How is the thermostat for heating arranged and how does it work?

No one will object that a constant temperature in a living room is a guarantee of comfort and coziness. There are two ways to maintain a stable temperature - manual (mechanical) or automatic adjustment. Of course, the simplest option, which is reliable, cheap and unpretentious, is to install a thermostat for heating a house or apartment.

Usually, the adjustment occurs due to a change in the temperature of the coolant. So, in principle, all boilers with a built-in liquid temperature sensor work. Such an adjustment is very rough and inconvenient, because at the same time the air temperature in the room can differ significantly from the comfortable value when the outside temperature changes. This significant drawback is easily eliminated by using a room thermostat for a gas boiler; it is simply necessary to buy it. It will balance the operation of the boiler, which, thanks to its smooth operation, will last much longer. In addition, the efficiency of the system is increased by saving fuel.

How does a thermostat work and how does it work?

Standard thermostats for heating boilers have air temperature sensors. They are recommended to be installed in an area where the influence of heating devices is excluded. The data from the sensor in the thermostat control unit is compared with the set room temperature. In case of deviation, the device generates a signal that corrects the operation of the heating boiler. The control signal enters the boiler control unit via wires or wirelessly. It should be noted that wireless devices are becoming more widespread.

Modern thermostats for the heating system help control the temperature in the room, save energy and ensure the safe mode of the heating boiler, preventing it from overheating.

Many online stores offer a room thermostat for a gas boiler, of course, the price is different. Different models with different functionality, quality and of course with different prices. The cost also depends on the manufacturer of the device.

How the thermostat is connected to the boiler

The operation of the boiler is controlled, i.e., it is turned on and off using a control signal that forms a thermostat. All modern boilers have input points to which the thermostat is connected to the gas boiler with the cable included in the kit. If there is no cable, then the connection is made to the terminals.

Today, you can buy a thermostat for heating in any specialized store or online. The prices are so different, dozens of models are offered, with different designs, functions and quality, that it is difficult to decide. The right choice can only be made by talking to the manager, who must know the type of heating system, power, type of boiler and batteries. This is the only way to choose a controller with the best price/quality ratio.

Temperature controllers for batteries

If in a private house the owner is his own boss and can easily automate the operation of his heating system, then in apartments with central heating everything is much more complicated. Therefore, in such a dwelling, the means of ensuring comfortable temperature conditions are those installed on each battery.

Of course, you can make a simple manual adjustment using an ordinary tap. The installation location of the tap depends on the circuit system used, but in principle a mechanical thermostat for heating should be installed in series with the radiator, but in such a way as not to affect all other batteries and the heating system as a whole. Of course, such an adjustment is rather rough, but sometimes its application is effective and does not require large expenditures.

Automatic battery thermostats

An automatic thermostat for a heating battery is most often used in apartment buildings, because the owners do not have the opportunity to regulate the temperature of the coolant in the central boiler room. Such a thermostat is installed in series with the battery so that the temperature is regulated only in it.

There is another type - a thermostat for heating batteries, which, by supplying an electrical signal, controls the operation of the boiler. But it is rational to use such devices only in autonomous heating systems.

The range of thermostat models is extremely extensive. On sale there are the simplest models and models of wireless communication with a display and compatible with the Internet, programmable with the possibility of remote control and management. How much does a thermostat for heating cost? The price in each case will correspond to the chosen model. Consulting a specialist will help you make an informed choice and save money.

Temperature controllers for convectors

A popular device - a thermostat for a convector is available in two series. They can be mechanical or electronic. Each of them has certain advantages and disadvantages. Any of them is quickly installed and simple and easy to manage.

Mechanical thermostat

In the design of most mechanical thermostats (thermostats for heating), a gas-filled bellows is used, which opens and closes the contacts, turning the equipment on or off. Such regulators are inexpensive, but keep in mind that the load should not exceed 3.5 kW, and relay clicks can be annoying at night.

Electronic thermostat

An electronic programmable thermostat for heating, for example, the TCL-03.11SA Prog model, has an LCD display. The adjustment range is from + 5 degrees to +40 C. The thermostat controls the connected convectors electronically, using powerful switching semiconductor devices for switching.

The feature list is impressive:

Automatic temperature control for electric boiler

The modern room thermostat for electric boiler is designed using the latest electronic components. The principle of its operation is almost the same as for thermostats for. The power of an electric boiler usually does not exceed 3 kW, therefore, along with specially made thermostats for electric boilers, thermostats for convectors can be used, but taking into account the permissible switching power.

The original thermostat for electric heating must ensure that a powerful electric boiler is turned on or off. Many thermostats use relatively powerful relays that are not very reliable, and their contacts can burn and oxidize. Therefore, the use of powerful electronic devices instead of relays, such as thyristors or triacs, significantly increases the functionality and reliability of temperature controllers.

Overhead thermostats

A consignment note thermostat for heating has been created and is being produced, which is superimposed on a heating pipe or on any tank. The principle of operation for all thermostats is the same, the difference is in the details, design and advanced functionality of some models. A modern thermostat laid on to the heating pipe is fixed for better contact in order to more accurately regulate the temperature of the coolant. The set of this regulator contains a special spring for fixing on the object. Mechanical blocking of the exposed temperature is provided.

Technical characteristics of the overhead thermostat AT-10:

Subject to the requirements of the instructions, the warranty period is 2 years.

Homemade thermostats for heating systems

The simplest device that can control the operation of a heating boiler to a certain extent is a mechanical timer. You can set the time to turn on the boiler, the time to turn it off. Of course, this primitive device has a lot of drawbacks.

Now almost any electronic components are on sale, so for people who are familiar with electrical and radio engineering, making a thermostat for heating with their own hands is absolutely no problem. As a temperature sensor in such designs, semiconductor diodes and transistors are often used, in which the current through the junction depends on temperature at a constant voltage.

A simple electronic circuit is assembled with a comparator on an operational amplifier. The comparator compares the reference voltage and the voltage from the temperature sensor. The error signal generated by the comparator is amplified and fed to the control element.

Relays or triacs

To control an electric boiler or convector, powerful relays are most often used, the contacts of which are rated for current up to 16 A. Such a relay can switch loads up to 2.5 kW.

It is best to use triacs in your design, which can switch significant currents of hundreds of amperes.

There are enough circuits for temperature controllers and circuits for controlling thyristors and triacs in the network. If there is a desire, then it is better to use the experience and experience of people who have already made thermostats. In most cases, the technical data of such “home-made products” exceeds industrial designs.