Vegetative propagation of lilies. How to propagate lilies: methods and tips

Many flower beds in our country are decorated with all sorts of varieties of lilies, which perfectly complement the garden landscape and look advantageous not only in group plantings, but also when planted individually. Garden lilies can be propagated both by seeds and vegetatively, and in order to make a choice in favor of one method or another, you should know their technology.

Reproduction of lilies by bulblets

Usually, Lily propagation by bulbs occurs by self-sowing. This method is the most convenient and easiest in home gardening conditions. Only bulbous varieties, which are most often found in the group of Asian hybrids, can be propagated in this way.

On the so-called “babies” suitable for planting, leaves appear and an aerial root system is formed, after which the bulbs are ready to be separated from the parent plant and planted in a separate place according to the following technology:

• for planting, you should prepare a special container with high-quality drainage holes at the bottom;
• the landing container must be filled with nutrient soil mixture With low level acidity;
• fully matured “babies” or bulbs are easily separated from the stem part, but they should be collected before they begin to fall off from the adult plant;
• It is advisable to sort the collected bulbs by size and then plant them to a depth of 3 cm with a distance of at least 4 cm from each other.

Bulbs should be grown in pots until spring, when the young plants are suitable for planting permanent place V open ground. Lilies propagated by children enter the flowering stage approximately in the third or fourth year after planting.

How to propagate lilies by scales (video)

Lily propagation by leaf

However, the method is not too complicated and shows a fairly high survival rate planting material. The technique is optimal for tiger and snow-white lilies, as well as Thunberg and royal lilies. A good result is observed with this propagation of the Maksimovich lily, as well as the sulfur and long-flowered lilies.

The leaf propagation technology is as follows:

• at the stage of active budding, but before flowering, you should carefully tear off the leaves from the base;
• the landing container must have high-quality drainage holes;
• a layer of drainage should be poured onto the bottom of the planting container, and then about 5-7 cm of nutritious soil substrate and about 4 cm of coarse sand;
• lily leaves go deep into the moist soil by about ½ of the total length, with a slight slope;
• plantings should be provided optimal microclimate, covering them with polyethylene.

Further care of the plantings consists of regular ventilation and ensuring sufficient soil moisture. With proper care, bulbs form fairly quickly at the base of the leaves. IN spring period young plants can be transplanted to a permanent place in the ground.

Propagation of lilies by cuttings

• Using a clean and sharp pruning shears, cut off the stem part without damaging the bulb;
• treat a cut on a green cutting with a solution of potassium permanganate;
• immerse the cuttings in a growth stimulator for some time;
• prepare planting boxes with drainage holes and fill them with vermiculite or clean sifted sand;
• Plant the prepared green lily cuttings, water them abundantly and cover the plantings with plastic wrap.

IN summer period It is permissible to plant cuttings directly in open ground, where the plantings also need to be protected with polyethylene. With proper care, after about three to four weeks, baby bulbs form in the soil, which are recommended to be separated and planted for the purpose of growing.

Lily propagation by bulbs

The advantage of this method is that all varieties and types of lilies are propagated by bulbs. This method is practiced in home gardening quite often, however, according to experienced amateur gardeners, the disadvantages of this type of propagation include a fairly low survival rate decorative culture.

As a rule, propagation by bulbs is carried out in autumn period, But If necessary, the event can be held in the spring, observing the following technology:

• when propagating lilies in the spring, you should choose plants whose height does not exceed 8-10 cm, which guarantees a higher percentage of crop survival;
• It is recommended to plant the bulbs immediately after digging, until the root system of the planting material has dried out;
• If it is not possible to plant in a timely manner, it is advisable to temporarily bury the planting material in moistened peat or sand.

Plants obtained from the largest bulbs are able to bloom directly in the year of replanting, which is due to the presence of already established flower buds. Specimens grown from too small planting material will bloom only next year. Approximately in the third or fourth year after planting, entire “nests” of several bulbs will form in the ground, suitable for division and planting. To find out the number of bulbs formed and suitable for planting, it is enough to count the formed stems.

Propagation of lilies by seeds

If methods of lily propagation, such as dividing a nest of bulbs, using baby bulbs, planting stem bulbs, rooting scales, as well as planting stem and leaf cuttings, are very simple to perform and are quite suitable even for novice amateur gardeners, then seed propagation is quite complex event and requires certain knowledge. In addition, it should be remembered that Lily seeds lose their viability very quickly, therefore, they must be sown no later than next year after the collection.

Technology seed propagation lilies are as follows:

• before sowing it is recommended to carry out treatment seed material in a 1-2% solution of hydrogen peroxide or a 0.04% solution of zinc sulfate, which improves germination and minimizes the risk of bacterial infection;
• sowing treated seeds in order to obtain the maximum strong seedlings should be carried out in the last ten days of February or early March;
• planting containers must be filled with a disinfected mixture of sheet soil and coarse sand;
• good result allows the use of soil substrate from garden soil with the addition of peat, humus and coarse sand;
• sowing of seeds is carried out with a depth of no more than 50 mm;
• It is advisable to cover the crops with polyethylene, which will speed up the emergence of seedlings and make them more friendly.

After seedlings emerge, they are provided with diffused lighting and temperature regime at 16-20°C. Watering is carried out systematically to prevent the soil from drying out. After a couple of leaves appear, the seedlings should be planted into separate planting containers. Transplantation to a permanent location in open ground flower beds is carried out in the last ten days of May or early June.

Lilies: methods of propagation (video)

When planting young plants, it is recommended to maintain a distance of 0.3-0.4 m between them. Further provision of proper care allows you to grow healthy and strong plants that can last for a long time. for long years delight with lush and long-lasting flowering.

Many novice gardeners like lilies and dream of planting a flower garden on their property, where these will be among other plants. To grow from year to year beautiful flowers favorite varieties, you need to know how they reproduce. Let's look at 3 ways to grow lilies in the article.

Even a novice gardener will quickly understand how and how lilies reproduce. The main thing is to collect seed material, store it as long as necessary and grow it at a certain time.

About the methods

These flowers can be propagated in these ways:

• Divide the nests of the bulbs;
• Take baby bulbs;
• Grow from scales;
• Take the bulbs growing on the stems;
• Take cuttings: leaves or stems.

Now we can consider the nuances of different methods of reproduction. All methods are good and from seed material beautiful lilies grow.

Breeding using scales

This great way, which allows you to take enough scales from 2-3 lily bushes to plant the entire flowerbed in the future. Taking scales from an onion is simple, but there are some nuances here too.

The scales can be taken for sowing both in spring and autumn. The owner himself decides when he will breed lilies.

"Important! You cannot remove more than 50% of the scales from 1 onion, otherwise it will not be able to grow in the ground, it will freeze and rot.”

The scales removed in the spring are immediately planted in fairly warm soil. Those that are separated in the fall are processed in a special way and stored in a cool place until May. In May, scales should be planted next to each other in 5 or 6 cm increments, with 20 to 25 cm between rows.

They are deepened into the ground by 2/3 of their size. Now mulch is laid on the surface. She must be from natural materials: wilted leaves, sawdust, hay or straw, bark.

Planted scales need to be watered regularly when they grow up, and weeds should be weeded between them and between the rows. It is important to thoroughly loosen the soil and add organic and mineral fertilizers to it.

The easiest way for beginners is to watch the video instructions and they will understand how lilies reproduce by scales. It shows how seed material is collected and then used to propagate flowers.

The video shows how lilies reproduce by scales:

Breeding using bulbs

Just propagate lilies in bulbs. Here, too, you need to follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners and there will be no problems when growing flowers.

Nuances

Asian hybrids have bulbs on their stems. They can be picked and used as seed.

There are more or less of them and they are different in size. Why is that? It depends on the variety of lilies, how old the flowers are, in what climatic zone they grow, how did you care for the plants?

If the care of the flower is excellent, then even when the bulbs are growing on the stem, they sprout roots. It is not difficult to grow them in water and you can plant them.

Instruction

In order not to confuse anything, a beginner should follow a step-by-step clear instructions. Experienced gardeners know these nuances and adhere to the recommendations of specialists.

If a gardener wants to propagate lilies using bulbs, he should proceed as follows:

1. The lily will bloom and drop bulbs. They need to be collected in a plastic bag.
2. The packaged seed is placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. Where they keep vegetables. Soon their roots will sprout and they will be ready for sowing.
3. You need to select a bed and plant bulbs there to get seedlings.
4. It is best when the soil is light and saturated with microelements.
5. Furrows are made and bulbs are stuck there 2 or 3 cm deep. They deviate from each other by 5 or 6 cm.

Caring for bulbs is similar to caring for flower bulbs. These lilies can be planted in the general flower garden next spring.

The video explains how to successfully propagate lilies with bulblets:

Propagation using cuttings

Among gardeners, propagation of lilies by cuttings is encouraged. The first 2 methods are the simplest, but here you need to have knowledge of botany and understand what characteristics a lily has.

Nuances

Both leaves and parts of stems are suitable for cuttings. It is best to propagate the plant with stems when buds have formed on the mother lily, and use the leaves when the plant is about to bloom.

The stems need to be cut into 5 or maximum 7 cuttings. Everyone should have leaves. The lower ones can be removed, but the upper ones must be left.

Briefing

Before replanting, cut the cuttings and proceed as follows:

1. The flower shop buys a suitable growth stimulant. They dilute it in water and keep the stems or leaves there for 6 to 12 hours.
2. The soil for cuttings needs to be fertile and loose so that water can pass through it quickly. It is best when the soil contains peat.
3. Cuttings should be planted at an angle and buried 50% in the ground.
4. Now the plant is watered abundantly and covered with polyethylene or glass of a suitable size.
5. The premises in which cuttings are germinated must be ventilated daily. The owner is looking at the films or glass to see if they have fogged up? It wipes away foggy ones from moisture and keeps them clean.
6. Bulbs may grow on the stems where the leaves grow. They are torn off and placed in separate containers. They will grow there and can also be planted in open soil in the spring.

Cuttings taken from stems can be planted directly into the ground. This is done in a greenhouse. From a lily bush, when they are dug up in the spring, the stem is torn off from the bulb. It needs to be cut into cuttings and planted in a designated area of ​​the greenhouse.

"Advice! A bulb will grow on a stem that is in the ground. It is dug up and planted in excellent weather outside. The planting site is watered abundantly, weeded in advance, and later fertilized.”

Now even a novice gardener understands how to grow lilies from: scales, bulbs, cuttings taken from stems and leaves, from bulbs. The methods of growing and caring for lilies are simple, and the flowers delight owners with their beauty for many years.

Can be used to propagate lilies following methods: seed; division of the mother bulb; bulbs - children formed both at the base of the bulbs and at the base of the underground part of the stem; scales; bulblets developing at the base of stem leaves; leaves. Species and hybrids that produce fairly constant offspring are propagated by seed. In any of the ways vegetative propagation the most uniform planting material is obtained.

Propagation of lilies by seeds

The fastest growing species are propagated by seeds, forming a significant number of seeds with high germination energy during natural pollination of flowers. There are up to 400 seeds in a regale lily box, and up to 700 seeds in a golden lily box. However, there are many lilies in which full-fledged seeds with good germination energy develop only with artificial pollination with pollen from other specimens (white, long-flowered, luxurious, Hansen lilies).

In the conditions of the central regions of the Non-Chernozem Zone, full-fledged seeds with good germination energy are formed by calloused, saffron, Dahurian, drooping, Kesselring, Martagon, monofraternal, pompom, monochromatic, Pyrenean, Regale, Shovitz, narrow-leaved, Wilmott, Maksimovich, coral, all types and tubular varieties, Philippine.

The depth of sowing in boxes and greenhouses should not exceed 1 cm. Sowing in a greenhouse in February - March. The crops are covered with film. At early stages By sowing seeds of trumpet lilies and their hybrids, as well as Wilmott, drooping, single-flowered, and narrow-leaved lilies in the greenhouse, larger bulbs are formed by autumn.

The most favorable temperature regimes for seed germination range from 22 to 24°C. When roots appear (the seeds have just sprouted), the temperature in the cultivation room is reduced to 15°C. During the active growth of the first leaf, the temperature is increased to 18 – 20°C. 20 - 25 days after sowing, with the appearance of the first true leaf, the seedlings are dived into boxes (their depth is at least 10 cm), trying not to damage them. root system. Monitor moisture, avoiding excessive moisture, which leads to lodging and disease of seedlings.

In the second ten days of April, boxes with seedlings are taken out to greenhouses. If the seedlings develop poorly, the boxes with them are buried in the ridges and left until next year, covered for the winter. Well-developing seedlings from the second half of May - June are planted in greenhouses or on prepared nursery beds, always protected from direct rays of the sun. Water regularly from fine sprinklers. Once a week, crops are sprayed with a 0.15% solution of potassium permanganate.

Seedlings of fast-growing lilies are planted in a permanent place 1 - 1.5 years after sowing, slow-growing ones - no earlier than 2 - 2.5 years. Often such slow-growing species as Martagon, Caucasian and American species, bloom in the 4th – 5th year after germination. Most lilies bloom in the 2nd – 3rd year after sowing.

Young plants develop better in light shade. The bulb grows more intensively short day. However, angustifolia and Tibetan lilies bloom well only in open sunny places.

Reproduction of lilies by scales

This method allows you to get from 15 to 150 new plants from a well-grown bulb. Best term scale compartments - early spring or end of summer. The scales are separated carefully so as not to cause mechanical damage. In the most valuable poorly propagated varieties, the bulbs are not dug up, but only exposed, separating a small amount of scales on the spot. The separated scales are washed in a 0.15% solution of potassium permanganate and then dried. Lilies are propagated in this way using mature, proven, most powerfully developed plants. Separated from the mother bulb greatest number scales and then it is planted again in the ground. Collected scales of one variety or species in the central regions of the Non-Chernozem Zone are planted in deep (up to 15 cm) boxes. At the bottom of the boxes pour coarse river sand or gravel with a layer of 4 - 5 cm, then a layer of 7 - 8 cm of fertile mixture, as when sowing seeds, and on top of it river sand with a layer of 3 - 4 cm. The distance between the rows when planting scales (depending on their size and species features) 2 – 3 cm, in a row up to 1 cm. The scales are immersed to a depth equal to 2/3 of their length. Covering the crop with moss not only accelerates the development of young bulbs, but also increases their number.

The boxes are placed on racks in the greenhouse, where they are supported high temperature(27 – 29°C) and constant humidity, covering the boxes with film. At the same time, they are shaded from the bright rays of the sun. At the base of each scale, 1 - 2 baby bulbs are formed. The articulated scales of Daurian and Humboldt lilies can develop and larger number kids. Immediately after the bulbs form, they develop roots, and later a leaf appears. From this moment on, the young plants grow intensively. When the second leaf develops, the baby bulbs are separated from the scales and planted, which usually happens 50–60 days after planting the scales. The largest, well-preserved scales of valuable varieties and species can be replanted in boxes to produce new baby bulbs.

The separated bulbs are planted on nursery beds in the same way as bulbs grown from seeds. The ridges are insulated for the winter. The most valuable ones are placed in greenhouses.

For large volumes of work, often when the scales are separated in the spring, after drying, they are placed in plastic bags and transferred to a room with a temperature of 18–24°C. They are mixed regularly, removing diseased and severely dried out ones. After 35–45 days, baby bulbs form at the base and are planted in boxes or soil. More often in the spring, scales are planted after separation and preparation on special beds. After planting, the ridges are watered abundantly and mulched with sphagnum peat or moss. During the autumn separation, the scales are mixed with river sand (1:5), crushed charcoal and stored in storage at a temperature of 0 – 4°C. At the end of January they are placed in boxes and exposed to light.

They are planted on nursery beds in early May, carefully monitoring moisture. On the hottest days they provide shade. At good care and fertilizing, mass flowering occurs in the third year. It is better to remove the flowers or cut them short. After flowering, the bulbs grow to standard size and are ready for planting in a permanent place. When the scales of a white lily are separated in August, they are distributed into boxes, which are placed in a shaded place and kept without watering until autumn cold. Then the boxes are put into storage and stored at a temperature of 0 - 4°C. In spring, scales are planted in a greenhouse or on nursery beds, mulching them. Flowering of plants occurs in the third year.

Propagation of lilies by dividing bulbs

Like many representatives of bulbous and corm plants flower crops of the lily family, and in many species of lilies, the mother bulb grows, dividing into daughter bulbs. By the time the stem dies between the scales, 1 to 3 (sometimes more) renewal buds are fully formed and differentiated. In the spring of next year, plants with an independent root system develop from them, forming a so-called nest of bulbs. Each such plant can be separated and replanted, since, developing together, the plants begin to crowd one another and inhibit the growth of weaker ones. Typically, division of lilies begins when 4–6 daughter bulbs are formed in the nest. In rapidly growing species this occurs after two, more often after three seasons. In weakly growing species and their hybrids, division begins after 4–5 growing seasons. Species that are difficult to tolerate transplantation are also transplanted less frequently. The dug nests are freed from soil residues and care is taken not to damage the perennial sub-bulb roots, as well as the daughter bulbs themselves. In the conditions of the central regions of the Non-Chernozem Zone, the optimal period for dividing the bulbs is the second half of August - September, in more southern regions - the end of September - October.

Reproduction of lilies by bulblets

Such types of lilies as tiger, bulbous, Sargent, sulphurous, thousand-leaved, and their hybrids form from 1 to 3 aerial bulbs in the axils of the stem leaves, in practice called bulbs. The formation of these air bulbs can often be induced artificially. During the phenophase of budding, the buds are removed, and the stem is bent to the soil and hilled (white lilies, long-flowered lilies, umbrella lilies, Tubergena lilies, Formosan lilies, saffron lilies). White lily forms bulbs along the entire stem when the plant is transplanted with a lump of soil into the budding phenophase. The bulbs develop larger when the buds are removed. 3 - 4 weeks after flowering (late July - August), the bulbs begin to easily separate from the stem and may fall off. Without waiting for this, they are collected, sorted by size and planted on prepared beds to a depth of 5–6 cm. Each species or hybrid is marked with a separate label. Then the ridges are mulched with peat and, if necessary, insulated for the winter.

Propagation of lilies by leaves

If there is a lack of planting material, such types of lilies as white, long-flowered, regale, sulphurous, tiger, and some others are propagated by leaves. Leaves from the top of the stem take root better. Cuttings begin in the third decade of July. In boxes 10 cm deep, pour a fertile mixture (as when sowing seeds) in a layer of 5 - 6 cm, then river sand in a layer of 3 - 4 cm. In the greenhouse, the soil is leveled and sand is poured on top in a layer of 3 - 4 cm. After this, the boxes and the greenhouse are watered. The leaves are immersed half their length in the sand obliquely. After planting, water or spray with water. On hot days, shade and ensure uniform moisture, avoiding drying out or excess moisture. At the base of the leaf, 1 - 2 baby bulbs are formed, roots and leaves develop.

For the winter, boxes with plants are buried in the ridges and when negative temperatures insulate them.

The need to replant lilies depends on the variety, the “age” of the plant and its flowering period. But for everything rich species diversity these flowers are general recommendations to care for and maintain them in a healthy condition.

The genus Lily includes more than 110 species perennial plants, distributed mainly in Europe and Asia. In our gardens, lilies are loved for their variety of colors and flower shapes. As a rule, lilies develop well on light soil, with a small admixture of sand. They grow in one place for up to 5 years, and then the bulbs grow into colonies, become smaller, and the plants bloom worse. This is why lilies need regular division and replanting.

Five years after planting, lily flowers turn pale and droop

When to replant lilies

The most optimal time for planting and replanting lilies in the garden middle zone– August-September, in the southern regions – until mid-October. In any case, the lilies need to be “disturbed” after flowering (that’s why September is considered the ideal month for replanting).

Immediately after flowering, the lilies need to pick off the flowers so that the plants do not waste nutrients for seed formation

Is it possible to replant lilies in summer (July)

In July, only certain varieties with a special vegetative cycle can be replanted. These are mainly Candidums, which have a dormant period in July-August, so it is better to replant them during these months. Asian hybrids can easily tolerate transplantation at any time of the year. The main thing when replanting in summer is not to damage the roots.

If the lilies have bloomed early, they can be replanted in the summer

Is it possible to replant lilies during flowering?

In most cases, this is a risky undertaking that harms the plant. It is believed that during flowering only Asiatic lilies can be replanted, which bloom early and are generally considered one of the hardiest. In particular, during flowering, varieties can be replanted Aelita, Yeti, Lady Jane, Iowa Rose,Montreux, Pearl Jennifer, Pearl Justin, Red Velvet, Pink haze, Sweet Sarrender, White Twinkle.

How often should lilies be replanted?

For the full development of lilies, they need to be dug up and replanted every 3-4 years. Asian varieties and trumpet lilies (cultivars In memory of Zalivsky,Lorina, Pink Perfection, Snow Queen etc.) you need to change your “place of residence” every year.

Lilies can also be planted near the southern walls

Lilies should be replanted to a new one, sunny place without stagnant water. They will also grow in partial shade, but with paler flowers.

Reproduction of lilies by division and children

Lilies can be propagated in several ways. The simplest and most popular is dividing bulb nests. This method is based on the natural development of lilies, in which an adult “mother” bulb annually produces daughter bulbs with new roots and stems. They are used to grow new plants.

The bulbous nest begins to be divided 3-4 years after planting, when at least 4-6 bulbs have formed on it. Optimal time for work begins a month after flowering. If you start dividing earlier, when the bulbs are weakened, have lost weight and are wilted, the plants may not take root.

How to propagate bulbs correctly division:

• Carefully dig up a mature bush without damaging the bulbs and perennial roots. If you seriously damage the root system, the transplanted lilies may not bloom next year;

• Place the bulb nest on the ground and separate the daughter bulbs and small children. You should have 2-3 large fused bulbs left in your hands, from which the stems stretch upward. There should be as many bulbs as there are stems;

• trim the lily stems, leaving small stubs. Clear the roots from the soil and carefully divide the nest into individual bulbs. This can be done by hand, without special tools;

• inspect each lily to see if there are any signs of damage, rot, disease or dark areas. Healthy bulbs have white scales with a pinkish tint, without any spots;

This is what damaged lily bulbs look like

• using pruning shears, remove dead and rotten roots, and cut healthy ones to 15-20 cm;

• Sort the planting material and select bulbs of approximately the same size. Place the bulbs intended for planting in a dark place and cover with a damp cloth, which should be regularly moistened with water;
• do not rush to throw away the bulbs rejected for “clean” planting. Try pickling them in a 0.2-0.4% solution of Maxim for several hours, then dry them and plant them separately from the rest;

• Plant the bulbs on a favorable day, focusing on the lunar calendar.

Reproduction of lilies by children

When digging up lilies, you may find small bulbs, 1 cm in diameter, that form at the base of the stems. During the season, up to 10 such babies are formed in the underground part. Over time, if they are not removed, they grow and form a bulbous nest with a “mother” bulb.

There are two ways to separate the babies from the mother bulb:

• when digging and dividing nests in September;
• scraping the soil from the base of the roots and sifting it.

Children are planted in shkolki - pre-prepared beds with fertile soil, protected from wind, rain and snow. They are planted at a distance of 10-12 cm from each other to a depth of 4-5 cm.

Children planted in September will produce stems up to 25 cm high by the next season, but will not be able to bloom. After the second winter, 1-2 buds may appear on the plant; they should be removed so that the plant gets stronger. The lily blooms in full force only in the third year.

Reproduction by children can also be carried out in April-May. They should be stored in the cellar or refrigerator until spring.

If you are interested this method reproduction of lilies, then know that the formation of children can be stimulated. To do this, separate the flowering stems and bury them in sand or light soil, leaving only the top on the surface. Remove leaves and buds. By autumn, baby bulbs will appear in the axils of the leaves of the buried stem.

Reproduction of lilies by scales

This method allows you to obtain the largest amount of planting material. Up to 20 scales are obtained from one bulb, and on each of them up to 2-5 bulbs are formed for reproduction.

You can prepare planting material all year round, but it is best to do this in early May.

There are two known methods of propagating lilies by scales.

The first method is by digging up bulbs. Wash the bulbs removed from the ground and carefully separate the scales from the base. If you want to save for further reproduction the bulb itself, then leave at least half of the scales on the bottom. For propagation, select only the healthiest and cleanest scales:

• rinse them thoroughly with water;
• immerse for 20 minutes in a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate;
• treat with a growth stimulator (Kornevin, Epin);
• place the bulb scales in a bag with damp sawdust or moss and tie it;
• hide the package in a warm and dark place;
• after 6-8 weeks, small bulbs form at the base of the scales, which need to be separated and planted in open ground or boxes.

The second method is without digging up the bulbs. Using this method Carefully scrape the soil away from the plant without disturbing the roots. Then carefully separate the scales from the base of the bulbs. To disinfect, rinse the material for 20 minutes in a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate and treat with a growth regulator. Then roll the scales in crushed charcoal and place in a clean plastic bag with a mixture of calcined sand and peat. Tie the air-filled bag and place in a dark place at room temperature. After 6-8 weeks, bulbs with roots appear on the scales, which are planted in a school for growing.

Propagation of lilies by cuttings

It's quite original and non-standard way, proving that lilies can be propagated using any of their parts. In particular, they choose leaves with parts of the stem, sections of the stem with a dormant bud, and simply individual leaves. General principle reproduction looks like this:

• cuttings for planting are selected after flowering. However, for better rooting, you can take cuttings and leaves during the budding period;
• the upper part of the massive stem is divided into equal parts with 5-7 leaves;
• everything on every section lower leaves remove, leaving only 2-3 top leaves;
• prepared leaves and cuttings are kept in any growth stimulator for 8-12 hours;
• plant the planting material in a fertile substrate with good drainage;
• deepen the cuttings and leaves to half their length, placing them at a slight angle (45-60 degrees);
• then the cuttings are watered and covered with cellophane film or glass jars;
• The plantings are ventilated daily by removing the cover for 30-40 minutes. Each time, turn the bag inside out or replace it with a new one. The jar is wiped dry daily;
• After 1-2 months, baby bulbs will appear on the areas of leaves and stems located in the ground, which take root and sprout leaves. They can be separated and transplanted into separate containers for growing;
• In spring, young bulbs appear on the stems and leaves, which can be planted in open ground.

Reproduction of lilies by bulblets

Lilies can also be propagated by “half-bulbs” - the so-called bulbs. This is the safest growing method for the plant. Bulbs form in the axils of the leaves and on the stem during flowering. Sometimes their number can reach several dozen, but they are formed only on certain varieties of lilies (they are also called “bulbiferous”), such as Aelita, Kalinka, Pink haze. It is quite simple to determine that the bulb is ready for transplantation - it is easily separated from the stem, and small roots and leaves are already noticeable on it.

The bulbs must be collected almost immediately after flowering, since they then fall off, germinate and begin to clog the flower garden. This usually happens in August-September, so they can be planted almost immediately. If you want to plant bulbs in the spring, then hide them in the refrigerator, sprinkle them with dry sand or sawdust, and store them at a temperature of 3-5°C.

Before autumn planting It is also advisable to stratify lily bulbs in the refrigerator for 3-4 weeks at a temperature of 3-4°C.

Sprouted bulblets can be sown immediately in open ground or in containers to a depth of 2-3 cm, maintaining a distance of 4-5 cm between them. Planted bulblets must be watered and mulched with peat chips or leaf humus. A high-quality substrate is prepared from coconut fiber, vermicompost and washed coarse sand. To do this, mix 2 parts of vermicompost with 4 parts of coconut fiber and 1 part of sand.

For the winter, it is advisable to cover the bulbs with spruce branches or straw. Although there are cases where they have endured frosts down to -30°C without any shelter, it is better to be safe.

Lily seedlings appear the following spring. Young plants are still very vulnerable, and they need to be regularly watered, weeded, and fed (for example, with ammonium nitrate or urea at the rate of 2 tablespoons per 1 sq.m. area).

Flowering occurs the next year, but it is better to remove the buds - let the one-year-old plants get stronger. But in the third year the flowers will bloom in full force and delight the eye with bright colors.

What stimulates bulb growth:

• most often, bulbs appear on young lilies;
• compliance with agricultural technology and proper care promote the formation of air bulbs;
• damp summer favors the growth of bulblets;
• removal of buds (decapitation) provokes the growth of buds in the axils of the stem and leaves;

Propagation of lilies by seeds

This method can only be considered experimental. Flowering in this case occurs only in 5-7 years, while the plants may not survive, and they inherit varietal characteristics only to a small extent. The general landing algorithm looks like this:

• Sow seeds in containers with drainage in February-March. Prepare the substrate from a mixture of leaf and turf land, humus and coarse sand in a ratio of 1:1:1:0.5;
• use a 3-5 cm layer of expanded clay or gravel as drainage;
• after 15-20 days the first shoots appear;
• in the phase of one true leaf, pick up the seedlings into large containers according to a 5x5 cm pattern;
• Until winter, keep the pots in a warm place at room temperature, periodically watering and loosening the soil;
• For the winter, place the box in a cellar with a temperature of 4-6°C, and in the spring, transplant the seedlings to a permanent place.

Planting lilies in open ground (rules and planting scheme)

Before planting seedlings in open ground, carefully select a place for their cultivation. It should be sunny (in the worst case, located in partial shade) and protected from the wind. Dig up the soil and remove any remaining roots from other plants. If necessary, get rid of weeds and too tall, but already faded and old plants. Otherwise, they will create a shadow that will prevent the lilies from growing.

Algorithm for planting lilies in open ground:

• before planting, dip each bulb in a 0.2% solution of Fundazol for 20 minutes, and then in a growth stimulator for 45-60 minutes;
• remove dead scales and shorten the roots to 5 cm;
• for each plant, dig a hole whose depth is equal to three times the diameter of the bulb;
• The planting interval also depends on the variety and amount of planting material. Between the lilies low-growing varieties leave a margin of 15-20 cm, and between tall ones - 25-30 cm.

But what happens to bulbs planted shallowly is that stem roots appear on them.

Lilies can be planted according to one of three schemes:

• one-line (tape)– maintain a distance between lilies of 5-15 cm in one row and 50 cm between “lines”;
• two-line (for medium-sized lilies)– leave 15-25 cm between the bulbs, 25 cm between the lines, and 70 cm between adjacent ribbons (consisting of two lines);
• three-line (for low-growing lilies)– between bulbs 10-15 cm, between lines – 25 cm, between ribbons – 70 cm.

What to plant next to lilies

The following plants go best with lilies:

The selected neighboring plant in any case should belong to low or medium-sized varieties.

The best varieties of lilies

Known great amount varieties of lilies and determining which ones are the best in all respects is not easy. We will highlight only some of the most popular and well-known varieties.

Anastasia(Anastasia) - a hybrid variety of lilies with soft pink petals and curled, wavy edges. In cold weather, the flowers become even brighter. Plant height – 90-120 cm.

Black beauty (Black Beauty)– the flowers of these unusual lilies always seem to droop. More than a dozen flowers bloom on each inflorescence. It is enough to cut just one branch to get a luxurious bouquet. The variety is hybrid, winter-hardy, the stems grow up to 190 cm.

Citronella(Citronella)– a bright yellow beauty from the group of tiger lilies will decorate any garden. The petals are strewn with cherry specks. Blooms Citronella, unfortunately, not for long, but it exudes pleasant aroma and is very resistant to various adverse conditions.

Excelsior(Excelsior)- an oriental hybrid with massive flowers with a diameter of 20 cm, which have a very strong spicy aroma. Suitable for planting in shaded areas and requires shelter only during the first wintering.

Golden Stone(Golden Stone)– when choosing this variety, remember that the plant has virtually no odor. The flowers are lemon yellow with dense cherry specks. The stem rises to a height of 110 cm.

Scheherazade(Scheherazade)– this flower seems to have come down to us from the Persian carpet from the fairy tales “A Thousand and One Nights”. Variegated flowers of amazing color appear on the stems in the second half of summer. Height hybrid plants reaches 120-180 cm.

Sophie(Sophie)– the wine-red flowers of this variety with a yellow border are directed straight upward. They have a very strong aroma and grow to almost 180 cm. Lily is resistant to fungal diseases and cold weather.

Top Gun(Top Gun)- such a warlike name is worn by a subtle and fragrant flower with light purple pink petals and elegant flecks. It is suitable for both single and group plantings.

Two Some (Tu Sam)– rich dark orange flowers with dark burgundy spots amaze with their brightness. They will fit well into the design of any garden, although they do not smell at all.

White Pixels (White Pixels)– beauty, grace and impeccability are perfectly combined in one plant. This lily blooms for a very long time, it is unpretentious and frost-resistant. The height of the stem reaches 110 cm.

Thanks to timely transplantation, you can keep lilies healthy and attractive for a long time. A signal that the plant should be rejuvenated should be a reduction in the number of peduncles and a decrease in the size of the flowers. Don’t delay dividing and replanting, and then you won’t have problems with lilies.