Calculation of heating batteries per area. Calculation of the number of heating radiator sections: recommendations for preparing data for calculation, formulas and calculator Bimetallic radiators how to calculate
When planning a major overhaul in your house or apartment, as well as when planning the construction of a new house, it is necessary to make calculation of the power of heating radiators... This will allow you to determine the number of radiators that can provide heat to your home in the most severe frosts. To carry out the calculations, it is necessary to find out the necessary parameters, such as the size of the premises and the power of the radiator, declared by the manufacturer in the attached technical documentation. The shape of the radiator, the material from which it is made, and the level of heat transfer are not taken into account in these calculations. Often, the number of radiators is equal to the number of window openings in the room, therefore, the calculated power is divided by the total number of window openings, so you can determine the size of one radiator.
It should be remembered that there is no need to make a calculation for the entire apartment, because each room has its own heating system and requires an individual approach. So if you have a corner room, then about twenty percent... The same amount should be added if your heating system is intermittent or has other efficiency disadvantages.
The calculation of the power of heating radiators can be carried out in three ways:
According to building codes and other rules, you need to spend 100W of power from your radiator per 1 square meter of living space. In this case, the necessary calculations are made using the formula:
C * 100 / R = K, where
TO- the power of one section of your radiator battery, according to the declared in its characteristics;
WITH- the area of the room. It is equal to the product of the length of the room and its width.
For example, a room is 4 meters long and 3.5 meters wide. In this case, its area is: 4 * 3.5 = 14 square meters.
The power of one section of the battery you have chosen is declared by the manufacturer to be 160 watts. We get:
14 * 100/160 = 8.75. the resulting figure must be rounded up and it turns out that such a room will require 9 heating radiator sections. If this is a corner room, then 9 * 1.2 = 10.8, rounded to 11. And if your heating system not effective enough, then again add 20 percent of the original number: 9 * 20/100 = 1.8 rounded to 2.
Total: 11 + 2 = 13. For a corner room with an area of 14 square meters, if the heating system works with short-term interruptions, you will need to purchase 13 sections of batteries.
Rough calculation - how many battery sections per square meter
It is based on the fact that heating radiators have certain dimensions during serial production. If the room has a ceiling height of 2.5 meters, then only one radiator section is required for an area of 1.8 square meters.
A radiator for a room with an area of 14 square meters is equal to:
14 / 1.8 = 7.8, rounded up to 8. So for a room with a ceiling height of 2.5m, eight radiator sections are needed. It should be borne in mind that this method is not suitable if the heating device has a low power (less than 60W) due to the large error.
Volumetric or for non-standard premises
This calculation is used for premises with high or very low ceilings... Here, the calculation is based on the data that 41W power is required to heat one meter of a cubic room. For this, the formula is applied:
K = O * 41, where:
TO- required number of radiator sections,
O- the volume of the room, it is equal to the product of the height and the width and the length of the room.
If the room has a height of 3.0m; length - 4.0m and width - 3.5m, then the volume of the room is equal to:
3.0 * 4.0 * 3.5 = 42 cubic meters.
The total heat demand for a given room is calculated:
42 * 41 = 1722W, given that one hundred power of one section is 160W, you can calculate their required number by dividing the total power requirement by the power of one section: 1722/160 = 10.8, rounded up to 11 sections.
If radiators are selected that are not divided into sections, the total number must be divided by the capacity of one radiator.
It is better to round the obtained data upwards, since manufacturers sometimes overestimate the declared power.
It's time to change the batteries.
Comfort in the cold season depends on the calculation of the number of nodes.
How to make all calculations and measurements correctly?
Everything is quite simple if you follow the instructions below.
Before purchasing radiators, we will consider ways to calculate the number of their elements.
The first method is based on the area of the room. Building standards (SNiP) state that for normal heating 1 sq. m requires 100 watts. thermal power. By measuring the length, width of the room, and multiplying these two values, we get the area of the room (S).
To calculate the total power (Q), substitute in the formula, Q = S * 100 W., our value. In the passport for heating radiators, the heat transfer of one element (q1) is indicated. Thanks to this information, we find out the required number of them. To do this, we divide Q by q1.
The second method is more accurate. It should also be used with a ceiling height of 3 meters or more. Its difference lies in measuring the volume of a room. The area of the room is already known, we measure the height of the ceiling, then we multiply these values. Substitute the resulting volume (V) to the formula Q = V * 41 W.
According to building codes 1 cubic meter m. should be heated by 41 W. thermal power. Now let's find the ratio of Q to q1, getting the total number of radiator nodes.
Let's summarize the intermediate result, take out data that will be needed for all types of calculations.
- Wall length;
- Wall width;
- Ceiling height;
- Power standards, heating unit area or volume of the room. They are given above;
- Minimum heat dissipation radiator element. It must be indicated in the passport;
- Wall thickness;
- Number of window openings.
A quick way to calculate the number of sections
If we are talking about replacing cast-iron radiators with bimetallic ones, you can do without scrupulous calculations. Taking into account several factors:
- The bimetallic section gives a ten percent increase in heat output compared to cast iron.
- Battery efficiency drops over time... This is due to deposits that cover the walls inside the radiator.
- Better to let it be warmer.
The number of cells in a bimetallic battery should be the same as that of its predecessor. However, this number increases by 1 - 2 pieces. This is done to combat future reductions in heater efficiency.
For a standard room
We already know this calculation method. It is described at the beginning of the article. Let us examine it in detail by referring to a specific example. Let's calculate the number of sections for a room with an area of 40 sq. m.
According to the rules of 1 sq. m requires 100 W... Let's assume that the power of one section is 200 watts. Using the formula, from the first section, we will find the required thermal power of the room. Multiply 40 sq. m. for 100 W, we get 4 kW.
To determine the number of sections, this number is divided by 200 watts. It turns out that 20 sections are required for a room with a given area. The main thing to remember is that the formula is relevant for apartments where the ceiling height is less than 2.7 m.
For non-standard
Non-standard rooms include corner, end rooms, with several window openings. Dwellings with a ceiling height of more than 2.7 meters also fall into this category.
For the former, the calculation is carried out according to the standard formula, but the final result is multiplied by a special coefficient, 1 - 1.3. Using the data obtained above: 20 sections, let's assume that the room is corner and has 2 windows.
The final result is obtained by multiplying 20 by 1.2. This room requires 24 sections.
If we take the same room, but with a ceiling height of 3 meters, the results will change again. Let's start by calculating the volume, multiply 40 sq. m. by 3 meters. Remembering that for 1 cubic meter m requires 41 W., we calculate the total thermal power. Received 120 cubic meters. m multiply by 41 W.
We get the number of radiators by dividing 4920 by 200 watts. But the room is corner with two windows, therefore, 25 must be multiplied by 1.2. Final total of 30 sections.
Precise calculations with many parameters
It is difficult to make such calculations. The above formulas are valid for a normal room in central Russia. The geographic location of the house and a number of other factors will add additional correction factors.
- The ultimate formula, for a corner room, must have an additional factor of 1.3.
- If the house is not located in the middle zone of the country, the additional factor is described by the building codes of this territory.
- It is necessary to take into account the installation location of the bimetallic radiator and decorative elements. For example, a niche under a window will take 7%, and a screen up to 25% of the thermal power of the battery.
- What the room will be used for.
- Wall material and thickness.
- What are the frames and glass.
- Door and window openings introduce additional problems. Let's dwell on them in more detail.
Walls with windows, street and doorways, change the standard formula. It is necessary to multiply the resulting number of sections by the heat transfer coefficient of the room, but it must first be calculated.
This indicator will be the sum of the heat transfer from the window, doorway and wall. All this information can be obtained by contacting SNiP, according to your type of premises.
Electric oil radiators, working principle and how to choose on
Useful tips for the correct arrangement of the heating system
Bimetallic radiators come from the factory connected in 10 sections. After calculations, we got 10, but we decided to add 2 more in reserve. So, it's best not to. Factory assembly is much more reliable, with a 5 to 20 year warranty.
The 12-section assembly will be in-store, with a warranty of less than a year. If the radiator leaks, soon after the end of this period, repairs will have to be carried out on our own. The result is unnecessary problems.
Let's talk about the effective power of the radiator. Characteristics of the bimetallic section specified in the product passport, proceed from the fact that the temperature head of the system is 60 degrees.
Such a pressure is guaranteed if the temperature of the coolant in the battery is 90 degrees, which does not always correspond to reality. This must be taken into account when calculating the room radiator system.
Below are the some tips for installing the battery:
- Distance from the sill to the top edge of the battery must be at least 5 cm. The air masses will be able to circulate normally and transfer heat to the entire room.
- The radiator needs to lag behind the wall by a length of 2 to 5 cm... If reflective insulation is to be attached behind the battery, elongated brackets must be purchased to provide the specified clearance.
- The lower edge of the battery is supposed to be spaced from the floor, equal to 10 cm... Failure to comply with the recommendation will worsen heat transfer.
- A radiator mounted against a wall, and not in a niche under a window, must have a gap with it, at least 20 cm. This will prevent the accumulation of dust behind it and help heat the room.
It is very important to make these calculations correctly. It depends on how efficient and economical the resulting heating system will be. All the information provided in the article is aimed at helping the layman with these calculations.
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Thanks to the equipment that regularly appears on the construction market, it is not difficult to choose certain household items for your home. The same applies to heating devices, the popularity of which especially increases with the onset of cold weather. At the same time, an increasing number of owners give preference to bimetallic samples of such equipment, which are distinguished by high technical characteristics and reliability.
But in order for all installation work to proceed without any problems, it is important to take into account many parameters, such as the thermal power of bimetallic heating radiators, the dimensions of bimetallic heating radiators, etc. how to calculate the number of sections of a bimetallic heating radiator so that the equipment works reliably and at the same time economically (read also: ""). This is what will be discussed further.
Advantages of bimetallic heating radiators
It's no secret that bimetallic heating radiators of which are quite compact and convenient for installation are one of the best devices that allow you to equip a high-quality and at the same time economical heating system.The main advantages of such products are the following:
- Long service life... It is quite problematic to indicate the specific operational life of these radiators, however, almost all manufacturers give a quality guarantee for a period of 20 years, which is quite a lot.
- Power of bimetallic heating radiators... If we compare similar products, for example, with samples made of aluminum, it is worth noting that only some aluminum heaters are able to provide the same power as bimetal radiators. In view of this, the calculation of bimetallic heating radiators is also simpler.
- High aesthetic properties... Such batteries will perfectly fit into a room with absolutely any interior, without violating its design. Moreover, the size of bimetallic radiators ensures that the equipment will not take up much space and will not cause inconvenience to the owners.
All these advantages contribute to the fact that these heating devices have gained wide popularity among consumers and today are perhaps the most common heating devices.
But these mechanisms still have a drawback - this is their cost. Bimetallic samples of radiators are much more expensive than analogs made of other, simpler materials. That is why it is important to take into account not only the size of the section of the bimetallic radiator, but also the number of these segments in the equipment, in order to save oneself from the need to overpay a significant part of the financial resources. How to calculate bimetallic heating radiators in accordance with the number of their sections should be described in more detail (read: "").
Rules for calculating the number of sections of bimetallic radiators
Speaking about such heating devices as heating radiators, bimetallic calculation of sections, of course, would be more correct to entrust specialists with experience in such work. Qualified craftsmen will accurately and competently carry out all the calculations and help determine which of the radiator samples is best installed in a particular room. In addition, professional workers will be able to provide various product photos and videos on their correct installation.Arguing about the installation of equipment such as heating batteries, bimetallic calculations must necessarily take place taking into account the following factors:
- the thickness of the walls of the building being equipped and the material from which it is made;
- types of windows installed in the room;
- availability of additional heating;
- standard climatic factors (temperature, humidity, etc.);
- the number of external walls;
- floor height;
- the total area of the dwelling.
Self-calculation of the power of bimetallic radiators for 1 m² of the room
By installing bimetallic heating radiators, the calculation can be performed independently, that is, without the help of professional craftsmen. There is a convenient and simple way for this.Initially, you need to decide which bimetallic batteries are planned to be installed. After calculating the area of the premises, it will be possible to obtain information on exactly how many products will need to be purchased.
It will be necessary to select the required standard governing the required power for 1 m² of the room. This means that it will be necessary to decide how many watts of energy can heat an area of 1 m² at a given ceiling height.
If the room has only one window and is equipped with one wall, then approximately 100 watts of energy may be required for quality heating.
But in the event that there are two outer walls in a room with one window, then the power of the bimetallic radiator section should be about 120 watts. It should be remembered that such calculations relate to the ceiling of a standard height of 2.7 m (in more detail: "").
It also happens that the ceiling height in the room does not coincide with the standard one, and the room has two windows and two outer walls. In this case, the power of one section of the bimetallic radiator should not be less than 130 W, so that every square meter of the room is well warmed up.
The principle of calculating bimetallic radiators for a room
By installing bimetallic radiators, the dimensions of the room will help determine how much power the purchased sample should have. To do this, it will be enough just to multiply the above-described calculation results by the entire area of the space being equipped.As you know, the area of a room is calculated by multiplying its length by its width. But in the event that the shape of the room is non-standard and it is rather difficult to calculate its perimeter, then some error in the calculations can be allowed, but the result should be rounded up.
When considering such equipment as heating radiators, the bimetallic dimensions of the section also play an important role, since its height must be suitable for the installation site of these batteries (read: "").
One of the parameters of such devices as bimetallic radiators - the section power - has already been considered earlier. Now it is necessary to dwell in more detail on the number of functional segments for this apparatus. It will not be difficult to calculate the number of sections: for this, you need to divide the total power required for heating the room by the power of one section of the desired radiator model.
Watch a video about the advantages of bimetallic radiators:
Speaking about such a parameter as the size of heating radiators, bimetallic samples often have a fixed number of sections, especially for modern products. If the assortment is limited only by such devices, then it is necessary to choose the model, the number of sections in which is as close as possible to the number obtained as a result of calculations. But, of course, it would be more correct to dwell on samples with a large number of segments, since a certain excess of heat is still definitely better than a lack of it. Read also: "".
How to calculate the number of sections
To make it clearer, for example, you can calculate the number of sections of a bimetallic radiator, the total power of which is 200 W, and the area of the room is 30 m². To do this, you can use the following formula: 30 * 100/200 = 15 (in more detail: "").This means that for high-quality and full-fledged heating of a room with such parameters, you will need to use a radiator with 15 sections. And do not forget that such a calculation option will be relevant only for rooms with a standard ceiling height, that is, no more than three meters, as well as with one window and one outer wall.
To illustrate this with a concrete example, you can take a room with two outside walls and two windows as a basis. Then the calculations will be as follows: 15 * 1.2 = 18, where 1.2 is the required coefficient. That is, for such a room, the most correct solution would be to install three bimetallic radiators equipped with six sections.
Many suppliers of this heating equipment on their websites provide very simple and understandable calculation programs with which you can make all the calculations just by entering the required data in the field. As a result, the program will calculate the required amount of equipment and compare the cost of certain types of heaters (for more details: "").
Such a service will be especially convenient for those who do not want to spend a lot of time doing calculations. If you wish, you can also ask for help from specialists who always have various photos of samples of bimetallic radiators available and are ready to share information on their correct calculation.
At the moment, you can send an application for calculating heating to
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Calculation of bimetallic radiators heating today is a very important task, both for a simple owner of his house or apartment, and for a professional installer and plumber! Calculation of sections of a bimetallic radiator our online calculator allows you to easily determine the required number of sections for heating the desired room. thanks to high-quality input data, correctly filled in additional and basic parameters, you will be able to produce calculation of the number of sections of bimetallic radiators within 10-15 seconds!
Bimetallic radiators are very popular due to their heat transfer and reliability, they are also lightweight, which makes their installation very convenient and comfortable. The reliability of this type of radiator lies in the fact that it consists of a steel frame, which in turn has an aluminum skin, which gives excellent heat dissipation.
Bimetallic heating radiators calculation which will be a pleasant experience with our online calculator!
When changing cast-iron batteries for new-type devices, it is very important to correctly calculate the number of sections of bimetallic heating radiators. Replacing heating devices is quite costly, so everything should be organized correctly from the beginning.
Why is it important to calculate the number of sections correctly? The room temperature directly depends on the number of sections. A device with a large number of extra sections is a waste of money, since it will not warm up, and accordingly it will work ineffectively. A too small heating radiator will work at full capacity and also ineffectively.
Rice. oneThere are several rules to consider when calculating the size of a heating radiator. For instance:
- The heat transfer of a bimetallic heating device is much higher than that of a cast iron battery;
- Over time, the operation of the radiator becomes less efficient, since the core of the bimetallic device is clogged with deposition products;
- Better to let the heat be more than not enough.
Often, experts recommend installing the same number of bimetallic sections as there were cast iron sections (Fig. 2). 1-2 sections can be added to guarantee. Considering that the heat transfer of bimetallic devices is much higher, heating the room will be efficient.
Rice. 2 The ratio of cast iron and bimetallic heating appliances
Methods for calculating the number of sections
- By area;
- By volume.
There are SNiP standards that establish the minimum value of the radiator power per 1 m2 of area. This figure also depends on the region of the country. For this calculation, you need to know the area of the room that will be heated (room). Namely, you need to multiply the width by the length (A).
Next, you need to take into account the power indicator per 1 m2, as a rule, this figure is 100 watts. Further, the area of the room is multiplied by 100 W. The resulting figure should be divided by the power of one section of the bimetallic radiator (B). Different models of heating radiators may have different power, it also depends on the price.
Namely, the formula looks like this: (A * 100) / B = number of pieces.
For example, the area of the room is 16 m2, and the power of one section of the bimetallic radiator is 160 W. Calculation: (16 * 100) / 160 = 10 pieces
This calculation of sections of bimetallic radiators will be correct only if the height of the ceilings in the room does not exceed 3 m. Also, heat losses through windows, the degree of wall insulation, etc. are not taken into account. If there is more than 1 window in the room, then 2-3 units should be added to the bimetallic heating radiator.
Rice. 3Calculation according to the volume of the room
This method of calculation consists in calculating the size of the heating radiator, with an indicator of the volume of the room. This means that the power metering is performed per m3. SNiP norms establish a minimum power indicator of 41 W.
For example, the area becomes 16 m2, and the ceiling height is 2.7 m:
- 16 * 2.7 = 43 m3 (room volume).
- 1771/160 = 11.06 (pieces).
But there are other indicators that are designed for different features of the location of the premises, or the climatic conditions of the region. For example, if the room is corner, then the result obtained must also be multiplied by a factor of 1.3:
- 11.06 * 1.3 = 14.38, you should round up and get 15 pieces.
If the winter in the region is very cold (for example, the Far North), then this coefficient becomes 1.6:
- 11.06 * 1.6 = 17.69, you need to round up, and you get 18 pieces.
If the calculation of the number of sections is done for a private house, then of course you need to take into account the heat loss of the roof, walls, floor. In this case, the coefficient becomes 1.5:
- 11.06 * 1.5 = 16.59, you need to round up, and you get 17 pieces.
Design calculations
A more accurate calculation is made by qualified specialists when designing a heating system. In this case, the following parameters are included in the formula:
- The quantity and quality of windows, doors, balconies, etc.
- The material from which the walls and partitions are made.
- The area where the house is located, and the calculation according to the cardinal points.
- The purpose of the room, for example, a kitchen, a bedroom, or a pantry.
- A method of placing a room, for example, a corner room or in the middle, floor accounting, etc.
- The volume of the rooms.
Experts calculate all indicators in accordance with the SNiP regulations for heating. All sizes and coefficients are described there. Stores that specialize in heating technology have special calculators. Sales consultants enter all the parameters and make an accurate calculation. And right away, according to all the parameters obtained, you can choose the desired model. If the sections are larger, that is, they have a greater height, then fewer of them will be required, and if the sections are small, then the bimetallic heating radiator will be wide enough.
Often, to improve the aesthetic appearance, screens for heating radiators are installed or curtains are hung on the window openings. This also needs to be taken into account and added to the power of the radiator 10%.
Choosing the right heating radiator, you need to take into account the power of the installed boiler.
Namely, the characteristic of the thermal head is taken as a basis. The thermal head depends on the degree of water heating in the heating system and the quality of the heating process. As a rule, manufacturers indicate in the passport for a bimetallic heating radiator the power according to the thermal pressure of 600C, the initial temperature of the coolant is about 900C.