Flow-through electric boilers for heating. Flow-through electric boiler for heating - features of operation and selection

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Often many country houses are located far from highways, so supplying gas is a difficult and sometimes completely impossible task. Residents have to purchase heating equipment that runs on fuel other than gas. In such situation, excellent option will become flow-through electric boilers heating.

Flowing electric boiler Evan

Operating principle, advantages and disadvantages

A flow-through electric boiler consists of the following elements:

• frame;
• automation;
• electrodes;
• control Panel.

The principle of its operation is based on heating the coolant by water ions that move among the electrodes of the boiler. As a result, the ionization process occurs and ions are formed, positively and negatively charged. They are attracted to the electrodes and generate heat.

Flow-through electric boilers are not suitable for combined systems heating.

Electric boiler PROTHERM SKAT

Flow-through electric boilers have the following undoubted advantages:

• noiselessness: they work almost silently;
• compactness: they are small in size and can be placed even in the kitchen;
• work autonomy: they function independently, there is no need for constant monitoring.

The main disadvantage in operating electric boilers is the high cost of electricity.

Criterias of choice

Boiler Galan Geyser 15

When choosing a flow-through electric boiler, it is important to familiarize yourself with the parameters of the device, because the efficiency and efficiency indicator will depend on them:

• automation: built-in (for wall-mounted boilers), suspended (for floor-standing);
• equipment: standard set is an electric boiler with a pump and expansion tank, replace additional equipment at the discretion of the owners;
• functionality: when purchasing an electric unit for instantaneous heating, you must take into account the possibility of installing it with a cascade connection scheme, make sure it is available room thermostats and the ability to install programmable functions;
• power: using a special formula, you need to calculate the required boiler power for your room; It is advisable to purchase a device with a power reserve of 10-15%.

In addition to these options, there are several important requirements requirements that apply to all flow-through devices: performance, number of circuits, type of coolant heating, method of connection to the network.

Features of operation

Flow-through electric boilers are recognized as the most in a safe way heating. Thanks to the built-in special automation, the risks of using such devices are practically reduced to zero.

Flowing electric boiler Baxi Amptec with boiler

However, as in the operation of any other equipment, you must adhere to safety rules when installing electric boilers for instantaneous heating:

• the unit must be directly connected to the electric meter;
• as an additional safety measure you need to use an RCD.

If suddenly there is a short circuit in the electrical network or voltage surges, this device will respond instantly and you will be able to turn off the energy supply to the boiler.

A prerequisite for installing an electric flow device is grounding.

The electric boiler safety group includes:

1. Pressure gauge: monitors pressure indicators.
2. Safety valve: allows you to reduce the pressure in the system.
3. Air vent (thanks to it, air masses do not accumulate).

It is very important to control the operation process of an electric flow boiler, especially for units that have high power and are intended for heating large areas. Automation handles this function; it monitors the temperature and sends a signal to turn off the power supply.

Manufacturers

Flowing electric boilers can be easily found on Russian market. This type heating equipment presented by different manufacturers. Let's consider the indicators and characteristics of the most popular and in demand.

On the heating equipment market, a flow-through electric boiler is included in the list of the most inexpensive devices. The price for samples from foreign manufacturers, on average, varies from 550 to 600 euros, and the cost of boilers domestic producers Totally cheaper.

Having familiarized yourself with all the characteristics of the presented models, you can come to the conclusion that all of them are a good and profitable heating option for private houses and summer cottages located at a far distance from gas mains.

When choosing a specific heating scheme, you should proceed from the principle of expediency and compliance operational characteristics Houses. For rooms with a small area, it is important to maintain a balance between the total cost of the elements, operational efficiency and planned costs. Therefore, most often a flow-through heating system is installed: boilers, heaters, pumps for which must be selected according to certain requirements.

Features of the flow heating scheme

What are the specifics of arranging the selection of components for this system? A flow heating system is, first of all, characterized by the rules for connecting radiators and other heating devices. They are mounted in series, as a result of which the energy from the coolant is distributed in the same order.

Based on this, it can be seen that the degree of heating of the first radiator connected to the instantaneous heating boiler will be significantly higher than that of the last one. In addition, the following features must be taken into account:

• The selected electric instantaneous heating boilers must have relatively high power. In most cases, a ratio of 1 kW of energy per 10 m2 of area will not be correct. To the resulting figure it is necessary to add from 15% to 30%, depending on the length of the main line and the degree of thermal insulation of the house;
• Inability to regulate the heating level for each radiator. In this case, the volume of coolant supplied to subsequent batteries will decrease. This may cause the instantaneous heating heater to not be able to provide heat to all rooms in the house;
• Increased hydrodynamic resistance. Even powerful flow-through heating pumps will not be able to create the proper fluid circulation rate due to the large number of radiators. Therefore, a single-pipe flow-through heating system requires careful calculation.

However, in addition to these shortcomings, one must also take into account positive sides using such a scheme. The main one is minimum costs when purchasing components. The sequential connection of system elements does not provide for an additional main circuit as in two-pipe heating.

When calculating a single-pipe flow system, the diameter of the line must be taken into account. The larger it is, the lower the hydrodynamic resistance indicator.

Types of flow heating

One of the most important stages The choice of heating scheme is its type. The coolant can move by gravity (gravity) or using pumping equipment (forced). This has an impact on operational and quality characteristics heating systems for a house or apartment. Let's look at the features of each of these schemes.

Gravity heating

The simplest flow system is made of gravity. To organize it, you need flow-through heating boilers and an expansion tank open type or membrane. The coolant transport line is a pipeline that ensures the delivery of water to the radiators and boiler for its reheating.

The main element is a flow-through boiler for heating. It must provide an optimal temperature level. The speed of water circulation in the pipes will depend on it in the future. When the coolant heats up, it expands, causing it to begin moving along the line. As the water passes through the radiator pipes, the temperature begins to drop. The cooled liquid returns to the boiler for reheating.

The features of a gravity flow heating system include the following:

• The short length of the pipeline is up to 30 m. This is explained by the low circulation pressure;
• A flow-through electric boiler for heating is rarely used for this scheme. Most often, preference is given to solid fuel models;
• High degree of inertia. The speed of hot water passing through the pipes directly depends on the parameters of the boiler, the presence of rotary units and branches in the circuit. Therefore, heating of radiators in rooms far from the boiler will be relatively slow.

Most often, the gravity flow heating scheme is used for small houses or apartments. TO positive qualities This can be attributed to its relatively low cost, as well as the ability to install a small flow-through heater for heating the house.

To create water circulation after leaving the boiler, install a vertical riser, the height of which should not exceed 5 meters. The heated liquid creates the required pressure for further movement of the coolant.

Heating with forced circulation pumps

To improve performance, a circulation pump is added to the flow-through heating system. This contributes to the fastest speed of water movement, which reduces the inertia rate. Most often, an increased pressure of up to 3 atm is created in the line. As a result, the boiling point of water increases and the likelihood of air pockets decreases.

If there is no main gas in a house or apartment, an electric instantaneous heating boiler is most often installed. Their advantage lies in the possibility of choosing both single-circuit models (for heating only) and double-circuit models (heating and domestic hot water).

Since the forced circulation system in most cases is done closed type, — installation of additional equipment should be provided. The main one is a sealed expansion tank installed on the return pipe in front of the heating boiler. Pressure gauges and thermometers are also installed. At the same time, a flow-through heating boiler must have similar devices. The result is efficient system maintaining a comfortable temperature in the house with the following distinctive characteristics:

• Low degree of inertia;
• Subject to compliance with the installation technology and selection of components, a long maintenance-free service life is ensured;
• The ability to create a temperature regime at the maximum level - 95/60 degrees;
• There is no need to install an accelerating riser, which is required for.

The disadvantages of heating with forced circulation include increased requirements for pipes and radiators. They must withstand the maximum permissible pressure and specified temperature regime work. This scheme is applicable for houses with a large area up to three floors.

When creating a forced circulation circuit, it is recommended to purchase double-circuit boilers electric heating systems of flow type. Even if there is DHW system– you can use the additional one as a spare. Cost difference between single-circuit and dual-circuit models small - about 10-15%.

Selecting a flow-through heating boiler

Having decided on the type of system, you need to choose the right instantaneous heating boiler. The efficiency and efficiency indicator will depend on its parameters. The main difference between them is the type of fuel used. Currently, manufacturers offer solid fuel models that operate on gas or liquid fuel. Electric boilers are no less popular.

• Rated power. This parameter can be calculated in two ways - depending on the square footage of the room or the total volume of coolant. In the first case, the power should correspond to the ratio of 1 kW of energy - 15 liters of water. With normal thermal insulation of the external walls of the house, it can also be taken into account that in order to maintain a comfortable temperature per 10 sq.m. 1 kW of power required;
• Presence of a second circuit. It serves for hot water supply and is more than relevant when organizing heating in a private home;
• Dimensions and requirements for the room where instantaneous heating boilers will be installed. For solid fuels, it is necessary to make a separate boiler room that meets the standards of DBN V.2.5-20-200. Gas and electric models can be installed in the kitchen, but only if their power does not exceed 200 kW;
• Possibility of connecting to external temperature sensors for automatic control of the degree of water heating. This is necessary to optimize energy consumption, which directly depends on the temperature in the room and outside;
• The presence of a flow heating pump and an expansion tank in the housing.

Along with foreign manufacturers, there are currently a number of Russian companies, producing reliable boilers for flow-through heating systems: Romstar, Galan and Evan. Their products are significantly lower in price, and the functional qualities and performance are more than acceptable.

Electric boiler for instantaneous heating

First you need to find out the relevance of installing this type of heating equipment. The advantages of flow-through electric boilers for heating are their small sizes. Unlike solid fuel or gas types, in electric ones there is no combustion chamber as such. This affects their dimensions and weight. It should also be noted the reliability of the equipment. Average term service life can range from 20 to 40 years. But this is subject to compliance with operating rules.

The main disadvantage of an electric instantaneous heating boiler is the high cost of energy. Therefore, it is installed only in the absence of a gas main and as an alternative to solid fuel models. To select electric instantaneous heating boilers, you should consider their types. The specifics of the design depend on the type of heaters.

heating element

A heating element is used as the main heating element. Inside the sealed tube there is a spiral-shaped wire made of metal with a high resistance value. When submitting electrical energy thermal energy is released, causing the heating heater to oriental type The water temperature begins to rise.

The structure consists of the following blocks:

• Heating unit. It contains a heating element, which is washed by the coolant of the heating system;
• Control block. Designed for manual or automatic adjustment heating element power;
• Air vent. Not all manufacturers install this protective element. But if the coolant in the flow-through boiler overheats during heating operation, the air vent will quickly remove the air plug;
• Additional components— circulation pump, pressure gauge, automatic shutdown system in the absence of water.

Also, when choosing, you need to pay attention to manufacturers flow heater, designed for heating a house. The most popular brands are products from Bosch, Protherm and Dakon.

An important factor is the manufacturer’s warranty and availability service centers For operational repair flow heater for heating. It is recommended to find out this information before purchasing.

Induction flow-through heating boiler

It's relative the new kind instantaneous electric boiler intended for heating small rooms. Its advantage is small dimensions, operational reliability.

To heat water, the design includes an electromagnetic coil. There is a core inside it. When connected to the mains, an electromagnetic field is created, which provokes heating of the core. In turn, it is washed by the coolant flow. In this way, the water is heated using an induction flow-through boiler for heating.

The climate control company Termomir offers a wide range of electric boilers of various capacities. Read the information or call our consultants to choose the right boiler model.

Electric boilers are designed for heating private house, dacha, apartment (including for apartment heating) , various administrative, commercial and industrial facilities ranging from 30 to several thousand square meters. m. Electric heating optimally where there is no main gas or where there are strict requirements for the environmental friendliness of heating devices. Also, an electric boiler is often used as a backup heating option in case of problems with the main boiler, for example, a gas one.

An electric heating boiler consists of a heat exchanger, a block heating elements, control unit and control and safety devices. Some electric boilers are equipped with circulation pump, expansion tank, safety valve and filter. The coolant heated by electricity circulates through a system of pipes and radiators, providing space heating, as well as heating water in the boiler. An electric double-circuit boiler is used for heating and hot water supply, a single-circuit boiler is used only for heating a house, as well as for heated floors.

pros:
Compared to boilers using other types of fuel, electric boilers are cheaper, more compact, safe and silent. Connecting electric boilers is much simpler and less expensive than other types of boilers. Due to their compact size and light weight, electric boilers are wall-mounted, do not require a separate boiler room, and installation is allowed in utility or utility rooms, storerooms, kitchens, basements, and even in living rooms.
Electric boilers are easy to operate and do not create harmful emissions or foreign odors, do not require constant maintenance, expensive cleaning or regular fuel purchases.

Minuses:
Dependence on stable availability of electricity and high demands on quality and reliability electrical wiring. You should also take into account the fairly high cost of electricity. To make an informed decision about purchasing an electric boiler, it is recommended to make a preliminary calculation of electricity costs.

The boiler will be used in the Russian climate on average from September to April inclusive, i.e. only 8, not 12 months a year. In autumn and spring, the boiler will be used at a minimum, in winter - at full capacity. Thanks to the built-in automation, the boiler will not operate continuously, on average about 8 hours a day, so the approximate energy costs for the year can be calculated using the following formula:

240 days X 8 hours a day X boiler power X cost of 1 kW of electricity

Electric boilers with a power of up to 12 kW are available in single-phase (220 V power) and three-phase (380 V power), and boilers with a power of more than 12 kW are only three-phase. Most electric boilers with a power of more than 6 kW allow multi-stage power adjustment.

Various remote programmers that can maintain the room temperature according to a user-specified schedule help save energy without sacrificing comfort.

To select an electric boiler, you need to find out the power of the device. Basic calculation – 1 kW of boiler power is enough to heat 10 m2 of a well-insulated room with a ceiling height of up to 3 m.
For selection specific model electric boiler, you can contact the consultants of the Termomir company. Remember that in addition to the boiler itself, it is necessary to purchase other elements of a complete heating and water supply system ( radiators, pipes, pumps, thermostats, boiler and much more), so the selection of equipment and its complete set It's better to leave it to professionals.

Currently, our company’s product range includes both the best electric boilers from European manufacturers and good inexpensive Russian electric boilers.

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