Enclosed porch. Original design ideas for the porch of a private house Closed porch with steps

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TO the stigma is functional element any household and is its business card. Such a structure should be located at the entrance to the building and fit into the created exterior of the building. By selecting suitable material, you can build a luxurious porch to your house with your own hands. Projects, photos and design drawings can easily be found in our review. In addition to practical functions, this structure performs a decorative function. At the same time, the canopy and railings are decorated with beautiful carvings and other decorative elements.

In many buildings, the porch is part of the project and fits perfectly into the overall exterior

The porch in a private house, photos of which can be viewed on the website, is an open area with a staircase in front of the entrance to the house. It can be of any shape and made from various materials.

Such a structure can be made in the following variations:

the attached type structure is characterized by greater mobility.

Helpful information! To avoid skewed steps and cracks, a foundation must be installed.

Foundation: construction features for all types of porch

A strong foundation is necessary to make a porch for your house with your own hands. Projects, photos and descriptions will help create a high-quality foundation.

The depth of the foundation for the porch and the house must be the same, otherwise the smaller structure may shift. The type of foundation depends on the material of the main structure. If brick or concrete is used, the base must be reinforced.

Installation of the foundation begins with markings. Piles are driven into the corners of the resulting rectangle, and then a trench is made along the contour. For a large canopy you will need to install additional supports. It is recommended to carry out formwork. Boards or chipboards are used for it. It is also important to do waterproofing. In this case, the bottom of the pit is covered with roofing felt. For reinforcement, bricks and a special mesh or are used. Then the concrete mixture is poured. Each layer of mortar must be compacted with a shovel.

Helpful information! After pouring, the surface of the foundation must be leveled and covered with roofing felt. To the surface concrete covering No moisture should get in if it rains.

Related article:

Do-it-yourself porch for the house: projects, photos of different types of porch

Help you choose best design porch of a private house photos that can be found on the website. At the same time, it is worth deciding on the material for the future design. TO traditional options This could include wood, concrete, stone and brick, or metal.

Metal structures: nuances of the device

Metal products are assembled using electric welding. The structure is assembled from standard parts. If desired, you can use forging elements for a metal porch in a private house. The photo will allow you to choose interesting solutions.

This design is installed in several stages:

two channels are laid parallel at a distance from future steps. Then a corner is cut to the size of the steps;
a part is cut off from the corner, equal to height between the steps. Both elements are welded in the shape of the letter L;
L-shaped parts are attached to the channel;
then the channels are connected using corners.

Ready. Steps made of any material can be mounted on it. If more than three steps are provided, then railings are installed. The design is completed by a visor.

Concrete options: design features

The concrete structure involves the continuation of the foundation in steps. In this case, reinforcement is used, which will prevent the appearance of cracks. Such a structure requires additional cladding with stone or tiles.

Formwork is made for each step. Finished design covered with decorative material.

Helpful information! The space between the foundations of the main building and the extension is sealed mineral wool, which provides better structural stability.

Do-it-yourself wooden porch for a private house: installation features

Do-it-yourself wooden porch to the house is popular. Projects and photographs of such structures are varied. The best material larch and others are considered conifers. Such raw materials require special protective impregnations.

Installation of a wooden structure consists of the following steps:

making a ladder involves shaping the bowstring. These elements are connected to the base;
installation of the platform consists of installing shelf boards to the finished base;
steps are being installed. At the same time, steps and risers are attached using self-tapping screws;
The design of the structure is carried out using railings and a canopy.

Helpful information! The durability of the structure depends on the correct preparation and processing of the wood. The raw materials must be well dried.

Related article:

Porch made of brick or stone

Making brickwork for a porch is very difficult, since the brick needs to be laid perfectly evenly. It is even more difficult to lay a porch made of stone without certain skills. The chipped edges do not fit together.

TO simple options This includes constructing a staircase from concrete and lining it with stone or brick.

Visor options

An important addition to the extension is the canopy over the porch. The photo on the site allows you to see interesting options of this element.

The canopy is created from timber, metal, plexiglass or metal pipes. Wooden structures must be treated with special solutions every 2-3 years to prevent the wood from deteriorating.

The canopy should protrude at least half a meter beyond the area of the main structure. Piles for the canopy supports are installed at the stage of creating the base. The coating can be polycarbonate, plexiglass or tiles. This element must have a pitched shape.

Helpful information! Wooden structure or metal sheets can be painted in several layers.

Which porch is better: glassed or open?

An enclosed porch is often used for a private home. Photos of projects can be found on the Internet. Most often these are transparent structures made of metal and glass. The frame and piles are made of metal. The walls are made of glass. A roof of this type can be combined with a balcony on the second floor.

The glazed version is made with concrete foundation, canopy and ladder. The frame is made using corners. In this case, the corners are attached to the installed piles.

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To choose the right porch design for a private house, you need to evaluate your budget and needs, and also consider photos of various ready-made solutions. Dekorin completed the last task for you: in this article you will find out what a porch for a private house can be like in terms of its shape, materials and finishing with examples in 40 photos.

Porch in a private house - beautiful options with photos

The size and shape of the porch to the house, as a rule, are dictated by the architectural features and dimensions of the building itself, as well as the personal preferences of its owners. In particular, designers agree that the canopy and porch railings should be made in the same style as the roof and balconies of a private house. For example, if the roof of the house is gable, the canopy over the porch should be the same. And if you ordered wrought iron balconies or bars on the windows, then at the same time take care of the railings - so that they have the same forging patterns. The design of columns, arches and other decorative elements should be selected in the same way.

However, in the photos below you will see that the most interesting facades with a porch to the house were made precisely to avoid these general rules. But first, let's look at the main porch design options:

Open is the most common type of entrance to a house; may have a canopy and railings, and also be decorated with decor that is brought into the house in winter;
Closed - has transparent or translucent walls made of glass, polycarbonate or plain mosquito net; designed to decorate the entrance to the house, relaxation at any time of the year or use as a preliminary hallway;
Mounted - manufactured when a private house It has ground floor or when its necessity is justified by the landscape around the building; its design is often similar to a balcony;
Porch-terrace - an extended version of the porch, used for outdoor recreation;
Protrusion shape: round and rectangular.

Finally, you also have to choose the materials from which the porch for a private house will be made. Today, most porch designs are made of concrete, which can then be painted, tile, stone, wood, etc. Other common materials include wood, metal, stone and brick. Let's take a closer look at them!

Wooden porch to the house - ecology and comfort

The most common option today is wooden flooring for porches that are installed on concrete, brick or metal base. In 80% of cases, a wooden porch is made of pine, as the most common and cheapest material. When properly sealed, varnished and stained, a wood porch will look good for many years to come. On the following photos you will see options on how you can make a porch for a private house from wood.

Concrete porch - strength and variety

Concrete is the cheapest, most versatile and reliable material for making a porch. Firstly, the concrete porch is monolithic and does not loosen over time, as happens with wooden structures. Secondly, it can be easily repaired and decorated with any decor. And finally, it can be given absolutely any shape, and it will not particularly affect the cost and duration of the project.

Most often, a concrete porch is finished with clinker or other tiles, less often with stone, paint and other materials. IN modern houses with wood, brick and siding facades it is often left bare to highlight the color and texture of the walls and environment. Let's look at the photo to see what a concrete porch might look like.

Brick porch - reliability and unpretentiousness

A brick porch will be more expensive, but also a very attractive and reliable solution for a private home. Its installation will take quite a lot of time and labor, but in the long run it will fully pay off due to its ease of maintenance. Note that quite often a brick porch has concrete base and/or covering steps.

Chic stone porch - an expressive classic

Natural stone is very strong, durable and beautiful material for decorating the porch. There are many various types stones, some of which are used to create a foundation, others for decorative finishing. Accordingly, the first of them are more expensive and reliable than the others. In general, any stone can withstand any weather conditions well and does not require Maintenance for a long time.

Wrought iron trim and metal porch

As a rule, a metal or wrought iron porch refers to the decorative elements of the porch - the roof, steps and railings made of metal. However, sometimes you can see completely metal porch for a private home, as in the following photo.

The main advantages that such a metal porch has are: high strength and durability. The only point: you will have to spend extra money on painting it and treating it against corrosion. In addition, metal floors are quite cold, which is why this material is not used for terraces intended for relaxation. In them, the metal base is covered with wood or a concrete base is used.

Decorating the porch of a house with tiles and polycarbonate

The tiles can be installed on a concrete and brick porch when it is necessary to increase its attractiveness or equip it as a recreation area. Modern choice tiles allows you to find very stylish models under wood, stone and with other effects. Particularly popular today are clinker tiles for outdoor porches and bright tile designs with patterns in Moroccan and geometric styles.

Canopy over the porch made of polycarbonate

Polycarbonate is inexpensive, very flexible and lightweight material, which is used to decorate the walls and canopies over the porch. Usually it is mounted on a metal base and pasted over sun protection film. The most economical and simple way to create a canopy over the porch of a private house of all those available for 2016! And it looks decent:

You have looked through 40 photos on the topic of what a porch for a private home could be like. We hope you enjoyed it. Leave your comment below so that we can improve our articles and delight you with even more interesting materials!

Beautiful porch for a private house - 40 photos updated: May 31, 2018 by: Margarita Glushko

The first thing guests see when entering the apartment is the hallway. It is a kind of business card, the “face” of the living space, which forms the first impression of the owner. The same “face” of a private house is the porch, which has both aesthetic and practical significance. At the same time, the porch should not only be beautiful, but also comfortable and durable, because its function is to protect the entrance area from precipitation, wind, direct sun rays, dirt from the street.

A wooden porch looks especially cozy, which is easy to make with your own hands, following step by step instructions.

Where to start construction?

Before starting work, it is necessary to carefully plan each stage of constructing a wooden porch. Every detail needs to be thought through:

Design, appearance: on which side the steps are planned to be made, their number, the presence or absence of handrails. In this case, it is necessary to think about what shape the porch itself will be (square, rectangular, semicircular), as well as the design of the handrails and canopy over the porch.
Dimensions and proportions. It is necessary to calculate the size of the porch and the dimensions of each of its parts: the length, the width of the base itself, the height of the handrails, the length and height of the steps, the dimensions of the canopy - will it cover the entire area of the porch or hang only over the entrance. To make it convenient to enter the house, the porch should be located on the same level as the first floor, but 5 cm lower front door, which should open outwards.

Attention! In order to make it comfortable to walk on the steps, their parameters should be from 15 to 20 cm in height and about 30 cm in depth, while it is better to make an odd number of steps.

Detailed description of all decorative elements, if they are present.

Once the extension plan is ready, you can begin to calculate the quantity necessary materials and start construction.

Required materials and tools

For the construction of a porch it is recommended to use durable materials resistant to external influences, for example oak, spruce or pine. If the porch is planned to be built without a canopy, then the steps will be located under open air, in this case, for their manufacture it is worth using larch or teak, the surface of which is resistant to moisture.

To build a wooden porch at a private house or in a country house, you will need:

Beam with a cross section of 100-150 mm for the installation of supports.
Lumber (boards) 25-50 mm thick.
Waterproofing agent.
Products that protect wood from rotting, mold, and insects.
Balusters and slats for installing railings.
Concrete mortar for pouring the foundation.
Nails, screws.
Rule, level, roulette.

Before installing the supports, they must be treated with an antiseptic to a height of at least 25 cm from the ground.

Construction of the foundation and site

Because the total weight The porch to the house is small, and the construction of the extension is simple; most often, a pile type of foundation is used - its construction does not require a lot of effort and investment. Its production is carried out in the following order:

To install the piles, a ditch up to 80 cm deep is dug (below the soil freezing level), holes should be made along the diameter of the supports, which, as mentioned above, should be treated with an antiseptic by this time.
Beams are inserted into the holes up to the height of the floor of the future porch. To avoid the risk of the structure shifting, it is recommended to place metal rods in the support holes to which the porch support frame will be attached.
After the beam is installed, the holes are filled concrete mortar, left until completely dry.

Note! The strip foundation of an extension can only be used if the porch is being erected at the same time as the house, otherwise different weight strip foundation houses and extensions will shrink differently, which will cause the formation of cracks and other deformations of the porch.

The tops of the beams are sawed down until they reach the same level, then a frame is installed around the perimeter of the porch. The corners are connected to each other and attached to the wall of the house with screws or dowels. After this, the platform is formed: boards are screwed or nailed to the logs, which are covered if necessary finishing(tiles, linoleum, etc.).

The boards on the site are nailed as close to each other as possible so that cracks do not form in the future when the wood begins to dry out. For some craftsmen this is not critical, so they believe that, on the contrary, it is necessary to leave gaps between the slats 2-3 mm wide in order to allow water to pass through.

Stairs to the porch

The addition of a staircase begins with the manufacture of a kosoura (slant corner) - a load-bearing beam with sawn teeth, on which the steps will then be laid.

The minimum width of the staircase opening must be at least 120 cm, and optimal distance between stringers is 50 cm. In order for the staircase to be strong, it is necessary to make at least three stringers.

Important! When cutting out the teeth of a stringer, it is necessary to use a square, since a minimal difference in the sizes of the edges of parallel stringers will lead to subsidence of the steps and their difference in height.

WITH outside an inclined beam is attached - a bowstring. It should be two or three times thicker than the stringer. Both strings are connected by transverse beams, stringers are attached between them. The string is connected to the lags using a tongue-and-groove type.

Height flight of stairs and the number of steps depends on the height of the foundation of the house and the level from the ground at which the front door is located. If the number of stages is more than five, additional amplification will be required flight of stairs, which consists of installing a support pedestal, similar to installing support pillars.

Steps to the porch

The steps should be of such a width that the foot of an adult can fit on it, i.e. 35-45 cm. If the number of steps is more than three, it is necessary to equip the porch with railings. When placing steps not under a canopy, but on the street, it is necessary to create an overhang (roller) so that water does not accumulate in the groove between them, but flows onto the plane of the bottom step.

Risers and treads are attached to the string, starting from the bottom step. The process is simple: a riser is fixed, a tread is attached to it, and thus we make steps to the very top. The steps are fixed with self-tapping screws or a tongue-and-groove connection. It is not recommended to use nails due to possible deformation of the boards, as well as unreliable fixation.

Fences are made of wood, metal or stainless steel. The height of the handrails should be calculated based on the ease of use by family members in accordance with their height.

Making a porch on video

Unlike many materials on Youtube, there is very high-quality, detailed material on making a pleasant and versatile porch model. The video is self-sufficient.

Installation of a canopy (canopy) on the porch

A canopy over the porch area is constructed not only to protect the entrance area from rain and direct sunlight, but also to prevent the staircase from getting rainwater, which will eventually lead to deterioration of the material. The types of canopies over the porch according to the type of construction are as follows:

Single-pitch

Gable

Flat

Concave

Arched and semi-arched

Domed

And also, depending on the shape of the porch, they can be rectangular, square, semicircular (if the porch is semicircular). Based on the material used, a canopy can be made of wood, metal (made of corrugated sheets, metal tiles), glass, polycarbonate, or even fabric (awning fabric is used).

After choosing the material, you should begin making a sketch of the future canopy over the porch wooden house. The area of the visor is calculated based on total area porch plus half a meter so that it fully fulfills its protective functions.

The drawing on how to make an arched canopy looks like this:

The process of installing a simple canopy is not complicated:

Support beams are installed that will support the entire structure. For small canopy two beams are enough.
The strapping is made from the support beams perpendicular to the support pillars.
The locations for mounting holes are marked on the wall using a level or rule. This is necessary so that the canopy is installed symmetrically relative to the doorway.
Other support bars must be attached to the wall anchor bolts. They must be higher than the supporting ones in order for the canopy to form a slope.
Wall and support beams are connected by rafters at an angle using screws or self-tapping screws and metal corners.
Next, the sheathing is made of small boards. If the visor is an ordinary wooden one, it must be treated with special protective equipment, and repeat this procedure two to three times a year. To better protect the surface of the visor, it is often coated with roofing material– metal tiles, corrugated sheets, bitumen shingles, slate or polycarbonate.

The canopy can be made without the use of support beams: the structure is made of struts and a wall beam, which are connected with self-tapping screws. Then the structure is mounted above the front door: the struts are fastened with anchors, and the wall beam with self-tapping screws.

The sheathing is made of wooden planks, laid out at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other. The selected material is laid on top, for example, fixed with self-tapping screws.

There are many original wooden porch canopies, each of which can be taken as an example.

Master class on video

The video below shows the process of creating a simple and versatile wooden porch with a canopy. The original way Installing a canopy on a porch is very simple and effective.

Porch country house most often built from metal, wood or concrete. The choice of a specific material depends mainly on the architectural features of the building itself. Each type of street staircase has its own construction technology.

They will be discussed in this article. You will learn not only how to properly make a porch for a house from one material or another, but also how to tie it to the foundation of the house and what its own foundation should be like.

Choosing material for the porch

The choice of material for the porch of a house mainly depends on what its walls are made of. So at the facade wooden building It is best to build a structure from boards and timber. To concrete or brick house concrete or metal structure. For finishing, tiles, bricks, wood or even plastic are often used:

Wooden porches for a country house

Wooden porches have a number of undeniable advantages. They are beautiful and require virtually no additional finishing. Such designs are somewhat cheaper than other varieties.

Construction of a porch to the house. Photo of an aesthetic and easy-to-manufacture design

Wooden street stairs are usually attached only to a log or cobblestone building or to a bathhouse. But there are exceptions to every rule. The simplicity of the design of such stairs makes them extremely popular, and often a carved or ordinary wooden porch can be seen on concrete or brick houses.

A wooden staircase can also be attached to a concrete house

Should I make a porch out of concrete?

Concrete options for porches can be poured. They are also built from blocks. This design can be made at the entrance to a concrete or brick building. The main advantage concrete stairs durability is considered. How to fill a porch with your own hands and how to make it from blocks will be discussed below.

Concrete marches look very beautiful and at the same time solid and solid

Metal constructions

Do-it-yourself metal porch at the dacha It is best to make it from a corner or profiled pipe.

On a note: Structures made from galvanized material are very beautiful. However, making them at home is hardly possible. In order to make such a staircase you need significant experience in working with welding machine. Therefore, at the entrances to private houses you can often see painted metal structures made of ordinary steel.

It is better to make wooden steps on street stairs made of metal. In some cases, they are also made of metal.

Using wooden steps you can build a very beautiful metal porch

You can build a porch at your dacha or in a country house using: different technologies. The choice of a specific one depends on what material will be used for its manufacture:

Assembling a wooden street staircase

First, let's look at how to make a porch with your own hands wooden house. You can build even the simplest wooden porch so that it turns out reliable only by drawing up a project in advance. In this case, the stairs must be calculated taking into account the following factors:

The tilt angle of a comfortable march varies from 27 to 45 degrees;
The width of the step should be approximately 30cm, height 17cm;
The height of the railing should not be less than 90cm.

How to build a porch with your own hands. Drawings of convenient street stairs

To make a simple wooden staircase you will need to prepare the following materials:

Edged boards for steps and stringers;
Beam minimum 80*80mm. It can be used to make porch supports;
3cm board for bowstring or stringer;
Beam 50*50mm for making railings and canopy frame;
2cm board for covering the canopy.

They continue to build a wooden porch with their own hands by installing supports. To make them durable, it is worth treating their ends with automotive oil. Under them, holes about half a meter deep are dug in the ground at a distance from the wall equal to the width of the upper platform.

A durable porch can be built only by arranging reliable supports

On next stage they knock together the upper platform. Next you will need to make stringers or a bowstring. One end of the stringer is attached to the upper platform, and the other is supported on a concrete pad. Then they begin to fill the treads and risers.

Wooden porch with your own hands. Photo of the process of installing steps on stringers

Advice: Steps during construction wooden stairs For a private house, it is better to fasten it not with self-tapping screws, but with bolts and nuts. Weak fasteners will simply become loose under constant load in the future.

So, we have looked at how to build a wooden porch with your own hands in stages. However, without railings and a canopy, the structure will be unfinished. Balusters are mounted on metal studs. Next, the handrail is attached to the bolts. After this you need to make a visor by sheathing wooden frame boards.

Making reliable railings with your own hands when building a porch is not so difficult

How to Build a Welded Metal Porch

Now let's figure out how to build a porch for a metal house. The technology for constructing such structures is slightly different from the method of assembling wooden ones. Install supports from a pipe, angle or profile of at least 50*50mm. Next you need to make the frame of the upper platform. The bowstring should be made from a channel or corner.

A porch to a metal house can be made using a welding machine

When building a porch, the steps are welded from a corner in the form of frames, to which the racks are welded to the height of the riser. Next, the resulting elements are welded to the bowstrings, to their upper edge. Then the edged board is screwed to the corner.

Since metal is a material that does not tolerate moisture, a canopy must be made. You can equip a metal porch with your own hands, for example, with a canopy made of corrugated sheets. In this case, the frame should be made from a steel angle.

The construction of a metal porch requires the installation of a canopy

If you like arched, dome or curved canopies, you can use polycarbonate instead of metal profiles. You can make a curved frame yourself using a pipe bender. Polycarbonate sheets are attached to it using self-tapping screws with thermal washers.

You can make a very interesting shaped visor from polycarbonate

Important: The holes for the fasteners should be slightly larger in diameter than their rods. When installing the sheet, the screws themselves do not tighten too much, since polycarbonate sheets expand as the temperature rises.

How to build a concrete march

A concrete porch should be attached to a stone building. You can make it with your own hands as poured or block.

Monolithic porch. How to build

When constructing a porch made of monolithic concrete, formwork is used. Its shape depends on the chosen form of the march itself. The easiest way to make it is from a board, and it is a multi-tiered structure (according to the number of steps). All steps must be reinforced. The concrete mixture is made from cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1*4*4.

To build a concrete porch, you need to make multi-tiered formwork

On a note: A semicircular, round or oval porch made of concrete looks very beautiful. In this case, during construction, the formwork can be made of tin or plastic.

Below see how you can build a porch with your own hands (video):

How to Build a Block Porch

In order to make a neat porch of a country house from blocks or foam blocks, markings should be made. Next, the foundation is laid. The ladder is laid out with ligation of the seams. Block construction after construction, just like a monolithic one, it must be covered with tiles or boards. In this case, you will get not just a solid, but also a beautiful porch.

The porch can also be built from concrete blocks

Approximately the same technology is used to make a porch with your own hands from brick or stone.

How to tie a ladder to the house

If the porch of a village house is built during its construction, it is poured simultaneously with the foundation of the building.

Important: The foundation of the street staircase is laid at the same depth as the foundation of the house itself.

It is best to build a porch at the same time as the building itself

However, more often the connection of the march to the building is done after its construction. In this case, you should follow the rules for connecting the porch to the plinth, which will be discussed below.

Concrete staircase. How to build a reliable

When attaching the porch of a private house with your own hands, it is worth remembering that it is not recommended to attach heavy structures rigidly to the foundation and plinth. In this case, roofing material or polyethylene is laid between the march and the house. It can also be plywood or boards impregnated with bitumen. The fact is that an extension is usually made to a house that has already shrunk. A heavy concrete or brick staircase will definitely sink.

Iron and wooden porch

If you make your own porch from wood or metal, you can attach it directly to the base. In this case, during construction, bars or metal corner. A wooden frame or iron frame of the upper platform is attached to them at one edge.

You can build a metal porch by attaching it directly to the house

What could be the foundation of the porch?

We hope you now understand how to properly attach a porch to a house with your own hands. Only one question remained unexamined, namely, what its foundation should be. You can make different types of bases for outdoor stairs.

Concrete pad

When constructing light wooden and metal stairs, a small concrete pad is usually placed under them. Next, let's see how to fill such a support. They do not lay it across the entire width of the porch, but only under the first step of the flight. Thus, it serves as a support for stringers or bowstrings. Its installation is carried out as follows:

In the place where the ends of the stringers will subsequently be located, a square pit the width of the porch is dug. Its depth depends on the weight of the street staircase structure and is usually 30-40cm;
Formwork made of boards is installed in the pit. Next, sand or gravel is poured onto its bottom in a layer of 10 cm;

DIY porch. Photo of the process of installing a concrete pad under the march

After this, the bottom is filled with a three-centimeter layer of cement mortar;
The resulting support is installed reinforcement cage, which can be made from 12mm rod;
Next, the formwork is filled concrete mixture. In this case, for one part of cement grade 300-400, four parts of sand and the same amount of crushed stone are taken.

Advice: In order to remove possible voids in the solution, you need to pierce it with a rod, shovel or wooden stake in several places.

On last stage The surface of the filled pillow is carefully leveled. In this case, it will be possible to build the most stable porch.

If a wooden or metal staircase has a very wide or long flight, it is worth building a thicker cushion. Wooden or concrete pillars The upper platform should have a thickening at the very bottom.

A concrete pad under the porch can have enough big sizes. It can also be built with steps

Columnar foundation for the porch to the house

Sometimes wooden stairs are simply supported on pillars during construction. At the same time, in addition to the supports of the upper platform, two more wooden columns are buried in the ground under the march (instead of a concrete pad). You can make supports for bowstrings in the same way. metal stairs from pipe sections. Such a foundation is cheaper than a pillow and is easier to build, but it is less reliable.

You can build a porch with different types pillars

Strip foundation

The design of a porch is technologically quite complex if it is built into the veranda. In this case, most often during construction, a strip foundation is poured under the entire structure.

DIY porch. Photo of a foundation pit for a strip foundation

This event consists of several stages:

After the marking is made, a trench is dug around the perimeter of the veranda;
Sand is poured onto its bottom;
Next, formwork is installed along the edges, which can be made from boards;
Then 5cm thick blocks (reinforcement supports) are laid at the bottom of the trench;
The reinforcement is knitted from 12mm rod;
After it is installed in the formwork, the latter is filled with a concrete mixture of the same composition as for a simple concrete pad;
The formwork can be removed one day after pouring.

How to build a porch. Pouring strip foundation

Important: The veranda and the march itself are erected no earlier than two weeks after the foundation is laid.

How to build a slab foundation

Next, let's see how to make slab foundation under the street stairs. This type of foundation is installed under heavy structures - concrete and brick. He represents monolithic slab under the entire area of the stairs. It pours in about the same way as a pillow. The depth of the foundation depends on the depth of the foundation of the building. Usually it is 50-70cm.

It’s not very difficult to make a slab foundation for a porch

On a note: The thickness of the sand or gravel layer according to SNiP must be at least 10 cm.

So, now you know how to build a porch with your own hands. Depending on its type, different techniques can be used. Under the lungs street stairs You can make the foundation cheaper and simpler. Heavy structures require a more reliable foundation.

Building a wooden porch with your own hands is not so difficult, but whether it will ultimately be beautiful and durable largely depends on the quality of the project and thorough adherence to the basic principles. building regulations. Built in accordance with all technological requirements, equipped with a gable canopy original design, a solid wooden porch, will become one of the main decorations of a private home. You can verify this by looking at our photo gallery with images of the most successful examples of this type of structure.

How to build a porch out of wood

Structurally, a wooden porch can be designed as:

a small open area, fenced with railings fixed to balusters, and equipped with a light wooden canopy and a ladder with a small number of steps;
a wide staircase leading to a large covered area on top, which provides space for installing flowerpots and other garden decorations;
a flat massive staircase and a full semi-open terrace equipped with a seating area.

Construction of a simple wooden porch: step-by-step instructions

The construction of a simple porch of the first type consists of the following steps:

Measurements on the ground, selection of a project and creation of a detailed design drawing;
Selection and calculation required quantity consumables and auxiliary materials;
Construction of the foundation;
Construction of a porch;
Construction of a canopy.

Stage 1. Measurements and design

There are no norms that strictly limit any parameters of a porch in construction, so design it based on your own preferences, guided by the following general rules when making calculations:

Arbitrarily, based on considerations of beauty and comfort, determine the width of the porch.
Measure the distance from the threshold of the front door to the ground level - this will be the total height of the porch.
Calculate the depth of the entrance area, which must certainly be greater than the width of the door leaf.
Determine the value of the total run - this parameter is measured by the distance between the horizontal projection of the initial and last step.
Based on these parameters, calculate the number of steps - to do this, divide the total height of the porch by the desired riser height.
Now knowing the number of steps, multiply their number by the required tread width and you will find out the length of the total run.

Advice! The larger you make the total run, the flatter and more comfortable the staircase will be for walking. Structurally, each step consists of a wide horizontal part (professionals call it a tread) and a narrower vertical part (called a riser). A staircase is considered comfortable if the tread width is in the range of 350-420 mm, and the riser height varies in the range of 140-200 mm.

Stage 2. Selection of materials

Advice! In order for the porch to be not only beautiful, but also durable, use larch timber and boards for its construction. In the absence of durable, practically non-rotting, but rather expensive larch, a wooden porch can be built from spruce or pine lumber, which also have increased resistance to adverse biological and atmospheric factors.

To build a wooden porch you will need:

thick beams with a cross-section of at least 100x150 mm (for supports);
planed boards 25-50 mm thick;
bitumen mastic, used machine oil, antiseptic impregnation for wood or synthetic drying oil;
ready-made wooden balusters and slats for railings;
nails and screws;
concrete for pouring pile supports.

Stage 3. Arrangement of the foundation

For foundation piles, use pre-impregnated bitumen mastic or spent machine oil thick wooden beams.

Such piles are installed in the corners of the upper platform of the porch, and if it is quite wide, for greater structural strength between the main supports, additional 1-3 pillars are dug into the ground at equal intervals (50-80cm).

In the calculated locations, drill holes in the ground for piles with a depth of 50-80 cm. As a rule, the posts are buried in the ground by 1/3 of their total length.
Controlling the vertical installation of the piles with a plumb line, fill their bases with concrete.
At the location of the first step, dig a shallow trench in the ground and also fill it with concrete - this will be the support platform for attaching the lower cross beam of the stairs.

Stage 4. Construction of the porch

1. When the mortar has hardened, check the height of the piles using laser level and use a hacksaw to cut off any excessively protruding parts. The ends of the columns should be located in a single horizontal plane, located 6-8 cm below the threshold of the front door.

2. Connect the finished supports with horizontal logs, attaching them to the ends of the piles using the tongue-and-groove method.

3. From thick planed boards, make two bowstrings and the required number of stringers.

Important! Kosour is an intermediate inclined support beam with triangular teeth cut into one side, on the horizontal edges of which steps are laid.
Bowstrings are external, massive stringers, between which, at intervals of 50 cm, auxiliary lighter stringers are installed, acting as additional support steps.

4. In accordance with the design parameters, mark the profile of the future staircase on a thick, 40-50 mm planed board using a steel construction triangle. Try to apply the markings as accurately as possible - this will determine whether the steps will creak or sag in the future.

5. Using a jigsaw, cut out the extra triangle from the workpiece.

6. Using the finished part as a template, mark and make a second string, and cut stringers from thinner boards in the same way.

7. Nail the top to the outer end of the porch platform. load-bearing beam, in the body of which select in advance the grooves for installing bowstrings and stringers.

8. Fix the spikes at the ends of the inclined beams in the grooves; for strength, strengthen the entire structure with metal corners.

9. Attach the lower ends of the bowstrings and stringers to the third transverse beam fixed on the concrete support platform of the porch.

10. From planed 20-30 mm boards, cut the right size treads and risers and use self-tapping screws to attach them to the edges of the supporting inclined beams.

11. Start installing steps from the bottom. First, install the riser to the strings, and then attach the tread located above it.

12. Lay a floor on the porch platform made of smoothly planed boards tightly fitted to one another. Attach the boards to the porch joists with nails with large heads or special long screws.

13. For safety and beauty, enclose the stairs and porch area with strong wooden railings, constructed from sanded wooden beams mounted on carved finished balusters.

Stage 5. Construction of the canopy

1. The most common design of a canopy over a wooden porch is a gable light canopy-hut, the rafters of which rest on wooden brackets attached to the wall of the building.

2. The supports for such a canopy are constructed from planed wooden beams, knocked together right triangle, one of the legs of which is mounted to the wall of the house with anchor bolts or powerful self-tapping screws on dowels. Sheds of this kind are covered with tiles, metal profiles or overlapping boards.

3. In order to prevent flooding of the porch area with rainwater, a metal or plastic gutter equipped with a drainage chain is hung along the edges of the roof of such a canopy.

As you can see from the example of our step-by-step instructions, if you want to build a wooden porch, even an inexperienced home craftsman who is just beginning to master the basics of construction skills can do it.