How to properly assemble a house from logs. Installation of a wooden house made of logs
During the debate that flared up after the publication of the article “Ours in America,” a reader contacted the site’s editor who wanted to talk about his personal experience. Vyacheslav has been living with his family in a house from solid log house. And according to him, if he knew all the “nuances” at the time of choosing the material, he would build a house from bricks or blocks. Below in the text is his personal “Top reasons why you should not build a log house.” To maintain authenticity, we left the text almost unchanged, making only light stylistic changes.
Why did we want a wooden house?
1. Once we saw with our own eyes a house made of logs - we immediately liked it, it looked very beautiful, we wanted one for ourselves.
2. For practical reasons: initially it was assumed that we would come on weekends, heat the solid fuel boiler and quickly warm up the house (the concept changed during the construction process).
3. Environmental friendliness: I wanted the house to breathe easily and smell like a pine forest. In general, I liked the traditional concept of living in a private house: wooden frame, grass near the house, forest nearby, etc.
house in summer
Start of construction
back view
Here we managed to learn a little from the mistakes of others. A friend of mine, in order to save money, purchased the timber himself. As a result, a timber truck came to him, the cutters selected suitable logs, half of the timber truck went back... In the end, 120 cubic meters his timber turned into 200. I worked with contractors who sorted the wood at their base, and brought to the site only what was actually used for work.
view from the yard
Initially, I was not worried about the construction process, since I trusted the contractors. During the work, they still made some mistakes in some places, but not much (more on that below). The logs were laid on moss. They chopped and hewed - by hand. After they made the “box” with the roof, the house stood for a year.
from the entrance
One of the interesting things about the construction process is that I can note the discrepancy between the actual sizes of the rooms and their visual perception until the moment of covering the floors. I personally measured the 19-meter kitchen with a tape measure, because visually it seemed that there were 7-8 meters there. And so - with all the rooms.
Finishing
The most interesting thing began at this stage. Firstly, the house needs to be sanded ENTIRELY on both sides. This work is tedious and expensive - prices for work can be looked up on the Internet, four years ago it cost us a pretty penny (375 sq. m. at $5 per 1 sq. m.). Moreover, when estimating the area of work, the bend of the log is added to the formula “height by length” - the area increases.
upper plinth - adjustable to curves
Then - impregnation ($0.7 per 1 sq.m.). Then - painting in one layer. Then - to the second (both - $1 per 1 sq.m.). Moreover, so that the materials fit well, the house must be painted by hand(which stretches the process over time). After all these procedures, the question of a “breathing house” and “the smell of pine” disappeared by itself.
We didn’t make a basement, so our foundation is simple: PGS pad, insulation, concrete. The builders who poured the floor did not completely cut out the lower logs in doorways. As a result, a year later it “broke” in these places floor tiles(ceramic granite). I had to remove the entire damaged tile, cut out more logs, and pour a new floor. This turned out to be easier than somehow cutting out the laid tiles - not every tile cutter takes porcelain tiles.
a crack in the tile remains in the doorway
Added to the “pleasant” aspects of finishing are regular finishing off moss, stolen by birds, and sealing seams with sealant. This work is long, expensive and dreary. Fortunately, there is a sealant manufacturer in the Republic of Belarus that offers products at reasonable prices. If he missed the mark with imported ones, he would go to hell.
Laying communications in a log house it also becomes a problem. Plug the socket into round log- that’s another task (and a corresponding “tariff”). You can't hide the pipes inside. Attaching a plinth to an uneven log is also not an easy task, you will have to “think about it” and work with your hands.
plinth - strip + mastic
Due to the long-term shrinkage of the house, doors and windows were inserted into a frame made of boards. If you try to bet on a “live log”, the risk of getting it “sideways” increases significantly. Like risk of damaging the door or window. But even this “trick” did not help us personally: in 4 years of operation, the doors were adjusted twice. And some windows still siphon.
Home maintenance
box for the kitchen (on the left against the wall)
The house is constantly “breathing”. When the heating works, when it doesn’t, everything moves. To hang the kitchen, it was necessary to build a metal frame, cover it with plasterboard, and only attach the kitchen to it. No other way. So beloved by our citizens sliding wardrobes it is absolutely impossible to establish - there is nothing to “attach” to, and the wall and ceiling live their own lives. The staircase, which was “tied” to the wall, eventually became warped and the railing was torn out.
instead of a wardrobe...
Any decorative boxes covering communications turn into a work of art - they need to be somehow combine with log wall , and this process turns into jewelry fitting with a construction cutter in hand.
The joints sealed with sealant were sealed twice in 4 years. Doesn't matter - cracks appear. Wooden floor on the 2nd floor it is also drying out, there are also cracks there, and this is inevitable.
crack between logs
In autumn mice get into the house, in the gap between the lower log and the foundation. It is not yet possible to block this road for them, since the interface line is very uneven. And if on the main “animal trails” this phenomenon can be reduced to “nothing” with the help of poison and mousetraps, then when mice frolic between the logs without “visiting”, nothing can be done with them. Just curse it.
Also between logs every year wasps make their nests. The issue is resolved with the help of Dichlorvos. But it still has to be decided.
In autumn and early winter, the second floor is a kingdom of flies. First flies get stuck in the cracks for the winter. Then the house becomes warm - and they climb inside. We have not yet come up with any other means against this brethren except a vacuum cleaner.
And we also - best friends sellers of Tikkurila paint. There needs touching up, here you need to tint: steps, joints, terrace. They didn’t keep accurate records of production, but a lot of buckets of paint were purchased over 4 years.
In the spring, when the pine tree (and then the birch tree) blooms, the whole the house is covered yellow pollen. Moreover, in a thick layer. On level ground vertical wall there simply wouldn’t be so much of it accumulated. This issue is resolved by washing the walls with a jet from a Karcher. But again it needs to be resolved.
Bath
Inside the house dust accumulates on the bend of the logs. Here already universal remedies no - dust can only be removed manually, the old fashioned way.
Sometimes spontaneous, inexplicable bursts of life happen inside the house - some bugs, midges, insects appear, but I have not installed any system here yet.
In the bathhouse, near the guest bed, some kind of perky creature lives in a log, crunching the log all night. It is not possible to find and kill her.
And finally - about the famous “winter” forest. My house was cut down from February. The bathhouse is from August. I still haven't noticed a difference.
Price issue
Considering all of the above, such housing cannot be called cheap. House with total area 240 sq. m. (with a small attic floor) cost me $40,000 only for the first stage: foundation, frame and roof. Then the project grew, we also built an outbuilding, a bathhouse from the same “round timber,” and landscaped the area and the street next to the house. All this (including materials, finishing, windows, doors and geothermal boiler) cost us a total of $180,000.
shrinkage to the roof
Conclusion: What we got for this torment is very beautiful house. And some kind of indescribable pleasure from the feeling of a thick, uneven log, its rough appearance, rich texture... Friends who began to build across the site from mine listened to approximately the same text, my complaints and advice to build from blocks. And in the end... the log house was also cut down. Here, of course, everyone decides for themselves. But I gave you fair warning.
Interviewed by: Dmitry Malakhov
Crown called one row of logs. Lower crown - salary, he becomes basis the whole house. For the frame crown they select durable wood hardwood (larch or oak). All other logs fall on it. Unfortunately, decay lower crown Not unusual. This is the most problematic part of the design.
For service life extension frame and the building as a whole, you should not skimp on roof overhangs and wood processing compounds.
From coniferous species preference should be given to pine, which is more durable than spruce and contains less resin. It is highly advisable to use logs harvested in winter for construction. “Frosty” wood is dry, easy to process, and much less susceptible to warping, shrinkage, and rotting processes.
1. . This is a log house with four walls. Logs are knitted only in the corners:
2. . Consists of four external walls and one partition (internal wall). The logs are tied in the corners and at the joints of the fifth, interior wall with external:
3. . In the shape of a semicircle or hexagon - an exotic option, which we will leave outside the scope of this article:
Angular dressings are divided into two type:
With the remainder(the logs protrude beyond the formed corner).
Without a trace.
Functional difference minimal and the decision is made based on aesthetic reasons.
First the method is also called " in the region" It is presented more clearly in the picture:
Second the type of dressing is called " in the paw»:
Start with selection correct log diameter taking into account your climate. If the local air temperature in the cold season does not drop below - 30 °C, then a forest with a diameter of 22 -24 see For frosty winters you will need logs from 26 cm.
Be attentive to defects material. Monitor the straightness of the forms and mercilessly reject specimens with visually recorded curvature. To obtain the required length, you can use horizontal mate(splicing) short logs:
Logs salary and top splice the crowns undesirable and it is better to initially choose them for the right size.
Decide how you will deliver timber to high tiers. You can use a block system or a simple device with laying a smooth beam on the upper crown and lifting the building material using slings:
The inner wall is connected to the outer wall depending on type of corners. If the corners were knitted with the remainder, then it is reasonable to complete the fifth wall with the remainder. If the log house is created without a trace, then the partition is cut in without it - flush.
Tenon cutting is popular - in fat tail:
A frying pan with a straight side is called semi-frying pan. Convenient for cross-shaped connections between walls.
They also turn it on frying pan- a vertical ridge that widens towards the end. The corresponding grooves are made in the crowns of the external walls:
A bitumen-impregnated board with a thickness of 50 mm and width 150 mm, on it - hewn from below crown molding. Check the horizontality of the rims and the verticality of the corners, adjust if necessary.
For fixation crowns use wooden pins between each other - dowels or dowels. They are hammered with a wooden hammer into the holes drilled in a checkerboard pattern in increments 1,5 -2 m. The depth of the hole is drilled with a margin of 3 -5 cm so that the log does not hang on the dowels when drying. Details in the video:
IN piers score at least 2 things in the distance 0,15 -0,2 m from the edge.
Dowel diameter must be from 20 mm. You can purchase shovel handles and cut them into cylinders of the required length. The diameter of the blanks made in this way will be slightly larger than the norm - 25 mm.
Drill take less on 1 mm - 24 mm so that the dowel fits tightly. There is no threat of the log hanging as the tree dries out drilled diameter the holes will increase.
Nog it will go in easier, if it is moistened in oil and chamfered from the end.
When laying crowns, be attentive to the drawings and leave the necessary openings for windows and doors. Working on the overlapping crown, cut the opening plumb to size and process lateral ends: they must end vertical comb:
When installed in jamb openings and door frames should leave a reserve 5 -10 cm for shrinkage. A similar distance must be provided if the openings are not created during the assembly process, but are cut out with a chainsaw already in the finished log house.
Insulation
Insulation can be carried out during the construction of walls, but it is permissible to caulk already assembled log house. Felt, hemp, flax, jute or other special materials are placed between the logs.
Ready the log house is left to dry and shrink naturally. The drying time of a log house according to the technology is 1 year.
To compensate for seasonal and natural shrinkage use screw supports. Horizontal logs houses shrink, but vertical pillars are not subject to this process. The back part of the house will “lower”, but the end part, if the columns are firmly installed, will remain in place.
Warping of the ceiling and floor may occur and the need for such a labor-intensive and unpleasant procedure as cutting logs. Therefore, it is advisable to install pillars on screw supports, which smoothly adjust the length of the support and provide uniform shrinkage:
The author of the article has heard about technology that allows speed up the shrinkage process. In this case, the log house is assembled not on dowels, but on steel studs, which are driven along the entire height of the wall in increments of about a meter. Minimum stud length 80 cm, and the work is carried out in this order:
The logs are drilled after preliminary marking. The diameter of the drill is selected based on the diameter of the stud. For hairpin 12 mm hole diameter will be 15 mm.
Having laid the casing crown, pass all the studs with a diameter of 12 mm and length 80 -100 cm. The studs are lowered to the ground and square washers are put on them (thickness from 3 mm) and nuts (height 30 -60 mm).
Then the next crowns are laid with the pins tapped upward. If they are raised all the way, and the end does not protrude above the edge of the upper log, the studs are extended through a nut - a coupling, into which the following fasteners are screwed.
After assembling the frame, it is tightened evenly around the entire perimeter wrenches with good leverage. After this procedure, the log house loses its height on average 10 -15 cm. In this way the desired shrinkage will be “selected”.
The method is interesting, but little in demand, probably due to the danger of cracks appearing in the logs when screeding the log house.
However, the method provides increased structural strength and significant time savings. You can continue assembling the house immediately after the frame is finished.
We invite you to watch a video that demonstrates in detail the process of building a log house from rounded logs:
It’s the 21st century, but people, tired of the bustle and environmental problems of big cities, are increasingly thinking about how to build a wooden house with their own hands and move to the bosom of nature.
What is needed for this, where to start, what knowledge you need to have - this is just a small part of the huge list of questions that a person faces. To make it easier to decide on the type of house, we will provide some data.
Kinds wooden houses: wooden from timber, from profiled timber, from hewn logs, rounded logs, from profiled laminated timber, frame houses.
If you want to know how to build a wooden house from a log, you should consider this construction more carefully.
Log house
- Such a building is built from solid logs, cleared of bark with an ax, and tree species such as cedar and pine are used.
- Thanks to handmade, resin remains on the logs, protecting the building from bad weather and other external negative factors.
- Such houses look beautiful, are pleasant and safe to live in.
Despite all these advantages, there are also disadvantages.
- The building takes a very long time to dry out (from 2 to 5 years), and it takes several years for it to shrink.
- Materials and finishing work are quite expensive.
If you have chosen another option, but do not know how to build a wooden house from timber, it is necessary in this case to consider all the pros and cons.
House made of timber
- An ordinary rectangular beam, unlike a profiled one, has joints (grooves and tenons), is different affordable price. From the thin they build temporary and summer buildings, houses designed for permanent residence, made from thick timber 200 X 200 mm.
- Advantages: ease of construction, naturalness.
Unfortunately, there are many more disadvantages - these are cracks and crevices when drying, additional thermal insulation work, complex finishing, drying of the material up to a year.
In order to have a complete picture, you should learn how to build a wooden frame house with your own hands.
- In this case, a frame is constructed from laminated veneer lumber, which is then insulated.
- The advantage of this type of building is quick assembly ready-made parts and reduced price.
- Disadvantages include the use of a truck crane and difficulties in storing parts if the area is small.
Are you still thinking about how to build a wooden house with your own hands - let's go through all the necessary steps.
If you have no idea how to do this, it is best to start with the simplest option.
DIY log house
The first thing to remember is to choose larch, cedar or pine for your construction.
Another important issue is the foundation. Usually, in cases self-construction used columnar foundation, but the screw version is also used.
In order to have a more complete idea of how to make a log house, photos on some sites will certainly help with this.
Operating procedure
- We prepare the beams (15 X15) and treat them with a special antiseptic.
- We install the crown, lay the half-timber beam, and fasten it with wooden dowels. To do this, we make holes in the beams in advance.
- After laying the crown, the timber is also laid in the floor with a crown. A compactor is placed on the beams placed at the end, then a beam and again a compactor.
- We must not forget that the floor board (40 mm) also depends on the pitch of the beams (0.7 m).
- Another important point is that it is best to use jute fabric as a sealant.
- The first floor is being built to a height of about 3 meters.
- If you don’t do the sheathing, you need to think about drainage using chamfers in a timely manner.
The easiest way to build
If you are still tormented by the question of how to build a log house, you can use ready-made projects wooden buildings. This situation has its merits.
- As a rule, assembly is very fast.
- You will invest the minimum Money in construction, doing only checking the markings of the beams.
- Since logs are manufactured in a factory standard sizes, assembly is carried out efficiently and without overlays.
Just how to build a wooden house, photos and instructions on this issue can be found on many thematic sites.
You can also make your child’s dream come true, or maybe your long-standing childhood wish, and set up a treehouse.
Magic house
For such construction you will need a tree with a thick trunk and powerful roots, optimally oak.
The building should not be located high for safety reasons - one and a half meters, no more. For work you will need the most simple tools and bolts.
Are you intrigued? If you want to know how to build a tree house, photos of such houses will give a boost to your imagination and will certainly inspire you to build.
How to build a wooden log house correctly
Wooden house- This separate category construction. Its smell takes us back to childhood, and the atmosphere that is created inside fills us with comfort and gives us a feeling of calm and tranquility. IN log houses It’s easy to live there, there is a comfortable climate, and their environmental friendliness is good for health. In order to obtain all these effects upon completion of the building construction process, you need to understand how to properly build a log house and what features it has.
A log house built according to all the rules will become a real fortress for its owners.
Choice of material: rounded log house or planed (chopped) log
All log houses are divided into 2 types of buildings:
the buildings from planed logs, that is, those that were processed manually;
buildings that were built from rounded logs.
In order to understand how to properly build a house from a log, you need to have an idea not only of the external difference between the 1st warrant and the 2nd, but also the structural one.
"Wild log house"
The history of architecture tells us that all log houses that were erected before the end of the 19th century were built from a “wild log”. This meant that the future building material was processed manually. The freshly cut log was stripped of its bark, while the bast layer should remain intact. It was he who protected the wood and its deep layers from moisture. This provided the log house reliable protection from fungus and mold, and increased their “service life” significantly.
The main feature of the “wild log” house was its bright and expressive shape. Non-cylindered beams gave such individuality. A sawn log tends to taper from bottom to top. After processing the wood with tools, such a difference in diameter still remained. The farther from the end, which was located at the roots, the thicker the log.
Houses made from “wild” logs completely bring their owners closer to nature
A tall tree can be processed and divided into several logs. Sometimes it produces 2 building elements, but the ideal would be to obtain 3 parts.
The classic rule for dividing timber as follows:
1 log – butt. This is the part that is located closer to the roots;
2 log – friend. This is the middle part of the wood;
3 beam - third or top. Accordingly, this is the last part of the log that approached the top.
For the construction of the house, 1 part was used - the butt. The log house in this place was the thickest, had high strength and the most minimal change in diameter. And in order to compensate for those differences that remained, the beams were alternated when laying the walls: in one row the butt “looks” in one direction, in the next in the opposite direction.
When laying timber, each top log lies on the previous one with the opposite side
But, despite such opportunities to simplify the construction of a house with chopped wood, you should approach the selection of building materials very carefully. After all, you need to reproduce an even and robust construction from logs of different diameters. And this is not a simple task for them.
The construction technology itself has remained virtually unchanged since those times. Houses are built using the same method: “wild logs” of different diameters are adjusted as close to each other as possible. It should be noted that houses built in this way are classified as elite and differ in price. This is dictated by a certain complexity and labor intensity of the process. After all, after erecting the frame, the house should last from 1 to 2 years. During this period, it will “shrink” in height to 10%. This factor should also be taken into account during design. So, in addition to spending time and effort on selecting building materials, it will take a lot of time and patience to see the result.
The completed house shows the location of the logs in relation to each other.
Rounded log
A rounded log house is a planed log in an industrial environment. On machines, the wood is brought to an ideal state: it becomes smooth and even along its entire length. On special machines, all the necessary grooves for fastening are cut into the timber. In this case, the dimensions are adjusted to the nearest millimeter, which minimizes inconvenience during construction. Building a house using such a log house is similar to assembling a children's construction set.
Rounded logs are made approximately the same size
For all its convenience, a rounded log house also has disadvantages. Ideal evenness in size and smoothness is achieved by removing several levels of wood. During the production process, “useful” layers (sapwood) are also removed, which protect the log from moisture, fungus and mold. Only mature and sound remains central part tree. She is not protected from anything external factors. Under such conditions, it is necessary to additionally impregnate the timber with antiseptics, antifungal and anthelmintic drugs. The result is a beautiful and lightweight material for building a house. The downside is low level environmental friendliness and, oddly enough, durability.
Walls made of rounded timber look smooth and neater
Selection of material for construction
In order to properly build a house from rounded logs, you need to know how to choose it and which material is more suitable in your region. Coniferous wood is most suitable for log houses. These are trees such as pine, spruce, cedar and larch. But if there are no desired options on the market, you can use oak, ash, aspen and other hardwoods. Spruce and pine are the most affordable in price category. For this reason, they are the most popular.
Trunks coniferous trees smoother and easier to process
When choosing this type of building material, the period of the log house is very important. It is necessary to choose timber that was prepared in winter. It is he who has the best moisture resistance indicators.
The region where the tree grows is also important. If possible, choose wood from the northern regions. This material is the most durable. Not bad options: Baltic pine and Canadian spruce. Option coniferous, which was correctly prepared in compliance with all conditions and requirements, from the regions middle zone also very good.
note that the choice of beam diameter depends not only on design solution, and also on climatic conditions. The main criterion is Maximum temperature V winter period of the year.
if it's winter in your region not lower than -20 degrees– you can stop at a diameter of 200 mm;
when it's winter maximum -30 degrees– 220 mm;
at thermometer readings up to -40– choose a log that is at least 240-260 mm or more.
To lay the log frame, special equipment is used, which facilitates the construction of the house
Thickness of logs for building a house in northern regions must be at least 25 cm
The main parameters of the log and its cuts are indicated in the table
It is also worth noting that by choosing a timber a little larger diameter, rather than recommended according to climatic zone, it perfectly compensates for temperature changes. The main thing is not to choose a material less than specified. Despite the fact that the house will be insulated by laying a jute or flax-jute gasket between the logs, it will not be able to give that comfortable temperature, which can be provided by a log of the required size.
Additional criteria, which you need to pay attention to when choosing a log house:
quality log yellow or dark yellow;
on the cut there should be no stains;
at good stuff core dark shade and occupies ¾ of the cut;
OK, when bitches are absent, and if they are present, they should fit tightly without gaps. The opposite picture indicates a damaged core;
best ringing for a log - ringing. Try hitting the end with an ax and listen to how it rings;
Availability cracks possible provided that their depth is no more than 1/3 of the log;
the timber should not be twisted: such a log during the construction of a house can only be used for laying the floor - for this it is cut into boards and bars.
The timber is selected according to several criteria; if at least one does not meet the standard, the material is changed to the required one
Construction technology
At first glance, all houses are built the same. But upon careful study of this issue, certain nuances and features of construction in one way or another come to light. Just like that proper construction log houses have their own distinctive characteristics.
Video description
Without knowing the technology of building a house, it is easy to make many mistakes. About them in the video:
Foundation
The main and most important element of any building is the foundation. Its depth and character depend on the soil on which the house will stand, on the nature of the wall material and on the number of storeys.
A log house is relatively light in weight. This design quality allows the foundation to be shallow. Almost all options existing species foundations are suitable for construction log house. Often they make a tape version. For difficult soils, deep excavation is performed. strip foundation or pile. You can also make a slab version.
It is worth noting that any version of the foundation should go 300-400 mm into the ground. After pouring it and completely drying, it is necessary to carry out waterproofing (roofing felt with mastic). This is a very important process despite the fact that the house is made of logs.
If a strip foundation is used, it begins with the arrangement of formwork
Walling
Upon completion of the foundation laying stage, they move on to the main thing - the construction of walls. It is important to know that the first crown (the first row of logs) is never placed directly on the foundation. First, a “backing” board is laid. It is made from linden timber 50-100 mm thick and at least 150 mm wide. Then they move on to assembling the walls from the rounded log house.
Mortgage crown on a shallow monolithic foundation
The first mortgage crown must be cut from below. Its end should match the width of the backing board. This is necessary so that the house rests firmly on the foundation.
Logs for walls are laid in circles (crowns). First, logs are laid that are parallel to each other. Then the other two sides, and insulation is laid on top. It is attached to the log using a construction stapler and should hang down at the edges by 5 cm.
Then the transverse sides of the house are laid, which will rest on the mortgage crown. And we repeat the “procedure” of assembling the house like a construction set.
The assembly of the house is carried out like a “constructor”: each log has its own place
Each of the logs has its own number, which makes it easy to determine where the beam should be located
Roof installation
A wooden house cannot be left uncovered. After laying the last crown, you must immediately begin installing the roof. When building walls from wood, you don’t have to lay the mauerlat (a special support beam for the rafters), but place the rafters directly on the log. The recommended distance between rafters is 600 mm. It is this gap that will ensure the stability of the roof and reduce the risk of its possible sagging.
Since wood is a “living” material, the rafters must be mounted on sliding supports. Then they lay the waterproofing and then the sheathing. The sheathing pitch depends on the selected roofing material. At the end, the house is “covered” with the chosen finishing material.
After the walls are erected, the assembly of the roof frame begins.
Caulk of a log house
Caulking at home is a separate important stage during its construction. Upon completion of the construction of the walls and roof, it is necessary to caulk all the insulation that was initially laid between the logs inside. To do this, using special tool The caulkers fold the overhanging 5 cm of the gasket downwards and then push it inside between the cracks of the logs.
Having completed the caulking and roofing, the house is left to settle for a year. After a year, the caulking of the walls must be repeated. Some experts recommend repeating the “procedure” after a year of using the house with the heating on.
The insulation placed between the beams must be hidden
After caulking, the insulation is almost invisible, and there is no draft in the house
Installation of doors, windows, installation of ceilings and floors
Important points when installing doors and windows is that they are installed only after the house has completely settled and only in special casing boxes that are installed in openings in the walls.
Installation of doors and windows is carried out after complete shrinkage of the log house, with the exception of houses made of logs chamber drying– in this case they can be installed immediately
Such precautions are due to the fact that wood is a “living” building material and will completely shrink in size in another 5-7 years.
The floor is installed on logs that cut into the first, or better yet, the second crown. The mortgage crown must be well ventilated in order to be subject to rotting processes as little as possible.
After installation entrance doors, windows and flooring, you can implement a heating system, carry out communications, connect electrical equipment, and also install interior doors, slopes, baseboards and install plumbing.
There is no need to finish the walls. After all, the beauty of a log house is not only outside, but also inside. The bas-relief of slightly yellowish walls will fit into almost any interior. The main thing is to correctly emphasize the texture of the wood and complement the design with the necessary accessories. And your dream home is ready!
A log house in the forest over the water is a great place to relax from the bustle of the countryside
The inside of the house does not require additional finishing, and natural wood can complement the stone
One-story log house manual cutting in combination with stone finishing
The first floor is built of stone, the second - of logs: this combination also looks great
Video description
How a log house can turn out, see this video:
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses made of rounded logs from construction companies, presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.
Conclusion
Despite the apparent simplicity of building houses from prepared rounded logs, there are quite a lot of pitfalls, which can only be avoided by experienced specialists who thoroughly know the technology. Therefore, the construction of a cottage must be entrusted to professionals who will not only do everything quickly and efficiently, but also give a guarantee for their work.
Independent laying of rounded logs into a log house is possible if you follow a certain order of work during assembly. By applying your own knowledge and hands, you can save a lot on services professional craftsmen. The actions are not difficult to understand, however, they require several participants - it is impossible to lift a log house alone, in addition, the schemes for assembling a house from rounded logs are fundamentally different from each other. How to build a house from OCB correctly is described below.Before a set of lumber is delivered to the site, the foundation should be prepared and maintained: it will take at least a year to gain strength and stability concrete base. Early assembly of the cylinder is prohibited.
During this time, all filling flaws will be identified that must be eliminated, otherwise the risk of collapse or damage to the wood is high. What could it be: - Cracks are the most common defect in a finished platform. Installing a house on a cracked foundation will lead to further destruction. They occur for many reasons: incorrectly chosen type of foundation, poor-quality concrete mass, failure to take into account the vagaries of the soil, close groundwater.
To preserve the platform for a long time, we must not forget about the internal and external insulation. The first is done at the pouring stage, the second is done immediately after waterproofing, pressing polystyrene slabs against liquid bitumen. Then the insulation is also covered with mastic, special attention is paid to the joints and seams.
Before work on assembling the cylinder begins, the foundation is separated from the crowns with a larch board - this species is not in the least afraid of dampness. It is drilled and placed on the platform reinforcement, which must be coated with bitumen. Typically, the first row is a wider central bank than the rest: in this case, the stability of the object is ensured.They lay it as follows: Now you can raise the walls, not forgetting to lay the grooves of each row with a sealant. For this purpose, it is best to use jute, because tow and moss have less useful properties. Next, the assembly of log houses from rounded logs follows the established procedure: fitting, marking holes, installing elements. You should not skip fixing the crowns in the cuts, otherwise the thermal insulation of the entire building will be damaged. Steel brackets are used for fastening; dowel pins do not have the proper strength in places with heavy loads. Having raised the frame to the required height, the work is completed by installing ceilings. If the building is planned to have two floors, then the process is carried out further and the lower rows are left to shrink without any action to cut openings for windows and doors: a natural change in size will disrupt the prepared cut, and the assembly technology will be disrupted.
The finished log house is impregnated protective compounds, covered with waterproofing and left for a period of six months to one and a half years, depending on the volume of the structure.
As a rule, lumber with a cross-section of 100 mm or more is used for roof strength. It is possible to increase the parameter in case of grandeur of the design. Installation roofing system- a responsible occupation. The roof is a kind of dome that supports a heavy log building, so during construction it is recommended to use complex circuits roofs with trusses, reinforcements and other elements that provide the structure with a stable position.Plank roofing material accepted immediately, so there is less risk ready house weather changes, in particular rain. The choice of coating depends on the size of the slope angle: the steeper it is, the more structural the material.
Cutting openings, inserting doors and windows
The assembly rules state: sawing occurs from the outside along pre-designated lines. The upper and lower ones should pass in the middle of the cylinder. The threshold is determined as follows - the height of the second crown. The size of the opening is calculated according to the size of the window or door plus 15 cm for subsequent shrinkage. The work is carried out with a grinder, then knocking out the logs inside the house. To insert fittings, a casing is made - a frame for windows and doors, which prevents shrinkage from crushing expensive packages and blocks. The key points are considered. Important: the described technological assembly of a log house made of rounded logs cannot be of high quality if any stage is overlooked. Uncertainty about own strength- a reason to turn to professionals.Instructions for assembling a log house from rounded logs are given in general provisions, each stage contains many nuances regarding the type of wood, the architecture of the house, the length of the canes and others important points. Special attention should be given to the finished building for its processing before starting finishing works. However, the technology described is quite simple and, following it, you can install own house or a bath is easy.