Insulation of a metal chimney pipe: materials, nuances and methods. Chimney insulation: what and how to insulate a chimney What can be made from an insulating pipe

When building your own home, as a rule, you install a fireplace or stove. That is why the problem of chimney outlet is so urgent. For chimney Correctly and reliably done insulation is important, otherwise it is impossible to be sure about the fire safety and comfortable stay of family members in the house.

If the stove has already been laid out and the smoke exhaust structure rises above the roof of the building, this does not mean that the work on its arrangement has been successfully completed. Before using the heating unit, you still need to decide how to insulate the chimney pipe on the roof and, as a result, protect your home from leaks and fire.

It is advisable to think about this problem before drawing up a furnace design and then the insulation will be more reliable. As for the previously built chimney, then similar work almost always associated with changes made to the design of floors and roofs. Regardless of the decision on how to insulate a chimney on the roof, all costs incurred will be compensated by a sense of security, and hence comfort.

Types of insulation of chimney structures

The furnace pipe should be insulated against negative factors:

• from possible overheating of the chimney structure;
• from leaks that occur at joints.

Therefore, when deciding how to wrap a chimney pipe, increased attention should be paid to fire-proof thermal insulation and waterproofing. Experts recommend performing isolation measures comprehensively. This will help solve not only the above problems, but also improve the operating conditions of the furnace unit.

For example, if a chimney laid through an unheated attic space, the possibility of overheating is reduced roofing elements made of wood and reduces the risk of condensation, which leads to corrosion, increased soot deposition or pipe destruction. The main thing is to use high-quality thermal insulation for chimney pipes, which does not ignite. Waterproofing the smoke exhaust structure will protect the rafter system and ceilings from rotting.

Fire insulation options for smoke exhaust systems

The simplest and most reliable, but expensive method of insulation chimney- This is the installation of a sandwich type chimney made of metal or ceramics.

In such designs inner tube, intended for smoke removal, is made of heat-resistant steel or ceramics, and is used for thermal insulation non-flammable materials- mineral, stone or basalt wool (read also: ""). External part The chimney sandwich is made of steel or expanded clay concrete blocks.

Kits for prefabricated chimneys include elements for fixing the structure, inspection, maintenance and for connecting heating units. Their installation is simple, but you still need to follow the instructions to ensure complete safety.

There is another option used when installing a stove unit - the construction of a brick chimney. Due to the low degree of thermal conductivity of bricks, its walls will not heat up to the maximum high temperatures and as a result, additional measures related to its insulation will not be required (more details: ""). It will only be necessary to correctly carry out the fireproof cutting of the floors and roof.

In order to save money and reduce weight, sometimes a brick chimney structure is completed by installing ceramic or metal pipe. In this case, thermal insulation is carried out according to the technology described below.

When such work is performed for single pipes, boxes made of non-combustible materials can be used. Similar type chimneys are allowed to be operated without thermal insulation, but fireproof cutting is required in accordance with the rules.

Methods for waterproofing a chimney

Waterproofing of chimneys should be done in the place where they lead to the roof. The further they are located from the ridge, and the larger the pipe, the more difficult the operating conditions will be.

Atmospheric precipitation, when the insulation of the chimney pipe is insufficient, begins to penetrate inside the building. As a result, leaks occur, floors rot and collapse.

The method of waterproofing, as a rule, depends on the shape of the pipe and the material from which the roofing is made. For round products, either metal or polymer cuttings are used, and for pipes with a rectangular cross-section, metal aprons and junction strips are used.

Chimney pipe insulation

Before insulating a pipe on the roof, you should make sure that the requirements specified in SNiP 2.04.05-91 are met, and if deficiencies are found, eliminate them:

1. To ensure the required traction force and prevent the temperature of the furnace gases from exceeding the temperature, the height of the pipe should start from 5 meters.
2. When the roofing is made of roofing felt, slate or other combustible material, a spark arrester is installed on top of the pipe, which is a metal mesh with small cells.
3. Between combustible elements, such as floors, rafters and walls, and the chimney, a gap of at least 25 centimeters must be left.
4. A fire distance is maintained from the top of the stove to the ceiling. For metal units, it is at least 150 centimeters, for brick kilns with a two-row overlap -50 centimeters, with a three-row overlap -25 centimeters, provided that ceiling surface above heating device finished with non-flammable materials.

In a place where brick chimney crosses the ceiling, arrange a fluff 1 - 1.5 bricks thick.

Insulating materials for bath pipes

It would be a mistake to decide to insulate the pipe in the bathhouse by attaching a sheet of iron to the ceiling, since it gets very hot. As an option to line the chimney, use fire-resistant red brick, but in this case you need to strengthen the foundation.

When solving the problem of how to wrap a metal chimney pipe in a bathhouse, experts highlight foil insulation and thermal insulation.

Plastering a pipe made of bricks

Outside surface brick pipes heats up slightly, so they are plastered to improve operating conditions and extend service life. Most affordable option insulation of brick chimneys - plastering with mortar using lime and cement. Instead of sand, you can add slag crumbs, previously sifted, to its composition.

The layer of plaster, when there is a lot of unevenness on the pipe, turns out to be quite thick, therefore, first it is better to seal all the existing differences and cracks on the surface with a solution, and then cover it with reinforcing mesh.

Plastering is carried out in two layers, using the entire pipe. The first time the solution is brought to the consistency of sour cream and applied by spraying and not leveled. For the next layer, the composition is made thicker. It is applied with a trowel and then rubbed until a smooth surface is obtained.

Use of asbestos cement sheets

This method of insulation for chimney pipes made of bricks, such as lining the pipes with asbestos-cement materials, is several times superior to plastering in terms of heat conservation. Asbestos cement slabs are glued to the outer surface using cement-lime mortar.

After preparing the composition, the smoke exhaust structure is reinforced with mesh, and the first layer is applied by spraying. When it dries, the asbestos-cement slabs are cut according to the size of the pipe. The next layer of the mixture is applied to the insulation sections and attached to the surface of the chimney.

But this method has a big drawback - asbestos contains carcinogens and therefore cannot be used in residential areas.

Single Metal Pipe Insulation

The most dangerous option for arranging a chimney in terms of fire safety is a pipe made of metal products that is not protected by a heat insulator. The distance between it and wooden or plastic elements should be at least 60 centimeters.

But even the presence of such a gap cannot protect against burns in case of accidental contact - for this reason, it is advisable to insulate the pipe before problems arise.

When deciding how to wrap a pipe in a bathhouse or house, if it is single, it is to use non-flammable insulation, for example, basalt wool, which is protected on top with metal or plaster. This heat insulator has a melting point of 1000 degrees.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

1. Mats 5 cm thick, consisting of basalt wool, are overlapped around the pipe and secured with steel wire.
2. Wrap the insulated chimney with reinforcing mesh, secure it and apply plaster on top in two layers.
3. Instead of plastering, you can use thin sheet iron, which is rolled up and riveted where the edges touch.

Floor insulation

There is a certain procedure for how to insulate a chimney pipe in the ceiling:

1. Holes are made in the ceilings and roof for laying the smoke exhaust structure so that there is a distance of at least 25-35 centimeters from their edge to the walls of the pipes (read: "").
2. The edges of the holes are covered with metal or asbestos-cement sheets or a thermal insulating box is installed.
3. The space around the pipes is tightly filled with thermal insulation wool.
4. Wooden structures located near the chimney passages are coated with special fire-retardant compounds.

Having figured out how to thermally insulate and how to wrap a pipe in a bathhouse or house, you can complete this work without much effort.

But even a well-insulated chimney should be operated correctly:

• remove soot at least 3 times throughout the year;
• remove ash from the stove in a timely manner;
• Do not burn foreign objects or materials in the unit.

During the heating process, the liquid, which is used as a coolant, circulates throughout the system. In order not to lose useful heat and avoid excessive overheating of the room, heating pipelines are insulated.

Such work is necessary in country houses, if the heating pipelines run along the street from the boiler room, or when the boiler is located in the far wing of the building, and the pipes are stretched along cold corridors. This helps deliver indoors more heat, preserving it along the entire route: from the boiler room to the heating radiators.

Several types of insulation are used as materials; they differ in thermal conductivity and installation methods, and when choosing a material you need to know at least a little about its qualities.

Foamed polyethylene

This is a flexible insulation that is produced in the form of pipes various sizes, with a cut in the middle (this is made for ease of installation).

Installation

When insulating a pipeline with this material, pieces of insulation are applied to the pipes along the entire length and secured with construction tape. The joints or pipe connections must be covered with insulation of a thicker diameter. Therefore, before starting work you need to approximately calculate required amount insulation different sizes.

This brand of insulation is very convenient; it can be easily cut, and the remaining pieces can be used elsewhere, making one long part from several pieces.

Fiberglass insulation

This type of insulation is most in demand among builders. This material is relatively light in weight and is not at all susceptible to rotting. That is why it is often used to insulate pipes located on the street.

Installation

During installation, the pipes are wrapped with insulation and secured with binding wire. For additional protection from moisture, the outside is tied with roofing felt or construction foil.

Basalt wool

These are shaped insulation elements, which are made in the form of plates and cylinders. Such insulation is fireproof, has good strength and does not allow moisture to pass through. Its installation is quite simple; as in the case of fiberglass insulation, it is additionally protected with aluminum foil or roofing felt.

Expanded polystyrene

This insulation is made in the form of two shells of different sizes; they are fastened together using special grooves, but for a reliable connection they must be additionally secured special glue or tape.

Installation

When connecting on pipes, the halves of the insulation are connected to each other and the two parts are shifted in different sides by a few centimeters. The next link is also connected, and the remaining ends are joined together, resulting in a kind of “overlap” of one connection onto another, which provides a better bond.

To insulate awkward areas and corners, shaped shells that have unequal dimensions are used.

In order to carry out high-quality insulation with this material, you need to calculate in advance the length of the pipeline, the number of joints and bends. This is required to purchase required quantity connecting parts.

Polyurethane foam

This insulation is applied by spraying. A specially prepared composition is sprayed onto the installed pipeline. It reliably adheres to the surface and, when foaming, forms a dense protective mass with high strength.

Due to the fact that this insulation does not withstand exposure sun rays insulation of pipes located on outdoors, must be accompanied by their protection: winding with roofing felt or aluminum foil.

For high-quality insulation of pipes, insulation materials can be combined. For example, in the boiler room and on the street they can be closed mineral wool or basalt insulation. And in the house, the connections to the heating radiators are made of foamed polyethylene, which looks more aesthetically pleasing.

This material, which is used to insulate heating pipelines, will eliminate some of the difficulties that arise during the installation of other insulation materials.

The bigger, the better…

This slogan refers to the installation of such insulation. It is applied with a spray or a regular brush, and the more layers are applied to the pipe, the better the heat will be retained. And the process itself is much easier than installing other types of insulation. It can be applied without any problems both to a smooth pipe located in good accessibility, and to hidden, inconvenient areas.

When do you need to take care of pipeline insulation?

It is best to install insulation while laying pipes and branches in the room. At this stage, it will be easier for you to select sizes (when choosing roll or tubular insulation), and in the end there will be less waste, and this, accordingly, will save money.

Insulation repair

In front of everyone positive qualities of all types of materials, it would be useful to carry out a preventive inspection of the entire heating line before the onset of winter season. In order to avoid troubles in the future, areas of insulation that have become unusable due to some circumstances must be replaced.

Video

Video on installation of mineral wool cylinders:

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Question: “How to insulate a metal chimney pipe?” asked very often. This has to be done due to such destructive factors:

• overheating of the structure;
• leakage at joints.

Chimney insulation in a bathhouse

When solving the problem of how to insulate a metal chimney pipe in a bathhouse, the safety of people must be given priority.

The main threat in this room there is the presence of live fire. In this case, it is necessary to isolate. Without proper protection, the ceiling easily catches fire.

Most often, a bathhouse is built from wood, and as you know, this material is highly flammable. Many people mistakenly believe that covering the ceiling with sheets of metal will provide excellent protection, and that there is no need to insulate it further.

But this protection heats up and this will not save you from fire. You can insulate the pipe with red brick, but not every bathhouse design is suitable for this.

Market modern building materials, to insulate the chimney, provides several products:

• Folgoizol. A sauna with this finish is similar to the design of a thermos. Heat is not lost, the room warms up quickly and cools down for a long time.
• Thermal insulation. They can be wrapped around the chimney pipe and secured with wire or special metallized tape.

With them you don't have to worry about isolation. This structure is constructed of several sections that are easily inserted into one another. This is suitable even for a bathhouse with a metal stove.

Red brick is used for the construction of a traditional Russian bathhouse. It is not affected by high temperature and long time keeps warm.

Such a building must fit correctly. Because the duration of use of the structure depends on the quality of the masonry.

How to wrap a metal chimney

How to wrap a metal chimney pipe is not difficult to decide. Market building materials offers many products for this.

IMPORTANT! The most important thing you need to know when performing insulation is that you cannot use a coating that contains flammable substances.

It is better to insulate with a good quality product that meets fire and building regulations. This will create additional conditions security.

The most commonly used options are:

1. Fibrous building material;
2. Mineral wool;
3. Glass wool.

Find out how to insulate a metal chimney

Metal version, and in particular its insulation, deserves special attention. drawing up a construction project.

It is not always possible to isolate an already created scheme without rebuilding the roof structure.

If you build modern design, then you can use ready-made sandwich pipes. Such designs are completed quickly, with little expense for specialists.

But, they are not cheap. However, this cost is justified by the long service life and ease of design.

In them, mineral wool is located between two blanks. Isolation thus comes to the fore high level.

With the help of insulation, irreversible chemical reactions that occur under the influence of moisture and fuel decomposition substances are stopped or prevented.

Measures not taken in time to insulate the chimney pipe can become the basis for compromising the integrity of the house due to destruction.

Condensate, strengthened by the action of acid, slowly but intensively spoils building materials. Condensation is especially dangerous when pipes are thawing after winter.

Making boxes

Many people are afraid to make a metal box for the chimney pipe themselves. But it doesn't contain much complexity.

When making a box you need the following tools:

1. Metal scissors.
2. Galvanized sheet.
3. Self-tapping screws.
4. Compass.
5. Drill.

Further sequence of actions:

• The hole is being prepared. Its edges need to be secured with support beams. They will create support for the box.
• A couple of parts are cut from a galvanized sheet. Along their edges, at a distance of five centimeters, a 90-degree bend is made. These U-shaped parts are fastened with self-tapping screws to the prepared holes in ceiling covering.
• Two more U-shaped blanks are prepared in the same way, and they are overlapped onto the existing sheets. The result is a solid frame for the exit made in the ceiling covering.
• The next part of the action is the bottom for the box. An element is cut out from the same galvanized sheet, the dimensions corresponding to the opening made. In its center, draw a circle with a compass for the entrance of the smoke exhaust billet.
• From the central part of the bottom of the box, 4 fasteners are placed (each of them has a two-centimeter width). Next, they are cut out and bent at an angle of 90 degrees. As a result, a base is formed with a hole and 4 strips for fastening.
• The bottom is attached to the walls. A chimney is inserted through the exit and secured with a clamp. The empty space is filled with an insulating layer.

Using the suggested instructions, making a box is not difficult. If you follow everything exactly, the work will not be difficult even for an inexperienced layman.

Chimney installation

The problem of how to properly install a chimney from metal pipes is not as easy to solve as it seems at first glance. It is very important that it functions as it should.

Otherwise, combustion products will not only damage furniture, but also harm the human body.

Any construction of this type is done according to the following principles:

• Regarding the smoke. In this case, a tee is installed in the network, which removes condensate.
• Regarding condensation. In this case, this tee is not used.

First stage. This is the choice of project and selection of materials. At this stage, it becomes clear what kind of construction the building will be (straight or with transitions and bends).

Second phase. This is an assembly. All joints, elbows and tees must be securely fastened with clamps.

Third stage. Passing through the roof. Exit through the roof occurs using special cutting.

It is selected according to the level of the roof slope. Then the location where exactly the workpiece will pass is determined.

The slope angle is adjusted with part of the cutting, and its extreme parts are “adjusted” to the ridge. Insulation is laid along the walls of the pipe.

Fourth final stage. An adjustable apron is attached to the pipe and the pipe is extended to the required length. Its edges are covered with a lid - an umbrella. It will protect from precipitation.

Chimney fastening

In this case, the gaps between the roof and the pipe must be closed with waterproofing. It is recommended to raise the building above the roof in accordance with existing rules.

When carried out with outside structures, the problem of how to secure a metal chimney pipe is not acute. Because for this they use an elbow, which sets the vertical direction.

For reliability, the chimney is secured to the wall with special brackets. They may already be contained in ready set upon purchase, and it is also not difficult to make them yourself from a metal corner.

When the structure rises to the level of the roof ridge and is securely fixed to the wall, an umbrella must be placed on top of it. It protects against clogging by fallen leaves, rainwater and snowfall.

Transition from a brick chimney to a metal one

How to extend a brick chimney with a metal pipe? This question is asked very often.

To extend a brick chimney, you should make a flat steel platform with pipe. The diameter of the pipe must correspond to the diameter of the workpiece for extension.

This extension platform must be securely fixed. To do this, take dowels and screws. But such fastening will not be reliable without sealant.

And now all the lengthening actions are in order:

• On the brick base, it is necessary to mark all fastening points. These places should not be on masonry seam. Also they should not be on the edge of the brick.
• Next, holes for self-tapping screws are drilled in the site, and holes for dowels are made in the bricks.
• The platform is placed on.
• After this, the platform is evenly tightened along the entire perimeter with self-tapping screws.
• This transition can then be installed only after the sealant has completely dried.

Now a brick building can be extended to any desired distance using a metal blank.

Some installation rules

1. If the smoke outlet rises above the roof by more than 1.5 meters, then it is recommended to additionally secure it with guy wires.
2. The length of the pipe from the stove to the tip should not exceed 5 meters.
3. To clean condensate, special plugs are installed.
4. The structure should be extended no less than 1.5 meters beyond the roof.
5. When installing a smoke exhaust pipe, its diameter must not be narrowed.
6. Nearby structures made of combustible materials should not heat up more than 50 degrees.
7. The smoke outlet must be located at a safe distance from the electrical wiring.

When deciding how to insulate a metal chimney pipe, everyone makes a decision based on their preferences and financial capabilities.

The main thing in this matter is to do everything in accordance with the standards and requirements, and then the work will please you with a high-quality result.

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And his isolation is mandatory process during construction, which pursues two goals: fire safety and corrosion protection.

If you do not make thermal insulation, then under the influence of temperature changes condensation will form, gradually flowing inside and contributing to the destruction of the structure itself.

Insulated smoke exhaust channels warm up faster, making it much more efficient.

Depending on what the bath chimney is made of, they are used various materials for its thermal insulation.

There are several types of already insulated chimneys for sauna stove, the most common of which are from stainless metal. A good option- ceramic sections that are already installed in expanded clay concrete modules.

Why insulate a chimney?

During operation of a sauna stove, its chimney becomes hot, and the inevitable proximity to flammable materials can lead to a fire.

If the chimney pipe is made of brick, it heats up less, and if the chimney is made of metal, then much more.

Metal pipes heat up over 600 C°, and their proximity to wood paneling steam rooms are very dangerous, especially if the sauna is .

Second, no less important problem– this is the appearance of condensation in the chimney. Condensation is the main enemy of all smoke removal systems.

This is not just moisture that forms on the walls of the chimney, but an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, which can destroy almost any material. It appears as a result of the passage of heated air through a still cold chimney.

As a result of the effect of condensation on uninsulated masonry, the masonry is destroyed, since it has the ability to penetrate microcracks in the brick, and when freezing, it expands. Metal chimneys also suffer greatly from condensation.

Metal of ordinary brands is not resistant to acids, so it quickly becomes unusable when exposed to condensation.

The only way to combat the appearance of condensation is to insulate the smoke exhaust ducts, in which the pipe will cool less and the sauna stove will return to operating combustion mode faster.

Insulation materials

Chimney insulation can be done various methods using non-combustible materials.

The most common are:

1. Chimney thermal insulation basalt wool and glass wool. Insulation materials used for both large surfaces of brick chimneys and pipes of relatively small diameter. Available as filler, in rolls or in the form of mats. For its use, it is recommended to manufacture an additional casing.
2. Method of filling the space around the chimney heat-insulating material: expanded clay, slag, broken bricks, special heat-insulating granules. This method involves making an additional chimney casing.
3. . This is the most common, until recently, method of insulating brick chimneys. For this purpose, a slag-lime solution was used, applied in a layer of 5-7 cm to the reinforcing mesh. After drying it was applied sand-cement mortar, the same thickness. But when the smoke exhaust system was heated and cooled, such insulation cracked and required annual repairs, so this method is considered unjustified from the point of view of labor costs and efficiency.
4. Chimney insulation modern materials made of foamed polyethylene. “Teploizol” or “Folgoizol” is produced in rolls, is light in weight and has good elasticity, and cuts well, which makes it accessible to even non-professionals to work with. This is the simplest and inexpensive way insulation of chimneys, widely used today.

Choice of insulation

The choice of insulation to insulate a chimney must be approached carefully and seriously. You should not buy the cheapest one, because it must have good thermal insulation properties, be convenient to use, do not require additional reinforcement load-bearing structures roofs and ceilings, be non-toxic and non-flammable.

Stone or basalt wool is an excellent thermal insulation made from basalt stones.

This insulation can withstand prolonged exposure to fairly high temperatures and does not burn, even when in contact with an open fire. When heated, it does not release any toxic or unpleasant odors. Such insulation can be safely called an environmentally friendly material.

Glass wool is a type of mineral wool insulation made from waste from the glass industry. Between its fibers there is a large number of voids, so it retains heat well.

Glass wool does not burn and does not absorb moisture, is not susceptible to rotting and rodents. It is not expensive and easy to use. Most often produced in slabs and rolls.

Teploizol or folgoizol are multifunctional types of insulation made of polyethylene foam and covered with a sheet aluminum foil. It is produced in rolls and has a thickness from 2 to 10 mm. They can perfectly insulate the chimney of a bathhouse, since these insulation materials can withstand heating up to 150C°-170C°.

Do-it-yourself insulation installation

Chimney insulation using mineral, basalt or glass wool can be done in two ways: insulation under a casing or insulation of a chimney without a casing.

In order to insulate a chimney using mineral wool mats, you need to cut out several pieces of slab from them that will correspond to the sides of the pipe from the outside.

Then, using wire stitching, secure them to the chimney.

Important! There should be no voids left between the layer of thermal insulation, otherwise the insulation will lose its effectiveness.

To insulate a metal pipe, you need to wrap it with basalt wool and secure it with wire around the entire perimeter. After that, put the second pipe on the chimney larger diameter to make a kind of sandwich.

This method of thermal insulation of chimneys is the most effective and simple, but it allows reducing heat loss by more than half, as well as significantly reducing the fire hazard and the formation of condensate in smoke exhaust systems and protecting them from destruction.

Thus, thermal insulation helps to increase thermal efficiency and safe use ovens. At the same time, it gives the building and the structure itself a more aesthetic appearance.

• Stove heating is not at all uncommon in private construction, because gas pipelines do not always reach places quite remote from the city, not to mention central heating. But even if you have a heating system with gas or solid fuel boiler Many homeowners indulge in the pleasure of making their own fireplace. This work involves the need to remove the chimney through the roof and install a pipe.

  To ensure that a stove or fireplace does not create problems during operation, insulation of the chimney (stove pipe) is necessary.

  Why is chimney insulation necessary?

  The smoke exhaust system is constantly exposed to high temperatures. It is also affected by chemically active substances and various external factors. As a result, the integrity of the chimney is threatened, the efficiency of its operation decreases, and prerequisites for shrinkage of the walls of the house appear.

  Cracks or gaps formed on the surface can cause poor traction and, as a result, cases of poisoning are possible carbon monoxide. Cases of fires due to soot combustion are also not uncommon.

  To operate the chimney safely and efficiently, as well as to extend its service life, several operations must be performed. One of them is chimney insulation.

  What you need to know before insulating your chimney pipe

  

  • To begin with, it is important to determine optimal place outlet and chimney height – two important conditions good traction.
  • For roofs made of flammable materials such as ondulin or roofing felt, it is necessary to take care of a spark arrester made of fine-mesh metal mesh.
  • In places where a brick chimney passes through the ceiling, when installing it, it is necessary to make a fluff with a thickness of one or one and a half bricks.
  • To avoid fire hazards between rafter system, ceiling or other combustible structures and chimney, leave a gap of at least 25 cm.
  • The ceiling and upper ceiling of a fireplace or stove are also separated by space for fire safety purposes:
  • for metal ones - the minimum gap is 1.5 m;
  • brick, having a two-row ceiling - maintain a distance of at least 0.5 m;
  • for products equipped with a three-row overlap, minimum distance equals 0.25 m if the ceiling is above heating equipment finished with non-flammable materials for the chimney.

  Insulation methods

  

  Chimney insulation allows you to protect it from two main destructive influences:

  • overheating of structures;
  • leaks through joints.

  That's why we'll focus on

  • insulating the chimney on the roof from water;
  • fireproof thermal insulation of a chimney.

  As a rule, complex isolation is carried out. In fact, in addition to solving only the main problems, the operating conditions of the smoke exhaust system are also improved. Eg,

  • protecting the chimney from rain will prevent rotting wooden elements truss structure, ceilings, to avoid damage when wet;
  • non-flammable chimney materials used for thermal insulation smoke channel which passes through a cold attic, not only reduce the likelihood of overheating of fire hazardous wood elements, but also minimize the risk of condensation. And this is fraught with many complications: excessive soot deposition, corrosion or even its destruction.

  IN modern construction Most often, brick or metal chimneys are installed. The choice of insulation method is mainly determined by the material of the chimneys.

  How to insulate chimneys

  

  Fire insulation

  • The most effective and simple, although perhaps not entirely cheap option– installation of a ceramic or steel sandwich chimney. The internal channel of this design, through which smoke is removed, is made of heat-resistant material and insulated with basalt, stone or mineral wool, completely providing for pipes non-combustible insulation. For the outer layer of the prefabricated structure, heat-resistant material was also used - steel or ready-made expanded clay concrete blocks. It is equipped with additional elements necessary for installation, inspection and maintenance of the chimney.
  • Another option for thermal insulation is a brick chimney. This material has low thermal conductivity, so walls made from it do not overheat to a dangerous state. For such a channel there is no need for additional insulation measures. It is enough to competently carry out fireproof cutting of the chimney, as well as the ceilings.

  On a note

  The chimney structure can be made easier by finishing the brick structure with metal or ceramic pipe. Then, for their thermal insulation, a technology is used that will be described below. This approach also saves money.

  Waterproofing

  Waterproofing technology is mainly selected depending on the shape of the chimney and material roofing. For example, for products round section roof trim made of metal or polymers is required, with rectangular cross-section use a metal apron, as well as abutment strips.

  It must be taken into account that the larger the cross-section of the pipe and the distance to ridge beam, the more difficult the operating conditions will be. The larger volume of water from precipitation and the excessive load from accumulated snow in winter create an increased risk of leaks. Accordingly, increased demands are placed on waterproofing in this case.

  How to properly insulate chimney pipes

  Let's sort it out various options insulation for chimneys, how and with what to insulate.

  Plastering a brick pipe

  

  The most affordable option for insulating a pipe through the roof , Let's say, in the bathhouse - plastering. To do this, use solutions of cement or cement with the addition of lime. As an option for a solution, take from 1 bag (25 kg) of cement following materials(in buckets):

  • water (5),
  • slaked lime (2),
  • sand, it can also be mixed with slag chips (10).

  At high outside temperatures, the resulting composition sets within one to two hours, and in cool weather – within 5 hours. Therefore, it is recommended to prepare the plastering solution in parts.

  To ensure that the layer of plaster is not too thick, you first need to seal the cracks. Then, after leveling the differences on the surface, the walls are covered with a reinforcing mesh.

  The plaster is applied in 2 layers.

  • For the first, the solution is more liquid and resembles sour cream in consistency. The first layer is applied by spraying:

1. The surface of the wall is cleaned of dust, then slightly moistened.
2. The solution is taken onto a trowel (spatula), then poured onto the prepared surface. The resulting layer is uneven, and this is precisely what is necessary for better adhesion between the layers.

• The second layer is thicker. It is applied using a trowel over the entire surface of the canal, from the very beginning to the end.

Sheathing with asbestos cement sheets

This method allows you to save twice as much heat. The essence of it is in the decoration brick walls channel asbestos cement slabs. Gluing is carried out on a plastering solution, which is prepared using the above technology.

• After surface reinforcement metal mesh The first layer of plaster is applied using the spray method.
• The second layer is applied to the dried first layer and glued onto it. asbestos cement sheets, cut to appropriate sizes.

On a note

Considering the lack of environmental friendliness of asbestos, this method of chimney insulation is more suitable for cold attics. It allows you to partially balance the thermal conditions inside and outside the pipe, which significantly reduces the formation of condensation, as well as improves fire protection.

Sheet iron can be used to finish brick structures. This type of cladding is done over a layer of insulation.

Creating an insulating casing

A single metal pipe not protected by insulation is the most dangerous option from a fire point of view. In addition, it does not conserve heat well, given the high thermal conductivity of the metal. Between it and structures made of wood and plastic, you need to maintain a distance of at least 60 cm. But even then you can get burned if you accidentally touch it. Therefore, the issue of isolation still remains relevant.

The simplest insulation method in such a case is to create a multilayer sandwich structure.

• The chimney is overlapped and wrapped in mats made of basalt non-combustible wool, which are thinner than 50 mm. The melting point of this insulation is close to 1000˚, which is much higher than the smoke temperature.
• A knitting steel wire is laid over the thermal insulation and secured.

• Then plaster is applied according to the technology described above, using cement-lime or clay-sand mortar.
• Instead of plaster, you can use a casing made of thin sheet iron. The sheet must have a width of at least 1 m. The metal blank is rolled along the diameter of the pipe with a layer of insulation and riveted along the edge connection line. The corners are rounded manually or using rolling rollers.