Buy walnut stain. Stain - rules for applying the composition and tips for high-quality tinting of wood (110 photos)

Wood stain is a unique composition for wood processing. Many people mistakenly believe that with the help of stain you can give the material its appearance. But in fact, wood stain, which impresses with its diversity, allows you to complement any interior with richness and uniqueness. appearance.

Composition characteristics

With the help of modern stains you can easily imitate different types of wood. There are a variety of shades to choose from on the construction market. But stain is not only used to create a perfect appearance. The product is an indispensable antiseptic, thanks to which the product is made from natural wood lasts much longer. The composition reliably protects against rotting, microorganisms, fungi and insects.

There are different types of stains:

Water. It is in great demand due to its composition. In a specialized store you can purchase a ready-made solution or powder, which is simply mixed with water during operation. The color palette of water stain is impressively diverse. It can easily be selected according to individual wishes in accordance with the interior. The advantages of the material for processing wooden surfaces are environmental friendliness and safety for people, environment, ease of application, economical in consumption, reasonable cost and many shades.

The disadvantages of this type of composition are the interaction with the structure of the wood, which opens the way for moisture penetration, and a long drying period. This unnecessary phenomenon can be eliminated by treating the surface with a special varnish. Water-based wood stain can be used on.

Alcohol, which is applied using spray guns. When working with a brush, it is almost impossible to achieve an even application - this is its main drawback. In addition, alcohol stain is not available in a variety of colors and dries quickly when applied.
Oily. This is a material that is produced in a variety of colors. IN oil based You can dissolve almost any pigment. It does not affect the wood, it is simply applied and lies flat, and dries quickly.
Wax acrylic , which can be purchased in any color. The composition spreads evenly on the wooden surface, is a first-class protector of the material, and perfectly highlights the structure of the wood. This stain is used if necessary.

But it is worth remembering that no matter what type of composition is used, after performing staining procedures the product must be treated with a special varnish. It will help give the work a finished look, become a reliable fixative for the substance and allow it to delight you with its impeccable appearance for many years. Using a unique composition, you can create a natural pattern and highlight the advantages of wood.

Rules for choosing stain color

The most the best way Determining color is, naturally, applying stain to a small board. The fact is that the composition manifests itself differently on different woods.

If this is not possible, then when choosing, experts recommend following:

name of the tone. It is worth remembering that the manufacturer is obliged to indicate the color in accordance with the international classification, but nevertheless, the tone will vary depending on the wood. different type, saturation and depth;
type of wood, which will be amenable to processing. After dyeing, natural material can acquire completely new shades and absorb the composition - this is worth remembering;

quality of the composition. The same stains from different manufacturers may look different on natural material. Therefore, you should not give preference to dubious companies offering a low cost of the substance;
composition density. With a low density of the composition, the stain is very absorbed into the wood, especially soft rocks. As a result of processing it is impossible to obtain .

It is worth remembering that even with the same tone, stains from different manufacturers can have completely different shades. If a large scale of work is planned, professionals recommend purchasing compounds from one manufacturer. Wood stain, the price of which is reasonable, allows you to create the most sophisticated design. Moreover, it is a classic that is timeless. And even after many years, painted wooden surface will have a beautiful and, most importantly, current look.

Methods of applying stain

Material of any tone can be applied using a brush, swab or spray gun. The method of applying the coloring composition depends on:

the size of the area that needs to be processed. If you need to paint a small surface, you can safely use a swab. For large areas it is recommended to use a spray gun or brush;
varieties of stain. For example, alcohol mixtures are applied only using a sprayer. Other types of substances can be applied depending on the area.

If you are working with wood and need to give it a certain color, then you will definitely need a stain. Today, there are several types of stains that differ in composition. In stores you can find the following types of stains:

aquatic;
alcohol;
oil;
nitromordants.

Let's take a closer look at each type of stain.

1. Water stain- this is the most common type. Makes it possible to paint wood in any tone: from the lightest “pine” color to dark mahogany. It exists in liquid and dry form. Liquid water stain can be used immediately, but dry powder must first be mixed with warm water.

This type of stain has almost no odor, which is big advantage, if wood staining occurs indoors. But it takes quite a long time to dry - within 12-14 hours. In addition, water stain can raise the wood pile during staining, and this leads to the fact that the wood needs to be sanded after staining.

Of all the water stains, acrylic stains are distinguished separately, which are based on acrylic resin. They have increased resistance to fading, are not washed out by water and raise wood fibers much less. However, they have one drawback - their high price.

2. Alcohol stain is a solution of various aniline dyes in alcohol (denatured alcohol). After applying the stain, the coloring substances penetrate into the wood texture, and the alcohol evaporates. This type of stain dries quite quickly - in 15-20 minutes. That is why it must be applied very quickly to prevent stains and washouts. Uniform staining with alcohol stain is achieved by using a spray gun to spray it.

3. Nitromordant- stain made on the basis of solvents. The principle of action is similar to alcohol stain. Apply quickly and using a sprayer.

4. Oil stain- a mixture of dyes and oil (most often linseed). This type of stain is applied easily and evenly. Oil stain does not lift fibers. The coloring agents of oil stain have high light fastness, which allows the surface to long years maintain its brightness and original appearance. You can apply oil stain with a spray gun, a wide brush or a rag. Oil stain dries in 2-4 hours.

Choice of stain color.

Each stain color has its own code, which corresponds to the international classification, and a name that matches the type of wood whose color the stain copies. For example, stain "Chestnut", " Walnut" or "Cherry". But it is very short-sighted to choose a stain only by its name or picture on the label, as an unexpected result may result. There are special reasons for this:

1. If stains of the same color and code were made by different manufacturers, then they can have different shades. For example, the water stain “Larch” manufactured by “Tsaritsyn Paints” has a pinkish-brown tint, and “Larch” produced by “Novbytkhim” has a soft yellow color. Various stores have samples that have been painted with different stains. Such samples will convey the color of the stain much more accurately than the picture on the label.

2. Natural color, structure and density of wood can also affect the result staining. For example, stain on mahogany will look much darker than on maple (if the stain used was the same tone). This is because mahogany wood has a darker shade than maple wood.

The same test with pine and maple samples will demonstrate that pine wood stains faster and more intensely. Pine has softer and more porous wood, while maple is dense and hard. For this reason dyes it is easier to penetrate pine wood.

The texture of the wood also affects the degree of staining. Oak has a pronounced structure, so it quickly darkens from staining, as coloring substances penetrate into the recesses of the veins. But the main part of oak wood, which is outside the veins, is colored more slowly and not so brightly.

Methods for applying stain.

To paint wood with stain, you can use a spray gun (nozzle size 1.5 mm or less), a wide brush (100 mm wide), a foam swab or a rag. For processing large area It's better to use a spray gun. It is also used when working with nitrimorls and alcohol stains, since they dry out very quickly, and when using brushes or swabs, stains appear on the surface of the wood.

Brushes, swabs and rags are perfect for working with water and oil stains. Brushes with natural bristles are suitable for oil stains, and brushes with synthetic bristles are suitable for water stains. The bristles of the brush should be strong and should not leave behind hairs on the surface of the wood.

If fabrics or tampons are used to work with stain, they should be cotton or foam rubber. They should not leave behind lint and threads, which may remain on the painted surface and thereby reduce the quality of the coating.

Preparation for applying stain: making a color test.

After purchasing stains, but before starting the coloring itself, it would be useful to make a color sample. Its necessity is that it will help you understand whether a given stain is suitable for the surface. In addition, the test will allow you to find out what color you will end up with and will help you decide on the number of layers to apply.

To make a color test, you will need a board treated in exactly the same way as the wood that is to be painted. Undoubtedly, the type of wood of the sample must coincide with the main surface.

The board is covered with one layer of stain. After drying, a second layer is applied to 2/3 of the sample. The third layer is applied to 1/3 of the board. After the stain has dried, the board is coated with two layers of varnish. By comparing the brightness of the color of each part of the sample board, the optimal number of layers for a certain surface is selected.

To choose best option, you need to do several test stains. Several boards are painted with different stains and after that the final choice is made.

Treating wood before applying stain.

Before applying stain, the wood must be prepared. There are several processing stages:

1. First you need to remove the old coating, if any. This is done by scraping and sanding the boards. This process will not only remove the old coating, but also level the wooden surface.

2. Clean the surface from grease and oil stains. To do this you need to wipe problem areas a rag that has been soaked in white spirit or gasoline.

3. Coniferous wood must be deresined before staining. It is necessary to remove resin from the wood structure, which may interfere stain absorption. There are several types of solutions for degumming:

Dissolve 50 g of potassium carbonate and 60 g of soda ash in 1 liter of water heated to 60 degrees.

In 1 l warm water dissolve 50 g of caustic soda. Treat the surface with the resulting soda solution.

Mix 750 ml of distilled water with 250 g of acetone.

Any of these solutions must be applied to the surface of the wood in several layers. After 30 minutes, wipe the wood with a cotton cloth and rinse with warm water.

Stages of painting a wooden surface with stain.

If the wooden surface is properly prepared for painting, then the procedure for applying stain will be quite simple. It is performed in the following steps:

1. First, the stain needs to be warmed up a little to increase its penetration into the wood.

2. A brush, rag or swab is moistened with stain. Do not under any circumstances allow excessive moisture, as drips may appear and the coloring will become uneven. If a sprayer is used, the stain is poured into the tank.

3. The stain is applied along the wood fibers. It is necessary to apply the stain quickly and without interruption to avoid stains. If drips appear, the surface should be wiped with a cloth, collecting excess liquid along the fibers. Then the surface is left until the stain dries completely.

4. Similarly, several more layers of stain are applied in order to obtain desired shade(usually 2-3 layers).

5. Then the surface stained, varnished in several layers. Each intermediate layer is sanded with fine-grained sandpaper.

Staining wood - effective method finishing, allowing you to emphasize its beauty and give the material the desired shade. Wood stains (stains), unlike paints, do not form an opaque layer on the surface of the wood, but penetrate inside it (as if fused). In this way, plain furniture made from cheap wood can be given a noble look.

What should you pay attention to when choosing a fighter?

The chosen material - oak, ash, walnut, etc.) may not look the same from different companies. Therefore, you should trust the visual impression, and not the inscription on the package.

It should be taken into account that manufacturers, as a rule, provide color samples on boards of inexpensive wood (for example, pine), and in finished product made from a different material, the treated surface will look completely different. This is because different types of wood have different densities and structures. They also differ chemical composition elements. When applying the same stain, mahogany will look more almost unchanged in color (it is a very dense material), while poplar and oak will darken. At the same time, porous poplar will change color very quickly (it absorbs a lot of stain), and a distinct wood pattern will appear on oak, because it has a clearly defined structure.

In addition to the type of wood, the result will depend on the quality of the item. Therefore, before processing, you should definitely test the stain on invisible areas of all materials used.

Treated with stain whole pieces wood will appear darker than plywood of the same type of wood. This must be taken into account when producing combined furniture. This problem can often be overcome by applying additional layers of dye in certain areas.

What types of beys are there?

Wood stains, like paints, are divided into two types depending on their purpose: for indoor and outdoor use. The latter include a pigment that does not fade under the influence of UV irradiation.

Paste-like (gels), powdered stains and stains are available on sale in the form of ready-made solutions.

In terms of their composition, they can be: aqueous, acrylic, alcohol, oil, chemical, wax.

Water stain for wood: advantages and disadvantages

In rooms, it is most often necessary to use a dye without a strong odor. In such cases, fighters are used on water based. In addition, it is advisable to use these compositions when painting products with which contact is possible. food products or children.

Advantages of water stains:

No smell;
- harmlessness to human health when working with them;
- savings (no need to purchase solvent).

Flaws:

Relatively low color intensity;
- long drying time (about 12-14 hours);
- rise of pile on wood after applying stain. After the dye has dried, the surface must be sanded.

Acrylic stains: price differences

A modern type of water stain is acrylic stain. They are emulsions made on the basis of These compositions have a wider color palette(compared to conventional water-based stains) and are more resistant to fading. The only drawback that acrylic wood stain has is the price. If a water-based stain in a 500 ml plastic bottle can be purchased at a price of 12 rubles (on average - about 50 rubles), then the minimum cost of an acrylic analogue is 310 rubles. Water stain in a 200-liter barrel costs 4,800 rubles, and non-water stain (a 20-liter “euro bucket”) costs 1,710 rubles.

The nuances of applying stain

1. Material from coniferous species wood, such as spruce or pine, must first be deresined, because the resinous layers poorly absorb the dye and hardly change their color.

2. Before applying water stain, it is recommended to moisten the surface, since wet wood absorbs the dye better.

3. Wood stains penetrate into the material differently along and across the fibers. Longitudinal application of dye is more often used.

4. To tint wood, spray guns, brushes, rollers, and swabs made of fabric or foam rubber are used.

5. The dye tends to settle quickly. Therefore, when painting large areas, it is necessary to have in a separate container as much solution as is enough to cover the entire surface, while the composition must be stirred frequently during work.

6. If powdered stain is used, it must be dissolved in soft water, preferably distilled (according to the instructions on the package). Hard water can be softened by boiling or adding 1 teaspoon of baking soda per 1-2 liters of liquid.

7. To obtain a darker color, use a solution with a higher concentration.

8. If the coloring composition turns out to be cloudy, it should be filtered using filter paper, cotton wool or thick fabric.

9. Before staining, the surface to be painted should be thoroughly sanded and cleaned: remove oil stains with gasoline or other solvent, traces - hot water, dust - with a brush or rag.

10. Drips should be avoided because they are difficult to get rid of later. The dried layer of wood stain is very stable, and it can be completely removed from the wood only by sanding the surface.

11. During processing vertical planes The coloring composition should be applied from bottom to top.

12. If the stain is heated before use, it will penetrate deeper into the wood.

13. To achieve the desired result, stain can not only be directly applied to the surface, but also added to varnishes, primers, and the like.

Formation of stains during staining and how to avoid it

This problem is due to the uneven density of the tree. For certain types of wood (such as walnut and mahogany), the mottled color can be attractive. But in most cases, spontaneously formed stains spoil the product. This defect can be avoided if you use a special conditioner, a layer of which will close the pores and prevent the stain from penetrating deep into the material. After treatment with conditioner, you should use a coloring gel that has the ability not to spread, but to lay down in an even layer.

To obtain the required shade of stain different color from the same manufacturer can be mixed with each other. In addition, the tone can be changed if another wood stain is applied to the painted wood, the price of which may differ from the cost of the stain used to process the first layer. This way you can save on purchasing a second expensive package of dye and expand the range of shades for tinting wood.

Wood stain is very popular and is designed to give various wood products aesthetics and decorativeness, change their tone and emphasize texture, and most importantly, to increase their service life. This can be achieved by the antiseptic properties of stains. There are also wood stains that can protect the treated surface from insect pests, mold and mildew.

This article discusses in detail not only what stain is, but also its main types, properties, advantages, and why it is needed.

Depending on the purpose and composition, wood stain has the following advantages over a number of other paints and varnishes:

Possibility of combining shades (for example, dark colors, walnut or pine, light colors, black, etc.).
Coating with stains strengthens the structure of the material.
Increasing the service life of products.
Partially imparting moisture resistance to lumber.
Makes it possible to both give the wood a noble shade and get another color scheme(there are the most various colors stains).
Preservation of wood structure.

The main advantage of this tinting composition is deep penetration inside the wood. This allows you to preserve the wood texture. Therefore, the answers to the questions about what is better – stains or varnishes, and what stain is needed for, become obvious.

Color palette

There are different colors of wood stain, and it is very difficult to answer the question of how to choose the most suitable one. This material allows you to add almost any shade to wood products. For example, black stain is very popular, which allows you to give the surface the appearance of a black mirror. It is recommended to polish the base before applying it.

Gray stain makes it possible to avoid highlighting the treated product from the overall interior. It is worth painting with it only if the walls and textiles in the interior are bright. Gray can cause depression, and products in this color will look too faded and gray.

Psychologists advise choosing a green stain ( colored stain), since this shade evokes positive emotions. Green color suitable for surface treatment various items interior Blue stain allows you to get a very expressive look to the finished product. Choose it to combine with yellow and white tones.

There are more natural wood stain colors on the market. But there is a colorless impregnation that allows you to preserve the surface in its natural color.

Main types

Impregnation for wood varies depending on the composition. Let's look at the most common types of stains:

Water-based stains. Water stain can be powder (water-soluble) and in the form ready-made compositions. It is an environmentally friendly product (regardless of external factors there are no harmful fumes or smell), and it also has a rich range of colors. If necessary, the product can be easily washed off with water, so it is recommended to apply an additional protective layer (for example, varnish). The main disadvantage is the raising of wood fibers, as a result of which the product becomes more vulnerable to moisture (non-aqueous impregnation is used to eliminate this disadvantage). Water stains for wood are most widespread.

Alcohol compositions. Available ready-to-use or in dry form (the powder must be diluted). Designed to protect wood from moisture and ultraviolet radiation. This impregnation dries quickly enough, which avoids raising the pile and swelling of the wood.

Oil formulations. The composition of the stain includes dyes soluble in drying oil and oils. Impregnations of this group can be applied using any method and tool. They do not fill the wood with additional moisture and do not lift the fibers. The variety of colors of wood stains for this group, if desired, allows you to achieve any shade by simply adding dyes.

Acrylic mixtures. Acrylic-based impregnations are an environmentally friendly, child-safe and fire-resistant product. Acrylic stain is great for all types of wood and dries very quickly.

Wax stains. Allows you to process painted surfaces. Wax-based impregnations reliably protect the treated surface from moisture. It is important to know that wax stain cannot be used before coating wood with two-component varnishes.

On the video: rules for choosing stain.

Application methods

There are four main ways to apply stain:

Rubbing painting. The composition is applied to the surface, after which it is rubbed over the entire area. Recommended for use when processing porous wood species.
Sputtering. When staining wood by spraying, a manual or automatic sprayer is used as a tool for applying stain.
Processing with a foam roller. This method avoids the formation of streaks and helps to distribute the mixture evenly over the entire surface.
Wood processing paint brush . The method allows you to obtain a deeper and richer color of wood, but is not suitable for all types of impregnation.

Before painting a surface with stain, it is necessary to remove old coatings from it, and then degrease it better.
The surface made of coniferous species (for example, pine) must be deresined.
It is necessary to paint wood with stain and remove excess only in the direction of the wood structure.
It is recommended to cover the surface with 2-3 layers, while for the first layer a small volume of the mixture should be used.
After the first layer has dried, the surface must be sanded and the raised lint removed, and then, if necessary, apply subsequent layers (each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried).

The approximate drying time for oil-based impregnations is about three days, and for water-based and solvent impregnations - 2-3 hours (depending on how many layers were applied). It is recommended to divide large areas of the surface to be treated into small areas and paint them in stages. To avoid the possibility of defects forming on the surface, the composition must be diluted. A solvent is used for this.

For water impregnations water is used; for oil paints, paint solvents are used. Also, before starting work, the surface can be coated with Latek L 601 putty.

Plywood stains perform a purely decorative function. Therefore, if you are in doubt about whether to choose stain or varnish, it is recommended to use them in combination. Before covering the surface of the plywood, it must be moistened, and it is recommended to heat the mixture itself.

After covering the wood with stain, it should be treated with varnish (layers should be very thin to avoid the possibility of smudges). The tool you can use is a brush, roller or sponge. Wood varnish will enhance the protective properties of the impregnation. By following these recommendations, you can easily stain wood at home.

Defects and their elimination

Carry out staining wooden furniture it is necessary to be extremely careful, otherwise there is a high possibility of the formation of defects that are quite difficult to eliminate. But if you know how to get rid of them correctly, then there shouldn’t be any problems.

The main defect is the formation of streaks. They arise as a result of applying large quantity mixture and its subsequent rapid drying. In this case, it is necessary to remove the layer of impregnation applied to the wood, then apply a new layer on it, which will soften it, and then remove excess impregnation with a rag.

After the wood stain has completely dried, it can be removed using paint solvents. Before that upper layer can be removed with sandpaper or a plane, since the solvent is not able to remove all the pigment.

You can choose a special remover that will remove the excess layer of coating impregnation from the wood. You can use a hair dryer in combination with a scraper and brush - sometimes this is better than washing.

The most difficult defect is spotting of the product. To remove it, the painted area is treated with a plane (this defect is not washed off with a solvent). In plywood, all face veneer must be removed. To avoid staining, it is better to use a gel stain or first apply a test layer on an unwanted piece of wood to see how the coating behaves on the desired surface. It is worth remembering that the impregnation must be stored in a place away from children.

I started looking for stain. A plan of action matured in my head, and the final imaginary result was drawn; for these purposes, a dark-colored water-based stain was needed.

I started my search in my favorite construction hypermarket; there were several types of stains and different price category, but generally inexpensive. I chose a stain from Vershina LLC in walnut color.

The stain is water-based, which means it should have absolutely no odor, which means you can work indoors without fear of introducing a chemical aroma to yourself and those around you. I opened the bottle, poured the liquid into a jar and was glad that there was no smell, because I also came across smelly water-based stains, and yes, this happens.

The bench was made from untreated pine, it was pre-sanded, cleaned of dust and then I proceeded to cover it with stain.

The liquid is dark, liquid like water, absorbed well, but in some places the surface was stained more strongly, which depended on the characteristics of the wood. It fits well and is a pleasure to work with.

I needed to achieve a certain, dark color, so I used 3 layers of bedspreads, but in principle, if it weren’t for further processing and the whole idea as a whole, I would have left the cover in 1 layer, because I liked the color, for some reason a plum tint appeared . Please note that the color becomes lighter after drying.

The second layer applied better and even easier than the first, the color became darker and richer, the wood texture became more pronounced.

And finally, the third layer turned out quite dark, I liked it. I think I’ll still work with Nut because I still have almost a whole bottle left.

The stain dries quickly, literally after an hour you can cover it with subsequent layers, but I waited longer just in case. An hour after coating, the bench is absolutely dry, but if you walk with a damp cloth, it will stain a little, but the wood will not change the color much, so if you want to fix something and erase it, it is unlikely that you will be able to, but wiping off dust or debris is no problem .

I bought a jar in a different color "Ebony"

On the ice cream sticks the Nut color turned out different than on the bench and it fit worse on these sticks. The reason is probably that the sticks are impregnated with something water-repellent.

The price is more than adequate, 89 rubles for a 500 gram bottle. The consumption is moderate, for such a bench, painted in 3 layers, it took one whole bottle and about 1/6 of the second bottle.

I also covered the stool with the remaining stain and secured it with Eurotex Aqualak colorless varnish, it holds up well, the color was not affected.

I will definitely try other colors from this manufacturer.