How to make a wooden fence for a private house with your own hands. Cheap DIY fence How to assemble wooden fence sections
Features of installing a wooden fence for a summer house with your own hands
A strong fence around your home is an important necessity. A high fence not only protects property, but creates a feeling of psychological comfort.
Wooden fences have always been considered ideal option fencing. They are made from pure environmental materials and quite simple to use self-construction. Properly constructed and maintained wooden fences can last up to four decades.
What types of wooden fences are there?
All products of this type can be divided into two large groups:
If we consider wooden fences by design, the following options can be distinguished:
What kind of wood to make a fence from?
Experts advise using conifers trees. It may larch or spruce, cedar, pine. It should be borne in mind that pine is not very durable. In principle, any type of wood is suitable for a wooden fence, the main thing is that it is of high quality. If you want to save money, then you can safely take spruce or pine. Before use, the wood must be thoroughly treated with an antiseptic containing olive oil.
Preparing tools for installation
We will need:
Step-by-step construction of a wooden fence with your own hands
Stage No. 1
Take wooden pegs about 60 cm in length. Each one needs to be sharpened. Then a site plan is taken and pegs are driven in around the entire perimeter of the territory.
The distance between them should be around two meters from each other.
Then the pegs must be looped with lacing. It needs to be stretched well.
Stage No. 2
It is necessary to determine the required height of the fence. It is important that it is not too high (because it may obscure the plantings) or too low (so as not to expose the area to view). Optimal the average height is considered to be 1.5-2.5 meters.
The boards are cut to the designated length. They will need to be processed grinding machine and make a semicircular or triangular profile. If you need to save time, you can buy ready-made boards.
Stage No. 3
There comes a moment when the pegs are removed one by one, and in their place a well is drilled to a depth of about 50-80 cm under supports for the future fence. To make the work go faster, it is better to do this using a drill. If there is no access to a drill, then the holes can be made with an ordinary shovel.
Stage No. 4
Pre-prepared supports can now be dug into the ground. The beams can have a cross section of 50*50 mm or 75*75 mm. The bars must be installed strictly vertically; for greater accuracy, it is recommended to use a plumb line. The wells are filled with earth and compacted tightly. To consolidate the results of the work and make the fence durable, supports need to be cemented.
Stage No. 5
A nail is driven into the top of each beam, and they are tied together around the perimeter with tightly stretched lacing. This must be done in order to correctly align the fence height.
Stage No. 6
The veins (section 10*2.5 cm) are attached to the beams with nails. They must be placed at the same distance from each other. This is done at a height of about 20-30 cm above the soil level. The nails must be the right size to penetrate the veins and protrude reverse side by a few centimeters. The protruding parts of the nails must be carefully bent.
Stage No. 7
The boards prepared for the fence are nailed onto the nails. If you want to make a solid fence, then the boards are nailed end to end. You can also leave a small distance between them from one to five centimeters.
Painting and processing of a wooden fence
The installation stages of the wooden fence have been completed, but there is still a lot of work ahead. It is necessary to protect the wooden fence from bad weather and insects. For this purpose, special measures are being taken, in particular - processing and painting.
As protective material Experts recommend using regular drying oil. This product is common and affordable. If finances allow, then hardware stores offer many options for stronger and more expensive wood protection.
After the applied protective layer has dried, you can begin painting.
For this purpose, special paints for wood are selected, which are presented in a wide range on modern construction markets. This combination: drying oil and special paint will protect the fence from the sun and moisture.
It is important! Painting a wooden fence should be repeated once every two, maximum three years.
Wooden fencing has many advantages - it is an environmentally friendly material and beautiful appearance, reliable protection and long service life. In order for the tree to fully reveal these qualities, you need to properly install the fence and necessarily protect the wood with drying oil and paint.
How to extend the life of a wooden fence
For additional protection from rain and snow, many professionals recommend installing a special canopy on the top of the fence. To do this, you will need to install special additional strips onto which the visor can be attached.
Installing such a canopy is a painstaking and time-consuming task, but the product can protect the tree from moisture as much as possible, and the appearance of the fence will become more original and individual.
To protect the bottom of the fence, you must constantly:
- Remove excess grass. A lot of vegetation near the fence leads to high humidity. This can cause early rotting of the tree.
- After removing excess grass, a thin layer of gravel is poured along the fence. This will prevent excess moisture from accumulating in this place.
How extend the life of wooden fencing still at the construction stage:
- Make sure there are no anthills or large thickets in the installation site.
- Impregnate the wood with special antiseptics before construction begins.
- Upon completion of installation, coat the entire structure with primer. This will strengthen the fence and provide excellent protection from adverse weather conditions. Primer can only be done in warm weather, when the wood is completely dry.
- Additional primer is done using paint that contains: natural oils. This doubles the strength of the material. Layer oil paint should dry for about 24 hours before applying a second one. Then the material will be well saturated.
When the materials are prepared, there are tools, as well as free time, building a wooden fence with your own hands is a task that even a beginner in construction can do. But it is important not only to install the fence correctly, but also to provide it with constant care and protection. Then the wooden fence will last up to forty-five years.
Step-by-step video instructions for building a wooden fence
On video - self-construction wooden fence:
Photo gallery of various wooden fences
The photo shows examples of the implementation of various decorative and unusual wooden fences installed on a summer cottage. Some of the ideas can help you make your own decisions.
Wooden fences have undeservedly faded into the background. And completely in vain! Of course, in terms of stability and reliability, fencing made of boards is significantly inferior to its brick and concrete counterparts, but a minimum of time, effort and money is spent on erecting a wooden fence.
At the same time, you can handle all the necessary activities yourself. By showing a little imagination and doing everything according to the instructions, you will create a truly original and interesting design.
What to build a fence from?
Before starting construction, we pay due attention to the choice of source material. For the construction of the fence we use only high-quality dense wood. The wood of oak, aspen, ash, Siberian larch, alder, and mulberry is perfect.
Among all the listed options, the most interesting is Siberian larch. A fence built from it will last as long as possible. If one of the main enemies of most wood species is moisture, then larch only becomes stronger from contact with water.
We limit the use of pine only to the construction of a fence panel; in the event of breakage or wear of the fence, such material can be replaced without special financial costs and effort.
Picket fence - pine Important! And under no circumstances do we use birch to build a fence - it is extremely unstable and short-lived.
It is also important to choose quality material for the manufacture of supports. Wooden pillars will be best combined with wooden spans. You can either dig them into the ground or attach them to special metal stands (consoles) concreted in pre-created recesses.
Important! To extend the service life of wood, it must be pre-impregnated. It will reduce the intensity of the harmful effects of moisture, air, fungus and other harmful microorganisms on the building material.
To consolidate the effect, it is recommended to treat the wood with a special dye, for example, Swedish paint. It will give the material a very beautiful shade. If desired, a different color dye can be applied over the dried Swedish paint.
To prepare Swedish paint we will need:
- copper sulfate – 250 g;
- salt – 250 g;
- red lead - 250 g;
- drying oil – 230 ml;
- flour – 570 g;
- water - about 4.5 liters.
Following the given proportions, you can prepare any required amount dye.
The paint is quite economical. About 200-250 ml of dye is spent to cover 1 m2 of surface. The given recipe allows you to prepare golden-colored paint. If you want to get a different shade, replace red lead with manganese peroxide, ocher, or another component of your choice.
Swedish paint is prepared in the following order:
- the paste is cooked. To prepare it, stir the flour in 3 liters of water;
- the finished paste is passed through a sieve - this allows you to remove lumps from the mixture;
- the strained paste is put back on the fire. Salt and copper sulfate are added to the mixture. Constantly stir the mixture until the vitriol is completely dissolved;
- While continuing to stir the paste, add drying oil to it, and then pour in a certain amount of water (usually about 1.5 liters) until a homogeneous liquid composition is obtained.
Apply the finished paint to the wood in a double layer.
Table. How to paint a wooden fence
| Paints | Binder | Life time |
|---|---|---|
| Acrylic | Polyacrylate | 6-20 years |
| Water-dispersed | Organic solvents | >20 years |
| Oily | Drying oil | 2-3 years |
| Silicate | Liquid incandescent glass | 20 years |
| Silicone | Silicone resins | 20 years |
| Enamel | Alkyd resin | 10 years |
For example, you can assemble a fence using the wattle fence principle. The boards are attached in a curved state. Trying to straighten out, they will fit quite tightly to the support pillars.
Another great option– filling the space between supports wood siding. We fasten the sheathing boards starting from the bottom, maintaining a 25 mm overlap.
Fences made in the form of blinds look no less original. By laying the boards with a downward slope towards the street, you will create an invisible fence that is resistant to wind loads.
The boards can also be nailed at the ends. To perform the highest quality cladding, we first make markings on each rack.
In case of installation metal poles they can be hidden by covering the posts on both sides. Above metal supports close with wooden plugs.
If desired, you can make the fence more original on wooden ones. support posts. We make inclined cuts-grooves in the supports, and then insert the ends of the lamellas into them. Additionally, we fasten each strip with self-tapping screws. To hide the fastening points, we cover the screws with wooden covers. Upper part We cap the supports with plugs.
To make the fence look more original and modern, we can fill the boards with a small gap (up to 15 mm). At the same time, the narrower the boards are (of course, within reasonable limits), the more interesting the fence design will be.
You can also use boards different widths. When choosing this cladding method, be sure to ensure that the pattern on adjacent sections matches.
There are a lot of wooden design options. Choose the one you like and start building the fence. You already have all the knowledge necessary for this.
Prices for various types of construction boards
Construction boards
Good luck!
Video – DIY wooden fence
DIY decorative fence. Photo
They have always been famous for their popularity. In many ways, this has become causally related to inexpensive prices and ease of installation. But today the situation has changed a little, and now they create not just fences from wood, but real masterpieces.
Let's look at everything in detail.
Making a wooden fence on your own. Step-by-step procedure
The construction of a wooden fence can be divided into several stages, namely:
- Installation of support pillars;
- Installation of crossbars;
- Covering the installed frame.
Each stage in construction must be completed in full.
Installation of support pillars
Installation of support pillars is carried out using the backfill method. The algorithm of actions is as follows:
It is important to know! Sand and crushed stone will fit more densely if the mixture is wetted with water.
Installation of cross beams
Transverse joists, which are made of wood, are best installed using brackets.
The installation algorithm is as follows:
Please note that the distance between transverse joists may be shortened. However, in this case, the structure may reduce its strength. The support itself must be at least 10 centimeters higher than the casing, and the bottom must be at a distance from the ground no more than 15 centimeters.
Covering the installed frame
Before you start installing the mounting boards themselves, you need to remember that there are several methods.
In one of the methods, the picket fence is installed on the logs before the latter are mounted into the supports, namely:
If we talk about the second installation method, it involves the direct installation of each board separately. In this case, you need to prepare for a long and labor-intensive process. After each installed board, it is necessary to measure the distance between them (if you need clearance between the boards) and check for a clear vertical line. 
It is worth noting that any of the methods is popular among owners of private and country houses, so it is impossible to say which one is better. Everyone chooses an option for themselves depending on the choice of wooden fence design. 
How can you treat and paint a wooden fence?
It is necessary to understand that an installed wooden fence takes on a variable climate in all seasons. For this reason, it is mandatory.
Important to remember! Before installation, all metal components of the fence must be primed and painted.
We should not forget that ultraviolet solar radiation is harmful to a wooden fence for the reason that as a result of their exposure, the wood loses internal moisture, thereby losing its bearing capacity and the appearance itself.
This impregnation must be applied several times to the primer with the possibility of deep penetration. After this, you can use moisture-resistant paint and varnish to give the wooden fence an attractive look.
The price of pleasure
If we talk about the cost of the necessary building materials, the average price is indicated in the table:
| Name of building material | Volume | Cost price |
| Board | 1 m 3 | About 3 thousand rubles |
| Cement | 1 kg | About 10 rubles |
| Antiseptic | 10 l. | About 2 thousand rubles |
| self-tapping screws | 500 pcs. | 300 – 400 rubles |
| dye | 3 l. | About 400 rubles |
| Metallic profile | 1 meter | About 130 rubles |
| Grinding wheel | 1 PC. | About 50 rubles |
| Edged board | 1 m 3 | About 4 thousand rubles |
Design options
To date, there is no material other than wood that is equally flexible for the implementation of various design solutions (at the same time, wood is very affordable in terms of price). 
And this is how this fence has internal view. No one will say that the view has become worse. 
In this version of the design solution, attention was paid to every detail. You can see how the contours themselves are worked out, and the corners are smoothed to the fullest extent. You can see in the photo sliding gates from the same yard. 
Agree, few of us know what techniques this or that designer uses to realize his fantasies. But they use: firing, create the effect of antiquity, successfully combine wood with various forged metal elements, and even simply sand the wood and paint it in various shades. 
What do you think about brutal style? Agree, the view is simply impressive. 
To implement such a design solution, you only need a jigsaw, Sander and woodworking skills. If you have the tools and desire, you can achieve the effect of shabby wood.
How do you feel about puzzles? If you wish, you can initially draw a picture on the board, and then cut it out according to the template. It is worth paying attention to the fact that this work It is considered jewelry, since each board has its own distinct size and curve. 
At the same time, the most complex process When erecting such a wooden fence, its installation is considered (not everyone is capable of making such an arrangement). 
For construction, first of all, you need to carefully select the board. Under no circumstances should it be allowed to have any place on the board. different thickness or width. In this version distinctive feature is his affordable price, but this is compensated with great difficulty, which is necessary to create such a creation. 
Despite the fact that a board up to 1.5 centimeters thick is not very suitable for fences, it can be used to create an excellent lattice-type fence. Agree, the view is no worse than the previous options. And if you decorate it with greenery that will entwine it, the view will be gorgeous. 
Over the past few years, unedged boards have increased in price by more than 15-20%, but this does not prevent it from remaining in the low price range. Moreover, it is often used when constructing a wooden fence in this style. 
As you can see, this example clearly shows one of the design solutions when working with not edged board. If desired, you can achieve any exclusive solution.
What do you think of the design solution in the style of blinds? Agree, the view is just bomb. 
A selection of wooden fences
Beautiful wooden fences
With a little woodworking skills you can create beautiful fence in a short time.
This design option is popular among many owners of private houses, since its creation does not take much time and effort. Agree that the view is very attractive.
Standard fencing that is suitable for both private houses and suburban areas. It does not require any special skills or abilities, but at the same time it looks beautiful.
Carved fences
To create carved fences with your own hands, you need to have wood carving skills. 
It can take more than 3 months to create such a fence, since every little thing plays a big role. But it's worth it. This type of fence suits any interior. 
What about this cutting option? Surely many people dream of such a fence, because it can not only emphasize individual style, but also create the illusion of antiquity.
Decorative fences
Decorative fences are often used to create rock gardens or simply in landscape design.
Small wooden fences can highlight the peculiarity of a particular plant and complement the interior of a personal plot.
If desired, you can create any decorative fence of one color or another. This does not require any skills or abilities.
Antique wooden fences
Many people dream of creating a small fairy tale from their plot and completely immersing themselves in the old days. 
This version of the antique effect is perfect for areas where wooden houses. In combination with such a fence, you can create a real fairy tale for yourself.
What if you add a little decor in the form of a thick rope? The view is simply impressive. Surely neighbors will come to the owner of such a fence with admiration.
Wood-look corrugated fences
If for some reason there is no desire to work with wood, you can install a fence made of corrugated sheets. Thus, you can not only increase the service life, but also create the illusion of a wooden fence. 
If desired, you can use corrugated sheets light colors wood effect, which fits perfectly into any interior. The service life of such a fence is over 25 years. 
Another option is to use corrugated sheeting in darker colors, which allows you to create the illusion of varnished wood. Great for wooden houses, or buildings sheathed in plastic to resemble wood.
For a private home
Depending on the wishes of the owner of a private house, the fence itself can be made in any style. 
High fences have always been popular with owners of private houses. Thanks to them, you can hide everything that happens on the site from prying eyes, making the fence beautiful and exclusive. 
Another option is to install a fence with small gaps. This type of fencing is perfect for any private home, regardless of its size and style.
From corrugated sheets to look like wood
As a rule, installation of this type of fence is affordable for any resident of our country. Such fencing is perfect for installation anywhere, regardless of whether it is a dacha or your own private home. 
In this photo you can see that the profiled sheet can combine a combination of decorative stone and wood itself. Looks great and has a long service life. 
Great for those who love minimalism suitable option creating a fence from corrugated sheets to look like wood. This variety belongs to the classic style and is perfect both for performing its direct duty - protecting the site, and as a good decorative element.
Made of brick and wood
When creating a fence, brick and wood combine simply perfectly. Designers often try to combine them when creating interiors both inside and outside the room. 
The fence is made in a classic style using ordinary bricks and boards. Thanks to a successfully selected combination of color palette, such a fence looks not only rich, but also very attractive.
This composition combines the figured elements of a wooden fence with a brick one. Well chosen color palette allows you to use it in any meta.
Made of stone and wood
This combination building materials in most cases it is used in country houses and dachas. 
It will be very difficult to recreate such a fence on your own, and you need not only to be able to handle this material, but also to know the intricacies of mixing a special solution. But you must admit that such fences can surprise even the most picky critic with their beauty. 
Wooden fences combined with decorative stone create the illusion of an ancient fortress. Often used for installation in country dachas or on the territory of private companies.
Wood patterns for fences
Nowadays, in the world of wooden fences, there is a trend towards using additional patterns. They allow you to create something special and unique of its kind from a simple fence. 
As you can see, such a pattern is very difficult to make with your own hands, unless a person has sufficient skills in working with wood carving. 
You can order a composition from wood carving specialists in chinese style as shown in the photo. This option is considered quite common in our country.
Original wooden fences
Surely every owner of his property would like to install an original fence. But what are they? 
Such original design wooden fences are not common in our country. This is largely due to the expensive pleasure (the initial cost can range from 40-50 thousand rubles). 
This design solution allows you to not only make your neighbors look at the fence with envy, but also makes the site very rich and individual.
Horizontal wooden fences
Many of our compatriots, when installing fences, often ask themselves the question: which is better, vertical or horizontal? In fact, the only difference here is taste. 
Speaking about such a vertical fence, we can say with confidence that anyone can make it on their own, while spending a short period of time and money. Classic style Suitable for fencing any area. 
The photo shows that vertical fence, manufactured using a complex design feature. It is very difficult to do this at home, and if you wish, you will have to seek help from specialists. But it's worth it.
Forging with wood in the fence
At all times, they gave the fence power and attractiveness. However, due to its considerable price, it is not very popular. 
The wooden fence using forged metal spokes in the photo makes it original of its kind. Gives the area style and beauty. Moreover, forged elements make the fence structure very rigid, which significantly increases its service life. 
This option of combining wood, brick and, in fact, forged elements, makes the fence practically lifelong. It is not subject to difficult climatic conditions, it is difficult to damage, and most importantly, it is beautiful and stylish.
Picket fences
Most of our citizens make fences from picket fences. You can make a very good fence with this material. Just look at these photos. 
Of course, if you paint this fence and then varnish it, it will turn out quite good, but it’s still quite attractive. What is characteristic is that it can be done in the shortest possible time (the period of its construction is no more than 1 - 2 days). 
If you have a wild imagination and the great desire of the owner of the site, you can create such a magnificent designer fence that will never cease to please the eyes of everyone around.
Fence made of wood ladder
A ladder fence is not uncommon in Everyday life from owners of private houses. Firstly, this variety allows you to save on the board, since small gaps allow you to reduce the volume of material, and secondly, it turns out quite well in the end. 
The photo shows a ladder fence, which is still lined with corrugated sheets on the inside. Thanks to this, from the outside it looks very impressive, while inside the site the fence looks very neat. 
This type of ladder is in most cases installed in private country houses. Small gaps between the boards allow you to see the beautiful green spaces that can be planted behind the fence.
How to make a fence inexpensively
The video below shows how to make a cheap wooden fence.
The content of the article:
A wooden fence is an excellent solution for suburban area. Any owner, relying on his own imagination, can make a completely exclusive fence thanks to the properties of wood and the many options for using it for this purpose. You will learn how to make a wooden fence without resorting to high costs from our article.
Types and features of wooden fences
Depending on the height, fences are divided into three categories: low, up to 0.8 m high; medium - up to 1.5 m; high - more than 1.5 m.
Based on their appearance, wooden fences can be divided into several types:
- Fence. It is a canvas made up of slats nailed to horizontal purlins and secured between support posts. Such a fence is often used for decorative purposes, as well as to fence off a site from the street and neighbors.
- . It consists of treated boards nailed together tightly, overlapping or with gaps to purlins located horizontally between the supports. Among wooden fences, plank fences are considered the most reliable.
- Palisade. This is a fence consisting of a series of logs dug vertically into the ground. The logs can be located close to each other or with gaps. To strengthen such a fence with its inside The logs are connected using nails with transverse planks. Consumption wood material when constructing a log fence garden plot is often unjustified.
- Wattle. For a dacha, such a fence is beautiful and a good decision. It is made of small height, using willow or birch branches to weave the fabric.
Regardless of the type, the design of any wooden fence consists of three main elements: support posts, transverse purlins and material for filling its sections - boards, rods, slabs, etc.
Advantages and disadvantages of a wooden fence
The main advantages of wooden fencing are the low weight of the wood, which makes it easier to transport, and its affordable cost. Simple design such fences allows you to build them yourself.
Wooden fencing blends perfectly with the green landscape of the site, stone house or a log house. If you show a little imagination, you can make your wooden fence absolutely unique.
The disadvantage of erecting wooden fences can be called short term their services. Wood is susceptible to rotting and damage by wood insects. Not in the best possible way it is affected by fire and precipitation.
But it is not difficult to deal with such problems today. There are many different protective compounds such as antiseptics, stains and fire retardants. Lumber or logs treated with them last much longer.
Wooden fence installation technology
Even the most ordinary wooden fences can be made beautiful with correct installation and finishing. Installing a wooden fence consists of three steps: installing the support posts, attaching the transverse purlins and nailing the picket fence. Instead of picket fences and purlins, such fences can use a slab, a palisade made of logs or wickerwork. Let's consider the basic principle of installing a wooden fence.
Preparatory work
They include the choice of fencing design, design, preparation of materials, tools and marking of the fence perimeter on the ground.
You need to start work by determining the type of fence you are planning. The easiest way is to build a picket fence. If such a fence is decorative, it can be assembled from thin strips with a diagonal arrangement. Many owners like a solid fence made of slabs that imitate a palisade.
The top of the fence sections can also be done in different ways. It can be curly, convex or concave. In any case, before starting work you need to clearly understand the appearance and design features planned fencing. Several options for its sections can be drawn on paper and at the same time decide on the need for a plinth underneath them. Such a fence will be combined, that is, consisting of wood and stone, but in appearance no worse than a regular one.
In order to calculate required quantity materials for external fencing, it is necessary to draw a plan to scale land plot. Knowing the dimensions of the sides of its perimeter, it is easy to calculate the length of the future fence. On its corners and entrance group You should plan to install support posts, and every 2 m - intermediate posts, which will provide the fence structure with the required rigidity. Having all this data and determining the height of the fence, you can calculate the amount of material.
After completing the calculations on paper, you need to prepare the tools necessary for the work and begin marking the fence on the ground. The set of tools should include: pegs, nylon cord, tape measure and hydraulic level, shovel, axe, hacksaw, garden auger, hammer and nails. To install fence posts and install waterproofing, in addition to basic materials, you will need roofing felt, bitumen mastic, M400 concrete, crushed stone and river sand.
Marking the fence on the ground should begin with determining the installation points of the corner posts. These places must be marked with pegs driven into the ground. After this, you need to stretch and secure the nylon cord between them, and then mark the locations of the intermediate posts with pegs. Thanks to the cord, they will all be on the same line along the perimeter of the site, and after installation the wooden fence will be smooth.
When the marking is completed, it is necessary to prepare for installation support pillars fence At the request of the owner of the site, they can be made of rolled metal, timber or logs. When choosing the first option, plugs cut from metal sheet. This will prevent moisture from precipitation from getting inside the racks and causing them to oxidize. The underground part of the supports should be covered bitumen mastic, and the rest should be primed and painted with anti-corrosion enamel.
If you choose the option of wooden posts, it is recommended to first sharpen their tops. This will prevent rainwater from penetrating into the rack through its end. The moisture will simply roll down the support without penetrating its body. As for the thickness of the logs or beams for supports, you should choose something in between. Fence supports that are too thick will look ridiculous, and posts that are too thin will not have sufficient strength. Before installation, it is advisable to burn the pillars over a fire, and then their lower part, which will be underground, must be covered with bitumen and wrapped in two layers of roofing material.
In the places marked with pegs, holes should be dug for supports. Their depth is directly related to the height of the planned fence. If the height of the above-ground part of the support is less than a meter, the hole can be made 0.8 m deep. Further, accordingly: for a support up to 1.5 m - 1 m, over 1.5 m - the depth of the hole is 1/2 of the column. The width of the hole should be such that between its edge and installed pole a distance of at least 0.2 m was maintained.
If the posts are metal, it is convenient to make holes for them using a garden drill. If you stick electrical tape on it, you will be able to control the depth of the recesses with high precision while working with this tool.
Installation of wooden fence supports
Before installing the support pillars, the bottom of the prepared holes must be covered with medium-fraction crushed stone. In this case, when the ground freezes in winter, the fence posts will be able to maintain their original position. It is recommended to cover the walls of the dug holes all around with roofing material, constructing a kind of formwork from it.
Installation of fence supports in holes should be done using a plumb line. After installation in a strictly vertical position, the racks must be temporarily secured with stops. If the height of the supports is less than one and a half meters, it is enough to fill the cavity of the holes with broken bricks, crushed stone and compact everything. If the height of the fence is over one and a half meters, the hole with installed supports should be filled with M400 concrete. In order to reduce its consumption, 2/3 of each hole can be filled with stones or broken bricks.
If you plan to install a combined fence with a plinth, the installation of its supports should be done differently. Instead of holes along the marking lines, you need to dig a meter-deep trench. Its bottom must be filled with crushed stone, the walls covered with waterproofing film, and the outside installed wooden formwork, which should form a base and therefore rise 0.5 m above the top of the trench.
After this, support pillars can be installed in the trench and reinforcement cages. The bottom of the supports, which will be in concrete, must be treated with bitumen. Their installation should be carried out using a plumb line and building level. The vertical position of the racks must be fixed with stops made of bars.
When everything is ready, the formwork along with the trench must be filled with M400 concrete. If you prepare the mixture yourself, you will need a concrete mixer, as well as cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1:2:3.
After pouring, you need to wait until the concrete hardens. If the supports were installed in holes, this period will be a little more than a week. Hardening of the base will take almost a month. After the concrete has gained the required strength, you can line the racks with brick or stone.
Fastening purlins and other elements of a wooden fence
These fence parts are bars or slats with a small cross-section that connect the posts and form the frame of the span between them. When erecting a wooden fence, each purlin must be attached to the center of the support, and when installing the next span, the new purlin should be joined to an already fixed beam. Purlins can be nailed on top of a wooden support, or they can be cut into it seat for a more durable fastening.
To make the fence structure strong, the transverse purlins can be nailed, placing them in a checkerboard pattern and excluding their joining on one support. The thickness of the purlin bars should be selected depending on the thickness and weight of the lumber. The more massive it is, the stronger the purlins should be.
Their location should be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the supports. Otherwise, the appearance of the fence may be spoiled. This will be especially noticeable when installing a picket fence with gaps. The installation of purlins should be constantly monitored using a tape measure and a building level.
If a horizontal arrangement of boards is planned in a wooden fence, then the purlins must be connected with vertical guides that will carry the load from the spans. Attach purlins to wooden supports It is recommended to use galvanized self-tapping screws. If nails are used, they should be driven into the wood not vertically, but slightly at an angle.
To install the picket fence in a vertical position, it is recommended to make a template that will facilitate the work of evenly fastening the boards. The template is a strip with a width corresponding to the distance between the picket strips. If you make it T-shaped, you can additionally control the height of the picket fence.
If the picket fence will be located diagonally in a wooden fence, you need to make a frame from planks in accordance with the size of the span. The frame should be secured to supports, and then a picket fence should be nailed to it.
When making wattle fence, the support posts have a small cross-section and are mounted in relation to each other at short distances of 40-60 cm. Before installing such a fence, the vine from which it is to be woven should be soaked in water for a couple of days. After this it will be easier to work with this material. A wattle fence with horizontal or vertical branches of the vine is very beautiful and resembles a traditional village fence.
A picket fence can be fake or real. In the first case, it is a slab nailed to the purlins. Its boards must be placed closely. Much less often the palisade is real. To make it, pointed logs need to be dug into the ground. This type of fence is strong, but requires a lot of logs.
Caring for a wooden fence
Due to the fact that wood can gradually rot from constant exposure to moisture, a wooden fence requires periodic maintenance. It consists of treating boards and supports with antiseptic compounds and painting all wooden parts of the structure with waterproof enamels.
It is recommended to carry out such work every year, preferably in the spring. Before the next painting, old peeling enamel must be removed from the fence with a brush with metal bristles. If it is white, it will have to be painted up to three times a year. Only in this case will such a fence always look fresh.
How to make a wooden fence - watch the video:
Building a wooden fence with your own hands is absolutely not difficult. However, after its completion, such a design requires constant attention. Without it, it will become vulnerable, but with good maintenance it will please everyone for a long time appearance and protection from many misfortunes.
Since ancient times, fences have been built in Rus'. They were mostly wooden. With the advent of new technologies, materials such as metal, reinforced concrete, polycarbonate, corrugated sheeting, brick are increasingly crowding out the aesthetic, but not so durable wooden fence from our lives. Those who give preference to environmentally friendly materials create a design on their site in rustic style or already has wooden house, chooses a wooden fence. In addition, if you study the issue in detail, you will see how diverse wooden fences are. They can be one of the most impressive elements in your garden design.
Types of wooden fences
By wooden fence we often mean an ordinary picket fence, to which we have long been accustomed and which was quite common in Soviet times. Over time, the situation has changed radically and now wooden fences are herringbone, cross-country, chess, and lattice. And the usual one wooden picket fence looks great equipped with brick pillars.
Classic wooden fence
Pipes are installed along the perimeter of the site and concreted into the ground. Between the pillars, veins or purlins are attached, made of timber measuring 50X100 mm or so. Fence boards are nailed perpendicular to the veins either joint to joint or at a short distance from each other.
Wooden fence with ladder or herringbone pattern
Similar to a classic fence, pillars are concreted into the ground. On their internal and outside fastened decorative overlays made of wood. They will become guides for the remaining boards. Boards measuring 25x100mm are laid in the grooves between the overlays - horizontally overlapping. If you use calibrated pads, you can create a ventilated fence. And additional thin vertical metal stakes allow you to create another type of such fence.
The fence columns are covered with wooden decorative covers.
Fence "Cross"
It is possible to combine a wooden fence with reinforced concrete by constructing a “Cross” fence. The same 60X80 mm columns are installed in concrete-filled holes in the ground. The pillars are equipped with grooves into which decorative elements are first installed. reinforced concrete slabs(their approximate size is 300x300x550), and then wooden blocks. Both the columns and the fence sheet are covered with decorative covers to prevent moisture from entering the structure.
Checkerboard fence with clearance
Veins are laid between the pillars. Boards are attached to them in a checkerboard pattern - first on one side, then on the other. If you look from the side, the fence turns out to be not “solid”, but with gaps.
Fence "Lattice"
The base and supporting elements for this type of fence are similar - pillars. Between them, ready-made lattice sections made from slats are installed. The slats can be positioned either parallel or perpendicular to the posts, or diagonally. Such a fence is illuminated, allows the sun to pass through, and does not enclose the space. Its function is more decorative.
Fence "Rancho"
This is a barrier when on heavy wooden poles 2-4 wide boards are attached horizontally with small gaps. If you take well-processed thin boards and a little more of them, you can build beautiful fencing for a wooden house.
Fence "Palisade"
Treated, smooth, not too large in diameter logs are installed vertically to each other.
If you install the pillars and the entire structure on the foundation, this will protect the lower part from interaction with the ground and moisture, and, therefore, will significantly extend the life of the fence. Supports for the fence can be metal pipes concreted into the ground, pillars made of stone or brick, ready-made reinforced concrete pillars or wooden logs.
Materials for building a fence
The cost of a wooden fence depends on its type and what material will be chosen: boards, pickets, beams, logs (for a picket fence). You will also need the following materials: crossbars (wooden or metal), support pillars, reinforcement for formwork, cement, sand, bricks and stones for erecting pillars, nails and screws, fire retardant and antiseptic impregnation For wooden surfaces, bitumen or creazote for treating wooden poles installed in a support or strip foundation.
Tools
To build a fence, stock up on the following tools:
- drill or shovel
- roulette
- stakes
- level
- screwdriver
- hammer
- jigsaw
- brush
- sandpaper
How to make a wooden fence?
Before you make a wooden fence with your own hands, you need to decide on its design and how much of a major construction is planned. For a fence with a foundation, the sequence of actions will be as follows:
- marking;
- foundation construction;
- installation of poles;
- fastening wooden elements;
- processing of wooden surfaces.
Marking
Marking for the future fence is carried out using a tape measure and rope. We determine the location for the placement of the wicket and gate. We install them in pillars in the corners of the site. We tighten the lacing between them so as not to deviate from the given line when determining the locations for the pillars.
Foundation
The most labor-intensive part of building a wooden fence with your own hands is pouring strip foundation. Under a light wooden fence, the foundation is not particularly deepened. To do this, dig a trench (depth up to 1 meter, width - 30-80 cm), deep into which a sand cushion is poured. Next, reinforcement is knitted, formwork is created, pillars are leveled and the foundation is poured. It can be either at zero level or higher - 30-50 cm above ground level. After it hardens (after 2-3 days), further work begins.
Installation of pillars
The more often the posts are placed, the stronger the fence will be. The pillars are installed during the process of pouring concrete into the foundation. The distance between them is about 2 m. The fewer pillars, the more crossbars there should be. If a foundation is not planned, then in the places designated for placing the pillars, dig holes 1-1.5 m deep, pour sand (20 cm) into them and water it abundantly with water. Next, using a level, install the pillars in them and fill the recesses with concrete.
Regular foundation for a fence
Foundation using stones
If the post is made of wood, then its lower edge is treated with bitumen or creosote to protect the wood from moisture and rotting.
If brick racks are planned instead of pillars, then space must be provided for them. After all, they will occupy square areas with a side of 1.5 bricks. To decorate the counter at the very bottom and at the top, the masonry is expanded by a quarter of a brick. During the laying process, cross members are installed in the racks. It is important to use a level to check whether the stand is laid evenly.
Fence installation
Next comes the installation of a wooden fence. Slats and boards are attached either to the crossbars or installed in grooves - depending on the selected type of fence. A simpler option is to install sections. If the pillars are wooden, then grooves are made in them to lay the crossbars; if the pillars are metal, then fasteners (corner) are welded to them, to which the legs will then be attached.
How to extend the life of a fence?
In order for a wooden fence to last a long time, wooden elements you need to cover it with antiseptic solutions and fire retardants, and only then with paint (use oil-based and water-soluble), stain, and varnish. Impregnations are applied even before the fence is installed. Fire-retardant impregnations will prevent fire, and antiseptics will protect the wood from the colonization of microorganisms and subsequent rotting. They extend the life of the fence to 30 years, protect the wood from the sun and dampness, and preserve the natural texture and beautiful appearance.
Galvanized fasteners are suitable. Before driving a nail, it is immersed in drying oil.
In the future, periodically, at least once every 2-3 years, the wooden fence must be treated with protective impregnations.
Original do-it-yourself wooden fences - photo:
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