Planting sweet peppers for seedlings, when to sow, proper seed treatment and seedling care. When to sow pepper seeds for seedlings How to plant granulated pepper seeds

Pepper is quite tender and capricious plant, which takes a long time to germinate from seeds. In order to have time to receive good harvest, or even two during the summer, you need to choose the right time for sowing seeds for seedlings.

For successful cultivation seedlings, several factors matter. One important conditions is right time planting seeds. The second is their proper preparation and planting.

Ripening and harvesting should occur during the warmest time of summer - late July - mid-August. Pepper varieties are divided according to their ripening time. Accordingly, the time for planting seeds will vary.

For seedlings, the length of daylight is important - the longer it is, the better the growth. When planting seedlings in early February, provide them with enough light using phytolamps or simply fluorescent lamps.

Video - do-it-yourself technology for planting pepper seeds in seedlings

Planting peppers according to the lunar calendar

Many gardeners rely on the lunar calendar. It is believed that peppers should be planted on the waxing moon, because its fruits grow on branches. When the moon grows, juices from the ground tend upward, into the stem and fruit. By lunar calendar define and better days for landing. Each culture has its own days. There are also “common” days for all vegetable crops, the so-called neutral days. It is not recommended to land on a new moon or full moon.

The most favorable days for planting seeds in March on the 12th, 13th, 14th, 16th and 17th.

What affects landing time?

The seedlings that have produced the first flower at the first fork are suitable for planting in the ground. If you let the seedlings outgrow, they will not take root well in the soil and bear fruit less well. The first flower appears approximately 2.5 months after the seeds germinate. The time for forcing seeds can vary from 10 to 35 days. Thus, it is possible to calculate the planting time taking into account all the factors affecting its growth.

Choice of seeds: buy in a store or plant your own

Planting time should be adjusted depending on whether your seeds are used for seedlings or purchased. Germination of your seeds is 10-20 days. Purchased seeds may hatch after 4 weeks or even later, since the manufacturer, as a rule, dries them to extend their shelf life.

Purchased seeds must be processed to better germination and plant 10-20 weeks earlier.

The process of transplanting into the ground

When calculating the time of planting, it is necessary to take into account that peppers do not tolerate transplanting into the ground. It takes them 7-10 days to recover. This can delay fruit ripening, which is very undesirable in our short summer. For the most gentle transplantation of seedlings, you can use separate pots specially designed for growing them. Then the bush can be transplanted into the ground by transshipment without damaging the roots. If this is not possible, you need to give the plant a head start by planting the seedlings a week earlier.

The type of greenhouse in which they will be grown also matters for the time of planting. If this is a capital heated greenhouse, any varieties can be safely planted for seedlings in mid-February. By the end of April they can be moved to the greenhouse.

For those who grow peppers under a film cover or in a regular greenhouse in the sun, seedlings should be planted no later than mid-March. Planting in a greenhouse will take place in mid-May, when there is no longer any threat of frost.

Climate zones

Pepper - heat-loving plant and the timing of its ripening differs depending on the region. The sooner it is possible to plant seedlings in the ground, the sooner they should be planted.

In the southern regions, where the soil warms up earlier, you can start sowing seeds at the end of January. For the middle zone, planting is possible in early to mid-February. For the Ural region and Siberia - optimal time It will be the beginning of March.

In any case, the deadline for planting pepper seeds for seedlings is the second ten days of March.

How to sow seeds for seedlings

The germination of pepper seeds lasts about 3 years. Attempting to germinate older seeds is unlikely to be successful. How to find out how old the purchased seeds are and whether they will sprout at all?

Seed check

There are two ways to check if the seeds in a nice package are empty.

The first one is the simplest. Without waiting for the allotted time for planting seedlings, take several seeds from each bag and plant, observing normal rules their preparation. Make a so-called training planting. You should be interested in two facts: how many seeds sprouted and the time period at which the seedlings appeared. The forcing period is great importance. Now you will know exactly when to sow seeds for seedlings, taking into account their germination time.
The second method is used by almost all gardeners. In the weak brine(3%) you need to put the seeds. The full-fledged ones will sink to the bottom, and the “empty” ones will float to the surface. They need to be removed, water from good seeds pour through a strainer, collect them and start preparing for sowing.

Video - when and how to sow pepper seeds for seedlings

Preparing seeds for seedlings

If test planting shows excellent seed germination, there is no point in wasting time and effort on additional training. You can sow them dry directly into the prepared substrate. If the seeds do not show a very good result, they need to be soaked and germinated. The largest seeds are selected for planting. You can prepare them in different ways.

Soaking in potassium permanganate (only swollen seeds are processed) for disinfection. The solution should be dark in color. The seeds are kept in it for about half an hour. They are then transferred to melt water room temperature(not cold!) and leave for 24 hours. The seeds soaked in this way are transferred to a damp rag, placed in a plastic bag and tied so that air remains in it. In a warm place, after 6-7 days, tiny sprouts will emerge from the seeds. That's it, you can plant seedlings.
“Grandmother’s” method - soaking in ash water. Wood ash (a tablespoon) is diluted in 0.5 liters of water. You need to let it sit for about a day, stirring from time to time. Then drain the ash water and put the seeds in it for a day or two (preferably in a gauze bag). There they will be saturated with microelements, which will increase their vitality. Then they are also placed for germination. After the ash solution, do not wash the seeds!
Soaking in growth stimulants. It is important to strictly follow the dosage and instructions supplied with such drugs.
Saturation of seeds with oxygen, so-called bubbling. Seeds are placed in a liter jar of settled warm water and air is supplied there using a compressor, which is used for an aquarium. So the seeds are processed within 24 hours. After bubbling, the seeds have excellent germination. Treatment is carried out 2 weeks before sowing.

To disinfect seeds, instead of potassium permanganate, you can use ready-made, slightly toxic biological preparations, also following the instructions for them.

Important! Do not use when preparing seeds hot water, they will die.

Preparing the soil and container

Tender root system pepper does not tolerate transplantation well, so it is better to immediately plant the seeds in separate containers. You can make them yourself from cardboard bags and greenhouse film, you can use plastic glasses, etc. The main thing is that the volume is initially small. Peat pots are good, but they have one drawback. Moisture easily evaporates through its walls, which can lead to drying out of the soil. Homemade containers must contain drainage holes to drain excess water during irrigation.

If you don’t have experience and the ability to make your own soil mixture for seedlings, it’s better to use purchased soil based on vermicompost. Under no circumstances should you use garden soil. She is exhausted by others vegetable crops. In addition, many pathogenic microorganisms and pests that are harmful to pepper live in it.

Planting seeds

Soil is poured into the bottom of the prepared container, which can be mixed with a small amount of fertilizer containing phosphorus - it promotes good growth of the root system. Add soil on top so that 2-3 cm remains to the edge. Water generously so that water flows through the drainage holes. A sprouted seed is placed in a hole made with a match or a toothpick, sprout side down. The surface of the earth is smoothed out and pressed down a little. There is no need to compact the soil; peppers love loose soil.

Important! For watering, use only well-settled or boiled water room temperature. Chlorine is harmful to seeds and to the plant as a whole.

Containers with seedlings are placed in a warm place (25-30°). Everyone, we are waiting for friendly shoots.

Good luck to everyone and have a good harvest!

Almost every owner personal plot grows delicious and healthy peppers. Since these heat-loving vegetables take a long time to grow and ripen, their seeds are sown for seedlings in February or March. Before planting in the ground, seedlings must grow and develop at home for at least two months. In order for friendly seedlings to appear and good seedlings to grow, many gardeners plant pepper seeds according to the lunar calendar in certain numbers and care for the plants according to all the rules. We will tell you in detail about planting dates in 2019 and the nuances of caring for vegetable seedlings in our article. Follow the highlighted link and you can find out when and how to plant and grow these vegetables and flowers.

Seeds of plants that produce ground crops should be sown during the waxing moon. Since peppers are precisely such plants, it is not recommended to sow them on the days of the Full and New Moon.

According to the lunar calendar, planting pepper seedlings in 2019 should be carried out on the following dates:

January: 10th, 11th, 18th, 31st.
February: 1st, 2nd, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 15th, 24th (these are the most favorable days). Just favorable days for planting are February 13, 14, 16, 17, 18.
March: 3, 4, 10 to 14, 17, 26.
April: 2, 3, 4, 9, 13, 16, 25.

You should refrain from sowing on the following days:

January: 6, 21;
February: from 3 to 5, 19 and 20;
March: 5, 6, 21 and 31;
April; 5, 19.

How to plant peppers correctly?

Before planting pepper seedlings, you need to prepare the seeds and soil.

Seed treatment

Experienced summer residents advise soaking the seeds before sowing, since this procedure speeds up the emergence of seedlings.

Soaking pepper seeds:

Planting material is placed for 5-6 hours in water with a temperature of +50 degrees. IN warm water the seeds should swell.
After this, the seeds are wrapped in gauze or a cloth and soaked for 2-3 days in water at a temperature of about +20 degrees.
When the seeds hatch, they can be used for sowing.

Soil preparation

You can buy soil for seedlings at a specialty store or prepare it yourself. To do this you need to prepare:

garden humus - 2 parts;
garden soil - 1 part;
sand – 1 part;
a few spoons of wood ash.

All ingredients are thoroughly mixed. To destroy fungal spores and pest larvae in the soil, it is recommended to sterilize it in the microwave or oven before use. The hot soil mixture is laid out in seedling containers and allowed to cool.

Sowing seeds

Pepper seeds should be planted to a depth of 1.5-2 cm with a distance of 5 cm from each other. The crops are watered warm water from a spray bottle and covered with film or glass on top. Seedling boxes are placed in a warm place where the air temperature is not lower than +21 degrees.

Since pepper seedlings do not tolerate picking well, many gardeners plant seeds in peat or disposable small cups.

Growing pepper seedlings

At home, the emerging seedlings are placed in a well-lit place without direct sunlight. The air temperature should be about +26...+28 degrees during the day. At night, plants need colder conditions and temperatures within +10...+15 degrees.

The soil in the seedlings should be moderately moist at all times. Under no circumstances should it be allowed to dry out, otherwise the still small and weak seedlings will wither. However, too damp soil there shouldn't be. In damp conditions, plants often develop blackleg disease and quickly die. For irrigation, only settled warm water is used.

To prevent seedlings from stretching, they may need additional artificial lighting. Daylight hours for peppers should last from 7 am to 9 pm.

In a room with dry air, young plants can be affected by pests. To prevent this, it is recommended to spray the seedlings daily with settled water.

Picking should be done when two true leaves appear on the seedlings. From seedling boxes plants are transplanted into disposable containers (cups) or peat pots. The size of the cups should be approximately 8x8 cm.

The seedlings are pre-watered and after about an hour, using a fork or a special small spatula, together with a lump of earth, they are transferred to a pot. Seedlings should be buried down to the cotyledon leaves. The plants are watered and placed in a place shaded from the sun.

At correct transplantation and care, the seedlings quickly take root in the new container and grow well. Two weeks after picking, the peppers are fed with special fertilizers for seedlings. You can use Fertika Lux, Krepysh, Mortar, Agricola. Repeated feeding is carried out two weeks after the first.

10-14 days before planting peppers in open ground, the plants begin to harden. To do this, they are taken out every day open balcony or a plot in the garden. The air temperature should not be lower than +13 degrees. Seedlings should not stand in a draft and should not be exposed to direct Sun rays. On the first day, the duration of the plants’ stay on fresh air should not be more than an hour. Every day the time spent by seedlings in new conditions increases.

Planting peppers in a greenhouse

If you have a greenhouse or greenhouse on your site, and you grew greenhouse varieties of peppers, then when the seedlings reach an age of at least 55 days and grow to a height of 25 cm, they can be planted. At this time, each plant should already have at least 12 leaves and formed buds in their axils.

When to plant peppers in a greenhouse? The planting time depends on weather conditions. The soil for planting should warm up to a temperature of +15 degrees. Therefore, in Siberia, the Urals and other not very warm areas, vegetables are planted in a greenhouse no earlier than May 15th.

Before planting, the soil is fertilized with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers and watered abundantly.

Pepper planting scheme:

The distance between rows should be from 35 to 60 cm.
Low-growing, early-ripening varieties are planted at a distance of 15 cm from each other.
The distance between medium-sized plants should be 25 cm.
Vigorous bushes are planted at a distance of 35 cm from each other.

The plantings are watered, and the soil around them is compacted and sprinkled with peat.

Planting peppers in the ground

Many summer residents grow varieties of peppers that grow well in open ground. They are planted in the ground when the weather is warm outside and frosts have passed. This usually happens at the end of May - beginning of June.

You can plant peppers after cucumbers, pumpkins, onions, carrots, zucchini, and green manure. After physalis, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes and eggplants, peppers cannot be grown.

Preparing the bed:

In the fall, when digging, they add organic fertilizers(5 kg per 1 sq. m) and potassium with phosphorus (50 g per 1 sq. m).
In spring, the soil is fertilized with ammonium nitrate (40 g per 1 sq. m).
A few days before planting, the soil is disinfected copper sulfate(1 tbsp per bucket of water).

Holes for planting peppers are made with a distance of 40 to 50 cm. The distance between rows should be at least 60 cm. A spoonful of mineral fertilizer is added to each hole, which is mixed with the soil.

Watered plants, along with a lump of earth, are taken out of the pots and placed in prepared holes. If the seedlings grew in peat pots, then they are placed all together in the hole. The roots are covered with soil and watered well. It is necessary to ensure that the root collar of the plants is flush with the ground surface. The soil around the plantings is covered with mulch in the form of peat.

In some regions, the temperature at night until mid-June can be below +13 degrees. Peppers love more high temperatures, so it is recommended to cover them at night.

Now you know how and when to plant pepper seedlings. From correct sowing, planting and caring for seedlings depends on the future harvest of healthy and tasty sweet peppers.

To get a good harvest of peppers, it is important not only to plant the seeds correctly, but also to ensure sufficient quantity heat, light and moisture. If all these requirements are met, you can grow sweet and tasty peppers.

Preparing for landing

The optimal time for sowing seeds for seedlings is February-March. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the plant variety. Early varieties It is better to sow in February, and later ones in March. When growing peppers it is necessary Special attention give to the soil. Peppers grow well in loose, breathable soil. The soil must contain all the necessary nutrients.

The acidity level in the soil should be within the pH range of 6-6.5. For high acidity, it is recommended to add dolomite flour (15-17g of flour per 1 kg of soil). When growing seedlings, you can prepare the following soil mixture: take garden soil and humus in a 2:1 ratio. It should be remembered that it is not recommended to use garden soil on which tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants were previously grown.

Add a little wood ash to this mixture and equal amount peat and sawdust. Instead of sawdust, you can use coarse sand. Next, the soil needs to be mixed, calcined or treated with potassium permanganate. After this, you can fill the boxes with soil and start sowing. If used for seedlings purchased soil, then it needs to be improved. To do this, add 1.5 kg of sand and 1-2 tbsp to 5 kg of soil. dolomite flour, ash and mineral fertilizers. Seeds also need to be prepared for sowing.

It is necessary to select low-quality seeds. To do this, dilute 30 g of salt in a liter of water, mix and add the seeds. All the empty ones will float to the top, and the good ones will sink to the bottom. Next, drain the water along with the empty seeds and select high-quality seed. They need to be washed under water and dried.

Pepper seeds need to be hardened. During the daytime, they are kept at a temperature of 20-22 degrees, and at night they are placed in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf.

The hardening procedure must be completed for 3-5 days. To prevent diseases of seedlings and young seedlings, seeds should be treated in a solution of potassium permanganate. They need to be placed in a cotton bag and immersed in the solution for 15-20 minutes. Next, rinse with water. To ensure that seedlings grow well, you can treat the seeds with growth stimulants: Ideal, Novosil, Epin, etc.

Growing Requirements

Sowing of seeds is carried out in prepared boxes, cups and other containers. The seeds should be deepened no more than 1-2 cm, and the distance from each other should be 2-3 cm. After sowing, place the container in a warm place and cover with film. Since pepper is a heat-loving crop, it is important to observe the temperature regime.

Video about growing pepper seedlings:

Before the emergence of seedlings, the temperature should be within 20-28 degrees, then after their emergence the temperature is reduced: at night 15-17 degrees, and during the day - 20-22 degrees. On sunny days, it is necessary to shade the plant so that the seedlings do not stretch out. The soil should be moistened every 1-2 days using a hand sprayer.

Cultivation and care activities

After the emergence of seedlings, there is no need to water the plant for 2-3 days, but only moisten the soil surface using a spray bottle. If cotyledons appear, then watering begins with warm water, about 30 degrees. It is important to maintain water balance and not allow the soil to become waterlogged or dry out. In case of insufficient lighting, additional illumination is carried out with fluorescent lamps.
After 14 days you can feed the plant. For roots it is better to use potassium humate.

For 10 liters of water you will need 25 ml of fertilizer. No more than 300 ml of fertilizer should be applied per seedling. The last feeding is carried out during the flowering period, when there are already 6-8 leaves. Should take boric acid(1.7 g), iron and manganese sulfate (1 g), copper and zinc sulfate (0.2 g). Dilute all these components in 10 liters of water and add 0.5 liters to each plant.

It should be remembered that after each feeding it is necessary to water the plant. Peppers need to be hardened 2 weeks before planting in the ground. During this time, you should gradually reduce the amount of watering and lower the air temperature. Containers with seedlings must be taken out for 4-6 hours. unheated room. In such conditions, gradually increase your stay. With the appearance of 2 leaves, you can pick into separate containers.

If you pick earlier or later, this can lead to growth retardation. Before replanting, the soil must be moistened to avoid damage to the root system. Picking is best done in peat pots. They can then be planted together with seedlings in open ground. The seedling is dug up and, together with the earthen lump, is separated from other plants. It should be remembered that the spine is not shortened.

How to grow pepper seedlings from seeds and when is the best time to plant peppers in 2019? Today we will talk about growing pepper seedlings at home - preparing the soil, seeds for planting, caring for the seedlings before planting in open ground.

You will learn how to grow healthy, good seedlings pepper at home detailed photos and video.

For growing sweet pepper seedlings It is necessary to follow the basic rules for sowing, picking and transplanting peppers, which will be discussed below. We will also share the nuances and secrets proper cultivation seedlings.

For those who sow based on according to the lunar calendar- favorable days for sowing bell pepper seeds 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 24 February 2019. Unfavorable days With 3, 4, 20 February 2019.

When is the best time to plant pepper seeds?

In January, it is too early to plant pepper seeds, since there is still too little light in this winter month, as a result the peppers will be sluggish and weak, and as a result, you will not get a good harvest from such plants. Before sowing pepper seeds, check the planting dates indicated on the seed package.

Keep in mind that pepper is only suitable seedling method growing due to the long growing season of 120-150 days.

The first sowing of seeds must be carried out already from mid-February. Pepper seeds do not always germinate well; if, for example, they were overdried by the manufacturer, then the germination time can increase to several weeks.

The seeds of your own peppers usually germinate much faster than store-bought ones, usually after 1 week. Stored pepper seeds will require 10-14 days until the first sprouts appear. This fact can be explained by the fact that purchased seeds are subjected to mechanical processing and are often overdried by the manufacturer to increase shelf life.

So, 2nd and 3rd decades of February perfect time for planting pepper seeds for seedlings. Most late date planting - mid-March. If you plant the seeds later, you won’t have to count on full fruits this year.

Experienced gardeners advise not to soak pepper seeds before planting, as this procedure will speed up seed germination by just a few days. Before sowing the seeds, the soil must be moistened so that it is easier for the seeds to shed the seed coat upon germination.

If you make the soil yourself, you can add it add humus, in this case there is no need for additional feeding.

Seeds are planted in prepared soil to a depth no more than 2-3 cm. After that, be sure to cover the containers with polyethylene and place them in a room with a temperature 22-26 degrees.

Check the emergence of seedlings periodically. It is important not to miss this moment, since at the first shoots it is necessary to remove the film from the boxes with seedlings.

After germination, move the boxes with seedlings to a cooler room with a temperature of approximately 20 degrees. Pepper seedlings love light, so be sure to provide additional lighting for the seedlings, especially on cloudy days.

Doesn't like pepper picking and transfer, because their root system is easily damaged and then takes a long time to recover. Best used for sowing pepper seeds peat cups , which after planting in the ground will simply turn into humus.

If you couldn’t find such cups or you don’t like working with them, then sow the peppers in containers at a distance of 2-3 cm from each other.

Seedlings should not be watered often better water room temperature, or you can warm it up a little. It is enough to spray the pepper seedlings once a month.

Monitor the condition of the seedlings constantly. Peppers do not tolerate dry soil well, so increase watering if necessary.

Stocky and powerful seedlings can be planted in open ground at the age of 60-80 days. At this age, the first buds already appear on the bushes.

The time for planting seedlings must be determined based on the weather. This is usually the beginning of June, when the risk of frost returning is virtually eliminated.

Everyone in our family loves bell pepper, so we plant it in decent quantities. We always bought ready-made seedlings, but last year they turned out to be not very good and became very ill, and it was decided to grow homemade peppers. Tell me how to plant pepper seedlings? Do I need to soak the seeds before sowing?

As is known, the pledge bountiful harvest- This strong seedlings. Pepper is no exception. This crop has a long growing season, so growing seedlings brings the time of fruiting closer. In addition, young bushes are demanding in terms of temperature and watering, and the seedling method allows seedlings to comfortable conditions, due to which they grow more developed and form more ovaries. To get high-quality and healthy plants, it is important to know how to plant correctly. The choice of sowing time, seed preparation, selection of nutritious soil - all these factors play a decisive role, so we will dwell on them in more detail today.

Sowing time

Pepper is a heat-loving crop, and in order to grow it in open ground, for seedlings in early spring. The exact time depends on climatic conditions, because by the time the bushes are planted in the ground, there should be a stable positive temperature and warm soil outside, namely:

in the south you can sow peppers as early as early February;
V middle lane It’s better to wait until the end of the month;
in northern latitudes it is not worth sowing at all earlier than the end of March.

Seed preparation

To speed up the germination of seeds, they must first be prepared. For this:

select the hollow seeds by soaking everything in salt water (the good ones will remain at the bottom, and those that float to the surface must be thrown away);
disinfect by soaking in a solution of potassium permanganate Pink colour within half an hour;
stimulate by soaking in Epin for 20 minutes.

It is better to germinate the treated seeds before sowing, since in a dry form it will take a long time to wait for the sprouts. This is not difficult to do: you need to place the seeds on a piece of fabric and cover the top with a second piece. The cloth should be sprayed periodically, and as soon as sprouts appear, plant immediately.

What soil do seedlings need?

Healthy pepper seedlings will grow only on fertile soil, which can provide the plants with the necessary nutrition. Such soil mixtures are sold in stores (the packaging should say “for seedlings”). You can also cook it yourself by mixing;

1 share of sand;
2 shares of peat;
3 shares of garden soil.

Homemade substrate must be disinfected by piercing it in the oven.

How to plant pepper seedlings?

Pepper is very freedom-loving, requires a lot of light and space and does not tolerate crowded plantings. In this regard, it is better to sow the seeds immediately in small separate cups, placing 1-2 seeds in each.

Maximum convenient option- or pots, it is also easy to grow seedlings in cassettes.

When sowing, there is no need to bury the seeds; it is enough to lightly sprinkle them with soil, otherwise the sprouts will delay their appearance for some time. Spray the planted peppers generously and build a shelter over the containers to create greenhouse conditions. After germination it can be removed. The seedlings should be periodically moistened (pepper loves moisture) and kept in a bright place, providing additional lighting if necessary so that it does not stretch.