How to count cubes of wood. How to correctly calculate the cubic capacity of an unedged board? Unedged materials - what are they?

Please indicate dimensions in millimeters

W- board width
H- board thickness
L- board length

Initial data
N- quantity in pieces
E- quantity in cubic meters
Many people, when building a house or bathhouse, are faced with the need to calculate how much lumber is needed for the job. It’s easy to determine how many boards or timber you need. But the price of lumber is usually indicated per cubic meter, and in this case it will be more convenient to use for calculations special program. Using our website, knowing the length, width and thickness of the board, as well as their number in pieces, you can calculate how many cubic meters of lumber you will need and how much one cubic meter or one board will cost.

Scope of application

Lumber is so called because it is obtained by sawing the trunk of a tree. Lumber is used for construction, making furniture, various containers and other products. Today this view building materials is the most popular. The wood from which lumber is made is excellent heat-insulating material, maintains stable humidity and does not require special treatment or maintenance, which makes it especially convenient.

Types of lumber

Lumber includes timber, edged boards, unedged boards, and construction slats. A beam is a log processed on all sides. When cut, it has a square or rectangular cross-section. Timber is most widely used in the construction of houses, bathhouses and floor structures.
Edged board is a universal lumber that is actively used in both construction work both outside the building and when decorating the interior space. The cross-section of an edged board is an elongated rectangle. An unedged board differs from an edged board in that its edges are not cut off, so that the layer of bark of the tree from which the board was cut remains visible. A construction lath or beam is a beam with a smaller cross-section than a regular one and is widely used in construction.
Lumber varies according to the type of wood it is made from. They are made from coniferous species trees such as pine, spruce and larch. And from hardwoods such as oak and beech, birch, and aspen.
Lumber is also classified by moisture content. They are divided into raw with a moisture level of more than 22 percent and dry with a moisture content below 22 percent. The former are used for construction work, and the latter for the manufacture of furniture.
There are also several types of lumber. The choice of variety depends on the scope of application. Thus, the highest quality materials are used for furniture. For joinery and moldings, grade 1 lumber is suitable, while grades 2 and 3 are used exclusively as construction boards. Lumber, if it is not used for a long time, must be protected from moisture. This may lead to their damage. It is not recommended to store lumber stacked on top of each other. There must be spacers between the layers of beams or boards.

Content:

The seller and buyer of timber pursue their own interests. In such a rather delicate matter, you need to have certain - simple - knowledge. Today everyone has a tool: a calculator on their phone.

What is a cubic meter of edged boards?

How many edged boards are in one cube - Photo

Edged board- lumber with cleanly cut edges, without bark residues. The width of the edged board is at least twice the thickness.

Since the fee is charged for volume in cubic meters, let us recall the geometric formula for its determination:

W * H * D = volume.

Everything is calculated in meters

To find out how many boards are in one cube:

1 / (W * H * D) = number of boards in 1m3 (cube)

Where, Sh- Width, IN- Height, D- Length

Translation: 1mm = 0.001m, 10mm = 0.01m, 100mm = 0.1m

Below is a table of some types of edged boards and their volume

Board dimensions	Volume of one board	Boards in 1m3 (cube)
20×100×6000	0.012 m³	83 pcs.
20×120×6000	0.0144 m³	69 pcs.
20×150×6000	0.018 m³	55 pcs.
20×180×6000	0.0216 m³	46 pcs.
20×200×6000	0.024 m³	41 pcs.
20×250×6000	0.03 m³	33 pcs.
25×100×6000	0.015 m³	67 pcs.
25×120×6000	0.018 m³	55 pcs.
25×150×6000	0.0225 m³	44 pcs.
25×180×6000	0.027 m³	37 pcs.
25×200×6000	0.03 m³	33 pcs.
25×250×6000	0.0375 m³	26 pcs.
30×100×6000	0.018 m³	55 pcs.
30×120×6000	0.0216 m³	46 pcs.
30×150×6000	0.027 m³	37 pcs.
30×180×6000	0.0324 m³	30 pcs.
30×200×6000	0.036 m³	27 pcs.
30×250×6000	0.045 m³	22 pcs.
32×100×6000	0.0192 m³	52 pcs.
32×120×6000	0.023 m³	43 pcs.
32×150×6000	0.0288 m³	34 pcs.
32×180×6000	0.0346 m³	28 pcs.
32×200×6000	0.0384 m³	26 pcs.
32×250×6000	0.048 m³	20 pcs.
40×100×6000	0.024 m³	41 pcs.
40×120×6000	0.0288 m³	34 pcs.
40×150×6000	0.036 m³	27 pcs.
40×180×6000	0.0432 m³	23 pcs.
40×200×6000	0.048 m³	20 pcs.
40×250×6000	0.06 m³	16 pcs.
50×100×6000	0.03 m³	33 pcs.
50×120×6000	0.036 m³	27 pcs.
50×150×6000	0.045 m³	22 pcs.
50×180×6000	0.054 m³	18 pcs.
50×200×6000	0.06 m³	16 pcs.
50×250×6000	0.075 m³	13 pcs.

When purchasing lumber in small quantities, you can get confused with decimal places, namely rounding. An experienced seller will round the resulting number to the 3rd decimal place. An experienced buyer will round by GOST y - up to 0.000001 cubic meters and will remind the seller that up to 0.001 cubic meters. meters are rounded only batch of boards. The most common quantity - from several boards to 2-4 cubic meters - is not made up into a batch. In order not to offend either one or the other, round to 4 decimal places.

Then the resulting volume is multiplied by the cost of 1 m3 (cube). And this is where the number of decimal places can significantly affect costs.

1 edged board 32 mm thick, 200 mm wide and 6 m long(32Х200Х6000) has volume

• 0.032 * 0.2 * 6 = 0.0384 cube

30 boards will have the volume

• 0.0384 * 30 = 1.152 cubes

If the seller rounds the volume of 1 board to 0.04 cubic meters, he will additionally receive income:

• 0.04 * 30 = 1.2 cubes
• 1.2 - 1.152 = 0.048 cubic meters

Selling these 0.048 "air" cubes makes it easier on the buyer's wallet

Cost may vary depending on the type of wood. The grade decreases with a decrease in quality: the presence of wood defects and deviations from standard sizes. If batten has a curvature, is narrower or thinner than the standard by 3-5 mm, it will not be completely useful. Visual inspection of lumber is as important as precise definition volume.

Covered area of ​​edged board

To find out how much lumber you need, calculating the board in a cube will help you. The above formula is based on the definition of area

W * D = area.

Having calculated the covered area, all that remains is to multiply it by required thickness boards

W * D * 0.022; 0.025; 0.032; 0.04 m and so on.

All that remains is to see how many boards there are in one cube and determine required quantity. Just in case, print or memorize the table above.

You also need to take into account the future cutting of the material.Flooring and lining boards have an overlapping tongue and groove, which is taken into account in cubic capacity, but is not included in the covered area. A couple of boards are needed have in reserve .

Determining the volume of an unedged board

How many unedged boards in one cubic meter- Photo

Unedged board, that is, not having rectangular section along the entire length, is significantly cheaper and is widely used for the device various kinds rough sheathing, temporary fencing.

It is important to understand that the upper and lower surfaces of such a board must be sawn along the entire length. If one face is not sawn, then it is already croaker. The definition of cubic capacity of such lumber differs precisely in that it does not have the correct geometric shape.

Current standards establish several ways to account for unedged material, and it is practically impossible to calculate exactly how many boards are in 1 cube.

1. Batch.
2. Piece by piece.
3. Sampling method.

In batch In this case, the boards are packed tightly into the bag correct form with further measurements. Further calculations are made using the standard formula for determining volume. Using different coefficients.

Piece measurement made using average measurements of height and width. The largest and smallest dimensions in meters are added and divided in half.

(Wmax + Wmin)/2 * (Bmax+ Bmin)/2 * D = volume, m3

Where, Sh- Width, IN- Height, D- Length

If it is visually clear that the wood is fresh and, accordingly, damp (humidity above 20%), then the seller is obliged to reduce overall volume multiplying the resulting cubic capacity by the coefficient:

• 0,96 for coniferous species
• 0,95 for deciduous.

Sampling method used to determine the volume of a large batch of unedged lumber. When loading, for example, into the body of a vehicle, every fifth, tenth or twentieth board is measured using the second method.

The resulting volume is multiplied by five, ten, twenty. Loading continues until the next control board. It is also practiced to select control boards into a separate stack. The count is made after loading is completed.

Calculating the volume of timber: how much timber is in a cube?

Calculation of the amount of timber in one cube - Photo

A timber differs from an edged board only in that all its edges or two opposite ones have the same size: more than 0.05 m in thickness and 0.013 m in width. The formula for determining its volume is standard

R timber size	Volume of one beam	Timber in 1m3 (cube)
100×100×6000	0.06 m³	16 pcs.
100×150×6000	0.09 m³	11 pcs.
150×150×6000	0.135 m³	7 pcs.
100×180×6000	0.108 m³	9 pcs.
150×180×6000	0.162 m³	6 pcs.
180×180×6000	0.1944 m³	5 pieces.
100×200×6000	0.12 m³	8 pcs.
150×200×6000	0.18 m³	5.5 pcs.
180×200×6000	0.216 m³	4.5 pcs.
200×200×6000	0.24 m³	4 things.
250×200×6000	0.3 m³	3 pcs.

W * T * D = timber volume, m3.

To find out how much timber is in one cube

1 / (W * T * D) = amount of timber in 1 m3 (cube)

Where, Sh- Width, T- thickness, D- Length

Translation: 1mm = 0.001m, 10mm=0.01m, 100mm=0.1m

When purchasing timber, the volume must be determined individually, since the timber in the stack is laid with spacers. Measurements of such a stack and calculation of cubic capacity using the given formula invariably lead to a significant overestimation of the volume.

Length of 1 cube of timber (as well as any edged lumber) in meters is determined by dividing the unit by thickness and width. For example, you need to find out how much timber is in one cube - the edge is 180 mm.

1 / (0.18 * 0.18) = 30 meters 87 cm.

1 meter of such timber will have the following volume.

0.18 * 0.18 * 1 = 0.0324 m3.

These calculations may be needed when determining the costs of funds and materials.

Volume of construction logs: how many logs are in one cube?

How many logs are in one cube: calculation - Photo

Log structures are and will be relevant. Determining the volume of a round material depends on the method of its production.

• Hand-barked construction logs.
• Construction logs, rounded on special machines.

The trunk section for manual trimming has a weak shape truncated cone, therefore the formula for the volume of a cylinder is applied, but with some features.

3.14 * r 2 * L = log volume, m3

Here
r- averaged radius, calculated as (r 1 +r 2)/2, r 1 - radius from one end of the log, r 2 - radius from the other end of the log.
L- log length.
3,14 - constant "Pi".

A rounded log naturally has a cylindrical shape and is calculated using the above formula. But here the radius is measured at any end once. Determining the number of logs in 1 cube is determined similarly to timber.

1 / (3.14 * r 2 * L) = Number of logs in 1m3 (cube)

Blanks for construction logs are measured in the same way.

The radius (diameter divided in half) is measured without taking into account the thickness of the tree bark. In practice, manual calculations are not carried out. They use special tables compiled in a cubic book. They are also available in electronic form.

In conclusion, it should be noted that lumber for critical work, standard in size, wood species and moisture content, should be purchased at large sites. Small producers, as a rule, are not allowed there due to the lack of appropriate control over the quality of their products.

One of the ways to make reasonable savings is to purchase building materials in the required quantities, no more and no less. A private developer knows well how many and what samples he needs to purchase to complete specific work. But the difficulty is that, with rare exceptions, boards are not sold individually - only in batches (packs). And no one buys several pieces for construction. How to determine how many m3 of wood to purchase?

How to choose lumber?

1. Understand the types of necessary blanks, based on the specifics of their further use. The product is classified as edged board, both floor and unedged. If both wood is needed, then the purchase volume will have to be calculated for each type of product separately.

2. Determine the required linear parameters of the products and convert them into one dimension. Since cubic capacity is m3, to make it easier to calculate later, length, width and thickness should be written down in meters.

During the construction process, boards of different lengths are required. If they differ greatly in this parameter, then it is worth calculating the cubic capacity for each group separately - this way you can reduce waste during cutting. It is advisable, before counting, to find out what length the products are sold on the building materials market. The fact is that each manufacturer may have its own standard sizes for them. It is by these values ​​that you should group the products, and then calculate how many and what kind of boards you will need. If you make a table for yourself and think everything through well, you will save a lot of money.

Features of calculating the volume of lumber

There are standard tables designed to determine the volume of various workpieces (logs, boards, timber). You can also calculate using calculators that are available on thematic sites. But in practice, in “field” conditions, you have to work in “manual” mode. That is, calculate the cubic capacity of the boards using only a tape measure, since in the market stacks are not laid exactly 1 m 3 in length.

1. Edged board.

Example (for those who forgot school).

• Let's calculate the approximate (since errors are inevitable when taking measurements) cubic capacity of a “magpie” 6 m long and 200 mm wide. We do the translation, it turns out: width – 0.2; thickness – 0.04 (m).
• Therefore, the cubic capacity of 1 edged board with the given parameters is 6 x 0.2 x 0.04 = 0.048 m 3. The technique is simple, the main thing is not to forget to convert all dimensions to “m”.
• If you need to calculate how many boards are in a “cube”, then this is done arithmetic operation– 1 m3 is divided by cubic capacity.
• In our example – 1/0.048 = 20.83. Round to the nearest whole number – 21 pieces.

2. Unedged products.

The side edges are not processed. Products are usually placed in packs in mixed grades. This means that the wood can be of different species, and the standard sizes (especially the width of the workpiece) may differ. Calculating the volume of the stack in this case is quite difficult. You should:

• Inspect the pack carefully. The task is to choose the 2 most even boards. Moreover, one is the narrowest, the other is the widest.
• Take all dimensions from each and calculate the average values ​​for length, width and thickness.

Example. The width of one piece is 15 cm, the other is 35. Fold and divide in half - (15 +35)/2 = 25 cm. For further calculations, convert to meters - 0.25. Other average linear parameters are determined using the same method.

What is special about calculations for non- edged lumber? They have uneven side faces. Consequently, due to the curvature, the fit of the samples to each other is not so tight. The result is gaps and voids. Therefore, a correction factor is taken, which largely depends on the humidity and type of wood. His minimum value– 0.62, maximum – 0.7.

In practice, the quality of materials is determined “by eye”, so the average correction is taken - 0.66. To get the final result, you need to multiply the resulting cubic capacity by the specified coefficient.

If you work with a large stack, the likelihood of errors in calculations increases sharply. In order not to overpay, it is advisable to store the boards in packs of 10 pieces. For each of them, measurements are taken with subsequent calculations of cubic capacity.

Using the same method, calculations are made for obapole (croaker). The only difference is the coefficient. Its value lies in the range of 0.48 – 0.74.

If there are no problems with determining weight and volume, for example, when purchasing liquids or bulk materials, then with timber the situation is the opposite. Here, the system for determining the volume of the required quantity of a given raw material raises a lot of questions, due to the fact that no one wants to pay extra money.

Instructions

1.

2. First, the measured batch of commercial slab should be sorted into 2 groups. One group consists of boards with a length of more than 2 m, the other - less than 2 m. Stacking is done with thick and thin ends alternately in different directions, while the surface of the slab remains at the bottom and at the top. The stack should be super-compact and tightly stacked at right angles and have an identical height.

4. The volume of lumber from coniferous and deciduous wood can be determined by two methods. The first method involves freezing the entire block or board, and then the volume, after which the results are summed up.

5.

6. Absolutely, it’s worth focusing separately on measuring the cubic capacity of a round forests. Here you have to measure each log separately - the length and width of the upper and lower ends. The special tables by which these calculations are made are called cubeturns, which were discussed above.

7. After the volume of the entire log has been measured individually, addition is performed and the total cubic capacity is obtained. Currently, a corresponding computer program already exists.

If there are no problems with determining weight and volume, for example, when purchasing liquids or bulk materials, then with timber the situation is the opposite. Here, the system for determining the volume of the required quantity of a given raw material raises a lot of questions, due to the fact that no one wants to pay extra money.

Instructions

1. It turns out that not all clients realize how many types of wood actually exist. And tea differs from each other in the degree of processing, type, grade, which directly affects its cost. Here's how to calculate the volume of slab - a very popular type of lumber.

2. First, the measured batch of commercial slab should be sorted into 2 groups. One group consists of boards with a length of more than 2 m, the other - less than 2 m. Stacking is done with thick and thin ends alternately in different directions, while the surface of the slab remains at the bottom and at the top. The stack should be super-compact and tightly stacked at right angles and have an identical height.

4. The volume of lumber from softwood and hardwood can be determined by two methods. The first method involves freezing each block or board, and then the volume, after which the results are summed up.

5. 2nd method - with the help of a cubeturner, a special table prepared for determining the volume of such lumber. Boards belonging to unedged lumber are measured in a slightly different way. In this case, the width of one-sided trim and unedged boards is calculated as half the sum of the upper and lower planes.

6. Undoubtedly, it is worthwhile to dwell separately on the measurement of cubic capacity round timber. Here you have to measure each log separately - the length and width of the upper and lower ends. The special tables by which these calculations are made are called cubeturns, which were discussed above.

7. After the volume of each log is measured separately, addition is performed and the total cubic capacity is obtained. Currently, a corresponding computer program already exists.

Video on the topic

16.06.2014 21:04

After all the ideas for implementing the construction of a house have been worked out and the final option for building a house from rounded logs has been selected, the question arises how much such a house will cost you. To determine cost of building a log house from rounded logs , you need to know how many cubes of logs are in this log house. In this article we will try to explain in detail how to calculate the cubic capacity for the construction of rounded logs.

Calculation of cubic capacity of rounded logs

The simplest way to calculate is using the formula - πr². H

Π — 3,14

r² — radius of a rounded log squared

N - length of rounded log

Substitute the data into the formula:

3.14 *(0.11 m)²* 6m= 0.228 m3

So, we got how many cubes are in one rounded log with a diameter of 220 mm. Next, you need to calculate the number of logs in your house and multiply the resulting amount by the cubic capacity of one log (0.228 m3). You can easily count the number of logs in a wall, but initially you need to determine for yourself how high the floor will be.

Calculating the cubic capacity of lumber is not an easy task, but necessary

It is also necessary to add 7% to the resulting height by shrinkage , if the log has natural moisture.

For example, the height of the first floor is 2.9 meters. The height of one log is 220 mm minus the lunar groove will be 190.5 mm. Next, we divide the floor height of 2.9 m by the thickness of the log without a groove - 0.19 m, having previously converted all the numbers into meters.

2.9: 0.19 = 15.26 pieces. We got required amount logs with a diameter of 220 mm in order to build a floor 2.9 meters high. You must not forget to add 7% for shrinkage of the house. In total you will get 16 crowns. Now, to find out the full volume of the floor of a 6x6 house, 16 crowns high, you need to perform the following calculation:

16 (crowns) * 4 (walls) * 0.228 (volume of one log) = 14.6 m3 of logs. Now, to find out the cost of a rounded log for the entire log house, you need to multiply the number of cubes obtained by the price of the log for one cube. The cost of one meter of cubic rounded log can be found Here .

To perform calculations for other log diameters, we offer you a number of pre-calculated tables, using which you will certainly find answers to your questions.

Article prepared by the company ASK Egida , which performs construction of log houses and provides wide range of construction services in the suburban housing construction market.

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Methodology for calculating the mass and volume of logging residues

One of the tasks when developing a draft technological regulation for the process of handling construction and demolition waste is to calculate the mass and volume of logging residues formed during the cutting down of green spaces (tree removal) in the construction or demolition zone.

The official methodology for calculating the mass and volume of logging residues for these purposes in Russian Federation No. The initial data for such calculations is information about the trees being cut down (species, height and thickness at a height of 1.3 m) and shrubs (young trees), given in the count sheet from the composition project documentation to the construction (demolition) site.

This article presents a method for calculating the mass and volume of logging residues developed in our company. As the basis for its development, tabular data from the All-Union standards for forest taxation, approved by Order of the USSR State Forestry Committee of February 28, 1989 No. 38, was used.

1) Data from Table 17 “Trunk volumes (in bark) in young trees by height and diameter at a height of 1.3 m” - to determine the volume of trunks of young growth and shrubs.

Cube for round logs

As a result of processing the given data to determine the average ratio between the diameter (D), height (h) and volume (V) of one trunk, the calculated shape coefficient (Kp from Table 1) was determined, which with an accuracy of +/- 10% allows you to determine the volume of the trunk by formula Vst=Кn*h*пD2/4.

2) Data from tables 18 and 19 “Volumes of trunks (in bark) of tree species by height and diameter at a height of 1.3 m with an average shape coefficient” - to determine the volume of trunks of various tree species. As a result of processing the given data to determine the average ratio between the diameter (D), height (h) and volume (Vst) of one trunk, calculated coefficients were determined for some of the tree species listed in the table, which with an accuracy of +/-10% allows us to determine the volume of the trunk according to the formula Vst=Кn*h*пD2/4. The calculated form factors are given in Table 1

3) Data from table 185 “Weight of 1 cubic meter. m and volume 1 t of wood different breeds" - to determine the mass of wood, the mass values ​​of one cubic meter of the corresponding wood species from the column “freshly cut” were used, or from the column “dry” - for dead wood.

4) Data from table 206 “Volume of bark, twigs, stumps and roots” to determine the volume of twigs and branches, as well as stumps and roots as a percentage of the volume of trunks. For the calculation, average values ​​from the interval given in the tables were used. The volume of twigs and branches is 7% of the volume of trunks, the volume of stumps and roots is 23% of the volume of trunks.

5) Data from Table 187 “Fully wooded brushwood and cottonwood coefficients” - to determine the folded volume of twigs and branches from the full wooded volume using a conversion factor of 10.

FKKO-2014 contains codes for the following waste:

1 52 110 01 21 5 Waste of twigs, branches, tips from logging

1 52 110 02 21 5 Stump uprooting waste

1 54 110 01 21 5 Low-value wood waste (brushwood, dead wood, trunk fragments).

Therefore, the calculation of the mass and volume of logging residues must be calculated by type of waste:

• trunks of trees, young growth and shrubs cut down according to the accounting list can be classified as waste of low-value wood (brushwood, dead wood, fragments of trunks);
• twigs and branches - to waste of twigs, branches, tips from logging;
• stumps and roots - waste from stump uprooting.

For the technological regulations of the Process of handling construction and demolition waste, it is necessary to calculate the mass of waste, but for temporary storage in storage bins and their removal from the construction site, it is necessary to estimate the volume of logging residues, and in the storage volume.

The calculation is made using the Excel application. An example of an Excel page table header is shown in Table 2.

The calculation was carried out in the following order:

1) Filling out the initial data according to the accounting sheet;

column 2 - line number of the accounting sheet;

column 3 - wood type;

column 4 - number of trees;

column 5 - minimum trunk diameter from the interval specified in the counting sheet;

column 6 - the only value of the trunk diameter indicated in the counting sheet;

column 7 - maximum trunk diameter from the interval specified in the counting sheet;

column 8 - minimum height trunk from the interval specified in the counting sheet;

column 9 is the only value of the trunk height indicated in the counting sheet;

column 10 - maximum trunk height from the interval specified in the counting sheet;

column 11 - additional number of trunks - if in the column “characteristics of the state of green spaces” n trunks for one tree are indicated, then in column 11 it is indicated (<значение графы 11>= (n-1)*<значение графы 4>.

2) Calculation of the average value of the trunk diameter if there is an interval:<среднее значение диаметра ствола (графа 6)> = (<значение минимального диаметра (графа 5)>+<максимальное значение диметра (графа 7)>)/2;

3) Determination of the volume of one trunk<объем ствола (графа 12)>is made according to Vst = Kn*h*пD2/4, where Kn is the corresponding shape coefficient from Table 1, D is the average trunk diameter, h is the average trunk height. Calculation of the volume of one trunk:<объем ствола в куб.м (графа 12)>=Кn* π*(<диаметр ствола в см (графа 6>/100)* (<диаметр ствола в см (графа 6>/100)*< высота ствола в м (графа 9)>/ 4);

4) Calculation of the dense measure of trunk volume Vpl=Vst*nst, where nst is the total number of trunks:<плотная мера объема стволов (графа 13)> = <средний объем ствола в куб.м (графа 12)>*(<число деревьев или кустов (графа 4)>+<число дополнительных стволов (графы 11)>). For one bush, the number of additional trunks is taken to be 5;

5) Calculation of folding measures (when storing or transporting, it is necessary to take into account the average volume of space occupied by tree trunks or bushes:<складочная мера объема стволов (графа 14)>= <плотная мера объема стволов (графа 13)>*4/p;

6) Calculation of the volume of twigs and branches depending on the volume of the trunk is carried out in accordance with paragraph d) of this article:<объем сучьев и ветвей в плотной мере (графа 16)> = <плотная мера объема стволов (графа 13)> *<переводной коэффициент (графа 15=0,007)>. In folding measure - according to paragraph e) of this article:<объем сучьев и ветвей в складочной мере (графа 18)> = <объем сучьев и ветвей в плотной мере (графа 16)>*<переводной коэффициент (графа 17=10)>;

7) Calculation of the volume of stumps and roots from the volume of the trunk is carried out in accordance with paragraph d) of this article:<объем пней и корней в плотной мере (графа 20)> = < плотная мера объема стволов (графа 13)>*<переводной коэффициент (графа 19=0,23)>. In the fold measure, the volume of stumps and roots is assumed to be double volume:<объем пней и корней в складочной мере (графа 21)> =<объем пней и корней в плотной мере (графа 20)>*2.

8) Calculation of the total volume of wood in a dense measure:<полный объем (графа 22)> = <объем стволов в плотной мере (графа 13)>+<объем сучьев и ветвей в плотной мере (графа 16)>+< объем пней и корней в плотной мере (графа 20)>;

9) Calculation of the total volume of wood in a folded measure (this indicator most objectively allows us to assess the need for the capacity of bodies (containers) Vehicle for removal of logging residues):<полный объем древесины в складочной мере (графа 23)> = <складочная мера объема стволов (графа 14)>+ <объем сучьев и ветвей в складочной мере (графа 18)>+ <объем пней и корней в складочной мере (графа 21)>

10) The volumetric weight of wood in a dense measure (density in t/m3) is recorded in column 24 in accordance with paragraph c) of this article, for species not listed in table 185 - in accordance with Appendix 3 to SNiP II-25-80 (Density of wood and plywood ).

11) Calculation of the weight of the trunks:<вес стволов (графа 22)> = <объем стволов в плотной мере (графа 13)>*<объемный вес древесины (графа 21)>;

12) Calculation of the weight of twigs and branches:<вес сучьев и ветвей (графа 26)> = <объем сучьев и ветвей в плотной мере (графа 16)>*< объемный вес древесины (графа 24)>;

13) Calculation of the weight of stumps and roots:<вес пней и корней (графа 27)> = <объем пней и корней в плотной мере (графа 20)>*< объемный вес древесины (графа 24)>;

14) Total weight exported waste (logging residues):<вес вывозимого отхода (графа 28)> = <вес стволов (графа 25)> + <вес сучьев и ветвей (графа 26)>+<вес пней и корней (графа 27)>

Thus, the proposed methodology allows you to calculate the volume (both full and folded) and weight of logging residues, differentiated by type of waste based on the initial data of the counting sheet, as well as estimate the required volume of storage bins or vehicle bodies and the number of vehicle trips for their removal.

K.Nikonenko

There is no point in making the same calculations several times if the source data does not change. A rounded log with a diameter of 20 cm and a length of 6 meters will always have the same volume, regardless of who is doing the counting and in which city. Only the formula V=πr²l gives the correct answer.

How to calculate forest cubic capacity

Therefore, the volume of one central bank will always be V=3.14×(0.1)²×6=0.1884 m³. In practice, in order to eliminate the time of carrying out standard calculations, cubatures are used. Such useful and informative tables are created for various types lumber. They help to save time and find out the cubic capacity of round timber, boards, central fiber boards, and timber.

1. Roundwood cubature
2. How to use the table?
3. Product capacity of different sizes

What is a cubical?

The name of this construction guide due to the fact that the volume is physical quantity measured in cubic meters (or cubic metres). For a simpler explanation, they say “cubature”, accordingly, the table was called “cubature”. This is an ordered matrix that contains data on the volume of one product for various initial parameters. The base column contains sections, and the row contains the length (molding) of the material. The user just needs to find the number located in the cell at their intersection.

Let's consider specific example- round timber cube. It was approved in 1975, called GOST 2708-75, the main parameters are diameter (in cm) and length (in meters). Using the table is very simple: for example, you need to determine the V of one log with a diameter of 20 cm and a length of 5 m. At the intersection of the corresponding row and column, we find the number 0.19 m³. A similar cubature for round timber exists according to a different standard - ISO 4480-83. Directories are very detailed in increments of 0.1 m, as well as more general, where the length is taken in 0.5 m increments.

Little secrets

Using the cubeturner itself is not difficult, but the main nuance is the correct data. Round timber is not a cylinder, but a truncated cone, in which the lower and upper cuts are different. One of them may be 26 cm, and the other 18. The table assumes a clear answer for a specific section.

Various sources suggest doing it in two ways: calculate the average value and take the volume from the reference book for it, or take the size of the upper cut as the main section. But if the tables were compiled according to certain standards, then they must be used in accordance with the accompanying instructions. For the cubature GOST 2708-75, the diameter of the top cut of the log is taken. Why is the moment of initial data so important? Because with a length of 5 meters for Ø18 cm we get 0.156 m³, and for Ø26 cm – 0.32 m³, which is actually 2 times more.

Another nuance is the correct cubatures. If complex formulas for truncated cones were used in the GOST 2708-75 table, calculations were carried out, and the results were rounded to thousandths, then modern companies, who make up their own cubatures, take “liberties”. For example, instead of 0.156 m³ there is already the number 0.16 m³. Quite often, websites on the Internet contain frankly erroneous cube-turners, in which the volume of a log 5 meters long with a diameter of 18 cm is indicated not as 0.156 m³, but as 0.165 m³. If an enterprise uses such directories when selling round timber to consumers, then it makes a profit, actually deceiving customers.

After all, the difference on 1 product is significant: 0.165-0.156 = 0.009 or almost 0.01 m³.

The main problem of round timber is the different cross-section. Sellers offer solutions to settlement issues in the following ways:

• calculating the volume of each unit and summing the obtained values;
• storage method;
• finding the average diameter;
• method based on wood density.

It must be said right away that correct results gives the first of the given options. Only calculating the volume of each log and then adding up the numbers guarantees that the buyer will pay for the timber that he receives from the company. If the length is the same, then it is enough to find the cross-sectional areas of all the trunks, add them up, and then multiply by the length (in meters).

2. Storage method.

It is assumed that the stored round timber occupies a part of the space shaped like a rectangular parallelepiped. In this case, the total volume is found by multiplying the length, width and height of the figure. Considering that there are voids between the folded trunks, 20% is subtracted from the resulting cubic capacity.

The downside is accepting as an indisputable fact that the tree occupies 80% of the total space. After all, it may well happen that the beams are folded inaccurately, thereby the percentage of voids is much greater.

3. Density based method.

In this case, you need to know the mass of the forest and the density of the wood. The cubic capacity is easily found by dividing the first number by the second. But the result will be very inaccurate, since a tree of one type has different densities. The indicator depends on the degree of maturity and humidity.

4. Average method.

If the trunks of harvested trees are appearance almost identical, then choose any 3 of them. The diameters are measured and then the average is found. Next, using the cubature, the parameter for 1 product is determined and multiplied by the required quantity. Let the results show: 25, 27, 26 cm, then Ø26 cm is considered average, since (25+26+27)/3=26 cm.

Considering the disadvantages of the considered methods, the only the right way The calculation of cubic capacity can be considered by finding the volume of each log using a cubic meter GOST 2708-75 or ISO 4480-83 and summing up the data obtained.

Calculation of cubic capacity of lumber - count correctly

During the construction of wooden structures, various lumber is purchased.

When buying or selling it, there is a need to measure it. All the complexity of measuring lumber due to its fickleness and custom size and shape, weight and quality. It is also impossible to sell such a product individually due to the factors mentioned above. Make it right calculation of lumber cubic capacity It is very difficult for a non-specialist, and even regulatory authorities are sometimes unable to check whether the calculation was performed correctly.

Some lumber from the manufacturer is supplied in packages indicating the exact volume and cost. But this practice is quite rare. In addition, consumers may have doubts about the correctness of the calculation of the cubic capacity of lumber, as well as about the indicated price. The average buyer does not always know that, in addition to cubic capacity, the cost of lumber depends on the degree of processing, that is, unedged or edged boards, tree species and grades. In addition, the cost of boards up to 1.7 m in length is lower than the cost of longer boards. The quality of produced lumber is regulated great amount rules and regulations technical specifications and others regulatory documents, which individual developers are not even aware of, while at the same time, lumber sellers are in no hurry to familiarize their customers with the rules for selling lumber. To have at least general idea To learn how to calculate the cubic capacity of lumber, it would be a good idea to familiarize yourself with the rules for measuring some of their most common types.

According to current regulations, croakers must be sorted depending on their length into two groups - up to two meters and over two meters. The slab is stacked, alternating thick and thin ends, as well as the slab surface. The stacks must be the same height along the entire length, right angles, and they must be stacked as tightly as possible. Then, by multiplying the width, length and height of the package, the folded cubic capacity is obtained.

Calculation of cubic capacity of round timber

Thickness in the upper cut, see	Volume m³, length, m.
1	1,5	2	2,5	3	3,5	4	4,5	5	5,5	6
14	0,016	0,025	0,035	0,043	0,052	0,061	0,073	0,084	0,097	0,110	0,123
16	0,021	0,035	0,044	0,056	0,069	0,082	0,095	0,110	0,124	0,140	0,155
18	0,027	0,041	0,056	0,071	0,086	0,103	0,120	0,138	0,156	0,175	0,194
20	0,033	0,051	0,069	0,087	0,107	0,126	0,147	0,170	0,190	0,210	0,23
22	0,040	0,062	0,084	0,107	0,130	0,154	0,178	0,200	0,230	0,250	0,28
24	0,048	0,075	0,103	0,130	0,157	0,184	0,210	0,240	0,270	0,300	0,33
26	0,057	0,089	0,123	0,154	0,185	0,210	0,250	0,280	0,320	0,350	0,39
28	0,067	0,104	0,144	0,180	0,220	0,250	0,290	0,330	0,370	0,410	0,45
30	0,077	0,119	0,165	0,200	0,25	0,29	0,33	0,38	0,42	0,47	0,52
32	0,087	0,135	0,190	0,230	0,28	0,33	0,38	0,43	0,48	0,53	0,59
34	0,100	0,150	0,210	0,260	0,32	0,37	0,43	0,49	0,54	0,60	0,66
36	0,110	0,170	0,230	0,290	0,36	0,42	0,48	0,54	0,60	0,67	0,74
38	0,120	0,190	0,260	0,320	0,39	0,46	0,53	0,60	0,67	0,74	0,82
40	0,14	0,21	0,28	0,36	0,43	0,50	0,58	0,66	0,74	0,82	0,90
42	0,15	0,23	0,31	0,39	0,47	0,56	0,64	0,73	0,81	0,90	1,0
44	0,16	0,25	0,34	0,43	0,52	0,61	0,70	0,80	0,89	0,99	1,09
46	0,18	0,27	0,37	0,47	0,57	0,67	0,77	0,87	0,94	1,08	1,19
48	0,19	0,30	0,41	0,51	0,62	0,73	0,84	0,95	1,06	1,18	1,30

Volume of 10 m of softwood beams, m³

Width, mm	Thickness, mm
50	60	75	100	130	150	180	200	220	250
130	0,065	0,078	0,0975	0,13
150	0,075	0,09	0,0113	0,15	0,195	0,225
180	0,09	0,108	0,0135	0,18	0,234	0,27	0,324
200	0,1	0,12	0,015	0,2	0,26	0,3		0,4
220	0,11	0,132	0,0165	0,22			0,395		0,434
250	0,125	0,15	0,188	0,25				0,5		0,625

In the woodworking industry, there are concepts of folded and dense cubic meters. The price list for lumber is indicated for volume in a dense mass, so folded cubic meters must be converted into a dense mass. For this purpose, special conversion factors are used. For example, for a slab up to two meters long, a coefficient of 0.48 is used, and for a slab more than two meters long - 0.43.

There are two ways to determine the volume of lumber of softwood and hardwood. Either by measuring each unit of material, or using a special standard, or cubic meter, established by GOST and designed to determine the volume of edged lumber of hardwood and softwood. The standard contains a table for one unit of lumber and a table for the volume of a meter, based on which you can calculate the cost of lumber.

When calculating the cubic capacity of unedged lumber, slightly different rules apply.

How to accurately calculate the cubic capacity of a log?

The specificity of their measurement is that the width of one-sided and unedged boards is calculated as half the width of two layers - narrow and wide, which are measured in the middle of the board. The volume of round timber is calculated based on the measurements of each log. Dense cubic meters logs are calculated using the corresponding GOST, which indicates the volumes of round timber. These volumes are measured by the length of the log and the thickness of the upper end.

The table we offer shows calculation of lumber cubic capacity: edged and unedged boards, floor boards, timber, timber, lining and slats. Using the table, you can calculate the amount of lumber in 1 m3.

Size	Volume of one board (bar)	Quantity in 1m3
timber
100x100x6	0.06 cube	16.67 pieces
100x150x6	0.09 cube	11.11 pieces
150x150x6	0.135 cube	7.41 pieces
100x200x6	0.12 cube	8.33 pieces
150x200x6	0.18 cube	5.56 pieces
200x200x6	0.24 cube	4.17 pieces
100x100x7	0.07 cube	14, 28 pieces
100x150x7	0.105 cube	9.52 pieces
150x150x7	0.1575 cube	6.35 pieces
100x200x7	0.14 cube	7.14 pieces
150x200x7	0.21 cube	4.76 pieces
200x200x7	0.28 cube	3.57 pieces
Edged board
22x100x6	0.0132 cube	45.46 sq.m.
22x150x6	0.0198 cubes	45.46 sq.m.
22x200x6	0.0264 cube	45.46 sq.m.
25x100x6	0.015 cube	40 sq.m.
25x150x6	0.0225 cube	40 sq.m.
25x200x6	0.03 cube	40 sq.m.
40x100x6	0.024 cube	25 sq.m.
40x150x6	0.036 cube	25 sq.m.
40x200x6	0.048 cube	25 sq.m.
50x100x6	0.03 cube	20 sq.m.
50x150x6	0.045 cube	20 sq.m.
50x200x6	0.06 cube	20 sq.m.
32x100x6	0.0192 cube	31.25 sq.m.
32x150x6	0.0288 cube	31.25 sq.m.
32x200x6	0.0384 cube	31.25 sq.m.
25x100x2	0.005 cube	40 sq.m.
25x100x7	0.0175 cube	40 sq.m.
25x150x7	0.02625 cube	40 sq.m.
25x200x7	0.035 cube	40 sq.m.
Unedged board
50x6	0.071 1 cube
40x6	0.05 1 cube
25x6	0.0294 1 cube
Rail
22x50x3	0.0033 cube	909 m.p.
25x50x3	0.00375 cube	800 m.p.
22x50x2	0.0022 cube	909 m.p.
25x50x2	0.0025 cube	800 m.p.
Bar
40x40x3	0.0048 cube	624.99 m.p.
50x50x3	0.006 cube	500.01 m.p.
40x80x3	0.0096 cube	312.51 m.p.
50x50x3	0.0075 cube	399.99 m.p.
Floor board
36x106x6	0.0229 cube	27.77 sq.m.
36x136x6	0.0294 cube	27.77 sq.m.
45x136x6	0.0375 cube	21.74 sq.m.
Lining
16x88x6	0.0084 cube	62.5 sq.m.
16x88x3	0.0042 cube	62.5 sq.m.
12.5x90x3	0.0034 cube	80 sq.m.

The purpose of this article is to explain to you how to correctly calculate the area of ​​the walls of log houses, bathhouses and other buildings, as well as buildings made of laminated and corrugated timber. Many will say - What is there to explain and everything is clear - you just need to know the basics of geometry.

Round timber cubator - how to calculate the volume?

Absolutely right - you can’t do without geometry, but this measurement has its own peculiarity, unlike walls made of timber and other materials, but more on that below.

Why you need to know how the area of ​​log houses is calculated:

• will help you more accurately calculate the cost and quantity of required material*
• Calculate the cost of painting and sanding the logs yourself

To calculate the area of ​​walls, we all know that we must know two quantities - height and length, and for a complete calculation, the area of ​​​​the ends as well
S=Pi*R2 - area of ​​1 circle (end),Where
Pi — 3,1428
R— end radius
Knowing the area of ​​one end, we multiply this value by the number of ends and we get total area ends.
Main feature log buildings is that the logs have convex shape, so the height measured as usual - from floor to ceiling will differ from the actual height by 10-15%.

photo No. 1
photo No. 2

We calculate the area.

To measure the height of one log, you just need to take a tape measure and lay it down from the top seam to the bottom seam of the crown as shown in photo No. 1(To measure the height of a log house from a chopped log, the average value is taken). And for a beam you need to measure the width of the edges and add it to the value A(arrows shown on photo No. 2). We will get the real height of one log or beam, and knowing the number of crowns, we will get the real height of the wall (number of crowns * height of one crown). I don’t think it’s worth reminding you of the formula for the area of ​​a rectangle. It's that simple.

Photo No. 4.

And so, adding up all the data - the area of ​​​​the walls, "triangles", ends and from the resulting amount subtract the area of ​​​​windows and doorways— we will receive the full area of ​​the building and, based on this data, we will be able to independently calculate (knowing the price of work per m2) the cost of work, materials*, as well as their volume* (by transferring them to the company manager by phone or by coming to the office)**.

I'll give you one last thing little advice, if by measuring the structure of a simple form everything is simple and will not be difficult and will not take much time, but what about complex forms, such as photo No. 4.

photo No. 4

I’ll tell you straight - measure yourself or be present at the measurements when your employees do it, this way you will avoid deception from unscrupulous people construction crews or contact trusted companies.

*the cost and volume of the required material (coating) is affected by the condition of the wood (sanded, not sanded) and the method of applying the coating (brush, roller, spray)

**for your convenience, on our website, the cost of materials is calculated per 1m2

Still have questions? Call

(A. Sokolov, Terem Grad)

This article will detail information that will allow you to most correctly calculate the amount of lumber per cubic meter wooden board. Today, edged and unedged boards are the most popular lumber. Manufacturers produce numerous variations of this material in sizes from 16x8 mm to 250x100 mm.

In this case, the width of the board is always at least twice the thickness; if the aspect ratio changes, the material is already called timber. It is customary to measure edged boards in cubic meters, so to determine the cost of work you need to learn how to determine the weight of a cube of edged boards. Fortunately, there are ready-made tables and formulas that will allow you to quickly cope with this task.

As a rule, most novice builders do not think about the question “how much is a cubic meter of boards?” » , but simply use the table below. However, we strongly recommend that you learn how to calculate cubic capacity yourself; this will greatly simplify your work, and only in this case can you consider yourself a professional.

If you compare an edged board with an unedged or one-sided edged one, on the surface of the first there are no places where there used to be bark; this parameter is called wane. A small amount of wane is usually allowed, but the less the better. So, in terms of geometry, such a board is guaranteed to be a rectangular parallelepiped. This figure has three parameters: thickness, width, length, which are usually expressed by the letters a, b, l. These indicators are enough to know how to calculate the cubic capacity of a board in a few seconds.

It is important to know that there is an official standard according to which boards can only be produced with parameter “a” equal to 22, 25, 30, 40, 50, 100 mm. There are also other lumbers that are made from others by planing or sawing. Their width varies from 100 to 250 mm, pitch 50 mm. The length of such boards can be 3, 4, 6 m.

Formula for calculating cubic capacity

Thickness * Width * Length

(a*b*l)

Once you know all the values, you can quickly answer the question of how to calculate the cubic capacity of the board. Before making calculations, you need to convert all values ​​to meters. For example, we have a board measuring 25 mm x 10 cm x 4 m, when converted to meters it turns out 0.025, 0.1, 4. Now we multiply these parameters:

0.025 * 0.1 * 4 = 0.01

Now we divide the unit by the result obtained and find out how to calculate the cube of boards, or rather the number of boards in a cube of wood.

1 / 0.01 = 100

Thus, a cubic meter will contain 100 boards of the specified sizes. Now you can easily answer the question of how to calculate the cube of boards, but you need to learn how to calculate the amount of lumber needed to complete the work.

What is an inch board and how to calculate its cubic capacity

Inch gauge is just the name of one of the board sizes; there are also forties, fives, and beams, this allows the builder to quickly figure out which board we are talking about. To find out how many inch boards are in a cube, you need to make calculations that are already familiar to us, as a result of which you will get 66 pieces for a board width of 10 cm, and 44 pieces for a board width of 15 cm. As a rule, one cubic meter is enough to cover an area of ​​40 square meters.

As already mentioned, there is also an unedged board, which is obtained as a result of longitudinal sawing of logs without processing on the sides. So finding the answer to the question of how many boards are in a cube of unedged boards is usually somewhat more difficult than in the first case. The point is that unedged lumber Only the width and length are accurately indicated, but the width may vary. Much depends on what part of the tree a particular board is cut from. If you are wondering how to calculate the cubic capacity of an unedged board, you need to first think about the task at hand.

For example, you may need to sheathe a building, in which case you will first find out the finishing area and multiply it by the thickness of the sheathing, this will allow you to calculate the required volume of material. Let's describe this situation in numbers:

How many unedged boards 25 mm thick might be needed for the cladding of a rectangular building 10 * 5 meters and 3 meters high?

We calculate the entire area for finishing; to do this, we multiply the perimeter of the building by its height: (10 + 10 + 5 + 5) * 3 = 90 square meters. Now we multiply the resulting value by the thickness of the material: 90 * 0.025 (convert millimeters to meters) = 2.25 cubic meters.

As you can see, in this case the width of an individual cladding element practically does not matter, since this does not affect the overall cubic capacity. However, sometimes it may still be useful for you to know the average dimensions of the board, which will allow you to approximately find out how many unedged boards are in a cube. These approximate data are shown in the table.