An indispensable assistant in the kitchen is the microwave. The operating principle of a microwave oven and types of models
It would seem that everyone knows everything about the “microwave”. The device has been in our kitchens for a long time. It’s already somehow inconvenient without him. It is inconvenient to quickly reheat and defrost food. Some even cook with microwave oven delicious dishes. However, no matter how familiar a microwave oven may seem to us, when choosing it in a store you should take into account several points and be aware of some subtleties. ZOOM.CNews updates recommendations for choosing microwave ovens - so that when our readers come to the store, they buy exactly what they really need.
A microwave oven is a device without which it is difficult to imagine our lives. It seems that its importance in everyday life is not too great. It's not washing machine, not a refrigerator. But remember that you need to heat soup without a microwave in a saucepan, and not immediately in a plate. About the fact that meat takes half a day to defrost without a microwave oven. The fact that hot sandwiches without this oven will have to be cooked in the oven. In general, without a microwave oven, the “kitchen happiness” of most of us would be incomplete. This material covers all the main points that should be taken into account when buying a microwave.
Modern kitchen It’s hard to imagine without a microwave oven... The table below shows the main pros and cons of microwave ovensBrief historical background
The first commercial microwave oven appeared in 1947 in the USA. It was produced by Raytheon by order of the US Department of Defense - for quickly defrosting food in soldiers' canteens. The same company originally developed it. The “father” of the microwave oven is considered to be the engineer of this company, Percy LeBaron Spencer. The stove cost approximately $3,000 (very expensive at that time), weighed 340 kg, was as tall as a person, and had a power of up to 3 kW. A few years later, the first tabletop microwave oven was released in the United States, which cost about $500. Also, since 1952, microwave ovens have been produced in Japan (a patent was purchased in the USA). In the USSR, development of industrial microwave installations was also carried out. Household microwave ovens were produced in our country in the eighties of the twentieth century, and in our country only the assembly of devices from Japanese components was carried out.
How does it work
Household microwave ovens use microwaves with a frequency of 2450 MHz. This frequency is established for microwave ovens by special international agreements so as not to interfere with the operation of radars and other devices that use microwaves. The radiation source is a high-voltage vacuum device - a magnetron. A high voltage must be applied to the magnetron filament - about 3–4 kV. Mains voltage The power supply (220 V) is not enough for the magnetron, and it is powered through a special high-voltage transformer. The magnetron power is approximately 700-1000 W. To cool the magnetron, there is a fan next to it that continuously blows air over it. The fan provides forced convection air in the oven cavity with its simultaneous heating (from the magnetron), which promotes uniform heating (cooking, baking) of products.
The microwaves generated by the magnetron enter the oven - to the products - through a waveguide. This is a channel with metal walls that reflect microwave radiation. Complex design has a “microwave” door. It should provide the user with an overview (of what is happening inside the oven) and prevent microwaves from escaping outside. This is a multilayer “pie” made of glass or plastic plates. Between the plates there must be a mesh of perforated metal sheet. The metal reflects microwaves back into the oven cavity; small perforation holes (less than 3 mm) do not allow microwave radiation to pass through. A seal made of dielectric material is mounted around the perimeter of the door.
How food is heated
To heat food using microwaves, it must contain dipole molecules, that is, molecules that have a positive electrical charge at one end and a negative one at the other. There are many such molecules in food - these are molecules of fats, sugars and water. IN electric field they line up strictly in the direction of the field lines, “plus” in one direction, “minus” in the other. As soon as the field changes direction to the opposite, the molecules immediately turn over 180°. The wave field in which these molecules are located changes polarity several billion times per second!
Under the influence of microwave radiation, molecules rotate at a frantic frequency and “rub” one another. The heat released during this process is what causes the food to warm up. Heating of products occurs due to the heating of the surface layer by microwaves and further penetration of heat into the depths of the food due to thermal conductivity. Boiling water in a microwave does not happen the same way as in a kettle, where heat is supplied to the water only from below. Microwave heating comes from all sides. In the microwave, the water will reach boiling temperature, but there will be no bubbles.
Is microwave radiation dangerous?
It has been proven that microwaves (microwave radiation) do not have any radioactive effects on biological tissues and food. Cooking food using microwaves requires very little fat, so food cooked using microwaves is healthier and does not pose any danger to humans. Modern furnaces are designed with strict measures to prevent radiation from escaping. Direct exposure to microwaves (eg on human skin) may cause burns. But such risks are completely absent with proper operation of a working microwave oven. Microwaves “fade out” very quickly in the atmosphere. And already at a distance of half a meter from the microwave, the radiation becomes 100 times weaker. It is enough to move away from the stove at arm's length, and you can feel completely safe (although there is no danger near a working stove).
Types of ovens
Modern microwave ovens come in monofunctional (solo models) - only with a microwave function. They will be useful for those who rarely eat at home and are suitable for an office kitchen. You can heat and defrost any food in them and prepare simple dishes.
Stores also sell microwave ovens with grills (the grill can be used separately or in symbiosis with microwaves). These are suitable not only for heating or defrosting food, but also for preparing various dishes (for example, grilled chicken, hot sandwiches, etc.). The grill can be a heating element (metal tube, spiral, with a heating element inside) or quartz (tightly twisted wire made of a heat-resistant alloy of nickel and chromium, which is placed in a quartz glass tube). The grill heating element is located in the upper part of the microwave working chamber, under the “ceiling”.
There are oven models in which the grill is movable. It can lower and move towards the back wall. If the grill is movable, it is easy to fry the product evenly, and it is easier to keep the upper part of the oven chamber clean.
The quartz grill is usually stationary. It is located not under, but in the “ceiling” of the working chamber, which saves space in the working chamber. It heats up faster than a heating element, is more economical, and is usually easier to clean. There are models with two grills. Most often there is a quartz on top, and a heating element on the bottom or side.
There are also multifunctional (or combination) microwave ovens on sale. In addition to microwaves and grill, there is a convection mode, as well as combined modes. There is a fan behind the wall of the inner chamber of such a microwave oven. It blows hot air and the dish, blown with heat from all sides, is evenly baked and covered with a golden crust, as if it were being cooked on a spit. In an oven with this function, you can bake everything that can be baked in an oven – even puff pastries. There are also ovens with a microwave function, with a grill, with convection and with steam processing of food (there is a steam generator).
Before buying a microwave oven, you should decide - to understand why, to a greater extent, you are buying a “microwave”. If you are going to mainly heat and defrost, take a solo model. Do you sometimes like to have hot sandwiches for breakfast? Then buy a stove with grill. If you are going to cook various dishes in the oven, take a combined oven with convection.
Working chamber volume
Also, before purchasing, you should definitely consider what size microwave oven you need. This refers to the volume (capacity) of the working chamber of the device. This figure can vary from 13 to 42 liters. The smallest ovens - up to 20 liters - have enough space for a small chicken or a plate of food. This is enough for a bachelor or a family of 2 people. If there are more eaters or friends often come over for a light, you should take a closer look at stoves with a chamber volume of 23 to 32 liters. And if you have a large family, it is better to choose a “microwave” with a chamber volume of about 40 or even more liters in order to heat it up at a time a large number of food or, on occasion, bake a goose.
Rotary table
Most modern microwave ovens are equipped with a rotating round table- it rotates so that the microwaves are evenly distributed over the product. The turntable is usually made of durable glass (but it can still be broken if handled carelessly), attached to a special rotating rod and “placed” on a stand equipped with small wheels. The diameter of the turntable depends on the volume of the working chamber - the larger it is, the larger diameter turntable. There are also models without a rotary table on sale (but quite rarely).
Power level
The power of a microwave oven is an important operating characteristic of the appliance. The power level largely determines how quickly the oven can cook a dish and heat the product. The larger the volume of the working chamber, the greater, as a rule, the power of the microwave oven. In modern models, the power can be adjusted. Set minimum value, average, maximum (can be up to 10 levels, depending on the model). The microwave power in most modern household microwave ovens is 700-1000 W. Grill and convection have their own power levels (here, with rare exceptions, power level adjustment is not available).
Microwave Uniform Distribution System
To ensure that microwaves are distributed evenly in the working chamber and not concentrated on only one part of the dish, many modern “microwaves” have several (two or three) sources of microwave radiation. They emit wave beams in different directions, which, repeatedly reflected from the walls, are evenly distributed throughout the entire interior of the furnace.
Inverter microwave ovens
Inverter microwave ovens are now sold in stores. In such furnaces, the magnetron power decreases and increases smoothly. The magnetron does not turn off (and in “ordinary” furnaces, its operation circuit is discrete - it works intermittently and when turned on, it always “produces” the full power set by the user). Continuous “soft” penetration of microwave energy into the product in such an oven helps preserve its texture and nutritional properties; such ovens are more economical and durable.
Software
A few words about the basic cooking programs implemented in modern microwave ovens. Automatic cooking means recipes for preparing various dishes stored in the oven’s memory. These are algorithms for the operation of the oven, relevant for the preparation of certain products, dishes (their “list” and quantity depends on the brand and model of the oven) - power level, time, combination of modes (for example, first cooking in the “Microwave” mode, and then turning on grill). It is enough to select the type of product or a specific dish using the control system, enter the weight of the product, and leave everything else to the oven. Number of automatic cooking modes in different models may vary. There are also “microwaves” with the ability to program auto-cooking by the user (the oven “remembers” the cooking algorithm entered by the user).
Automatic defrosting. It’s convenient to avoid guessing how long it will take to defrost a particular product. Simply select the type of product, enter its weight, place the product in the working chamber and press the “Start” button. The oven itself “knows” how long it will take to defrost your meat, fish, chicken, vegetables or bread, and at what power the defrosting will take place.
Defrosting can also be “normal” - not automatic. In this case, you set the defrosting time yourself. In principle, you can defrost food in any microwave, even one that does not have a “Defrost” program at all (by setting the minimum microwave power). However, a special mode allows you to do this faster and more efficiently.
Automatic heating. Almost the same as auto defrosting. The algorithm is the same. You choose the type of product, its weight or volume and turn on the stove, which will independently “decide” how long it will take to heat up, for example, a bowl of soup, and at what power to produce it. There can be several auto-heating programs for different products.
Microwave+Grill mode. In that combined mode The dishes turn out evenly baked and with a golden brown crust. “Microwaves + Convection” - food cooks faster, preserves the natural taste and appearance of products to a greater extent, and more vitamins are retained in them. It is especially good to cook dough products with a large amount of liquid and wet ingredients in this mode (pies with vegetable, fruit or berry filling). “Grill + Convection” - mode for preparing crispy and crispy dishes. Good, including for baking.
Cleaning the stove with steam. The program is only relevant for microwaves with a steam generator. Allows the microwave oven to carry out almost independent cleaning of the internal volume. The process uses steam energy to dissolve grease and contaminants. To start the program, you simply need to pour water into a special container provided by the stove design, add detergent and activate the process by pressing a button. Cleaning usually takes 10-15 minutes.
Microwave oven control
Modern microwave ovens have electromechanical, push-button and touch controls. Electromechanics are two rotary controls. One sets the power and operating mode. Another is the operating time of the oven. Most often, this control is used in solo stoves and stoves with grill. Electromechanical control is simple, understandable, convenient.
Push-button control allows for more precise programming of the furnace operation. Typically, the power level, mode, and cooking time are set by one or several presses of one or another button. All settings, as a rule, are reflected on the display (most modern microwave ovens, except ovens with electromechanical control, have one). The only negative is that over time, dirt can get clogged under the buttons - it can be difficult to wash it out.
Touch electronic control. Essentially, these are the same buttons, only “recessed” into the body. There are many such models in stores - this is now the most popular type of microwave oven control. This is understandable, because touch control is very convenient - all settings are made with light touches of your fingers to the sensors. There are no problems when cleaning, because the touch control panel is a flat surface. There are stoves with combined system controls (buttons and sensors).
The three types of control described above are the main ones. But there is also a fourth type. It is less common. We are talking about the so-called “tactile” electronic control. Usually in this case there are also one or two rotary programmer (often they are recessed), but the result of the manipulation (rotation of the programmer) is displayed on the display. Many modern microwave ovens have an interactive mode, when the display shows recommendations to the user.
Internal coating of the working chamber
The working chamber of a microwave oven can have enameled walls - the cheapest option. Enamel is good because it is easy to wash and clean. But prolonged high temperatures of such a surface are contraindicated. Therefore, this coating is used in inexpensive stoves (usually only solo models). Stainless steel (another option for internal walls) can withstand the “hottest” modes provided in a microwave oven. But it is more difficult to keep clean. To bring shine to “stainless steel”, you will sometimes have to clean it with a sponge or brush, but not too hard, so as not to scratch the walls. Another option is ceramic or bio ceramic coating. It is durable, smooth (and therefore easy to clean), resistant to scratches and carbon deposits.
Microwave oven accessories
The delivery package of any modern microwave oven, in addition to the device itself and the instruction manual, includes additional accessories. These are, for example, high and low grills for frying (relevant for ovens with grills and multifunctional ones; the set may include both, or there may be one, usually high). The delivery set may also include various trays, dishes, a spit, and a stand for baby bottles. If you choose a microwave oven with a large chamber, it would be nice if it comes with a “multi-story” plate stand to heat food for several people at once. There are stoves with containers for baking bread and a set of utensils for steaming dishes. It is better to stock up in advance with special utensils for cooking in a microwave oven. You can place any dishes, even paper cups, under microwave radiation. The main thing is no metal! Even the gold edges on cups and plates begin to sparkle under the influence of microwaves.
Main manufacturers
Microwave ovens are now produced by many well-known and not so well-known companies. However, perhaps not all of them can be considered the main manufacturers, but those who have long proven themselves in this segment. In stores, pay attention to stoves from the brands Bosch, Daewoo Electronics, Hansa, LG, Moulinex, Tefal, Samsung, Electrolux, Gorenje, Sharp, Panasonic, Whirlpool...
In the ZOOM.CNews product catalog you will always find the microwave oven you need, other kitchen and household appliances, photographic equipment, and digital electronics. Here you can get acquainted with the main operating characteristics of the devices, find out the opinions of other users about them, or leave your review. You can also compare prices for the necessary equipment in different Russian online stores. Choose, buy, use!
Choosing a good microwave oven is not an easy task, but it can be easily solved. It is important to take into account a dozen parameters, evaluate the everyday tasks that the microwave oven will “solve,” and also understand the functions that are relevant specifically to you.
Types of microwave ovens
Modern microwave ovens are divided into three types, but their cost within each group may differ several times:
1. Microwave ovens, otherwise known as solo ovens. The cheapest segment - you can buy a device for 1.5-2 thousand rubles, but there are expensive models with great design and the quality of internal parts from advanced brands such as Bork and Gorenje, the cost of which can reach 10 thousand rubles.
Solo ovens are used for heating food, defrosting food and cooking certain dishes in automatic programs (for example, pizza, vegetables, fish, soups and cereals).
The cheapest versions of such ovens are suitable for an office or workplace where there is a need to heat food. More expensive models, with a set of additional functions and programs, are an excellent option for the home if a high-quality oven is used for the main preparation of dishes.
2. Ovens with grill function. They combine the possibility of standard heating and preparation of quite complex dishes from vegetables, meat, and fish. The cost of such a device starts from 3-4 thousand rubles. A microwave oven with a grill can replace the oven if you love to cook dishes with “that crispy crust.”
3.Ovens with grill, microwave and convection. If you want to choose a microwave that will become a full-fledged replacement for the oven, then this perfect choice. The convection function gives you endless possibilities for culinary creativity, ensuring the highest quality of cooked dishes. The cost of such stoves starts from 7-8 thousand rubles. Convection ovens have 10 or even 20 automatic cooking programs, as well as the ability to combine modes:
- microwaves + convection,
- microwave,
- grill,
- grill + convection,
- grill + microwave.
Convection- This is a function implemented using a fan installed in the microwave oven. With its help, hot air streams are created that heat food better and faster than a grill or simple microwaves.
4. Another type is inverter ovens. More often, this technology is used in appliances with grill and convection in order to reduce the occupied space in the kitchen. In these ovens, the hardware is minimized as much as possible, and the chamber volume is increased. Inverter ovens use electricity “sensibly” by automatically adjusting the temperature during the cooking process. Panasonic pays a lot of attention to inverter stoves; other manufacturers rarely offer models with this technology.
Microwave oven selection parameters
Much in this matter depends on the available budget, but even if you have 20 thousand that can be spent on a stove, the most expensive model with a set of many functions will not always be relevant. For example, ovens with a volume of 30-40 liters will occupy a significant part of the kitchen space, but only the heating mode will be used. In this case, a reasonable and correct choice is a solo oven.
Inner chamber volume
Microwave ovens are equipped with chambers with a volume of 12 to 40 liters. The largest volume is more often found in microwaves with a convection mode, as this allows you to fit a large amount of food and whole bird carcasses into the device, as in a conventional oven. The heating oven is equipped with a chamber of 12-17 liters, which is quite enough for defrosting and preparing simple dishes.
Choosing a microwave according to the number of people in the family is not the right decision, since some people like to cook a lot at once, enough for 3-4 days. But if you prefer fresh dishes and choose an oven with grill or convection, then 20-30 liters will be enough.
Secret: To reduce the space occupied by the oven, pay attention to the back wall of the device. If it is convex, then this will slightly increase its volume.
Device power
The power of microwave ovens depends on their type:
- for solo devices the maximum permissible power is 800-900 W. This is enough for heating, defrosting and cooking simple dishes; a more powerful oven is extra expenses for electricity;
- for microwaves with grill, the optimal power is in the range of 1200-1500 W. But 800-1000 W may not be enough;
- for devices with convection, the power should be at least 1350 W, but it is better to give preference to devices with a power of 1800-2000 W.
If electricity is very expensive in your area, and you cook often, then it is quite appropriate to purchase a microwave with a lower power.
Camera Inner Cover
- Painting "under enamel". The internal coating is used in the cheapest models of microwave ovens. Short-lived, crumbles after six months of active use of the device. Famous stove manufacturers do not use such coating, but you need to be on guard with new products on the market and unknown brands.
- Heat-resistant enamel. Refers to an inexpensive type of coating. Among the advantages can be noted relatively easy care for the coating - just wipe with a damp cloth after each use and wash thoroughly 1-2 times a month. But such a coating is not suitable for high temperatures, so convection ovens must have a different coating. Enamel is sensitive to mechanical damage and must be handled carefully.
- Stainless steel. Reliable and durable material that is not afraid of scratches or temperature. It requires thorough care, since fat easily sticks to steel, but you need to use special acid-free products. The use of hard sponges and brushes is not allowed.
- Bioceramic and antibacterial coating. Dear and high-quality coating. Dirt is removed as quickly and easily as possible; the coating is scratch-resistant, but strong impact may crack.
Microwave ovens use two types of grill:
- Heating element – the grill is located on top or on the side; there are models with a double grill (top + bottom or on the sides). Devices with a heating element grill are cheap and provide good quality cooked products, including an excellent crispy crust. The disadvantage of such a grill is the large occupied area;
- A quartz grill is installed in the upper part of the chamber; it costs more, but takes up very little work space.
Expensive models of home microwave ovens are equipped with a quartz grill.
Control type
Microwaves are equipped with three types of push-button mechanisms. The first is mechanical control. It has round knobs, usually 2 or 3. These control the time and temperature. The advantages of such a mechanism: it rarely breaks down, easy-to-understand controls. Cons: Difficult to clean, impossible to adjust seconds. The cheapest models are usually equipped with mechanical controls, but you can find a combination of electronics and mechanics in the middle segment.
Push Button Control. Microwaves with such a system have an attractive appearance and make it easy to set programs and seconds. But dirt accumulates between the buttons, which is difficult to clean.
Touch control. An expensive electronics option that looks perfect, but often breaks due to voltage surges. The most important advantage is ease of maintenance. The touch panel is easy to wipe; dirt does not accumulate on it, unlike buttons and mechanics.
Microwave Oven Safety for the Home
Modern equipment reliably protects you from outgoing radiation. For this purpose, a special coating is provided for both the chamber and the device door (a special mesh on the glass). To ensure availability necessary protection, check the device certificate: it should state that the device is tested according to 4 safety levels.
Advice: When choosing a microwave according to its parameters, test it for protection against outgoing waves. To do this, put the phone in the oven, close it and call from another mobile phone. If the signal passes without problems, the furnace’s protection is not the best. If there is no signal, it means that the device does not transmit microwaves at all.
How to choose a microwave for heating?
If we analyze the parameters given above, we can conclude that a microwave oven for heating:
- should not be more powerful than 900 W;
- the coating of the working chamber must be made of heat-resistant enamel or of stainless steel;
- a volume of 15-17 liters is sufficient;
- grill and convection are not needed.
If there are children in the family, then it is better to give preference to a microwave with push-button or touch controls, since second-by-second heating of children's products is extremely popular.
Review of the best microwave oven models
Every self-respecting brand, except perhaps the high segment, offers a wide selection of microwave ovens. The selection is based on customer reviews and analysis technical characteristics devices.
One of the cheapest Russian-assembled models. Designed for heating and defrosting. Also pluses include Russified mechanical control and heat-resistant enamel coating. The disadvantage of the model is that there are no additional functions, the rotating plate area is small.
Inexpensive model designed for heating food. Pros: heat-resistant enamel, 5 power modes, mechanical control. The only downside is the lack of an automatic food defrosting mode.
A more expensive option for a microwave for heating. Combines the best parameters: 800 W power, bioceramic coating with antibacterial effect, 30 automatic programs for preparing popular Russian recipes. The oven has push-button control and an automatic defrost function. Oven volume – 20 liters. A minor minus is the dark glass of the door.
Inverter oven with grill. It has a stylish design and heats food perfectly. Microwave power – 1000 W. The inside of the device is covered with heat-resistant enamel, and the chamber volume is 27 liters. The best option for not big family. The downside is touch controls.
Great 900 Watt Home Microwave Oven with Grill. The inside is made of stainless steel, the outside is impeccable German elegance. The volume of the microwave is 25 liters. It has a child lock. The downsides are an unpleasant loud squeak and a small number of automatic programs.
Incredibly stylish black microwave oven with quartz grill with a power of 900 W. Internal stainless steel coating and child lock are undoubted advantages of the model. Equipped with a large number of automatic programs and modes, the only downside is touch control.
The standard of German quality is a microwave oven with a quartz grill. The power of the waves is 700 W, and the power of the grill is 1000 W. Stylish silver design and comfortable handle. The device has push-button control and many automatic programs. This technique has no downsides.
Elegant built-in oven with grill and convection. Push-button control and high-quality interior coating that is easy to clean. Several automatic programs will help you cook perfectly delicious dishes as quickly as possible. Among the shortcomings of the equipment, one can note only its cost, close to 20 thousand rubles.
Stylish microwave oven with grill and convection. Pros: quartz grill, a set of optimal functions and automatic programs, grill power 1100 W, child lock. The disadvantages are the price and small volume of 25 liters.
Watch a useful video on how to choose a microwave oven:
A properly chosen microwave oven is a reliable kitchen assistant that will provide quick heating and defrosting of food. When choosing multifunctional model With the grill and convection mode, you will get very tasty dishes and, most importantly, healthy ones. After all, a good microwave oven, if followed correctly, temperature regime retains 2-3 times more vitamins in products!
In contact with
Microwave ovens have become as common as ovens and gas stoves. Despite the external similarity of all microwaves, their “filling” is different. Many manufacturers offer microwave ovens with grills, convectors and other functional elements.
Before you start choosing, decide what you need a microwave oven for. Do you want to cook gourmet dishes in it or do you plan to limit yourself to heating and defrosting food? Let's talk about everything in more detail.
Principle of operation
The operating principle of a microwave oven is simple and complex at the same time. Consumers often do not know how food is heated. Some people have heard about some kind of radiation and therefore try to avoid microwaves in order to avoid health problems.
Let's start with the fact that microwave radiation does not affect humans in any way. Microwaves occupy a position on the frequency scale between radio waves and infrared radiation, and even have properties inherent in both. It is known that neither heat nor radio waves harm our health, therefore microwaves cannot do the same.
How does a microwave heat food? Microwaves move water molecules found in food. They begin to move chaotically, thereby generating energy, and therefore heat.
Types of Microwave Ovens
With all the variety of microwave ovens on the market, they can be divided into 4 main types, which we will consider:
Solo (microwave only);
With grill (microwave + grill);
With grill and convection (microwaves + grill + convection);
With grill, convection and steam generator (microwaves + grill + convection + steam).
When starting to choose a microwave, decide why you need it in culinary terms. If only for heating food and defrosting, then you should pay attention to the “solo oven”. By the way, you shouldn’t underestimate this type of microwave oven and limit their functionality to just banal heating/defrosting. In a microwave with a microwave function, you can prepare wonderful desserts and culinary dishes.
A microwave oven with grill and microwave function is suitable for lovers of well-cooked meat. The grill built into the oven can be a heating element. It looks like a metal tube, a spiral, with a heating element inside. Also, quartz grills are built into microwave ovens, which are tightly twisted wire made of a heat-resistant nickel-chromium alloy, which is placed in a quartz glass tube. The heating element grill is located in the upper part of the microwave working chamber. In some oven models, the grill is movable within the working chamber, so it can be installed wherever you need it. With such a grill, evenly cooked meat is not a problem.
The quartz grill is stationary, it is placed on the “ceiling” of the working chamber. This type of grill heats up faster, is more economical, and is easier to clean, since it is not as complex in shape as a heating element. Some models are equipped with both types of grills at once: “upper” quartz and “lower” heating elements. Thanks to this function, dishes can be browned.
As practice shows, people who are passionate about cooking and have already mastered microwave ovens with a grill function are unable to resist the temptation to purchase a device with a grill and convection.
The operating principle of convection is simple. Essentially, this is a fan built into the microwave that moves hot air around the working chamber. Thanks to this, the dish is baked evenly. To speed up the cooking process, the microwave function is used. At the finish line, the grill is turned on to brown the dish again. As a result, cooking time in such an oven is greatly reduced, while the quality increases.
There are also microwave ovens with microwave, grill, confection and steam functions. The presence of a steamer, of course, can please the adherent of a healthy lifestyle, however, buns and baked meat in this case will have to move. Apparently, this is why “advanced” users do not have a common opinion on them.
As for the quality of cooking, a few years ago microwave ovens had a significant problem. This was due to the fact that only one microwave emitter was installed in them, therefore, the microwaves were distributed unevenly throughout the working chamber and the dishes remained partially raw. This steadily reduced consumer confidence in microwaves, so they were purchased only for heating food. However, over time the problem was solved. IN modern ovens Manufacturers provide two or even three sources of microwave radiation, which emit wave beams in different directions, and, reflecting from the walls, are evenly distributed throughout the entire working chamber of the oven, so the food is cooked evenly.
Volume
Before purchasing, you also need to decide on the capacity of the microwave oven. Think about what culinary feats you want to accomplish with this device. The volume of the microwave working chamber can be different - from 13 to 42 liters. An oven of up to 20 liters is enough to heat/defrost and cook everyone’s favorite grilled chicken. For a large family, choose a stove with a chamber volume of 23 to 32 liters. If you have to cook a lot, then take a closer look at ovens with a chamber volume of 40 liters or more.
Power
Power, as elsewhere, is one of the main characteristics of the device. It determines how quickly food will be cooked, heated or defrosted. Typically, the larger the microwave, the higher its power. By the way, almost all microwave ovens have a power regulator, even the simplest ones.
The microwave power in most microwave ovens is 700-1000 W. And this only applies to microwaves. If you are considering purchasing a grill and convection oven, make sure that the electrical wiring in your home is in order. The fact is that when all these modes operate simultaneously, their powers add up.
That is, if the microwave power of your microwave is 900 W, the grill is 1200 W, and the convection is 1350 W, this means that the total power of your microwave will be 3450 W. And this is already a serious load, even without taking into account other electrical appliances operating in the apartment.
Previously, the power of microwave ovens was not regulated in any way. That is, in “old” ovens, the microwave emitter periodically turned off for a few seconds, then turned on again, which led to the dish turning out dry, because excessive exposure to water molecules in the active phase of the emitter’s operation leads to its evaporation. Manufacturers decided to change the very principle of regulating the power of microwave ovens and began to use inverter control. In new ovens, the power of the microwave emitter decreased and increased smoothly, while the oven did not turn off at all. The product was thus subjected to continuous gentle exposure to microwaves, maintaining its properties.
Functions
Using a modern microwave oven in the kitchen, you get the ability to cook, fry, steam and bake. We emphasize that you have the opportunity. Since the ovens provide various functions, designed to help you prepare dishes.
For example, “Automatic cooking” is the recipes for cooking dishes entered into the microwave’s memory. Of course, we are just talking about the algorithms for the operation of the furnace. So that the user does not have to worry about fine-tuning microwaves, grill or convection, manufacturers have provided cooking templates. For example, grilled chicken will turn out with 100% probability if you use the automatic cooking option, trusting the manufacturer’s preset settings. Typically, microwave ovens have 4-8 preset recipes, but there can be many more, and in some ovens you can enter such settings yourself.
You can defrost food simply, not in automatic mode. Then the user sets the defrosting time himself. However, this often leads to the fact that incorrectly set power, coupled with defrosting time that is excessive for a given product, spoils the product. Without defrosting from the inside, it begins to fry on top. Therefore, it is safer to use an automatic machine.
All users of microwave ovens know the “Automatic heating” function. The algorithm is the same as that of the auto-defrost function. Select the type of product, its weight and click on the “Start” button. The microwave will independently determine how long it needs to heat up and at what power it will do it. There can be up to 25 “recipes” for auto-heating.
The “Microwave + Grill” mode is a favorite of many users, since the dishes turn out evenly fried and with a golden brown crust.
In the Microwave + Convection mode, food cooks faster. “Grill + Convection” – a mode for cooking fried foods and baked goods.
Some microwaves have a Crisp function. The furnace is supplied with a special plate made of ferrite-based material. With its help, microwave energy is converted into heat. There is an impact on the product from below, and it is fried.
The “Steam oven cleaning” program is only available in devices with a steam generator. Steam dissolves grease and dirt remaining after cooking. The user pours water into a special container built into the stove, adds detergent and activates the program by pressing a button. After 10-15 minutes the microwave becomes clean.
The odor removal function is provided by microwave oven manufacturers in case users need to remove the effects of cooking strong-smelling foods. For this purpose, a fan is built into the oven.
The microwave usually comes with additional accessories: racks, spit, trays, plastic dishes, stands for baby bottles, a container for baking bread, and dishes for steaming dishes. If the package does not contain what you need, stock up on utensils designed specifically for use in the microwave oven. And remember the main rule of using a microwave oven - no metal! Metal edges on cups and plates will spark and cause oven damage.
Electric kitchen assistants have long ceased to be a rarity. One of the most favorite types household appliances Microwave ovens remain. They are perfect for a home with a large family and even for a bachelor’s apartment, providing assistance in heating and cooking. Despite the huge range of products and annual product ratings, the question of how to choose a microwave oven still remains relevant. A correctly selected model will help long years forget about the painful standing at the stove.
Varieties
All microwave ovens can be divided into several categories. The classification is based on the operating principle and additional functions cooking. So, a solo oven has basic capabilities and usually only allows you to reheat food and defrost individual items. The device operates on the basis of microwave radiation. Unfortunately, these are the simplest microwave ovens, so you can't bake or fry food in them.
A microwave with grill allows you not only to make heat treatment products. With its help you can even top up holiday menu, baking meat or preparing kebabs. The grill is designed like oven and heats up to 250 °C. Taking into account the materials and location of the grill, such microwave ovens are divided into different groups.
- Microwave devices with a heating element heater have a spiral-shaped grill that can be installed in almost any position. Most often, the heating element is mounted on the upper half of the chamber, but it is mobile, so sometimes two spirals are used at once in opposite sides. Such devices are best chosen by those who value reliability and low cost. However, a heating element grill takes up a lot of space in the oven chamber.
- If the small volume of the microwave oven does not suit you, you can purchase a model with a grill made of quartz lamp. This heater is more intense and saves energy. It is built only on the top of the device. Caring for a quartz grill stove is very easy.
- IN Lately Microwave ovens with infrared grills based on a halogen lamp are gaining popularity. The heater is located under the rotating plate and is often combined with a quartz grill. This addition allows you to expand the menu of prepared dishes and combine several types of meat and fish processing.
Modern housewives often want to buy a microwave oven with convection. In such a device, heat movement is ensured by a built-in fan. Models of such microwaves allow you to fry foods, bake pies and create complex main courses. In fact, a convection appliance replaces a full-fledged oven, working intensively and efficiently. But such a microwave oven costs a lot and takes up a lot of space in the kitchen.
The latest technology can be called inverter-type microwave ovens. They also operate on the principle of an oven, but do not have the disadvantages of the previous generation of appliances. In particular, the products here are prepared naturally and retain maximum useful substances. Models with the principle of uniform heating are especially actively promoted by the Panasonic brand. The price of such a microwave is also high, but it will weigh much less.
Based on the principle of installation in the kitchen, microwave ovens can be divided into classic and built-in. A free-standing model can be sent to any horizontal surface. The main thing is that there is no solid wall or large furniture nearby, as they can block the ventilation holes.
Built-in microwave oven in last years very popular because it does not take up space and saves overall design kitchen interior. As reviews indicate, it is more convenient to order such household appliances together with the set. Then you will truly get a unique model with a sophisticated appearance. True, on functional solutions The way the stoves are installed has no effect.
Comparison with multicookers
For many years in a row, the most convenient assistant in the category kitchen appliances is a multicooker. The capabilities of this device are partly similar to the tasks of a microwave, so housewives often wonder what is better.
- The multicooker cooks porridge perfectly. However, it rarely allows you to indicate the weight of the product, so the cereal can easily become overcooked. In modern microwave ovens this problem does not arise, since at the programming stage they allow you to determine how many portions will be prepared.
- Despite the fact that a multicooker is initially better at steaming, steam humidification in microwave ovens can also be adapted for these purposes. And if your microwave model comes with tall glass or ceramic dishes, you can stew and cook with it without fear.
- A multicooker sometimes does not allow you to properly heat food, because the temperature of the programs is not indicated and the power cannot be adjusted in all models. The only drawback of microwaves in this regard is their large dimensions, which will not allow you to take the device on a trip to heat up food. But the multicooker is more compact.
- Each multicooker is also aimed at baking. Pies, breads and muffins cook very quickly, but they usually have a golden brown crust on the bottom. But the microwave wins in this case, because it has a heating element from above, and the humidity is low. In addition, in old recipe books, a microwave oven is more often mentioned than a multicooker.
- Very often, a multicooker may not have a frying mode. In this case, other programs are used, but the taste of the products may change. The advantage of microwave ovens in this case is associated with the presence of a grill, which allows the frying process to be carried out with minimum quantity fat
Based on the data under consideration, we can say that the multicooker has wide functionality, but its operation is not always intuitive. At the same time, even the most modern microwave ovens retain the classic principle of operation, and if you know the principle of operation, you can cook any dish in them. Of course, a multicooker is usually equipped with a large timer, and you can always find a place for it in the kitchen. But if you are interested in cooking meat dishes and creating delicious baked goods, you should think about purchasing a microwave device.
Criterias of choice
To buy the most suitable microwave, you should familiarize yourself with its various characteristics. Today it is not enough to pay attention to the country of manufacture and the cost of the model, since it is quantitative and qualitative indicators that can tell how long a microwave oven will work and what it is suitable for.
- First, study the volume of the internal chamber. For small ovens, the working space includes less than 20 liters, for medium ones - up to 29 liters. The largest models have a chamber with a capacity of more than 30 liters. A mini-oven, as a rule, only allows you to heat up pieces of food, but in the middle class you can already cook. To do smart choice, please note that 8 liters is enough for one person. And don’t forget that volume directly affects the size and weight of the equipment. By the way, in addition to the size of the chamber, the manufacturer must also indicate the characteristics of the tray where food will need to be placed for heating and cooking.
- Based on the parameters of the workspace, the manufacturer determines the power of the microwave oven. Most models provide power of 1-1.5 kW, but large units have a rating of 2.5 kW. It should be taken into account that additional modes when using a microwave oven increase the overall indicator. For example, by using grill and heating at the same time, you increase power and speed up the cooking process. Fortunately, today even simple options household appliances have power regulators on the panel.
- The type of stove control directly affects the ease of its operation. So, today manufacturers offer mechanical, electronic and touch types of guidance. Mechanical control is a classic, consisting of rotating knobs. Such models are easy to use, reliable and affordable. Unfortunately, today only microwaves with limited functionality are equipped with mechanics. More complex options have electronic control, where you can switch modes, and not just set the cooking time. The latest know-how is considered to be a touch microwave oven. This control panel guarantees automated cooking. In expensive models, you can select a pre-programmed recipe and indicate the weight of the products.
- One of the most important questions is what the interior coating of the microwave is made of. It is this aspect that determines the service life of the device and its maintainability. Most often, companies equip stoves with enamel. This coating does not increase the cost of the microwave and requires minimal maintenance. However, the enamel is susceptible to scratches and rapid chipping. Stainless steel coating can be considered no less common. It is very durable and does not react to damage, which prolongs its service life and maintains its beautiful appearance. appearance. The main disadvantage is difficult care, which inevitably leads to streaks and stains over time. Bioceramics can be considered the most innovative in all respects. It is not dangerous to human health, wear-resistant and durable. Thanks to its smooth structure, this coating is easy to wash and clean. But bioceramics are poorly protected from mechanical damage. Recently, stoves with antibacterial coating from the LG brand have also appeared. However, the feasibility of such a surface is not entirely clear, because microwave radiation has a detrimental effect on most microorganisms. But this coating is very easy to clean, using an ordinary cloth.
- Of course, a properly selected microwave has the functions necessary for the housewife. Usually, in addition to standard heating of food, the equipment can defrost food, steam it, and add a crispy crust. A useful addition can be step by step creation dishes and automatic start. It also doesn’t hurt to pay attention to how the stove lighting is arranged. Most often, the light bulb can work with the door open or closed during operation. And if there are children in the family, it is very important to block the microwave when cooking.
- Price always matters when purchasing household appliances if funds are limited. In the case of microwave ovens, the cost consists of the volume of working space and the set of programs. A simple device is inexpensive even with a well-known brand, although the difference in money due to the company is always felt. Also, a certain amount will have to be paid additionally in the case of the original design of a particular model.
Review of manufacturers
The household appliances market is rich in manufacturers from Europe and Asia. Choosing a microwave with such an assortment can be difficult, because the history of the brand is not always heard. Be sure to study best companies even before going to the store, so that you know what to give money for. Most often on the shelves in 2016 you can find the following companies:
- The Daewoo brand has long established itself in the field of microwave ovens. Models of this brand are distinguished by their low price and good characteristics. At the same time, even a solo oven will have a nice design, high power and simple controls. Interestingly, some variants of Daewoo microwave technology can cook pizza in a separate compartment. And in many microwaves you can place several dishes at the same time, which greatly saves time and electricity. Interestingly, the company has developed interesting system heating with three elements. The technology is called “3D Power”. Today Daewoo allows you to choose models with a grill and convection, but a simple oven of this brand will delight the housewife with a child lock, camera lighting and programmed recipes.
- Wide the lineup Microwaves (about 60 options) are available from LG. For the home, this is an excellent technique made for economy and convenience. Especially popular with this brand are multifunctional appliances that include not only microwave processing, but also a convection grill at the same time. It is convenient to bake confectionery products in such microwave ovens. Some models of microwave ovens have a universal and very interesting “World Cuisines” program. Separately, it is worth noting such an advantage of LG as the average price category. It was also LG who created the new “Black Solar Dom” oven with a halogen heater, which provides enormous cooking speed. Some models also have an easy-to-clean round chamber and a special “Russian Chef” menu.
If we compile a ranking of manufacturers in 2016, then LG most often remains in first place. This is due to the certification of all products, a two-year warranty and excellent customer service. That is, LG microwaves not only last a long time, but are also quickly fixed by specialists. In addition to this Korean brand, other well-known companies are also present in the popularity ranking:
- Whirlpool is an Italian-American company that produces stylish microwave ovens. Each model is distinguished by durability, reliability and external elegance. True, there are also unpleasant exceptions.
- Samsung – Korean equipment of this brand ranks third in terms of sales volumes. Samsung microwaves have earned the trust of consumers with a 3-year warranty and unsurpassed quality. The advantage of these devices also lies in the energy savings during defrosting and the durability of the smooth bioceramic coating. Samsung has also developed a convenient “Favorite Recipe” function for automatically creating dishes according to one recipe.
- Electrolux is a Swedish manufacturer whose stoves have one drawback - they are overpriced. But the brand offers a huge selection of models, each of which is memorable with a full set of interesting functions. In addition, the results of many tests show that these microwaves always meet the specified power rating and consume little electricity.
- Siemens offers both stand-alone and built-in microwave ovens with design and decent quality. German technologies make themselves felt, so the equipment is not only reliable, but also multifunctional. True, the price range of microwaves is slightly above average.
- Vitek is an Austro-Russian brand that offers products at a reduced price compared to companies from Asia or Europe. These microwaves are very high quality, but do not have a lot of features. The advantage of the models is their protection from network fluctuations. True, the actual power of Vitek ovens is always less than indicated, and the rotating tray is not large enough.
- Miele is known as a brand of professional home appliances at decent prices. In Germany, this brand is even popular for selling microwaves, which cannot be said about Russia. However, the technical quality of the company's products is always at its best, and the design of microwave ovens is always thought out and looks unique and aesthetically pleasing.
- Panasonic creates virtually trouble-free microwaves, since Japanese production meets all modern requirements. The models are reliable and effective, but for the most part they are not presented in the cheap price niche. However, for high quality the consumer must be willing to pay.
When purchasing, be sure to pay attention to where the brand’s factory is located. This factor directly affects the build quality. Thus, South Korean companies - Daewoo, Samsung, LG - and the Japanese Panasonic are organizing the production of microwave ovens in China, Malaysia and Vietnam. Also, when studying the brand of the device, try to find out what quality standards it complies with - local or international. It is better, of course, to focus on large manufacturers, which create universal microwave ovens that undergo serious stages of control and testing.
Rare brands
Separately, it is worth mentioning those brands that are rarely included in the rating due to low sales volumes. However, this is not due to the low quality of their products, but to insufficient advertising or lack of technical bells and whistles.
- Supra devices have excellent characteristics and reasonable prices. These microwave ovens are created in Japan, so the cooking process looks as simple and straightforward as possible. Touch control means that the main information is reflected on the display, and a sound signal indicates the finish. The delay start timer in Supra ovens can be set to one and a half hours. The models also have child protection.
- The Slovenian brand Gorenje is distinguished by excellent service. True, as reviews say, some models come across with uneven defrosting and a completely English-language menu. But these microwaves do an excellent job of frying.
- Sharp microwave ovens can be considered the first in the household appliances market. Today, models of this brand are perceived as a real find for a skilled housewife. A double grill combining quartz and infrared radiation, as well as two dozen automatic programs, allow you to cook meat, fish, desserts and light snacks in the ovens.
- Ovens from Hyundai Electronics provide housewives with a lot of options for cooking at home. They have convenient control using rotary controls and a clear digital display. Also, with the “Combo” function, you can use the grill and microwaves at the same time. The brand also offers optimized defrosting, which involves taking into account the weight of all products. Microwave ovens are made of high-quality stainless steel, which makes cleaning the device easier.
- The Chinese company Mystery produces microwave ovens that are pleasingly low in cost. There is always a demand for these stoves, because the range is very diverse. At the same time, both solo models and multifunctional units are not only high-quality, but also reliable.
- The VVK company can be considered a young manufacturer. Since this is a domestic brand, the prices for the products are quite low. At the same time, the brand pays a lot of attention to the quality of its stoves, their design and main performance indicators.
Perfect simplicity
The 2016 rating, consisting only of simple solo microwaves, includes models with excellent quality and incredible reliability. Although such microwave devices do not have a variety of programs, minimal care And classic control often sway the buyer in their favor.
- LG MS-2042DS has an excellent volume of 20 liters, is controlled by a touch panel and defrosts perfectly. A useful addition is the door lock and the Cook recipe program. The high-quality enamel coating is easy to clean. This model, as evidenced by reviews, has only two disadvantages - a short wire and a strong knock on the door when closing.
- Samsung ME81KRW-1 attracts with bioceramics inside the camera and stylish design. The waves are distributed evenly in the oven, so the food heats up quickly. There are convenient switches and a sound signal. Buyers are especially pleased with the large capacity of the workspace, although the backlight is sometimes weak.
- Midea MM720CMF is memorable original design due to the mirror door. There are as many as 5 power levels and practical intuitive controls. Enamel allows you to quickly clean the oven from dirt, but the door still rarely remains clean. Another disadvantage is the slippery switches.
- The Supra MWS-1803MW has mechanical handling but remains committed to modern technologies. Large volume, power adjustment, compactness and minimal price attract many buyers. True, the timer only starts counting down from 5 minutes, and the cord does not always reach the distant outlet.
TOP 5 with grill
The best microwave ovens with grill and wave processing cost a lot, but are always popular during holidays and outdoor trips. The rating of such improved models allows you to make a choice for those who often make barbecue and prefer frying without excess fat.
- BBK 23MWG-923M/BX is a roomy model from a manufacturer unknown to most. The volume of 23 liters allows you to prepare dishes of varying complexity, including grilling. Stylish design underlined silver color. In addition, the price for a domestic stove is very attractive. True, the weight of the microwave can be intimidating.
- LG MB-4342-BS likes its clear display and touch controls. The model is included in the rating due to its high-quality quartz grill and due to the presence of not only automatic, but also fast defrosting. Only a constant signal after work is completed can scare away.
- Bosch HMT-84G461 is popular due to its German quality and voluminous metal chamber. This oven has a lot of power, so you can quickly prepare food for the whole family. Minor disadvantages include noisy operation and loud sound alerts.
- Whirlpool MAX-36BL is ideal for a small but stylish home. This microwave has a small size and a memorable design, for which, however, you have to pay extra. The model is equipped with a high-quality quartz grill, so you can stew and bake food in it. There are only negative reviews regarding the lack of instant shutdown after finishing cooking.
- Panasonic NN-GT261-W has small dimensions and an excellent grill. This microwave oven is liked by all fans of the Japanese brand's products, but many users note its noise, unusual controls without a classic start button and problems with defects.
Leaderboard with convection
Those who are planning to buy the most powerful and multi-tasking microwave will probably be interested in the rating of convection models.
- Sharp R-8771LK allows you to intelligently combine microwaves with other modes. In this case, there is both an upper and a lower grill, which ensures a golden brown crust on all sides. The model comes with a wire rack and a recipe book. This microwave combines optimal price and quality despite the fact that the oven is made of stainless steel.
- Samsung CE118KFR has a camera capacity of as much as 32 liters. User reviews describe this model as very powerful, especially since it has 6 operating modes. The oven comes with a cookbook, a metal grill rack and a spit. The only disadvantage is the high price.
- The Körting KMI-925-CX is an unfamiliar oven to a wide audience. But those who chose a built-in microwave from a non-mass brand have never regretted such a purchase. The model has a quartz grill, a memorable design and contains many useful functions for cooking. Admittedly, managing programs may seem complicated at first.
All microwave ovens depending on functional content can be divided into the following types:
Solo– conventional microwave ovens are only capable of defrosting and heating food. These models use microwaves only. There are no other functions.
Microwave ovens with grill– in addition to the basic functions of defrosting and heating food, it also has a built-in heating element and a spit for cooking dishes in grill mode (grilled chicken, grilled meat, etc.). The heating element grill can be movable, that is, change the inclination.
Microwave ovens with convention– has the function of circulating hot air around the prepared product. You can cook a lot in this microwave different dishes, just like in a traditional electric oven.
Multifunctional microwave ovens - in addition to standard features They also have many additional modes that make the cooking process safer, more comfortable and varied.
For our safety, manufacturers implement the following protective functions in their models:
- Blocking the operation of the device if the door is opened during the cooking process;
- Child lock – eliminates the possibility of accidental activation;
- Radiation shield – protective agent, which should be in every model.
It is clear that it is the versatility of the model that makes its operation especially comfortable for us. Variety of modes and additional funds allow you to prepare complex dishes and help reveal your culinary abilities. In expensive multifunctional models of microwave ovens, the following functions are most often found:
I have listed the most popular functions of microwave ovens, but this is probably not full list. Different models combine these functions in different ways.
Types of microwave ovens by control method
According to the control method, all microwave ovens can be divided into three types:
Mechanical adjustment- this is the simplest and cheap way control equipment, which is inherent in budget solo models. Using two round knobs, the radiation power is set and the timer is turned on (time for heating or defrosting food). For models where there are several different modes, two switch knobs are not enough. Therefore, other types of microwave ovens use electronic controls.
Push Button Control– this is a more convenient electronic control of equipment. Push-button control is represented by a set of buttons on the instrument panel and is used in models that have different modes.
Touch control– essentially these are the same buttons, only touch ones. Such models, as a rule, have a display that shows the time, programs used, and the degree of readiness of the dish. Touch control is the best in terms of programming. It also allows you to set more precise parameters for the equipment.
Unfortunately, of this type The controls have one drawback: the touch buttons are very sensitive to voltage changes in the electrical network. When there are strong changes, they stop functioning normally.
Microwave oven chamber volume
The volumes of microwave ovens range from 9 to 41 liters. For a small family, it is enough to have a microwave oven with a volume of 17-23 liters. For a family of three or four people – from 23 liters or more. Almost all models of microwave ovens are equipped with a timer and illumination of the working chamber.
The larger the volume of the microwave chamber, the greater its power. The speed of cooking also depends on the power.
Types of internal coating of the chamber in microwave ovens
The interior of the camera is most often coated with highly durable enamel, which is easy to keep clean.
Ceramic coating is also quite common. Some manufacturers call it "bio-coating". It is also very durable. It is difficult to scratch, which prevents the growth of microbes in the oven. Fat does not linger on the perfectly smooth ceramic surface and slides down the walls of the chamber, so the device is easy to care for.
The inner lining of the chamber is made of stainless steel. Stainless steel can withstand any temperature, but it is somewhat more difficult to care for.