The battery temperature in the apartment is normal. How to regulate heating radiators and what should be the temperature in the apartment according to snip and sanpin
How comfortable it will be to be in a residential building depends largely on whether it is warm or not. The air temperature in a city apartment is one of the most important factors formation optimal microclimate. But for different rooms Temperature standards are different. Therefore, this article will discuss heating standards for residential premises and the main reasons causing insufficient heating.
The norm is understood as the temperature range at which the activation of compensatory mechanisms of warming or cooling does not occur. It should be noted that most people feel comfortable when the temperature is in the range from +21 to +25 degrees.
For different groups population, this indicator is slightly different. For example, according to research, optimal temperature the air in the apartment for children and women is +23-25 degrees. And for men these values are slightly lower and range from +21-23 degrees. Psychologists and hygienists have identified heating standards in an apartment at which a person feels best - this is 18-24 degrees above zero. Therefore, the minimum possible room temperature is +18 degrees.
It is at this value that a person can for a long time is in the house without outer clothing and without harm to his health. Heating standards in an apartment are regulated by law. During the cold period of time in residential buildings and apartments must maintain certain climatic parameters. All this is described in detail in the documentation. According to the norms, heating payments are also calculated. IN different cases standards are set in different ways.
Since heating parameters in an apartment depend on three factors:
When does the heating season start?
Considering the norms for turning on the heating, it becomes clear that heating season begins from the moment when the average daily temperature outside the window for 5 days does not exceed +8 degrees. The heat supply stops if the outside air temperature is above +8 degrees, and this situation lasts more than five days.
As a rule, the heating season lasts from mid-October to early April.
But it is worth noting that objects social sphere, educational establishments can submit applications to start heating ahead of schedule. Typically, 1.5-2 months before the start of the heating period, a test start-up of heating in city houses is carried out. Notices are posted at all entrances about the timing of the test launch. This is done to check the health of the system.
During this time, it is better for apartment residents to stay at home. After all, during a test run, a system leak may occur. It is mandatory to carry out commissioning work on the heating system after installation of the heat supply system or its repair and modernization. This allows you to check the readiness of engineering systems. And also bring them to the required operating parameters.
Apartment heating standards
The standard temperature in residential premises is +20-22 degrees. Of course, some deviations are possible. Temperatures from +18 to +24 degrees are considered acceptable. But, if the room is corner, it is most exposed to wind and frost. Therefore, for such apartments the temperature should not fall below +20 degrees.
Depending on the type of premises, the following standards are established:
During sleep, the need for heat decreases somewhat. Therefore, according to GOST, in the period from 24:00 to 5:00 in residential premises the temperature can be lowered by 3 degrees. If heating has started in an apartment building, but the radiators do not provide adequate heat and the temperature in the apartment is below the standard level, residents have the right to apply for a recalculation of payment for heating services and not pay for the heat that they do not receive.
What are the features of heat supply systems for city apartments?
Sometimes, the room temperature at the beginning of the heating season is at a level below the established standard. There could be many reasons for this. Knowing how the heating system works in an apartment building makes it much easier to identify problems and fix them.
Briefly, the functioning of the system can be represented as follows. From the central boiler room, the coolant is supplied through main pipelines to the heating unit of the house and distributed to individual apartments. If heating systems do not heat the room sufficiently, then additional adjustments are made to the degree of supply. hot water. This is done at a heating point. For such purposes, special circular pumps are used. This method of water supply is called independent.
There is also a dependent heating system in an apartment building, in which the coolant enters the apartment batteries directly from the thermal power plant without additional distribution. Also, depending on the wiring diagram, heat supply systems can be one-pipe or two-pipe. Competent and correct wiring heating in the house is the key to efficient and high-quality heating.
When apartment building has a number of disadvantages. The big disadvantage is that hot water loses a lot of heat during transportation. The coolant is supplied from bottom to top. Therefore, on the upper floors the radiators are often barely warm.
With this wiring diagram it is impossible to adjust the radiators. There is also no way to replace batteries without draining the entire circuit. But the situation can be solved by installing jumpers. Similar heating system multi-storey building on the one hand, it is economical, but on the other hand, it contributes to the uneven distribution of heat throughout the apartments. Residents of the upper apartments get very cold in winter.
But it allows you to heat all apartments on all floors of the house more evenly. The two-pipe type circuit differs in that the water that has cooled in the battery does not flow back into the same pipe, but into the return channel.
Why is the temperature in the apartment below normal and what to do?
If the heating system of a multi-storey building has started, but the radiators remain cold or barely warm, you must contact the utility office to determine the reasons for ineffective heating. Service workers must come and record in the report the temperature deviation from the established standard. The problem should be resolved within a week. Otherwise, residents have the right to appeal to higher authorities.
A common cause of cold batteries is airlock, formed in the system.
If the heating is turned off during the heating season, then most likely it is temporary and is associated with repair work. Or perhaps one of the neighbors decided to change the battery or add new sections, which led to the need to turn off the heating.
In rooms with central heating, they are most often installed. Sometimes in an apartment building the heating risers become clogged and need to be flushed. Only professionals should do this. After all, this requires special knowledge, skills, and experience. You will need special hydropneumatic equipment, a mixture of water and compressed air. Heating systems can be cleaned without flushing the risers. The owner of the apartment can carry out this procedure independently. True, the work takes a lot of time and requires dismantling the batteries. All this allows you to increase the efficiency of the system.
Poor heating may also be due to the fact that the power of the heating battery is low. This situation may be caused by the installation of equipment. For example, if you install a radiator in a niche, then it thermal power will be several times smaller. If there are not enough battery sections, then the system will also not be able to heat the entire room as required. Therefore, it is so important to install heating units of the required power. According to the standards, the radiator power should be 1 kW per 10 sq.m.
Some residents use electricity for heating. Of course, the price for such home heating is quite high. But this method heating is the easiest to operate, as well as the most reliable. Electric heating can be purely electric, water or combined. Let's consider how many kilowatts are needed to heat a house using electric type heating This value depends on what the apartment owner plans to use for heating: an electric boiler, a convector or a “warm floor” system.
It is better to choose a three-phase electric boiler. The power of the equipment varies. For determining required power boiler, you need to divide the area of the house by 10. So, if the area of the house is 140 sq.m., you will need a boiler with a power of 14 kW. To save money, you can set a two-tariff mode of use electrical energy. For convectors, the calculation is carried out according to a similar scheme.
The "warm floor" system is the most convenient option heating Because you can set a specific temperature for each room. For home with total area 90 sq.m. electricity consumption will be from 5.5 to 9 kW.
Thus there are established by law temperature standards in apartments. And if these standards are not met, the heating systems of an apartment building do not sufficiently heat the premises, the residents of the building have the right to contact the housing office to identify the cause of the current situation and demand improvement in the quality of heat supply.
The heating battery is the main element of the heating system in a city apartment, an effective household device for transferring heat. The coziness and comfort of living of all residents of the house largely depends on the batteries (radiators) and their temperature.
In this article we will tell you: what should be the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment, what are its standards and whether interruptions in the heat supply are acceptable.
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Start of the heating season
The beginning of the supply of heating to residential apartments is indicated in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 05/06/2011 N 354. The document states that as soon as the average daily air temperature on the street is below +8 ºС and remains unchanged for 5 days in a row, in heating is turned on in apartments.
In all other cases, the moment of heat supply can be delayed for legally. Detailed information about when Which temperature turn on heating in apartments You can read.
Note: heat will begin to flow into apartments no earlier than on the 6th day after the recorded air temperature readings outside.
In the majority regions of the country heating season begins from mid-October and ends in April.
Reasons for the lack of heat in the apartment
- Breakdown of the heating system of the house;
- Filling of pipes that conduct heat into houses with air;
- Unfinished renovation work.
If the delay in heating supply is caused by a breakdown of the intra-house system, then it is impossible to correct the situation until the problem is fixed.
If the reason for the delay is in filling the heating supply pipes with air, you must contact the operating organization. The specialist must “blow out” the batteries within 24 hours after the call, and there will be no obstacles to filling them with circulating liquid.
Why is the heat supply to the radiators interrupted?
It is important to know that legally, interruptions in heating supply can be:
- Maximum 24 hours. Provided that the minimum air temperature in the apartment is +12 ºС;
- Maximum 8 hours. If the temperature drops to between +10 and +12 ºС;
- No more than 4 hours if the thermometer shows +8 ºС and below.
All downtime periods are indicated in total for the month. If residents notice that these values are exceeded, they should file a complaint with the responsible organization. Familiarize with optimal Temperature indicators in an apartment in winter can be found in .
Heating radiator temperature standards
Therefore, it is so important to follow the rules for installing and operating heating radiators in every apartment. Otherwise, the heat will be distributed unevenly, which will lead to the fact that it will be warm in one apartment and cold in the next one.
An important point also is . To avoid such situations, we came up with appropriate valid values(standards).
Acceptable minimum battery temperature
However, the minimum temperature of batteries in apartments by law and regulations not registered. This means that the indicator should be such that was preserved permissible air temperature in the apartment (+18 to + 25 degrees).
Obviously, which is unacceptable low battery temperatures, achieve normal air temperature throughout the apartment impossible.
What should the maximum value be?
- The maximum permissible temperature for batteries in an apartment is considered to be 95°C at two-pipe system heating;
- At single pipe system heating temperature maximum is 115°C;
- The recommended temperature is between 85°C and 90°C. This is due to the fact that 100°C is the boiling point of water. When this indicator is reached, special measures are taken to prevent boiling;
Note: Despite the fact that the maximum temperature is 115 °C, operating batteries in this mode is not recommended. They break quickly if they work under such increased load.
How to measure battery temperature?
- An ordinary thermometer. In this case, 1-2°C should be added to the measured surface area of the heating device;
- Using an infrared thermometer;
- Use an alcohol thermometer to measure the temperature of the battery by taping it tightly to it. For accurate measurement, you need to cover the thermometer with heat-insulating material.
It is important: The device used to measure battery temperature must have a quality certificate. The measurement range should be from 5 to 40 degrees C - this greatly minimizes the measurement error. The permissible error is no more than 0.1 g. C of measurement.
If the battery temperature significantly doesn't reach recommended quantities should be written application to the management company to carry out measurements. Commission in the presence of the apartment tenant will carry out control measuring the fluid circulating in the battery and will establish inconsistency.
Note: Before measuring the temperature of the batteries, measure the temperature of the hot water from the tap. These indicators are interrelated with each other. If the thermometer readings are in the range from 60 to 75 °C, this is considered normal; if lower, this is a deviation from it.
What to do if there is no heating?
To do this, together with a representative of the operating company, it is necessary to measure the temperature in each room. If it turns out to be lower, it is important to record the readings.
Based on the results of measurements, the service company is obliged to take action, correct the situation and recalculate heating fees during periods of discrepancy. If there is no action on the part of the responsible company, it can be held administratively liable for violating the rules public services population.
If the recalculation did not motivate the responsible organization to correct errors, you should draw up collective complaint residents of the house about temperature violations. It will become the basis for going to court. For violations, the organization supplying heat may be seriously fined.
Thus, the temperature of the batteries in the apartment during the heating season must comply with the requirements of SNiP.
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Autonomous heating provides the consumer with the opportunity to regulate the temperature of the water in the radiators and the air temperature in the room. You can regulate the operation of the heating system and save on costs.
Centralized heating in an apartment building is controlled by the management company and utility companies serving the area. And therefore, the residents of the house do not even always know what the temperature in the apartments should be; they can rarely influence the heat supply to the housing.
Heating standards have been developed and approved; they must be adhered to by those companies that are responsible for supplying heat to residential premises.
The standards are based on the needs of a living organism at a certain temperature. environment for a normal existence. If you know exactly what the temperature of the radiators in the apartment should be normal, you can safely demand that they be maintained comfortable conditions from responsible persons.
Standard temperature standards for heating systems
Apartment standards regarding the temperature of the coolant in radiators and pipes indicate a specific indicator for a living space. Wherein Only small deviations are allowed.
Indicators are most often developed for apartments, less often for work premises. This is due to the fact that residents apartment buildings People often want to know what temperature the batteries should be. The data is indicated in special SNiPs, and you can also find them out from other resources.
ATTENTION! In the rooms of the apartment with centralized heating The temperature must be maintained at 20 to 22 two degrees Celsius. In apartment buildings, a slight deviation from the norm is allowed in the range from 18 to 24 degrees.
For some rooms, other standard options have been developed.
- If the room is corner, the normal temperature during the heating season is 20 degrees Celsius. Walls in corner rooms more than others are cooled by outside air.
- In the kitchen a large number of cooking appliances are running for a while. Here the temperature must be maintained from 19 to 21 degrees Celsius, and the permitted deviations are 19-26.
- What is the normal bathroom temperature? Standards indicate an indicator within 18-24 degrees. It is recommended to maintain a temperature of 20 degrees, with a lower value in the bathroom, with high level humidity, it will not be comfortable and warm enough.
- Standards have also been developed for non-residential premises. These include corridors, storage rooms, and other areas of the apartment.
When calculating, which is carried out professional specialists, the frequency of room use is taken into account. In some cases it is enough to follow temperature regime water central heating such that it gives even 16-18 degrees (for example, in a pantry where food is often stored). The permissible minimum limit is 12 degrees, the maximum is 22 degrees.
ATTENTION! The temperature in the apartments of the heat supply radiators of an apartment building may decrease slightly at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 a.m.). According to GOST, such a decrease in heat in pipes is permissible (no more than 3 degrees) and is not considered a violation.
Compliance
Temperature standards for pipes and air in residential and non-residential premises apartments is compiled on the basis of many calculations, but it is not always possible to accurately comply with them. Difficulties may arise from distribution of pipes and heat in them by room, depending on how efficiently they work heating devices, on the condition of the risers of apartment buildings.
If the residents of the house independently reinstalled the radiators, changed their location, or installed new heating branches, all this can affect the level of heat in the pipes and air in the living quarters. Sometimes in some rooms there is a lack of heat, in others there is an excess of it.
IMPORTANT! So that the heating system can comply with design standards comfortable temperature, it is not recommended to change batteries, pipes, or their location without consulting with specialists.
Safety requirements when drawing up temperature standards in apartment premises
- Norms fire safety set a limit for the temperatures of materials involved in finishing the house. Heated materials can spontaneously ignite, which is dangerous to human life. The coolant temperature should be 20 degrees below the ignition level. According to standards, the coolant must be heated between 65 and 115 degrees.
- If the water in the pipes is heated to 105 degrees, it will boil, so measures should be taken to lower the temperature.
- How many degrees can a battery have in a residential building? No higher than 75 degrees. If this indicator is violated, restrictive structures must be installed near the radiator to prevent close proximity.
ATTENTION! There are standard dates when the heating season begins and ends. But even outside them, heating can be carried out if the temperature outside remains below 8 degrees for more than five days.
What to do if the temperature regime is not maintained
If you know what temperature limits are set for the air in apartments during the heating season, you can monitor compliance with the regime and complain if it is violated.
Within the house, after the start of the heating season, heat supply is quickly established. But in separate apartments Heating may be disrupted due to plugs in the radiators. In order to correct the situation, you need to bleed a little air using the Mayevsky tap.
But perhaps the problem is not related to the batteries, in which case you need to call a technician. He will check the riser robot and the integrity of the pipes. The specialist also knows how to check the temperature in the apartment correctly and record its decrease in the report.
ATTENTION! If you find cold or slightly warm batteries after the start of the heating season, you need to contact the housing and communal services administration or management company.
You can check the temperature of the batteries yourself; for this you will need a special device called pyrometer.
You need to measure the temperature in the apartment in the presence of witnesses, for example, neighbors. With them, data is recorded in a report drawn up in free form. Witnesses must sign a document, which will then have evidentiary value.
How to measure the battery temperature yourself?
A pyrometer is usually used for measurement, but a regular thermometer will also work. When recording the temperature with a thermometer, you need to add 1-2 degrees to its readings.
To record the level of heat from the battery, you can attach an alcohol thermometer to it. You need to tie it very tightly, covering the device with heat-insulating material.
ATTENTION! All devices that independently measure heat levels must have a quality certificate. It is recommended to choose a device with a range from 5 to 40 degrees.
Contacting the management company
- If a specialist called from the management company or housing and communal services does not arrive to measure the temperature in the house, the readings are recorded independently in the presence of neighbors.
- The next step is to compare the obtained temperature data with the standards specified in SNiP. Then you should contact the management company again to draw up a written complaint.
- This claim must be in two copies, one remains with the person submitting the application. Documents must have a registration stamp in the Criminal Code.
- If the service authority does not take any action to solve the heating problem, the consumer has the right to act further. You can contact the Prosecutor's Office, attaching previously drawn up claims. The Housing Inspectorate also supervises heat suppliers to residential buildings.
Rospotrebnadzor also provides effective assistance in such situations, indicating violations of the work of management companies or housing and communal services organizations. He has hotline for consumers and worth calling.
If you discover a lack of heat in a house or apartment with central heating, you need to act decisively. The problem may be related to the batteries in the apartment or to the condition of the heating system throughout the house. The management company is obliged to eliminate the malfunction. At the same time, residents must record violations and measure deviations themselves (if a specialist from the management company does not come to the call).
The actual temperature in residential premises, recorded by accurate and certified instruments, will serve as the basis for recalculating heating payments. If the apartment temperature was below 18 degrees, payment must decrease by 0.15% for each hour of violation.
Useful video
This video talks about the optimal temperature and humidity parameters in a children's room.
Heat / Radiators
Problems with heating during the heating season and cold in the apartment can be a reason for going to court. By law, batteries must warm the room no lower than the temperature established by special standards.
What should be the temperature in the apartment? Legal requirements
The temperature in the residential premises of an apartment building is determined by the “Rules for the provision of utilities owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”, as well as “GOST R 51617-2000. State standard Russian Federation. Housing and communal services. Are common technical specifications.»
The “Rules for the Provision of Utilities” states that in residential premises the temperature should not be lower than +18 °C (in corner rooms - +20 °C). And in areas with the coldest five-day temperature of -31 °C and below, the air temperature in residential premises should not be lower than +20 °C (in corner rooms - +22 °C).
At night (from 00.00 to 5.00 hours) the air temperature in the apartment can drop by no more than 4 °C. During the daytime, a decrease in temperature below the standard level is not allowed.
At the same time, GOST R 51617-2000 (State Russian Federation standard. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions. approved Decree of the State Standard of Russia dated June 19, 2000 N 158-st) establishes the minimum air temperature level for certain types of premises in an apartment.
| Room | Indoor air temperature during the cold season, °C |
| Living room of an apartment or dormitory | 18 (20 ) |
| The same, in areas with the temperature of the coldest five-day period (security 0.92) minus 31 °C and below | 20 (22 ) |
| Apartment and dormitory kitchen, vat: | 18 |
| Drying cabinet for clothes and shoes in the apartment | - |
| Bathroom | 25 |
| Individual restroom | 18 |
| Combined toilet and bathroom area | 25 |
| The same, with individual heating | 18 |
| Common washroom | 18 |
| Shared shower | 25 |
| Shared restroom | 16 |
| Dressing room for cleaning and ironing clothes, washroom in the dormitory | 18 |
| Lobby, common corridor, front hall in an apartment building, staircase | 16 |
| Lobby, common corridor, staircase in the dormitory | 18 |
| Laundry room | 15 |
| Ironing and drying rooms in dormitories | 15 |
| Storage rooms for storing personal belongings and sports equipment; household and linen in the hostel | 12 |
| Isolation room in a dormitory | 20 |
| Elevator machine room | 5 |
| Garbage collection chamber | 5 |
Notes: In the corner rooms of apartments and dormitories, the air temperature should be 2 °C higher than specified
How to correctly measure the air temperature in your apartment?
The current “Rules for the provision of public services” explain the situation as follows:
... Measurement of air temperature in residential premises is carried out in a room (if there are several rooms - in the largest living room), in the center of planes spaced from the inner surface outer wall and a heating element at 0.5 m and in the center of the room (the point of intersection of the diagonal lines of the room) at a height of 1 m. In this case, the measuring instruments must comply with the requirements of the standards (GOST 30494-96)…
What to do if the temperature in your apartment drops below normal?
If you find that your apartment is colder than required by law, you must notify your emergency dispatch service. The application can be made either in writing or orally (by telephone call).
The duty officer is required to register your application and set a time for the inspection.
The time for the inspection is set no later than 2 hours from the moment of receiving a message from the consumer about a violation of the quality of the utility service, unless a different time is agreed upon with the consumer.
Upon completion of the inspection, an inspection report is drawn up. If during its course a violation of the quality of a utility service is established, then the inspection report indicates the date and time of the inspection, the identified violations of the quality parameters of the utility service, the methods (tools) used during the inspection to identify such violations, conclusions about the date and time of the beginning of the violation of the quality of the utility service. services.
It’s cold in the apartment: what compensation can you expect?
If no one comes to you, or comes and signs documents, but nothing changes, then you have a natural desire to influence the situation in more radical ways.
Before we look at possible methods impact on public utilities, let's clarify what responsibilities the current legislation places on the heat supplier to a residential building.
The requirements for an acceptable interruption in the heat supply are formulated as follows (for more details, see the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, Appendix 1, Section VI):
- no more than 24 hours (in total) within 1 month;
- no more than 16 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from +12°C to the standard temperature indicated in the table above;
- no more than 8 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from +10°C to +12°C;
- no more than 4 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from +8°С to +10°С
The liability of utility companies for violations of these requirements is established as follows:
- for each hour of exceeding the permissible duration of a heating interruption, calculated in total for the billing period in which the specified excess occurred, the amount of payment for utility services for such billing period is reduced by 0.15% of the fee determined for such billing period.
Well, what if heat is supplied to the apartment, but the radiators do not warm the room? In this case, the following requirements are established:
- permissible decrease in standard temperature at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 hours) - no more than 3°C from the above level;
- a decrease in air temperature in a living room during the daytime (from 5.00 to 0.00 hours) is not allowed
Responsibility for violation of these norms is established as follows:
- for each hour of deviation in air temperature in a residential area in total during the billing period in which the specified deviation occurred, the amount of payment for utility services for such billing period is reduced by 0.15% of the fee determined for such billing period for each degree of temperature deviation.
Thus, the current legislation makes it possible:
- In the event of your batteries being disconnected, for every hour in excess of the permitted duration of battery disconnection (the terms are indicated above), you will be charged 0.15% of the monthly (this is how we set the billing period) payment for heat
- If the apartment is cold, but the radiators still heat, then you can demand a reduction in the monthly heating fee by 0.15% for each hour when the temperature was below the standard.
The recalculation may be for a significant amount. Let's do the math.
Suppose you pay about 3,000 rubles a month in winter for heating your apartment. You are tired of constantly freezing and, say, on December 3, you drew up an act stating that the temperature in your apartment does not exceed 15 degrees Celsius (determined based on the temperature in the largest room by area).
However, within a month there was no reaction from the utility workers. It's still cold in the house. What will the recalculation be like?
We take 27 days following the drawing up of the act. This will be 648 hours. We multiply this number of hours by 0.15%, we get a figure of 97.2%. You should be recalculated for this amount. It turns out that you are actually not obligated to pay for heating if this service is not provided efficiently.
Naturally, no one will return this money to you voluntarily. We need to go to court.
What are the chances of winning a lawsuit regarding cold radiators in an apartment?
There are precedents for residents being able to get their heating bills recalculated due to the cold in their apartment.
In particular, in 2014, in several courts, a resident Perm region managed to achieve a recovery of 136 thousand rubles in favor of low temperature in a living room.
As Rossiyskaya Gazeta reports, Gubakha resident Natalya Alekseeva (surname changed) filed a lawsuit against the local management company in the spring of 2014, demanding 350 thousand rubles from utility workers. She substantiated her statement by the fact that during the heating season of 2012-2013, as well as in winter next year the temperature in her apartment did not rise above 15 degrees. Meanwhile, according to the rules for the provision of public services, the air in residential premises must be heated to 18 degrees, and in corner rooms - to 20.
Alekseeva invited employees of the Criminal Code to take her temperature. In total, such measurements were made ten times. And not once did they meet the norm. The plaintiff even noted in her statement to the court that because of the cold in the apartment she became ill, and listed several diseases that brought her to the hospital.
Alekseeva did not stop complaining to various authorities, district and regional, trying to get a recalculation of utility bills. And in 2013, she even refused to pay for heating, believing that the money was being taken from her unreasonably. The case then reached the magistrate’s court, which issued an order to collect 31 thousand rubles in debt from Alekseeva. But this decision was overturned, since she was able to prove the improper provision of a service such as heating.
As a result, all attempts to solve the problem peacefully failed. Claims asking for a recalculation of heat payments were rejected. The woman was not offered any compensation. And then she went to court.
During the trial, representatives of the management company completely denied their involvement in low temperatures in Alekseeva’s apartment. They stated that there was no agreement between them for the provision of such a service as heating, and money for it did not arrive at their cash desk. Therefore, they did not recognize the demands presented.
However, the Gubakhinsky City Court decided otherwise. The fact is that according to the management agreement apartment building, where Alekseeva lives, the management company is obliged to provide water supply, sanitation and heating services. According to the same document, payment for them must be made directly to resource supply organizations.
The management company also has an agreement with the local housing and communal services department on the supply of thermal energy. It states that this resource is intended for heating residential buildings, and the air temperature in them must meet the standards.
Therefore, the court recognized Alekseeva’s demands as legal, and all the objections of the Criminal Code as unfounded. The absence of a heating agreement between them does not play any role, since this obligation of the utility organization is specified in the agreement for the management of an apartment building.
Taking into account that the management company could no longer argue the fact of poor-quality heat supply, the court satisfied the plaintiff’s demands to recover money. At the same time, Alekseeva is required to return 77 thousand rubles as a recalculation, in addition, a fine of half this amount and 20 thousand rubles as compensation for moral damage. Total 136 thousand.
It’s January, there’s a pleasant frost outside, the snow is crunching. And at home it’s a little warmer than outside: the radiators barely heat up. What should be the temperature of the batteries in the apartment, do you know? Perhaps the pipe has become airy? Or maybe it's the heater that's running out of heat? Or an accident on a heating main? Call the control room, and they tell you that heat is supplied to everyone in the same mode and the problem should be solved somewhere on your premises, they ask you to check the pipes in the apartment. If the pipes are in order, they ask you to contact your neighbors: maybe something is wrong with them. You won't find the ends. And the opposite situation also happens. And you can’t seem to find fault with them, they stoke them conscientiously. It would seem, what is there to complain about? But it turns out there is something. And first of all, for violation of state service standards in the housing and communal services sector and failure to maintain the appropriate temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment of the house. This means a violation of your rights as a customer of the service. After all, you entered into an agreement with them. This, in turn, obliges heating company provide your services with high quality, without deviating from norms and standards. And such standards, by the way, regulate the temperature of heating radiators in apartments throughout the heating season.
How many times have you endured the cold during the heating season because you didn’t heat enough? Or the unbearable heat, because they heat the same way - whether in October or in the cold of February? To prevent this from happening, you must clearly know your rights as a consumer of heating services, including the proper temperature of the radiators in the apartment. And under no circumstances should you allow the heating company to violate these rules. You need to know exactly what the normal temperature of the battery in the apartment should be. After all, by getting away with minor violations, we condone negligence, and in the end this can bring much greater trouble not only to you personally, but also to other consumers.
What state standards regulate heat supply?
GOSTs or state quality standards serve to regulate relations between the consumer and the manufacturer/supplier of any product or service. In this case, the manufacturer or supplier of heating services is the heating company (boiler house). Department of Housing and Utilities - entity, whose responsibilities according to the contract include providing citizens with heating services. The consumer of such a service is, accordingly, any person who has entered into an agreement for the provision of services with the company.
And in each specific situation the state standard will determine acceptable standards, boundaries of norms and deviations from them for each industry. It is these standards that regulate what temperature of heating radiators in an apartment is normal. Reaching what degrees becomes a violation state standards and what measures should be taken?
So what standard determines what the desired temperature of the battery in the apartment should be? GOST 30494-2011 is a quality standard required by the state for all service providers to properly perform their services. determines everything related to heat in a comfortable apartment.
But whatever the heating temperature in the apartment, the norm should always be within the range of 20 to 22 degrees Celsius in order for the room to be suitable for habitation. The minimum mark according to sanitary standards is 18 degrees Celsius. The temperature in the room should not be below this mark (provided that your windows are closed and the room is sealed, heating elements and other additional heating devices are not turned on)
It is also worth noting that today the GOST standard for the temperature of heating radiators in an apartment is not a mandatory rule, but has only a recommendatory quality standard, which the service company is free to adhere to or not to adhere to at its discretion. In practice, it is almost impossible to force a heating company to comply with GOST requirements. Also, the rule about what the temperature of the batteries in an apartment should be is regulated by SANPIN standards. And although GOST standards are legally higher than SANPIN standards, it is the latter that are used as a measure of standards in enterprises. This means that it will depend on them what the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment will be.
What should the temperature of water be at different times of the year?
So what should be the temperature of the batteries in the apartment? Standards for heating apartments depend on the time of year and weather conditions. For each specific organization There are operating regulations that depend on local conditions and include all the necessary parameters, including thermal conductivity of pipes, heat loss during water transmission and other professional factors.
SANPIN standards reflect the actual state of the requirements of Sanitary and Epidemiological Standards for what the temperature of the batteries in the apartment should be. But they also give concessions to heaters. For example, to save resources at night, the heat in the room can be reduced by 3 degrees. This standard states that the temperature of the battery in an apartment in winter should normally be such that the air temperature in residential premises remains at least 18 degrees Celsius in winter.
If it is more or less specified limits, it is worth taking appropriate measures.
What to do if the water temperature is below normal?
First of all, act according to the situation. The elementary laws of self-preservation dictate to us: if something is wrong, we need to save ourselves. If the batteries don’t heat up at all, and it’s January outside, then it’s worth considering for a while alternative source warmth or move in with relatives. Litigation with public utilities can last quite a while long time, and all this time you will have to live somewhere. And freezing in an unheated apartment is not the best option. First of all, because you need to start with good attitude to yourself. This advice may seem trivial, but let's face it: thousands of people in this case continue to stay in an unheated room, wrap themselves in fur coats, and so on. If the standard temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment is not observed, take care of your health.
In order to prove that you are right, you will need strength. First of all, physical, second - moral. A person, oppressed by a situation, can sometimes make such concessions that in another situation he would never have allowed. Therefore, the only option here is to immediately respond to a violation of your rights. As well as ensuring your own comfort. The next step is to find out what the temperature of the batteries in the apartment is. this moment.
How to measure the temperature of water in batteries?
Let's start with the fact that modern radiators often special taps with temperature sensors are already installed. They allow you to regulate the heat. If your batteries have such a sensor, the first thing you should turn to is it. It displays current information about what the temperature is heating radiators in the apartment and a mechanism is installed that allows you to regulate an unwanted increase or decrease in heat in accordance with the temperature standards of the radiators in the apartment.
If you do not have such a sensor, then there are 3 ways to act in such a situation:
- Take a regular mercury thermometer and place it on the surface of the radiator for a few minutes. This result needs to be adjusted plus/minus 2 degrees.
- Take an alcohol thermometer and tape it to the battery, e.g. masking tape. Then cover with a thick blanket and wait for the allotted time. This result will also not be very accurate, but quite visual.
- Use a laser thermometer that operates in the infrared spectrum. This type The thermometer is very accurate (the error will be approximately half a division) and does not require special preparation. However, not everyone has ordinary person there is such a device in the house. And it costs more than a regular thermometer.
- Call a specialist. In order to call specialists to your home, it is enough to find an organization on the Internet that deals with such measurements and invite a special team to your home. Technicians will not only measure the temperature of the radiators in the house, but will also tell you what the cause of heat loss is and how to eliminate it. And, what is most important in our case, they will draw up a report on the heating company’s violation of the terms of heat supply.
This is the key point. Since it is this act that will allow you to resolve the issue of improper performance by the company of its obligations and, perhaps, not only solve your heating problem, but also get additional compensation, if in the actions of the contractor (housing and communal services, boiler room, etc.) violations were noticed that resulted in breakdown or improper functioning of the heating systems.
Home remedies for overheated batteries
If the batteries are overheated, do the following:
- adjust the temperature sensor on the battery (if any);
- ventilate the room as often as possible until completely cooled;
- use air conditioning (if possible);
- cover the batteries with a thick, non-flammable cloth or fence them off with curtains/screens.
It must be remembered that the fabric can deteriorate from overheating, so you need to choose only very dense and heat-resistant materials. For example, thick felt retains heat very well.
Reasons for non-compliance with GOST temperature of water in batteries
However, the reasons for violating heating standards are different. You shouldn’t immediately “throw stones” towards the heating company.
Such reasons may include weather conditions, emergencies, physical factors(for example, air getting into the pipes), the fault may also lie with third parties who violate the rules of use heating systems and so on. It may also be the material from which the batteries are made.
But despite this, in 99% of cases, violations of GOST are still the work of the companies responsible for this activity. After all, if some kind of emergency situation occurs on the line, it is often the fault of the services that carried out technical inspection or replacement/maintenance of equipment, or the company’s inspection, which is well aware of all violations of GOST, but has not resolved this issue.
There is no need to endure; feel free to address your demands to higher authorities. And we will tell you further how to do it correctly.
Who is responsible for compliance with state standards in housing and communal services?
Compliance with GOST standards is monitored by such structures as Rospotrebnadzor, the sanitary-epidemiological station (SES), and in the event of violations, a special commission conducts checks, which is designed to make sure that the indicated temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment is normal. If your rights are violated, you also have the right to go to court. If a heating company maliciously violates the rights of citizens who have entered into an agreement with it, the prosecutor’s office and the Ministry of Internal Affairs take up the case. As you can see, your interests are protected by law.
How to prove you are right and defend your rights to heat
If the applicant is not satisfied with the temperature of the radiator in the apartment, the norm in this case is to contact legal representatives. First, make all the necessary measurements: record the temperature of the air batteries in the presence of specialists, draw up an inspection report. Now with these documents you can safely go to court. But before you sue the utility company, try to come to an agreement with them: file a complaint with the organization itself for an administrative resolution of the issue. Most likely, the company will order a special inspection according to state standards and violations will be identified and corrected, and your comfort will return.
It also happens that the management company and utility companies do not respond properly to violations of GOST standards. In this case, you must go to court.
Levers of influence on the utility system.
When utility companies refuse to take responsibility for cold batteries, most Russians turn either to the judiciary or to the “fourth estate,” that is, to journalists. And they, in turn, make the case public on television or in the press. This method is good because it calls on the actions of real government officials—the city administration. This way you can solve problems that have not been solved for a long time. After all, utility problems are often more than just problems with organization. This, in fact, turns into a housing problem, when the only solution to the problem is the temporary relocation of residents from unheated premises. In this case, the authorities help the affected residents.
How to protect yourself from such situations?
- As a last resort, it is better to get heaters in advance in case of cold and air conditioning in case of heat.
- Replace radiators with new ones. If your old batteries are already rusty, it's time to change them. This way you will protect yourself from leaks and unnecessary repair worries. And the new ones will serve you for a long time. In addition, new radiators in most cases have a regulator and a built-in thermometer, which will not allow your batteries to overheat without your knowledge, and will also release excess temperature using a steam tap, which is also quite convenient.
- Carry out periodic pipe maintenance. Pipes must be cleaned of air accumulation: drain water to avoid air bubbles, check integrity.
- Conduct technical inspection heating systems before the heating season so that everything works as expected. Every summer, the authorities, city administration and housing and communal services carry out preventive and repair work. It would also be a good idea to invite specialists to check your equipment if there are any doubts about the readiness of the equipment for winter.
- And of course, if suddenly the water temperature in the pipes no longer meets the GOST requirements, immediately contact your heating company to find out the reasons. It is possible that the cause is a malfunction somewhere on the line.