, which means using a plywood backing.

One way or another, regardless of the chosen method of fastening the parquet board or piece parquet, you need to remember that natural wood requires compliance with temperature and humidity conditions in the room. Neglecting these requirements will lead to a violation of its performance characteristics, and even the strongest glue together with nails will not save the situation.

Many who want to lay parquet themselves often wonder what kind of base they should lay on.

The two most common methods are:

  1. On a substrate / floating method (plywood is glued to the concrete base, then parquet flooring is laid on the plywood).
  2. With glue (the parquet flooring is glued directly to the concrete base).
  3. There is also a method of laying parquet using multimol(s) - when a special layer is laid between the concrete base and the parquet covering synthetic material– multimol(s), this method is not widely used, so it will not be touched upon by us.

Each method of laying parquet has its pros and cons.

Let's look at the nuances of laying parquet with glue directly to the concrete base:

  • When laying parquet with glue, we get a stable floor that does not knock or drum underfoot, and there is no risk of squeaks occurring over time.
  • Such a floor can be loaded with massive objects.
  • Minimal sound reflection – noise and sounds are dampened.
  • It is possible to install a parquet board in a continuous field throughout the entire apartment without thresholds and transitions only by gluing it to the base. Or perhaps install in doorways compensation cork thresholds that do not protrude in height. With this approach, it becomes possible to create a flat floor surface without the use of protruding overhead thresholds.

Photo of laying block parquet on concrete

The nuances of parquet flooring laid in a floating manner (on plywood / on a substrate):

  • With this method of installation, the parquet floor cannot be loaded with massive pieces of furniture, since the floor must remain floating (i.e., move and breathe).
  • In a room with a floating floor, sound bounces off the floor surface and back into the room.
When laying a parquet floor on a substrate, the rooms are strictly cut off in doorways, and at the joints floor coverings an overhead threshold is installed so as not to squeeze the parquet to the base. Under no circumstances should you glue the threshold at the junction with the parquet board!

Obviously, laying parquet flooring on a concrete base is a better option than laying it on plywood. Laying parquet on a concrete base is best handled by