Features of preparing various types of adhesives at home. How to make paste from flour

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Glue is a substance that is used in household and in almost all areas of production. The reason for such popularity of adhesives is the ability to connect objects that are different in shape, composition and not the same in size. Modern views adhesives provide high connection reliability and aesthetics.

Due to the huge scope of use of adhesives in the household, there are very often cases when glue is urgently needed, but it is not available. And then many people wonder how to make glue at home?

So let's look at how to make different kinds adhesives at home.

How to make PVA glue at home

In order to prepare PVA glue with your own hands, you need to select the following ingredients:

• glycerin – 4 grams;
• wheat flour – 100 grams;
• distilled water – 1 liter;
• ethyl alcohol – 20 ml;
• photographic gelatin – 5 grams.

Some of these raw materials are always available at home, and the rest you can buy at the pharmacy. Before preparing the glue, you need to soak the gelatin in plain water a day before.

When the gelatin has already infused, it is necessary to build water bath from kitchen utensils. Place all raw ingredients, not including alcohol and glycerin, in a container and cook in a water bath.

Stir the resulting mixture constantly and wait until it reaches the desired consistency (thick).

When the mass has become thick, you can add ethyl alcohol and glycerin to it. Next, you need to thoroughly stir the mass until there are no inhomogeneities in it. After the mass has become homogeneous, you can stop the process of preparing the glue. You can use homemade PVA glue as soon as it cools down.

DIY wood glue

Quite often in the household it is necessary to glue wood, cardboard or paper. And then it is best to prepare wood glue at home. To prepare it you need a tile of wood glue. Before directly preparing the glue, you need to break the tiles into small pieces and place them in a container. Next you need to fill the pieces of tile cold water, wait 10-12 hours until the glue absorbs water and forms a gelatinous mass.

After this, the container with glue must be placed in a water bath and stirred constantly so that it does not burn. If you need wood glue of a thin consistency, then it would be advisable to add hot water to the mixture. There is no need to bring the glue to a boil; when there are no lumps in it, it means it is ready.

If you need to glue the leather together with wood glue, then you need to add glycerin to the prepared mass. Calculation: 1 teaspoon per 0.5 liter of glue.

Features of preparing tile adhesive at home

If you have already purchased facing tiles and want to work, then you need to prepare tile adhesive with your own hands. As a rule, the adhesive mixture is prepared from cement and sand, water and PVA glue. Sand acts as a filler and should be small sizes, the maximum grain diameter is no more than 2 millimeters.

The ratio of cement and sand should be 1:3. In this case, the measure is not the weight of the materials, but their volume. For example, 2 buckets of cement require 6 buckets of sand.

It must be remembered that tile adhesive hardens quickly and must be prepared immediately before installation. facing tiles. The tile adhesive solution can be used for no more than three hours.

Making glue at home is carried out in the following sequence of actions:

• Cement and sand are thoroughly mixed.
• Then water is added to the resulting mixture, having previously dissolved PVA glue in it. A bucket of tile adhesive requires 0.5 kg of adhesive. If the facing work will be carried out in a room with high humidity, for example in the bathroom, then the volume of glue can increase and reach a maximum of 3 kg.
• Then the tile adhesive is thoroughly mixed, its consistency should be thick. If the mass has become homogeneous, it means that the glue is ready for use.

The bonding strength of homemade tile adhesive is quite high, but is inferior to industrial analogues.

How to make casein glue at home

If casein powder is available

According to its properties casein glue similar to carpenter's adhesive, but it is not afraid of moisture. Making casein glue with your own hands is quite simple. To prepare it, you need a flat container, casein powder, borax and water. First, casein powder is poured with water and allowed to brew for three hours. Then the borax must be dissolved in hot water in a ratio of 1:7. The resulting solution is added to casein. This mixture is heated in a water bath to 70 ° C and stirred constantly. The glue can be used 40 minutes after it is removed from the water bath.

If you do not have casein powder, then you can prepare it yourself.

How to make casein glue from milk

To prepare casein powder, you need skim milk. The milk is placed in a warm place to sour and then filtered using cotton wool or blotting paper. Next, the casein remaining on the paper is washed in water and boiled. Finally, the casein must be spread out on paper and dried at room temperature.

After preparing the casein powder, you can begin to produce glue. To prepare the glue you need borax, water and casein powder in a ratio of 1:4:10. Next, mix the raw ingredients, but first add half the water. Then add the remaining water to the resulting thick consistency and mix everything thoroughly. Casein glue must be used immediately; it hardens after 3 hours.

Features of preparing wood glue

Making your own wood glue is very easy. The composition of this glue includes: flour, water, aluminum alum, rosin in a ratio of 40:10:1.5:3. All raw materials are filled with water and mixed thoroughly. Then the mixture is placed on low heat and heated. As soon as the glue begins to thicken, it is removed from the heat.

Use wood glue immediately before it hardens.

How to make waterproof glue

Quite often, households need glue that is not afraid of dampness. This type of glue is usually called waterproof. Waterproof glue is used for tiling work in kitchens and bathrooms. This type of glue can be purchased ready-made, or you can prepare it yourself at home.

There are several ways to produce glue at home:

1. The first method of preparing glue requires cottage cheese or curdled milk, slaked lime. These two components are mixed until a thick, homogeneous mass is obtained. After this, the glue is ready for use, but you must remember that after applying the substance to the surfaces, you need to carefully compress and dry them.

2. Adhering to the second method of making glue, you need to purchase 100 grams of high-quality wood glue, 35 grams of drying oil. Wood glue is placed in a glass and simmered over low heat until it becomes liquid. Then add drying oil and stir the mixture thoroughly. This glue must always be warmed before use. Such hot glue connects perfectly with his own hands wooden surfaces, used when laying tiles, it is not afraid of either cold or hot water.

Knowing how to prepare various types of adhesives at home, you can always complete all tasks efficiently and on time. household work, creating a cozy and pleasant atmosphere.

When the need arises to glue something together, PVA glue immediately comes to mind. Now every schoolchild or office worker has it and is truly an irreplaceable thing. It can be used to reliably assemble paper crafts, wooden or plastic toys.

Accidentally broke a glass or ceramic item? And this is where PVA comes in handy. If you don’t have time to run out and buy a ready-made solution, then making PVA glue at home is very simple. The simple composition, the absence of rare components - all this makes the home preparation of PVA especially relevant.

What is PVA

The invention of chemists PVA stands for polyvinyl acetate. In a factory environment this is the main thing active substance, occupying 95% of the composition. The remaining 5% comes from various additives that provide the mixture with adhesive resistance and the required viscosity.

Glue is used not only for office work and creativity, but also in construction and repair. It can be used to prime walls before finishing, apply wallpaper, improve adhesion when laying tiles, and repair furniture.

When does it make sense to make your own glue?

Despite the huge range of adhesive products in stores, some people prefer to use glue own production. Moreover, liquid of a certain thickness is prepared for different tasks.

What is better, buy ready-made adhesive or make it yourself? If glue is required for delicate or critical work, then it makes sense to turn to factory-made products. They are not very expensive - 1 kg can cost around 40-60 rubles. But often manufacturers proceed from savings and produce not the best product.

If you look at the photo of PVA glue, you can see that good glue does not contain lumps or foreign inclusions.

The color of the glue should be uniform - white or beige. Therefore, if there are doubts about the quality of the product, it is better to prepare PVA on your own.

Properties of homemade glue

The popularity of PVA glue can be explained by its unique characteristics, which set it apart from other materials with an adhesive effect:

Frost resistance of at least 4 cycles. The composition is not afraid of temperature changes and cold weather. It is worth mentioning that this is a feature of the paste already applied to the substrate. In the liquid state it is sensitive to negative temperatures and quickly loses all its qualities.

High adhesive activity. Standards governing industrial production PVA indicate that the tensile strength of glued joints is at least 550 N/m. With proper technology for preparing the product at home, this figure should not become less.

Safety at all stages homemade, as well as in use and storage. Due to the absence of harmful elements that irritate the skin, the glue is allowed to be used by children over 2 years old. If a small amount gets into your eyes, rinse them thoroughly under running water.

When in contact with water or solvents such as acetone or benzene, the mass dissolves. This is very convenient if the glue has not been used for a long time and has thickened or the layer was applied incorrectly. But when introducing toxic diluents into the composition, you should be careful - PVA becomes hazardous to health.

Due to its properties, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, after drying, is insoluble in water and does not shrink. But it is possible to make PVA glue waterproof after hardening only when all proportions during preparation are observed.

The hardened compound is flexible and durable. They can fill installation gaps up to 2 mm wide.

What kind of PVA is there?

Few people know that there are several varieties of PVA, which determine the scope of their application. The purpose will be indicated by the letter indicated in the brand designation:

• stationery (PVA-K), used for gluing cardboard and paper;
• wallpaper or household (PVA-O), intended for construction purposes;
• universal (PVA-MB) with a wide spectrum of action;
• superglue (PVA-M) for gluing heavy workpieces (ceramic tiles, osb boards);
• dispersive, characterized by rapid setting.

Ingredients for homemade PVA

The process of making PVA yourself can be roughly divided into 3 stages - purchasing the necessary ingredients, preliminary preparation components to work and the moment of cooking itself.

The minimum set from which you can make PVA glue with your own hands requires the following components:

• purified distilled water - 0.5 l.
• wheat flour – 50 g;
• glycerin – 2 g;
• ethyl alcohol – 10 ml (technical alcohol can be used);
• photogelatine – 2.5 g.

Glycerin and alcohol can be purchased at a pharmacy, flour at a regular grocery store. Distilled water is offered in auto stores and manufactured goods stores.

The hardest part is finding photographic gelatin. To do this, you will need to visit photographic or photo printing stores.

Preparing to create glue

The preparatory stage includes dissolving photogelatin. The process is similar to what cooks use to make jelly or cream.

• Pour distilled water into a 200 ml glass.
• Place gelatin there.
• Let it stand for 24 hours so that it swells well.

If the mixture turns out thick, you can thin it hot water. That's all - carry out the rest of the steps the next day.

Cooking PVA

Before preparing PVA, it is necessary to sift the flour well to eliminate debris and foreign particles. The glue is prepared using the “water bath” method. To do this, take two containers of different diameters: one should fit into the other.

Step-by-step instructions on how to make PVA glue

Pour into a large saucepan plain water and heat on the stove. A smaller saucepan with distilled water is placed inside this vessel. The bottom of the small vessel should not touch the water in the first pan.

Add the gelatin prepared the day before into distilled water in small portions. In the same parts, place flour dissolved in a small amount of water into the solution. Stir constantly to avoid the formation of lumps.

Bring the contents of a small saucepan to a boil and turn off the stove. The finished contents should resemble sour cream in consistency.

Add glycerin and alcohol to the slightly cooled “broth”, stirring continuously until the mass is completely homogeneous.
Pour the finished product into a convenient container for use and storage.

PVA storage

Hand-brewed glue must be stored in a closed jar at a positive temperature of 10-15 degrees. within 6 months. But it is not always possible to provide such conditions, as a result of which the glue loses its functionality. In such cases, the question of how to make PVA glue thicker or thinner becomes very relevant.

Bringing glue back to life

Only warm water is suitable for dilution; solvents negatively affect the properties of PVA. The quantity is determined by eye, and the composition is visually adjusted to the desired viscosity. Water is poured in in a thin stream with vigorous stirring. If the glue has become very thick, the crust and large suspensions are removed from its surface. And only then do they start diluting.

The opposite problem - thickening the glue - is even easier to solve. It is enough to leave very liquid glue with the lid slightly open. The water contained in the composition will evaporate and the product will become dense.

Photo of PVA glue at home

Industrial glue does not always satisfy the consumer, and sometimes force majeure circumstances arise when something needs to be glued, but there is nothing suitable at home. Self-prepared adhesives will help out.

PVA glue at home - an affordable recipe

When there is an urgent need to glue parts together, but there is nothing at hand, you can make glue yourself. There are many recipes that reveal the secrets of their manufacture. Most do not require any special components; all are available and commercially available. By adhering to the recipe and technology, you can be confident in the quality of the ingredients. (PVA) is one of the most popular due to its versatility and wide range of consumption. It is used to join paper, cardboard, leather, wood, fabrics, glass, and porcelain. In everyday life, it has proven itself well as wallpaper glue and a composition for furniture repair. PVA is widely used in construction as an additive to increase adhesion, gluing linoleum and tiles.

It is quite possible to make PVA at home; of course, the glue will not fully meet the industrial recipe, but the characteristics of such a home-made composition are similar to those of a store-bought one. We buy ingredients: distilled water, gelatin used in photography, glycerin, wheat flour, ethyl alcohol. If we buy glycerin and alcohol at the pharmacy, then photo gelatin can only be found in specialized photography stores. Distilled water is sold in auto stores.

First, soak 5 grams of gelatin in a small amount of water for a day so that it swells well. Immediately before preparing the PVA, stir 100 grams of flour with cold water until smooth and without lumps. Heat a liter of water in a water bath, gradually pouring in a solution of gelatin and flour. Stirring constantly, bring to a boil and turn off the heat. Add 4 grams of glycerin and 20 ml of alcohol, mix everything for 5-10 minutes to obtain a thick, homogeneous mass. Cooled PVA is ready for use. Despite its versatility, the capabilities of PVA are still limited to certain materials. But there are alternatives, including homemade, which we will discuss below.

Wallpaper paste made from flour - how to prepare it correctly?

The variety of wallpaper adhesives and their recipes are amazing. Each package indicates what adhesive is made from for different types of wallpaper. It is unlikely that you will be able to prepare this at home, but there is a recipe for flour paste - old and proven over the years.

Preparing the paste is simple and quick: you need flour or starch and water. For two or three rolls of wallpaper, one liter is enough. For this amount we take 6 tablespoons of starch or flour. We put a liter of water on the fire, and while it boils, separately dilute the flour in a small volume of cold water. Stir thoroughly so that there are not the slightest lumps. The thickness of the mixture should resemble sour cream. Slowly pour it into boiling water, stirring constantly. Let it boil again and leave to cool.

Ready composition The consistency should resemble thick jelly. The use of paste for gluing walls with wallpaper ensures that they will adhere perfectly to a wall made of any material. It is also capable of joining any kind of paper and cardboard. The advantages are undeniable: very cheap, environmentally friendly. The quality of a properly prepared paste is superior to some industrial samples.

How to join wooden materials - a simple solution

Wood glue is traditionally used for gluing wood, which is considered the best for these purposes. It has some features that do not allow it to be stored in finished form for a long time. In a liquid state, after a short time it turns into gelatin and is covered with mold. More long time A gelatinous mass can be stored, from which pieces are cut for subsequent preparation of casein glue. There are several cooking methods.

According to the first method, we grind the most common wood glue and soak it in water until it swells completely. Ready mix soft, reminiscent of jelly. We melt this mass in a water bath in a container called a glue bottle. If it is not there, we use any utensil, even a tin can. The fire should be very low, make sure that the mass does not burn. Burnt glue turns yellow and is weaker than properly prepared glue.

Constantly stir the gelatinous mass wooden stick until it becomes liquid. Add vodka to this liquid at the rate of one liter per 760 grams. You will need powdered alum - 12 grams per 100 grams of glue. This recipe allows you to prepare the most durable wood glue with water-repellent properties.

It’s easier to make wood glue using the second method. In a glass bottle, bring wood glue to a boil in the same ratio with water. When the mixture begins to cool and becomes thicker, pour it into a porcelain mortar and grind with a pestle until the mass becomes gelatinous. Place the mixture on a plate, wait until it cools, and cut into smaller pieces. If necessary, dissolve the piece in water 1:1 and vodka, with which we take half the mass of the workpiece. Boil the mixture and cool.

Another easy way. We take equal parts of wood glue, 9% vinegar and vodka. First, boil the vinegar and glue in a water bath until the mixture is completely dissolved. Stirring constantly, add vodka. According to another recipe, we heat equal parts of glue and water in a water bath until the mixture becomes thick. Add glycerin equal in mass to the glue and continue heating until the water has completely evaporated. Dry the finished mixture and, if necessary, dilute it with water in equal proportions.

The possibilities of wood glue – did you know about it?

The capabilities of wood glue are not limited to just gluing wooden products, they are much wider. Based on it, you can prepare many adhesive compositions for various purposes. We will talk about syndeticone below, but for now let’s focus on other recipes.

It turns out that you can glue wood with metal, stone, glass with it, you just need to prepare the adhesive paste. Sift wood ash through a fine sieve and add it to hot wood glue. To restore book bindings or create new ones, we also use wood glue to which we add glycerin (by weight, 1 part glycerin for 20 parts of glue). You can make waterproof glue, just add 1 part to 4 parts of hot wood glue natural drying oil.

How to isolate casein from cottage cheese and milk?

This universal remedy for household repair work used not only for joining wood to wood, but also in combination with other materials: cardboard, plastic, fabric, leather. It is also capable of firmly gluing earthenware, plastic, and foam. Proper work with such glue guarantees that the connection will be strong and durable.

On sale casein is heavy White powder, and to make glue from it, you only need water. But you can isolate casein from ordinary cow’s milk at home. The method is little known, but interesting. In addition to milk, vinegar is used, which separates it into liquid and solid components. With the addition of soda, an alkaline environment is formed, which dissolves casein. You should be aware that the resulting product is not food grade.

To make casein glue, we perform simple operations with our own hands:

1. 1. In any container ( better frying pan) heat the milk, but do not bring it to a boil. Add 9 teaspoons of vinegar per liter of hot milk and heat, stirring until lumps of curd and whey form.
2. 2. Through a sieve, separate the solid part from the liquid and put it back on the frying pan. Add a little water and 3 tablespoons of soda, heat until bubbles appear on the surface.
3. 3. Mix the mass well and leave to cool. It can be used as glue.

You can also isolate casein from cottage cheese by defatting it. To do this, soak it in an alkaline solution for 20 minutes. Prepare an alkaline solution from two spoons baking soda, dissolved in water. Then rinse the cottage cheese thoroughly running water, squeeze and dry. Once dry it will become hard. We prepare a powder from it, which is casein.

Prepare glue from dry casein powder. We measure required amount powder and twice as much water. Pour the powder into a flat-bottomed bowl, add water little by little, without stopping stirring. The quality of the desired product depends on the quality of mixing. You can use a regular mixer, the work will go faster, but by hand it will take at least half an hour. The result will be a thick mass that must be used immediately, otherwise in about two hours it will harden and become unusable.

How to create hot melt adhesive - nothing could be easier

Perhaps the best invention that allows you to stick everything to everything is hot or thermoplastic glue. It has one feature that fundamentally distinguishes it from its counterparts - it passes from solid to liquid and back without losing its qualities and without changing volume. Industrially produced as rods different colors. To use it, you will need special equipment - a heat gun.

You can make hot glue at home from ordinary plastic bottle. To do this, we cut strips of the required length, twice as wide as the parts to be glued. We bend the strip in half along its length and place it on one of the surfaces to be glued. Will need construction hair dryer, which we use to heat the plastic. When it softens, apply another part and wait until it hardens completely. Cut off excess glue with a knife.

The advantage of homemade hot glue is that it can be reused. If gluing does not work the first time, heat up the joint and repeat the process. If the parts are connected by mistake, it’s okay: we heat up and separate the parts, remove the remaining glue. The parts glued in this way are held tightly. Industrial hot melt adhesive is disposable - only rods are used for the hot melt gun.

Homemade superglue - a universal assistant for the master

You can get glue with the characteristics of a universal one using carpentry glue. Take 400 ml of water and dissolve half a glass of sugar, mix in slaked lime - 30 grams. Heat for an hour, stirring all the time. We get a clear solution, drain it and add 120 grams of wood glue, cut into pieces. We wait for the moment of complete swelling and cook as usual until a homogeneous substance is obtained.

You can make superglue using another recipe. Very affordable way, which does not require large expenditures - based on acetone. We use pieces of linoleum or plastic as filler. Place in small pieces in a container, which can then be tightly closed. Fill the raw material with double the amount of acetone, seal the container hermetically and place it in a dark place. We watch when everything dissolves and use it to join wood, metal, porcelain and other things.

Minor household repairs - using improvised means

Occasionally you have to glue things together that are made from rare materials, or repair something. Some tips will help you get out of this difficult situation. If you need to connect organic glass (plexiglass), we make an adhesive composition from it. We prepare a small amount of small plexiglass sawdust and fill the bottle with it. We dilute acetone and amyl acetate equally and fill the plexiglass sawdust with this solvent. Place in a warm place and wait for complete dissolution. If we use only acetone, the plexiglass will not completely dissolve, but the composition is suitable for work.

In everyday life there is often a need to glue glass, porcelain and earthenware products. Take liquid glass and dissolve casein in it - the repair agent is ready. Particularly good for porcelain and earthenware gypsum mortar on egg whites. It thickens almost instantly, we work quickly and carefully. We are preparing another composition for earthenware and porcelain. Whisk the egg whites and place in the refrigerator for 24 hours. Separate the settled protein, grind thoroughly with slaked lime before receiving the test. Glue quickly, spreading thin layer.

Paste linoleum tiles You can use unusual instant glue. We crumble the foam and fill it with the place that needs to be glued. Spray the foam with acetone, which immediately begins to melt, and press the parts to be glued. This is a very convenient means for gluing soles. We push the foam balls into the place that needs repair, drip acetone and press.

To help your hobby - original ideas for adhesives

If you are interested in origami, paper appliqué, or quilling, then you undoubtedly know that the best glue for such activities is dextrin-based. It is not at all necessary to search for it in stores. Dextrin can be easily prepared at home from starch. Let's take it required quantity, pour into a heat-resistant container and place in a slightly heated electrical cabinet. Then we gradually increase the temperature until it reaches 160°. We maintain this temperature for an hour and a half, during which time the starch will be converted into dextrin.

Let's start making glue. You will need three tablespoons of dry dextrin, no more than five tablespoons of water and a spoonful of glycerin. Mix the dextrin powder with water and heat slightly until the dry substance is completely dissolved. Don't forget to stir constantly. Add glycerin to the finished composition.

A popular hobby among women is making flowers from various fabrics. Flowers with petals glued to each other are especially elegant and spectacular. The simplest glue is made from three tablespoons of flour and a glass of water. To cook the glue, first dilute the wheat flour with a small amount of cold water, and then gradually pour it into a glass of boiling water and bring to a boil.

According to the second method, mix thoroughly in a glass of water so that there are no lumps, add a tablespoon of wheat flour, starch and sugar and bring to a boil. Good glue for making fabric flowers, it is obtained from a gelatin packet. Soak the gelatin for 12 hours in a third of a glass of water. After the allotted time, stir gelatin, two tablespoons of flour, and one tablespoon of sugar into ⅔ glass of water. Bring to a boil, cool, store in an airtight container in the refrigerator.

Homemade baking with decorations in the form of various figures and flowers made from food mastic is not only a hobby, but also a small business. To ensure that the entire decor adheres securely to the surface of the baked goods and retains its shape, food grade glue is used. People buy it often without knowing that glue can be made at home. We use starch, from four tablespoons of which we cook jelly in a glass of water and keep it warm until it becomes thick and viscous. According to the second method, boil a glass of sugar in a glass of water. You should get a slightly undercooked toffee caramel, which is food glue.