Setting up a heating system with a gas mounted boiler. Installation of a wall-mounted gas boiler

Content

Is it possible to install a gas boiler with your own hands?
How to choose the right installation location?
How to place a gas boiler on the wall?
Mounting process gas boiler

Introduction

Wall mounted gas boilers are very popular among owners autonomous systems heating. Since the fuel used in them is very explosive and toxic, it is necessary to approach the installation and commissioning of these devices with all responsibility. Installation of a wall-mounted gas boiler in a private house should be carried out in strict accordance with technical requirements and standards.

Installation, in relation to mounted gas boilers, is a very comprehensive concept and can include such work as: correct choice of location and actual installation of the boiler on the wall, connection to the gas main, piping in the heating system. In this article we will exclusively consider issues the right choice premises and placement of the heating device on the wall, as well as existing requirements for carrying out this work.

Is it possible to install a gas boiler with your own hands?

Designing heating system you should take into account the requirements of gas services, which they impose both on the installation site of the wall-mounted gas boiler and on the installation process itself. If all technical requirements And building codes are met, some work can be done with your own hands.

Photo 1: Commissioning of a wall-mounted boiler by a representative gas service

It should be remembered that you are only allowed to independently place the wall-mounted boiler in the prepared room in accordance with the project developed by the gas service. Connection to the gas main and all commissioning work must be carried out by certified specialists authorized to carry out this work.

We also note that not all manufacturers allow the installation of gas boilers with their own hands. Many large companies producing gas heating equipment, such as Bosch, Ariston, Viessmann, will void the warranty on a wall-mounted boiler if the installation was carried out by an unqualified employee.

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How to choose the right installation location?

Depending on the design, the installation requirements for wall-hung gas boilers are somewhat different. If installed heating device With closed camera combustion, it can be placed in almost any room of the house. For gas boilers with open camera combustion requirements are more stringent and a properly equipped boiler room should be provided for them. The general requirements imposed by regulatory documents (SP 42-101-2003, SNiP 42-01, SNiP 31-02-2001, MDS 41.2-2000) and controlled by gas services are as follows:

Photo 2: Equipped boiler room for a wall-mounted gas boiler

When installing household mounted gas heat generators with a power of up to 60 kW, the volume of the room in which the installation is carried out must be at least 15 m³. Mounted boilers with an open combustion chamber must be placed in separate room on any floor of the building. Turbocharged heaters with a power of up to 35 kW can be installed in the kitchen.
The room in which installation is planned must have a ceiling height of at least 2.5 m. If a model with an open combustion chamber is used, it is required to equip it with another suitable material.
The boiler room or kitchen where the mounted boiler is installed must have a window with an area of at least 0.03 m² for each cubic meter premises.
When installing wall-mounted gas boilers with an open combustion chamber, it is important to ensure proper ventilation. The hood should produce three air exchanges in the room within an hour, and forced ventilation replenish the volume consumed by the hood plus supply the air necessary for normal operation burners.
The external gas pipeline is supplied directly to the room where the boiler is installed. The section of pipe passing indoors must comply with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.08 for low-pressure gas mains.
It is necessary to provide a connection point to the electrical network with grounding and artificial lighting. The temperature in the boiler room should be in the range from +5 to +35 °C with air humidity not exceeding 80%.

Photo 3: Installing a wall-mounted boiler in the kitchen of a country house

For more detailed information, please refer directly to the regulatory documents given above. They regulate in detail the installation of mounted gas boilers and in them you can find answers to all questions that arise during the design.

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How to place a gas boiler on the wall?

Having correctly selected and prepared the room for installation, you need to determine the position of the wall-hung gas boiler on the wall and prepare the surface for installation accordingly:

Photo 4: Correct placement gas boiler on the wall

It is recommended to install it on a solid wall that can support the weight of the device. If the wall is made of flammable material (for example, wooden house), then between the boiler and the wall there should be a gasket made of non-combustible material protruding along the perimeter of the device at a distance of 200 mm. Typically, a layer of asbestos cardboard is used, and a sheet of galvanized steel is attached on top of it.
It is recommended to install the mounted boiler at a height of 90-120 cm from the floor and at a distance of at least 10 cm from adjacent walls. This space is necessary for convenient piping and servicing of the boiler.
The electrical outlet must be located next to wall-mounted boiler and in no case under it. This will avoid a short circuit in the event of a leak. A place should be provided nearby for.

The requirements for the location of gas boilers on the wall and the distance to various building elements differ for many models. We have given the most typical values, but still, before installation, you need to clarify them in the passport for a specific device.

A house, by definition, should be warm. There are many ways to make it this way. However, every owner strives to do this in the most economical and practical way. One such option is installing a gas boiler. Gas heating is profitable and quite simple to install and operate. Connecting devices should only be carried out by specialists, but arrangement of the boiler room, installation of the boiler, etc. You can do it yourself, saving a decent amount.

Installation of gas equipment should begin with obtaining permits and necessary approvals. It is necessary to order a project for gasification of premises and installation of gas equipment. The document is developed and approved by specialists from the gas supply company. Once you get acquainted with the project, you can start purchasing necessary equipment, the main characteristics of which must be present in the document. In addition, an agreement on the supply of natural gas should be concluded. After this, you can directly install the system.

We will equip a suitable room for the boiler

A gas boiler is the main element of the heating system. To install it, you will need to properly equip the room. It must comply with a number of strict requirements, violation of which entails significant penalties and provokes accidents with the most severe consequences. Gas is an explosive and flammable substance. You need to be extremely careful with him.

The room in which gas equipment is installed must meet a number of requirements. The main characteristics of the boiler room are presented in the form of a diagram

When choosing a place to install a heating gas boiler, you need to take into account the following requirements for the room:

a channel must be equipped in one of the walls to remove combustion products;
mandatory presence of natural light. The minimum window area is calculated by the formula: per cubic meter of room volume - 0.03 sq. meters of window surface;
ceiling height at least 2.5 m;
layout providing unobstructed access to the boiler and auxiliary equipment;
Availability ventilation grille located in the lower half of the wall or door. The area of the structure is calculated based on the ratio of 8 square meters. cm grates for every 1 kW of boiler;
volume – minimum 15 sq. m;
fire resistance of wall structures – at least 0.75 hours;
the presence of a gas analyzer and an automatic valve that responds to its signals, which will shut off the fuel supply in the event of a gas leak;
a well-organized chimney, the cross-section of which must correspond to the power of the equipment;
The door width should not be less than 80 cm.

It must be remembered that the installation of gas boilers with a power of less than 60 kW is permitted in any room except those intended for residential use. It is also not recommended to install gas equipment in a bathroom or toilet. Double-circuit appliances are prohibited from being installed in kitchens. If the total power of the equipment is not higher than 150 kW, it can be installed on any floor of the building. Devices of higher power can only be located on the ground floor or in the basement.

Many people prefer to place gas equipment in the kitchen. In this case, the standards regulating the installation of gas boilers require calculating the required minimum area based on the fact that there is at least 0.2 m2 of room per 1 kW of power. If the kitchen is combined with the living room, it becomes mandatory to have a gas analyzer that can detect a possible gas leak in time.

If the boiler power allows, gas equipment is often installed in the kitchen, even if it is a shared room with the living room. In this case, the presence of a gas analyzer becomes a mandatory precaution.

Gas equipment installation technology

In order for the installation of the boiler to proceed without complications, you should pay attention to the method of its fastening even when purchasing the equipment. You should check the equipment of the device and find out the presence of fasteners. If they are not available, you must immediately buy suitable ones. In addition, when purchasing equipment, be sure to check whether it has a certificate. In the absence of a document, it is possible serious problems with registration. The characteristics of the device and the serial number printed on the inner door of the device must match the information specified in the passport.

Option #1 - installing a floor-standing boiler

Before installing the floor-standing device, you should prepare a place for it. Let's start with the floor. Since the equipment is heavy, the base must be strong. You may need to fill the screed. The floor on which the boiler will be installed must be made of material with a fireproof coating. If this is not the case, hollow concrete blocks 100 mm high and covered on top with a sheet of metal 0.8 mm thick. As an option, you can consider using fireproof boards approved for such purposes.

The device must be placed at a distance of at least 0.1 m from the wall, provided that the coating is made of non-combustible materials. If it is necessary to move the device close, the wall must be fireproof. In this case, the base is insulated with roofing steel, which is applied to an asbestos sheet with a thickness of at least 0.3 cm. The insulation must overlap the perimeter dimensions of the device body by at least 0.1 m. All protruding parts of the boiler fittings or gas burners must be removed from walls at least 1 m.

The equipment is installed on the prepared base as level as possible. Used for verification building level. If necessary, place a solid material under the legs of the device. non-flammable material. The boiler is connected to the chimney and the indoor heating system. To prevent rapid clogging of the heat exchanger, a hard cleaning filter is installed in front of the return inlet. If the boiler is double-circuit, it is connected to a cold water pipeline.

A floor-standing gas boiler must be installed on a prepared base. If necessary, the floor is reinforced and a base made of non-combustible materials is installed. Most often these are hollow concrete blocks 100 mm high, covered with a sheet of metal

Experts recommend installing the boiler so that it can be easily dismantled. Shut-off valves are installed on all pipes connected to the device. They will make it possible, if necessary, to dismantle the equipment without unwanted discharge of water from the operating system.

It must be remembered that complete installation of gas boilers cannot be done with your own hands. A certified specialist must be invited to check the correctness of the installation, perform the remaining necessary measures and start the system.

Option #2 - connecting attachments

Proper installation of gas wall-mounted boilers begins with flushing the internal tubes. During assembly, various small debris could easily have gotten into them and needed to be removed. To do this, remove the plugs necessary for transportation from the device and pass water through it under slight pressure. After washing, the equipment is ready for installation.

The wall where the device is planned to be mounted must be very level and strong enough to support the boiler and related devices. If the base is made of flammable materials, a non-flammable gasket with a width of at least 3 mm is attached to it. In this case, the boiler is fixed at a distance of at least 4.5 cm from the wall. The installed device must be located at a distance of no less than 20 cm from other equipment or flammable materials. It is not recommended to place the boiler close to a window or in a small wall opening. The power source must be located close to the device.

The device is mounted on strips that are mounted on the wall at the desired height. Typically it is located between 0.8 and 1.6 meters from the floor. After securing the device using a level, check the horizontal installation. All identified inconsistencies are corrected, otherwise this may negatively affect the operation of the equipment. Connection to water supply is being made. Before doing this, be sure to remove the plugs from the pipes. It is advisable to install filters at the water inlets, so the heat exchanger will become less clogged.

A wall-mounted gas boiler must be installed exactly horizontally; the accuracy of installation must be checked with a level. Otherwise, problems with the operation of the equipment may occur, even leading to emergency situations.

The gas pipeline is connected to the boiler only using metal pipe rigid connection or through a special drive. A paronite gasket is required. Direct connection of the system is carried out only by certified specialists who will check whether the boiler is installed correctly and start the equipment.

Gas heating is efficient and economical. However, do not forget that gas is potentially dangerous. No need to try to install it yourself gas appliances without special knowledge and skills. The cost of a mistake can be too high. Regardless of who installed the equipment, the connection is carried out only by gas company specialists. They also check the correctness of the installation. You should not save money on the services of professionals. Even though it may seem that the cost of their work is too high, believe me that the life and safety of everyone living in the house is worth much more.

Installing a wall-mounted gas boiler involves several logical steps. At the first stage, the purchase and delivery of the boiler is carried out, the purchase required material Tools are needed for installation and assembly.

Material for installing a wall-mounted gas boiler

Installation of a wall-mounted gas boiler begins in the store. Of course, this is not the installation itself, but preparation for it. When purchasing or ordering a wall-mounted gas boiler, you need to find out or inspect whether the boiler is equipped with fastening elements. Usually these are hooks and power dowels. If this fastener is not included with the boiler, it must be purchased.

It is worth noting that “reputable” boiler manufacturers complete the boiler with special installation patterns, which are used to mark and drill holes for mounting the boiler.

Note: Let me remind you that when choosing a wall-mounted gas boiler and purchasing it, you must inquire and request a certificate of conformity for the selected boiler model. Without this certificate, legalization (obtaining permission to connect) will be very problematic.

Tool for installing a gas wall-mounted boiler

For work you need to prepare the following tool:

Electric drill or hammer drill. A drill is needed to drill holes for mounting a gas boiler.
Construction level, more than 1 meter long.

Construction level plays important role, in the installation, namely, of a gas boiler, and especially of a condensing gas boiler. Any tilt of the condensing gas boiler will lead to its failure in the shortest possible time. It’s a good idea to replace the building level with a laser level, this will improve the accuracy of installation.

Preparing the wall for installing a gas boiler

The room where the wall-mounted gas boiler will be located must meet a whole list of requirements for the combustion room. Often, wall-mounted gas boilers are installed in the kitchen and the space in the kitchen must be prepared for installation of the boiler.

In addition to ventilation, airing and other rules, Special attention you need to pay attention to the wall on which the boiler will be placed.

The wall for hanging the gas boiler must be strong. The material or structure of the wall must be adapted to install the power fasteners on which the boiler will hang.
If the wall for hanging the boiler is made of plasterboard, then in advance in the frame of the plasterboard structure, it is necessary to provide and lay firmly fixed wooden blocks at the location where the fastener is installed.
If the material of the wall or its finishing is potentially flammable, a non-flammable gasket of 3 mm thick and more sizes boiler by 10-15 cm.
According to standards, a wall-mounted gas boiler should be 40-45 mm away from the wall. Therefore, the gas boiler is not mounted on the wall, but on bars previously fixed to the wall.

Hanging a gas boiler on the wall

Mark the installation level of the gas boiler. Height from the floor from 800 to 1600 mm.
Attach a non-flammable material (asbestos) and a piece of wood to a wooden wall metal sheet(galvanized sheet).
Other types of walls, for aesthetic installation of the boiler, should be covered with ceramic tiles.
If the boiler is not equipped with a special bracket, install bars at the level of the gas boiler mounting to ensure that the boiler is indented from the wall.
Mark the mounting locations for the gas boiler. Usually, the packaging or instructions contain the exact dimensions of the boiler mounting points or an installation template. It is important to maintain the exact horizontal level of the gas boiler.

Important! A condensing gas boiler should hang with a slight slope, “away from you”, that is, the distance from the boiler to the wall at the top should be less than the distance to the wall at the bottom.

Important to remember! Whatever material the heating system in the house (apartment) is made of, the boiler is connected only with metal pipes.

Preparing a gas boiler for hanging

In front of the gas boiler canopy:

The boiler is removed from the package;
The marking plate on the boiler body is checked against the certificate and invoices;
The bracket included in the boiler kit or other selected fasteners is screwed to the installation location on the wall;
All factory plugs on the boiler are removed;
The internal pipe system MUST be washed.
The gas boiler is hung in place.

After hanging, the horizontal position of the boiler is checked and adjustments are made if necessary. All! Hanging, or rather, installation of the wall-mounted gas boiler is complete. The next step is connecting the gas boiler to the system.

Installing a gas boiler in a private house requires solving some problems. To the premises and equipment there are specific requirements, which will have to be carried out strictly, because Not only the quality of operation, but also safety depends on this.

Preparation for installation of a gas boiler room in a private house includes important steps for its design and approval of installation in the relevant organizations. At this stage, it is selected or built room to place the boiler, and also select desired type equipment.

It is important to correctly estimate the required gas consumption. This fuel is quite accessible in many regions of the country, but its additional selection from centralized network must require permits.

An important preparatory step is choosing the type of equipment. Gas boilers have 2 main types:

Single circuit type. It is intended only for heating and has a simpler design.
can simultaneously heat the house and provide hot water.

Boilers also differ in the way they are installed. Wall and floor options. Each of them has its pros and cons, which is taken into account when choosing equipment.

The choice of device based on power depends on the size of the house (see:). In this case, the climate coefficient (Kk) is taken into account. For central regions (including Moscow) it is 1.2-1.4; southern regions – 0.8-0.9; north of the country – 1.4-2. The evaluation calculation is carried out using the formula KхS/10. For example, for a house in the Moscow region with an area of 120 m², it is advisable to choose a boiler with a capacity of 120x1.2/10, i.e. 14-15 kW.

Regulatory documentation

The main document regulating the installation of gas equipment in a private home is SNiP 42.01-2002 “Gas distribution systems”. It contains the most important rules and regulations.

In addition, it would be a good idea to familiarize yourself with the requirements and recommendations regarding heating and ventilation systems ( SNiP 41.01-2003), the procedure for ensuring gas supply ( SNiP 2 04.08-87). Useful information can be gleaned from SNiP 01/31/2003 on the procedure for installing gas equipment in residential buildings.

Installation approval

In order to legally To begin installing a gas boiler, it is necessary to prepare and approve certain documents. First of all, it should be clarified in general possibility of gas sampling the required volume . For this purpose, an agreement (contract) is concluded for the supply of natural gas. to an individual(individual developer).

The most important documents for connection are Specifications . They are issued by the relevant territorial gas service. To obtain a document, you must submit an application to such an organization, indicating the purpose of additional gas supply and the planned volume of gas consumption. Registration of technical specifications is carried out within 8-12 days.

Important! The issued document clearly states the installation installation features; from the moment of issuance, it is considered an official permit to begin work.

Project development

The technical specifications only fix the conditions for installing a gas boiler, but to begin installation of the equipment it is necessary to go through the following stage - development and approval of project documentation.

In essence, a “Gas Supply” project is needed, which clearly defines the installation scheme of the boiler itself and the supply of gas to the point of its selection from the central pipeline.

It is developed by specialized organizations that have the appropriate license. The document must be approved by government organization, which is entrusted with supervisory powers (usually Raigaz or Oblgaz).

The following documents are attached to the project for approval:

Technical passport for the equipment.
Gas boiler operating instructions.
Sanitary certificate and certificate of technical conformity.
Expert opinion on equipment compliance with technical requirements.

All specified documents must be provided by the equipment manufacturer. Depending on the complexity of the installation, project approval can last from 6-7 days to 2-3 months. If approval is refused, a reason must be provided indicating the necessary changes to the project. The final approved version of the project is certified by a seal.

Installation Rules

The heating boiler must be installed in a separate room, which is subject to increased requirements:

Gas equipment is installed in a specially designated room. In a private house, if all standards are taken into account, a boiler room can be installed on any floor and in the basement. It is not allowed to install a gas boiler in the living room, bathroom, bathroom and kitchen.
The minimum permissible area of the room is set based on the power of the boiler. The permissible minimum is 4 m².
The ceiling in the room must be raised to a height of more than 2.6 m.
Mandatory element in the room - opening window. The established norm is 3 cm² of window area for every 1 m² total area boiler room
The entrance door to the room should be wider than 80 cm. At the top, between the doorway and the door leaf, a gap of more than 24 mm is left for natural ventilation.
It is not allowed to use flammable materials in finishing the premises. facing materials. False ceilings or false floors should not be constructed.
The room must have sufficient lighting and airflow fresh air.
It is necessary to exclude the accumulation of moisture in the boiler room. Humidification of the environment makes it difficult to remove gas vapors.
It is not allowed to operate a gas boiler without a water supply.

It must be taken into account that the requirements for the boiler room premises are mandatory. Taking into account the fact that violation of standards is fraught with danger, improper installation is punishable by fines and a ban on the operation of equipment.

Requirements for individual premises

A boiler room in a separate building is organized with a boiler power of over 150 kW or at the request of the owner with any equipment. This option increases safety, completely eliminates the penetration of gas into the house, but requires the installation of a heating main with reliable thermal insulation.

When constructing a separate structure, non-combustible building materials are used. Preference is given to block and brickwork. For external cladding, metal multilayer “sandwiches” can be used. Floor covering is in progress reinforced concrete slabs. When arranging the roof, the emphasis is on metallic profile and non-combustible roofing materials.

A separate room must fully satisfy the above requirements. For boiler power over 100 kW, the minimum room area is set to 15 m². More powerful installations require adjustment of this indicator - 0.2 m² additionally for every 1 kW.

If the boiler has a mass of over 210 kg, then a foundation must be erected, which is independent of the foundation of the building itself. It rises above the floor level to a height of 12-15 cm.

Extension equipment

Special extension to residential building most often used for boilers with a power of 50-100 kW or in the absence of the necessary room for low-power equipment inside the house. This option is quite popular. In this case, it is important to provide fireproof protection wooden wall in the area where the extension is in contact with it. Fire resistance must be provided at least 0.7 hours.

The extension premises must comply with all established standards. Increased requirements for front door. It must be metal, open outward and be secured in such a way that it can easily fly out from the blast wave. Natural ventilation is an important requirement.

For air flow, the presence of holes and gaps is assumed, and their area is normalized by the following condition - 8 cm² for every 1 kW of boiler power.

Requirements for equipment and its elements

Gas supply to the boiler room is allowed only after inspection of the correct installation by a competent representative of the district or regional gas service. Before putting it into operation, the system must be pressure tested at a pressure of up to 1.9 atm.

Important! There should be no air remaining in the system, and all components should be checked for leaks.

The following general requirements for equipment and its parts must be met:

ensuring free access to equipment from all sides;
gas pipes can be made exclusively of metal;
a prerequisite is the presence of a gas consumption meter;
the equipment must be reliably grounded according to the standards established for electrical installations;
to avoid emergency situations, it is necessary to install gas analyzer, indicating the presence of a gas leak and automatic valve to shut off the gas supply in case of depressurization.

The operation of a gas boiler is quite dependent on electricity. To eliminate problems, it is advisable to install a voltage stabilizer, as well as uninterruptible power supplies.

Ventilation and chimney installation

The most important element of boiler room arrangement is reliable ventilation system. It is intended to exclude:

accumulation carbon monoxide and gas accumulation in the presence of small leaks;
elimination of soot settling on the surface of walls and ceilings;
security comfortable conditions for service personnel.

Ventilation is provided by a combination of natural and forced methods.

Natural ventilation requires the presence of opening windows (in accordance with the specified standards), cracks in doorway and special ventilation holes in the wall. They usually have a diameter of 12-16 cm, and their number depends on the area of the room and the power of the equipment.

The influx of fresh air occurs through the lugs at the bottom of the wall, and the outflow occurs under the ceiling on the opposite side of the wall or through the roof. The openings should be covered with a protective grill.

Forced ventilation increases the safety of equipment operation. When using powerful boilers natural ventilation can’t handle it, so exhaust fans are installed. Exhaust and ventilation pipes are installed for drainage.

A chimney (more correctly, a gas outlet) is a mandatory element for a boiler room. The following requirements are imposed on its arrangement:

the boiler room chimney is a separate structure, not connected to other smoke exhaust systems in the house;
the horizontal section of the outlet cannot exceed 2.8 m;
number of knees (curvatures) – no more than 3;
the diameter of the outlet cannot be less than the connecting pipe;
the outer section of the chimney is installed above the roof and must rise above the ridge to a height of at least 60-70 cm.

The diameter of the chimney depends on the boiler power and must take into account the established ratio. So, with a power of less than 35 kW, the diameter is at least 13 cm, and with a power of 35-45 kW - 14 cm.

The need for utilities

In addition to the agreed connection to the gas main, the operation of gas boilers is impossible without a water supply and electrical network. Water supply in a significant volume, because water is the main coolant in the heating system. Such an additional point also requires approval from the relevant organizations and the installation of water flow monitoring devices.

Almost all types of gas boilers cannot operate without electricity. When connecting the electrical network, the total need for electricity is taken into account - for the boiler (according to the passport) and room lighting.

note

The line must be diverted from an individual switchboard equipped circuit breaker, protection system and counter.

Installation of a floor-standing boiler

Gas boiler installation floor type is done in the following order:

Forming a reliable foundation. For powerful boilers, a monolithic one is required, and for low-power equipment, a metal sheet is required.
Installing the boiler after checking the level of the base using .
Connecting the boiler to the chimney and checking the presence of the necessary draft.
Connecting heating system pipes. Installation of the water purification and hardness filter, as well as shut-off elements in accordance with the instructions. Ball valves are usually installed.
Supply and connection of water supply in the presence of a second circuit.

When installing equipment, it should be remembered that insertion into the gas main can only be carried out by a specialist with a special permit.

Conditions for placing a wall-mounted boiler

Another common type of equipment is wall-mounted gas boilers. Their installation is ensured in the following sequence:

The equipment is mounted on a load-bearing, high-strength wall or partition that meets fire resistance requirements.
The boiler body should be 45-55 mm from the wall surface and 50-60 cm from the adjacent wall. There should be a distance of at least 75 cm to the ceiling. The boiler is mounted strictly parallel to the floor surface.
Installation of a water filter and shut-off elements. Connection to the heating system.
Installation of a chimney, if provided for in the instructions.
Connection to the gas pipeline.
Electrical network connection.

When installing both types of boilers, it must be taken into account that it can only be carried out at room temperatures within the range of 6-34 degrees. After installation, the unit is slowly filled with water so that all air is displaced.

Equipment Maintenance

The operation of gas equipment must be carried out strictly in accordance with the instructions. You should always remember that any violations and gas leaks can lead to tragic consequences. Worn out and damaged equipment must not be used.

Boiler maintenance must be ensured at least 2 times a year. Before the onset of cold weather, it is carried out without fail and according to full program. The tightness of all connections, the condition of the chimney and ventilation system are checked. The filters and burner are thoroughly cleaned. If necessary, worn parts and sealing gaskets are replaced.

Gas boilers are increasingly used to provide heating and hot water supply to private homes. They are easy to use and safety is guaranteed. correct installation and operation.

Installation of equipment must be ensured in full accordance with established standards. It is important to remember that uncoordinated connection of such boilers is a serious offense and is fraught with administrative punishment.

About Autonomous gas heating If he doesn’t dream of using hot water supply, then every householder has probably seriously thought about it, both in a city apartment and in a private house. Only today it can reliably provide comfortable temperature in the house is cheaper than the central one. However, installing a gas boiler with your own hands is a complex, responsible matter that requires a permit. Actually, taking it on yourself makes complete sense only if you have sufficient funds to purchase double-circuit boiler with boiler and complete set automation, and your home according to the specifications is suitable for installing a boiler.

The second case when you need a gas boiler is if you are not rich, but hot water there is no such thing in the house at all and is not expected. In this case, you need a simple budget single-circuit instantaneous hot water boiler that allows you to wash dishes and take a shower. A gas boiler is more expensive than an electric boiler, but taking into account the cost of installing a gas meter, at current rates it will pay for itself in a year and a half over the winter, depending on where you live. If, again, you can install it in your apartment, and you are not afraid of going through the authorities.

Two big differences

The boilers mentioned above are the extremes of a huge variety of models of gas water heating devices. They are the ones available for self-installation. Any other gas heating boiler requires professional work for installation. However, every cloud has a silver lining - specialized companies also take on the preparation of the premises and the preparation of documents. But why can you install only the “tips of scissors” yourself?

Simple water heater

The simplest boiler is really very simple: gas-burner, heat exchanger - that's all. It is enough to connect water and gas to it, vent the exhaust into the chimney - and you can use it. If the papers have already been completed; otherwise - an inevitable large fine.

Home boiler room

A double-circuit boiler with a boiler and full automation is so “smart” that installing it is as easy as the simplest one. Automation is important not only for simplicity: a complete system with a double thermostat and a microprocessor monitors the temperature in the house and outside, according to a given program, reduces heating to a minimum sanitary standard when no one is at home (for example, when everyone is at work). The gas consumption of such a boiler is 30-70% less than with manual or semi-automatic adjustment, and the savings are greater the more severe the weather.

But such a home boiler room has a serious drawback: if you find yourself in a zone natural disaster and the power supply is disrupted, the automation “stalls”, and the boiler goes into the mode of minimal heating of the room. Therefore, such a boiler requires additional expense on guaranteed power supply. It is not difficult to provide it yourself, see below.

Where you can and where you can’t install a gas boiler

The rules for installing a gas boiler provide the following requirements for installing a HEATING boiler, regardless of whether it also provides DHW or not:

The boiler must be installed in a separate room - a furnace (boiler room) with an area of at least 4 square meters. m., with a ceiling height of at least 2.5 m. The rules also state that the volume of the room must be at least 8 cubic meters. Based on this, you can find indications that a ceiling of 2 m is acceptable. This is incorrect. 8 cubic meters is the minimum free volume.
The furnace room must have an opening window, and the width of the door (not the doorway) must be at least 0.8 m.
Finishing the furnace with flammable materials and the presence of a false ceiling or false floor are unacceptable.
The combustion chamber must be provided with an air flow through a through, non-closed vent with a cross-section of at least 8 sq.cm. per 1 kW of boiler power.

Note: 8 cubic meters free - with a boiler power of up to 30 kW. For power from 31 to 60 kW – 13.5 cubic meters; for power from 61 to 200 kW 15 cubic meters. For boilers with a closed combustion chamber, the volume of the combustion chamber is not standardized, but the dimensions must still be observed.

For any boilers, including wall-mounted hot water boilers, the following general standards must also be met:

The boiler exhaust must exit into a separate flue (often incorrectly called a chimney); use for this ventilation ducts unacceptable - life-threatening combustion products may reach neighbors or other rooms.
The length of the horizontal part of the flue should not exceed 3 m within the combustion chamber and have no more than 3 rotation angles.
The flue outlet must be vertical and raised above the ridge of the roof or the highest point of the gable on flat roof not less than 1 m.
Since combustion products form chemically aggressive substances when cooling, the chimney must be made of heat- and chemically resistant solid materials. Use of layered materials, e.g. asbestos-cement pipes, permissible at a distance of at least 5 m from the edge of the boiler exhaust pipe.

When installing a wall-mounted hot water gas boiler in the kitchen, additional conditions must be met:

The height of the boiler suspension along the edge of the lowest pipe is not lower than the top of the sink spout, but not less than 800 mm from the floor.
The space under the boiler must be free.
A durable fireproof metal sheet 1x1 m should be laid on the floor under the boiler. Gas workers and firefighters do not recognize the strength of asbestos cement - it wears out, and the SES prohibits having anything containing asbestos in the house.
There should be no cavities in the room in which combustion products or an explosive gas mixture can accumulate.

If the boiler is used for heating, then the gas workers (who, by the way, are not very friendly with the heating network - it always owes them for gas) will also check the condition of the heating system in the apartment/house:

The slope of horizontal sections of pipes must be positive, but not more than 5 mm per linear meter by water flow.
At the highest point of the system should be installed expansion tank and an air valve. It is useless to convince you that you will buy a “cool” boiler that has everything provided for: rules are rules.
The condition of the heating system must allow it to be pressurized under a pressure of 1.8 atm.

The requirements, as we see, are strict, but justified - gas is gas. Therefore, it is better not to think about a gas boiler, even a water heating one, if:

Do you live in a block Khrushchev or another apartment building without a main gas duct.
If you have a false ceiling in your kitchen that you don’t want to remove, or a permanent mezzanine. On a mezzanine with a bottom made of wood or fiberboard, which in principle can be removed, and then there will be no mezzanine, gas workers turn a blind eye.
If your apartment is not privatized, you can only rely on a hot water boiler: allocating a room for a furnace means redevelopment, which only the owner can do.

In all other cases, it is possible to install a hot water boiler in an apartment; wall heating is possible, but floor heating is very problematic.

In a private house, you can install any boiler: the rules do not require that the furnace be located directly in the house. If you make an extension to the house from the outside to serve as a furnace room, then the authorities will only have less reason to find fault. You can install a high-power floor-standing gas boiler in it to heat not only the mansion, but also the office premises.

For private middle class housing optimal solution– wall-mounted boiler; it does not require, as for a floor one, to install a brick or concrete tray with sides of half a meter. Installing a wall-mounted gas boiler in a private house also avoids technical and organizational difficulties: a fireproof closet under the furnace can always be fenced off, at least in the attic.

Power supply

The automation of heating boilers consumes little electricity, but according to the rules, the boiler still requires a separate wiring branch with a 20 A automatic circuit breaker, just like a boiler. For backup power supply, any computer UPS is well suited. A kilowatt will “keep” the automation for half a day or a day. This is quite enough to take the necessary measures in case of an emergency.

About the gas duct

The cross-sectional area of the house flue for it depends on the required boiler power (see below). At any power, the diameter of the flue must be at least 110 mm and not less than the diameter of the exhaust pipe. The dependence of the flue diameter on the boiler power is as follows:

up to 24 kW – 120 mm.
30 kW – 130 mm.
40 kW – 170 mm.
60 kW – 190 mm
80 kW – 220 mm.
100 kW – 230 mm.

Boiler selection

Power

It is obvious that the boiler power must be sufficient. But it should not be excessive, especially if the heat exchanger is cast iron. Drops of condensate from the flue cause hot cast iron to crack. There is another dangerous effect: Exhaust gas dew point temperature is approximately 56 degrees Celsius. If the water temperature in the heating return is lower, acidic condensate may form in the combustion chamber. What does this have to do with excess power? A boiler that is too powerful will quickly warm up the system and go into standby mode until it cools down. The thermal inertia of a powerful heat exchanger is high, and while it warms up again, acid dew may form.

With correctly selected boiler power, the temperature in the combustion chamber will be 80-90 degrees. The permissible difference in power is quite large, but if you install a 60 kW boiler in a medium-sized private house, then acid rain from the inside will quickly damage it.

The required boiler power for a specific room is determined thermotechnical calculation. It’s easier for residents of high-rise buildings: the data is available in the DEZ, the technical inventory bureau or the owner. In any case, you can use approximate data by calculating an intermediate value for yourself. Values maximum power are given for cases of minimum outside temperature of –25/-40 degrees:

One-room apartment on the middle floors – 8/14 kW.
Corner apartment 60 sq.m. the total area on the top floor of the Khrushchev block is 20/28 kW.
Private house 100 sq.m. common – 24/38 kW.

Boiler

The purpose of the boiler is to accumulate hot water for domestic needs. If you look at the instructions for the boiler, the power will be indicated there as a fraction, for example - 10/22 kW. The first number is the heating power for average conditions; it determines gas consumption by 80%. The second power, maximum, is for quickly heating domestic water.

If the boiler is emptied, the boiler temporarily stops heating the heating (it does not have time to cool down) and heats at maximum domestic water. Gas consumption is, of course, maximum. If you take a little water from the boiler, then it will be heated in operating mode, without force majeure. Based on this, the capabilities of the boiler can be judged by its capacity:

2-10 l – wash hands and wash dishes.
30-50 l – take at a quick fix shower.
100 l – wash thoroughly in the shower.
150 liters or more - you can take a bath and connect a washing machine to the hot water supply.

Note: If you already have one, it is advisable to leave it by turning off its machine. It will make a good hot water accumulator, and if you have problems with a gas boiler, you can turn it on.

Video: expert opinion on choosing gas boilers

Documents for the boiler

Let's say you have equipped the furnace room in compliance with all requirements. Are we buying a boiler? It is too early. First of all, check if the previous gas papers have been lost, and bring them out into the light of day:

Gas supply contract if the boiler is a heating boiler. Subconsumers can only install hot water boilers.
All documents for the gas meter. Any boiler cannot be installed without a meter. If it doesn’t exist yet, there’s nothing you can do, you need to install it and arrange it, but that’s a different topic.

Now you can buy a boiler. But, having bought it, it’s too early to install:

The BTI needs to make changes to the registration certificate of the house. For privatized apartments - through the organization operating the house. In the new plan, a closet under the boiler should be shown, and clearly marked: “Furnace room” or “Boiler room”.
Submit an application to the gas service for the project and specifications. The required documents also include a technical passport for the boiler, so it must already be purchased.
Install the boiler (see next section), except gas system. This can be done while the gas workers are preparing the project, if the premises are approved.
Call a specialist to do it gas pipework.
Submit an application to gas workers for commissioning.
Wait for the gas service engineer to arrive, he will check everything, draw up a conclusion on suitability and give permission to open the gas shut-off valve to the boiler.

Note: Gas workers are not supposed to give permission to private individuals to work on gas equipment. Therefore, to connect gas to the boiler, you will have to call a specialist or then “resolve the issue” with an inspector during commissioning. As a rule, the former is cheaper.

Boiler installation

It is unacceptable for the boiler body to be adjacent to any of the walls, so redo the fastenings of wall-mounted boilers, recess the boiler into a niche, etc. it is forbidden. After installing the boiler in place, its piping is done - connecting three systems: gas, hydraulic and electric. The gas connection should be done, as indicated, by a gas specialist, and last of all, when everything else is already connected.

You can do the electrical and hydraulic connections yourself. The main guiding document here is the instructions for the boiler. Typical scheme The boiler hydraulic system is shown in the figure. For any boiler, the following conditions must be strictly met:

Water and hot gases in the boiler heat exchanger must flow countercurrently, otherwise it can simply explode with any automation. Therefore, it is extremely important not to confuse, either through negligence or for the sake of ease of installation, cold and hot pipes. After hydropiping, carefully inspect the entire system again, then rest for an hour and inspect it again.
If antifreeze has been poured into the heating system, drain it completely and flush the system twice clean water. An admixture of antifreeze in the water entering the heat exchanger is also explosive.
Do not neglect the “mud collectors” - coarse water filters. They should be located at the lowest points of the system. The accumulation of dirt between the thin fins of the heat exchanger also creates a dangerous situation, not to mention excessive gas consumption. At the beginning and at the end heating season drain the sediment through the mud traps, check their condition and, if necessary, flush the system.
If the boiler has a built-in expansion tank and a deaeration system, remove the old expansion tank and turn off the old air valve tightly, having first checked its condition: air leakage will also create a dangerous situation.

Video: example of installing a wall-mounted gas boiler

Bottom line

Installation of a gas boiler is technically and organizationally complicated. You can independently install only the simplest hot water boilers or expensive, fully automated home boiler rooms. But connecting the boiler to the gas supply system (gas pipework) must still be carried out by a gas service specialist or a certified installation organization. Otherwise, it is prohibited by the rules for the installation and operation of household gas appliances.