How to grow hyacinth from a bulb. Planting hyacinths in open ground

In spring, exquisite hyacinth buds bloom in the gardens. Many people are familiar with muscari, and this is also a type of hyacinth, only miniature. Some varieties of hyacinths can be driven out at home or grown as indoor plant. To get a beautiful inflorescence at the right time, you need to know the rules for growing and forcing this plant.

Main types of hyacinths

Hyacinth is different in that all its species are similar in appearance. Varieties are distinguished by the size of the inflorescences, the shape of the flowers, their color, and the length of the peduncle. Another sign is the flowering of hyacinth - there are varieties of early, middle and late date flowering. Each of them blooms 1.5-2 weeks later. When growing hyacinth at home, you need to take this feature of the flower into account.

Initially, all hyacinths were classified into 30 species. However, subsequently work was carried out to reorganize the classifications, as a result of which hyacinths were divided into three main types:

Oriental;
Transcaspian;
Litvinova.

Of all the existing hyacinths, the most widespread Oriental view. This flower has pleasant aroma, and it was he who became the basis for breeding work on breeding varieties with decorative properties plants. Eastern hyacinth is distinguished by a thin peduncle and a sparse arrangement of flowers. Growing oriental hyacinth is replete with shades of pink, the yellowish-white and blue inflorescences are beautiful.

At the hyacinth Trans-Caspian a rosette of leaves of the same height, the plates are hollow and fleshy. One bulb develops 1-2 stems with light blue flowers.

Litvinova It has a high peduncle (up to 25 cm), the flowers have a strong cut, the color is pale blue, the stamens emerge from the flower. The leaves of this type of hyacinth have a bluish coating and have a strong deviation.

There are several varieties of eastern hyacinth with different colors:

Reds flowers: these are the varieties of hyacinths Jan Bos, General Pelissier, La Victoire variety;
White flowers: Carnegie, L'Innosance, and pure white Edelweiss;
Pink flowers: Lady Derby, Anna Marie, Pink Purple, Fondant;
Blue flowers: variety Maria, English selection - King of the Blues, Delft Blue.

Caring for indoor hyacinth

How to grow hyacinths at home?

Basically, these flowers decorate the garden, so when growing hyacinth at home, you should bring them as close to garden flowers as possible. In order for hyacinth to bloom at home, you will need bulbs suitable for forcing. They undergo a special series of activities, and by the time they disembark they have already passed the summer rest period. Select bulbs that are apparently healthy, with a dense structure, without any damage or signs of disease. You can get good flower stalks from bulbs with a diameter of 5 cm.

Hyacinth as a houseplant - is it possible?

Unfortunately, hyacinths do not grow continuously as a potted crop and are not capable of producing wonderful flowers every year. Caring for hyacinth at home requires certain knowledge.

Hyacinth: care at home. Photo

Basically, certain plant varieties are taken for forcing bulbs. What is forcing? A certain set of measures that are aimed at accelerating the growth of a flower and obtaining shoots at the right time. There is no forcing in nature; rather, it is a person’s whim to delight himself with flowering when the plant is resting in its natural growing environment.

Hyacinth as a houseplant has a short life, but proper care will preserve the bulb and in a few years it will delight you with its flowering. Forcing exhausts the bulb as much as possible, and it is simply not capable of repeated forcing (forming buds) in the pot.

Advice: when indoor hyacinth fades, it needs to be transplanted into a garden or flower garden, where in 1-2 years the plant will regain its strength and be suitable for forcing flower stalks.

Hyacinth: planting and care

To get spectacular flowering of hyacinth, it is recommended to plant in one pot three onions. When choosing a container for planting, you need to focus on the size of the hyacinth bulbs - they should be located tightly in the pot with a maximum distance of 2-2.5 cm from each other.

Growing hyacinth is associated with compliance certain rules, including the time of planting the bulb. To prevent the hyacinth roots from rotting, the bottom of the pot should be covered with a layer drainage material (expanded clay, small crushed stone, large river pebbles, etc.). You can pour a layer of sand no more than 3 cm thick. Hyacinth is grown on a substrate, which can be in two versions: sand is mixed with peat or sand with compost. When planting, the bulb is positioned so that its third part is above the soil. To protect the bulb from rotting, upper layer soils are made of sand (maximum thickness 1 cm).

Flower Hyacinth photo

To obtain strong flower stalks, the planted hyacinth is watered with dissolved calcium nitrate(0.2%). Pots with planted hyacinths are sent to a dark room where the temperature does not rise above +5-9°C. As additional cover from sunlight use a black bag or film. Hyacinth bulbs spend approximately 1.5-2 months in this state. If hyacinths are grown at home, you will need to create conditions as close as possible to natural ones.

After 2-2.5 months, the flowers are transferred to a room in which the conditions “ artificial spring" In this case, it is necessary to follow the basic rules for forcing hyacinths. Caring for such plants is not difficult.

How are hyacinths watered?

Moisture is important for hyacinths, however, stagnation of water must be avoided, otherwise the bulbs used for forcing will begin to rot. To avoid the accumulation of excess moisture, the bottom of the pot is covered with a layer of drainage material. If water has accumulated in the pan after watering, it must be drained. When hyacinth blooms, you need to water it extremely carefully, making sure that drops of water do not fall on the bulb, buds, or in the axillary space of the leaves. The best way - watering into a tray. In this case, you can regulate the amount of moisture.

Stage cooling bulbs requires careful monitoring of the moisture content of the substrate. Do not allow the soil in the pot to dry out. You can use special garden humidity level sensors, thanks to which you can easily determine the plant’s need for watering.

When the humidity level in the room is 90-95%, 2 waterings are carried out if hyacinths are forced late, 1 watering is carried out for medium. The plant is not watered at all if it is in early forcing conditions.

Is it possible to force hyacinths in water?

Hyacinth as a houseplant is also kicked out in an interesting way without using a standard substrate. Experienced flower growers get beautiful inflorescences by forcing them into containers with water. The container for forcing is taken with high sides and wide. In this case, the water is 1-2 cm below the level of the bottom of the bulb.

When growing hyacinths at home using this method, you need to properly maintain the bulbs, as is done when keeping them in the garden. The bulbs, placed in a container with water, are protected from sunlight with any dark material (black paper, bag, etc.). After this, the hyacinths are transferred to a room where it is always cool. Naturally, the water will evaporate, so it needs to be added periodically.

Tip: from time to time, instead of water, use a solution of complex fertilizer. For example, you can independently prepare fertilizer for hyacinths during forcing by mixing 300 mg of potassium nitrate, 500 mg of potassium phosphate and 200 mg of magnesium sulfate in a liter of water. You can feed hyacinths with this solution once every two weeks.

At the end of the cooling period of hyacinths, they are transferred to rooms with more high temperature, continuing to keep the sprouts under a dark shelter. They are covered with a cap made of opaque material and left until the hyacinth sprouts grow to a height of 10 cm.

Hyacinth, driven out in water, is in no way inferior in beauty to a flower in a pot. In both cases, hyacinths will require care after flowering.

Why does the hyacinth bulb lose leaves and peduncle?

Every gardener can independently care for hyacinth at home. However, some situations can be confusing. For example, hyacinth has grown a green mass of leaves, but the flower stalk has not yet appeared. Out of curiosity, you begin to carefully move the leaves away, and... they, like the peduncle, remain in your hands! Instead, there was only a hole left on the bulb! And in this case, the hyacinth will definitely not bloom.

Reasons for the loss of peduncles and leaves in hyacinths:

The onion began to rot;
During the period of cold storage of the bulbs, the temperature regime was disrupted;
The earthen lump was overdried during cooling.

How to store hyacinth bulbs?

The beautiful hyacinth inflorescences have faded, but the plant needs further care after flowering. This is the most crucial moment in the development of the bulb, since during this period the future inflorescence is formed. The bulbs are dried, after which the remaining scales and roots are carefully cleaned off. All available planting material divided into sections and stored in boxes, placed in one layer. If a small baby has formed on the bulb, it is not separated. If the quantity of hyacinths is small, you can store them in paper bags.

The storage process is divided into two stages: for the first 2 months, hyacinths are kept at a temperature of 25-26°C, during the third month they are transferred to a room with a temperature of 17°C and sufficiently humidified air so that the bulbs do not dry out. If necessary, the first stage of storage is shortened by a week, keeping the bulbs for 7 days at a temperature of 30°C. A prerequisite is the presence of good ventilation in the room.

If hyacinths are planted in the fall, they are placed for a week in conditions similar to those in the garden. When planting hyacinths, you need to be careful, since small children form in large quantities during storage.

Hyacinth at home. Video

Bulbous hyacinth plants are suitable for growing both in the garden and at home. To successfully grow hyacinth in a pot on a windowsill, the plant needs to create favorable conditions, maximally reminiscent of the growing conditions of a flower in the garden. Then, with proper care, you can admire the flowering of this crop in winter time of the year. The flower is unpretentious, so even novice gardeners can take care of it.

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Description and popular varieties

Hyacinth (Hyacinthus) belongs to the Asparagus family. The plant is a pointed tube, at the end of which a dense green inflorescence appears. Over time, the leaves open and the inflorescence changes color. The length of the peduncle is up to 30 cm. Small flowers collected in brushes are densely located on it. Up to 30 flowers bloom on one stem, emitting a strong aroma.

The color of hyacinth flowers can be very diverse. In addition to varieties with a simple flower structure, breeders have bred terry varieties and varieties of hyacinth with different colors. When the hyacinth flowering ends, the entire above-ground part of the plant dies; next year it will grow from a new bud.

The most popular varieties of hyacinth grown by Russian flower growers are presented below.

Delft Blue is one of popular varieties blue hyacinths. The plant has a dense and wide inflorescence up to 15 cm high. Flowers can reach 4 cm in diameter. The flowering period of hyacinths of this variety is 25 days.

The Pink Pearl variety is an early variety. It has a cone-shaped inflorescence with bright pink flowers; there are dark stripes on the narrow perianth lobes. Feature This variety of hyacinths is distinguished by the presence of long bracts resembling leaves.

The hyacinth variety L'Innosance was bred in Holland back in 1863, but is still one of the most popular hyacinth varieties white. Peduncle of this early species grows up to 26 cm. Large flowers reach 4 cm in diameter.

The Midnight Mystique variety is the only black hyacinth available. To obtain it, breeders from the famous company Thompson & Morgan worked for 16 years. The result of this work was first presented in 2005 at the Chelsea exhibition.

water hyacinth is not actually a true hyacinth. The plant has leaves collected in the form of a rosette, which are kept on the surface due to the porous structure. Roots up to half a meter long are completely immersed in water. Flowers can be pink, blue or purple. They look like real hyacinth flowers, which explains the plant's name.

Planting hyacinths in a pot

For successful cultivation To grow hyacinths at home, you need to select high-quality planting material. Bulbs of at least 5 cm in diameter are suitable for this purpose. With the help of such bulbs it is easier to get a full-fledged plant. Bulbs small size may not produce flowers. In addition to size, it is necessary to pay attention to the condition of the planting material - it should be dense, without signs of rot or other damage. Before planting the bulbs in a pot, they must be treated with a disinfectant solution.

The pot in which hyacinths will grow should be wide and shallow. There must be drainage holes at the bottom. The soil for planting flowers must be fertile, contain a lot of organic matter and have a neutral acidity level. For this purpose, a peat-sand mixture or soil made from equal amount turf and leaf soil, compost and humus, with the addition of a small amount of peat and sand.

When growing hyacinths in room conditions It must be taken into account that to stimulate flowering, artificial forcing is used, which weakens the bulbs. In this regard, to restore the bulbs, they need to be replanted in the garden every two years.

Seeds

Growing hyacinths from seeds is rarely used, since plants planted in this way begin to bloom only in the 5th–6th year. To plant seeds after purchase, you will need a container or seedling box with drainage holes. A layer of expanded clay is placed on the bottom and the container is filled with soil consisting of 2 parts humus, 1 part sand and the same amount of leaf soil.

Seeds are planted in autumn in grooves 1.5 cm deep and sprinkled thin layer soil. For the winter, the container is placed in a cool place with moderate humidity to allow the vernalization period to pass. In March, the first shoots will appear, for which you need to provide careful care:

regularly remove weeds;
water moderately;
loosen the top layer of soil;
provide sufficient illumination with diffused light;
apply fertilizers to flowering plants.

The plants are left untouched for two years, and then the grown bulbs are dug up and stored. in the usual way.

Bulbs

It is more convenient to grow hyacinths from adult bulbs. To do this, place a drainage layer of expanded clay on the bottom of the selected pot and fill it with a small layer of prepared soil. Then lay a thin layer of sand and place the bulbs in it. They can be placed one at a time in a pot or several at once, keeping a distance of 2–3 cm between them. In this case, the bulbs should not come into contact with the walls of the pot. The planting material is carefully pressed into the soil and sprinkled with the remaining soil. Another thin layer of sand is poured on top to prevent rotting.

The bulbs should not be completely immersed in the ground; the tops must remain exposed to the air.

For rooting, plants need a period of rest, for which pots with bulbs are placed in a dark, cool place for 1.5 months. The basement can be used for this purpose. As a last resort, you can put pots of hyacinths in the refrigerator if the air temperature in it does not drop below +5 degrees. During the rooting period, it is necessary to periodically moisten the soil, preventing it from drying out.

When the bulbs take root, the pots are returned to a room with a temperature of up to +15 degrees. They remain in these conditions until flowering begins. Then the pots are transferred to a room with a temperature no higher than +20 degrees and placed away from heating devices so that flowering continues for as long as possible. The room should have good lighting and protection from drafts.

Hyacinth care

Hyacinths prefer moist soil, for which moderate watering is provided. In this case, excess moisture that accumulates in the pan after watering must be poured out to prevent rotting of the root system. The plant is watered carefully so that water does not fall on the flower stalks or accumulate in the axils of the leaves.

The plant must be fertilized systematically, since potting soil is quickly depleted. Bulbs in the dormant stage are periodically sprayed with a weak solution of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and the flowering plant is fed with fertilizers to stimulate flowering once every two weeks.

After flowering is completed, the flower stalks of the plant are cut off, watering and fertilizing are stopped. At this time, the bulb is restored and babies are formed. When the remains of the above-ground part of the plant dry out, the bulbs are removed from the ground, cleaned and sent to dry for three days. Then the children are separated from the mother bulb and planted in pots. The old bulb must be planted in a garden plot in open ground.

Plant propagation

Hyacinths reproduce by bulbs. From the mother bulb, up to 4 small children are naturally formed per year. This number can be increased artificially by using propagation by cutting the bottom or cutting it.

Cutting must necessarily be preceded by a period of rest so that the mother bulb regains its strength. The bottom is cut out with a spoon or knife, being careful not to touch the main fabric. Then the cut is treated with a fungicide and placed in a tray with sand with the cut part facing up. In this form, the bulbs are stored at a temperature of +20 degrees.

After a few months, up to 40 young bulbs appear at the cut site. Then the bulb is placed in a pot with soil so that the bulbs are lightly sprinkled with soil, and put away in a cool place. With the onset of spring, the first shoots appear from the children, and the old bulb dies. When the growing season is completed, the young ones are removed from the ground and raised separately.

The cut is easier to make. This procedure produces a smaller number of children, but they are larger in size and are able to begin flowering after 2 years. In this case, several cuts 5 mm deep are made on the bottom of a large hyacinth bulb with a sharp knife and put in a warm, dry place so that the cuts can open better. Then the cut site is disinfected and the bulb is planted in the same way as when cutting the bottom.

Hyacinth is a bulbous plant that can be successfully grown both in the garden and at home. Therefore, many amateur gardeners want to grow this flower on their windowsill so that they can admire it even in winter, during the cold season. Such a desire is quite feasible. However, for successful cultivation of hyacinth, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions that are as close to garden conditions as possible, and to provide it with proper care.

Preparing to grow hyacinth at home

To date, breeders have developed several dozen varieties of hyacinth. And most of them are suitable for growing at home. But in order to grow strong and beautiful flower you need to prepare properly:

Bulb selection. First you need to select suitable material for landing. It is recommended to use bulbs with a diameter of at least 5 cm. Because it is easier to grow a full-fledged plant from a large bulb. A small bulb may throw out leaves, but not produce flowers. In addition, you need to make sure that it is dense, without rot or damage. And immediately before planting, it is advisable to treat it with a disinfectant solution.
Choosing a pot. Then you need to select the appropriate pot. It should be wide and shallow. The pot must have drainage holes.
Soil preparation. You can buy soil or prepare it yourself. To do this, you need to mix turf, compost, leaf soil, humus and add no a large number of sand and peat.

When growing hyacinth at home, there is one caveat - this flower cannot bloom for several years in a row. Flowering is stimulated by artificial forcing, which weakens the bulbs. Therefore, after 1–2 years they need to be planted in the garden so that they go through a recovery period.

Planting and caring for hyacinths indoors

After preparation necessary materials, you can start planting the bulbs. Correct fit and caring for hyacinths indoors include the following steps:

A drainage layer is laid on the bottom of the pot; expanded clay is well suited for these purposes.
Cover with a small layer of soil.
Then a thin layer of fine sand is placed.
Bulbs are placed on top of the sand. You can plant one bulb in a pot, or several, so that during flowering a whole bouquet is formed. In the latter case, the bulbs are laid out so that they do not come into contact with each other or with the pot ( optimal distance 2–3 cm).
The bulbs are carefully pressed into the ground and covered with the remaining soil. The top of the soil can be sprinkled with a thin layer of sand to protect the planting material from rotting.

The bulbs are not completely immersed in the soil; their tops must remain in the air.

Now the plants are given a period of rest so that the bulbs take root well. The pot is placed for 1.5–2.5 months in a dark and cool place, for example, in a basement. The air temperature in this room should be from +5 to +10 degrees. If there is no basement or cellar, flowers can be placed in the refrigerator. However, be sure to ensure that the temperature in it is at least 5 degrees Celsius. During this period, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the soil to prevent it from drying out.

A dormant period is necessary for the successful cultivation of hyacinths indoors. If the plant is brought out into the light earlier, it may still be weak, develop poorly and, as a result, not bloom. It is also not recommended to keep it in the dark. The plant will throw out its leaves, all its strength will go into them, and as a result the formation of buds will be delayed.

After the bulbs have rooted, an artificial spring is arranged for the hyacinths; for this, the flowers are moved into the house. Here hyacinths should be kept in a bright room, with a recommended air temperature of +10–15 degrees.

As soon as the plant begins to bloom, it is transferred to the desired room and placed away from radiators. In order for hyacinth to delight its owners with lush, luxurious flowers for a long time, the air temperature should not be higher than +20 degrees. In addition, it is necessary to exclude the existence of drafts and provide the plant with good lighting.

How to care for hyacinth at home?

To grow lush, beautiful flowers, you need to take care of them. How to care for hyacinth at home so that it blooms as quickly as possible and pleases its owners with beautiful flowers for a long time?

Caring for hyacinth is relatively simple and includes three mandatory components:

watering;
good lighting;
fertilizer.

Watering. The basis for caring for hyacinth indoors is proper watering. The soil must be moist, so you must carefully ensure that it does not dry out and water the plant in a timely manner. This requirement is important during growth, flowering and wintering. However, stagnation of water is also destructive for this plant and can provoke fungal infection. Therefore, you need to make sure that excess water goes into the pan, and be sure to drain it from there.

During watering, you only need to moisten the soil and make sure that water does not get on the buds, bulbs or in the axils of the leaves. To do this, it is recommended to pour water into the edge of the pot or tray.

Good lighting. From time to time it is necessary to turn the flower towards the light different sides. This promotes uniform plant growth. In the evening and on cloudy days, you can additionally illuminate the plant using fluorescent lamps. If there is insufficient lighting, the plant may wither, shed leaves and young buds.

Forcing hyacinths at home

A nice feature of hyacinth is the ability to combine its flowering with a certain period or holiday. For this purpose, hyacinths are forced out at home. It comes in three types:

early - the bulbs are planted in October, and the hyacinth blooms by the New Year;
medium - planting is carried out in November, and flowering occurs at the end of January - beginning of February;
late - the bulbs are planted in December - January and the flowers are admired in March - April.

The period from planting to flowering averages 2.5–3 months.

For successful forcing of hyacinths at home, the bulbs must go through several stages of preparation with a gradual decrease in air temperature. After digging, they should be stored in a warm and warm place for 2 weeks. damp place with an air temperature of +28–30 degrees. Then for 2 weeks they are placed in a cool room with a temperature of +22–25 degrees. Further, for 2 weeks even colder conditions are created - +15–17 degrees. And after this, the bulbs are ready to be planted in a pot.

What to do after hyacinth blooms?

Like all flowering plants, hyacinth fades over time. What to do with hyacinth after flowering at home? To save its life, it is necessary to cut off the flower stalks and not stop watering and fertilizing the plant until the leaves completely wither. At this time, the mother bulb is restored and can form daughter bulbs.

Then you need to remove the hyacinth from the ground, clean off the withered leaves and put the bulb to dry for 2-3 days. If after digging up the bulb the children are already well developed, you can separate them. If they are difficult to disconnect, it is better not to touch them until next year. Since it is advisable not to use faded bulbs for re-forcing, they are transplanted to garden plot. Planting is carried out in the fall, and in next year they are already delighting their owners with flowers in the flowerbed.

To obtain bulbs that can be used for indoor growing, the plant is not allowed to bloom normally. The buds are cut off so that the bulb can recover. In the fall, it is taken out of the ground, dried and the forcing procedure is carried out again.

Propagation of hyacinths at home

Hyacinth reproduces by children (daughter bulbs), which are carefully detached from the adult bulb. Natural division occurs slowly; in one year, the mother bulb can form a maximum of 4 children. Therefore, in floriculture, an artificial method of propagating hyacinths at home is used. To quickly get a large number of children, they practice special techniques - cutting and notching the bottom.

Before artificial propagation begins, the bulbs are treated with a 1% solution of potassium permanganate and dried at an air temperature of +20–23 degrees for 2–3 days.

Cutting the bottom. This technique is carried out after a period of rest. Using a teaspoon, carefully cut out the bottom of the bulbs, then store them in boxes with the cut side up at an air temperature of at least +21 degrees. After 2–3 months, small babies in the amount of 20–40 pieces begin to form on the sections.

After the babies appear, the bulb is planted in a cool greenhouse. Young bulbs begin to grow and throw out their first leaves. After the growing season, they are taken out of the ground, separated and planted for growing. After 3-4 years, the ripened bulbs throw out their first flower stalks.

Notching the bottom. This method is similar to the previous one, with the difference that the bottom is not cut out, but 2–4 cuts 0.5–0.6 cm deep are made in it. Processing and storage conditions are the same as in the first method. The number of children with this method decreases (8–15 pieces), but they will be larger and stronger. The growing period in this case is reduced to 2–3 years.

The process of growing hyacinths at home is not at all difficult, but very fruitful. To successfully complete it you need to have a great desire and a little patience. And, of course, follow all the rules and recommendations that relate to planting and caring for hyacinths indoors.

Caring for hyacinth in a pot at home

To grow hyacinth in a pot and decorate your room with it, acquire a minimum amount of knowledge about caring for plants. The flower is undemanding and develops well in almost any conditions. For long flowering and long-term cultivation create an optimal microclimate for hyacinth.

Planting hyacinth

Plant the plant in early October. First, sort through the bulbs and make sure there is no damage or rot. Tubers with a diameter of 5 cm or more are suitable for planting in a pot; only shoots grow from small ones; buds are not set. Select a small container so that the distance from the planting material to the walls is no more than 3 cm.

Source: Depositphotos

The growth and development of hyacinth in a pot is possible with minimal care

Place drainage at the bottom of the pot broken bricks or crushed stone, then pour a layer of sand 2 cm thick. Make a substrate from peat, compost and sand, mix the components in equal proportions. Plant 3 bulbs per pot, 2/3 deep into the ground so that the root collar remains on the surface. For successful rooting do the following:

pour cool water;
wrap the pot in a thick opaque bag;
take it to a pantry, cellar, garage or other cool and dark place, leave for 7–8 weeks;
Check the soil periodically for moisture.

When the shoots grow 5–7 cm, bring the flower into the house and feed it with complex liquid fertilizer. Do not place hyacinth near a radiator or near open windows, water every other day in small portions. After the first buds have formed, move the pot to permanent place.

Home care for hyacinth in a pot

When growing a flower indoors, remember that hyacinth is garden plant. Try to create a microclimate that is familiar to him. The most important indicators for hyacinth are:

Soil moisture. In nature, hyacinth is found in tropical latitudes, which are characterized by prolonged rainfall. Therefore, the flower does not tolerate drought well. Water 3-4 times a week with water at room temperature.
Lighting. During the growing season, keep hyacinth on south-facing windows or a balcony, then put it in a dark corner.
Temperature. In summer, maintain this indicator within 22–25 °C, in winter - not lower than 16 °C. Sudden changes in temperature lead to wilting and shedding of buds.

To reduce the number of waterings, add hydrogel to the soil, which will retain moisture. It is not necessary to feed indoor hyacinth. Only during the flowering period apply to the soil once every 2 months. mineral fertilizers. Do not use organic matter, as such compositions change the acid-base balance of the soil, which negatively affects the development of hyacinth.

When the plant fades and the leaves begin to fall, start preparing the flower for the next season. Cut the stem at the base, dig up the bulbs and treat them with potassium permanganate. Store at a temperature of 16–25 °C.

Hyacinth is often grown as a annual plant. Provide the flower with proper care and admire its beauty for several years.

When the winter cold is outside and the ground is covered with snow, the room is decorated with pink, white, blue, yellow, violet, and scarlet colors by blooming hyacinths. It's bulbous fragrant plant at home it can bloom at almost any time of the year. To achieve its flowering, you need to know the rules for forcing bulbs and the peculiarities of growing the plant. Caring for hyacinths is simple, so many gardeners grow these flowers on their windowsill.

Description and varieties of hyacinths with photos

The plant is a flower spadix, growing up to 30 cm in length. A dense bulb consists of lower leaves, which with their bases surround the bottom of the bulb. The thick and greatly shortened part of the stem is a continuation of the bottom. Hyacinth flowers have the shape of bells, the edges of which are very pointed. After flowering, the green leaves and stem dry out, and a bud begins to form inside the bulb, growing into an onion. In a young bulb, a stem with flowers that will bloom next year is initially laid in a compressed form.

The plant has about two thousand species, each of which is beautiful in its own way. Oriental hyacinth grows best at home.

Oriental hyacinth - the best varieties

A perennial bulbous plant with spherical or spherical bulbs grows up to 30 cm. Each bulb produces 5-8 bright green matte or shiny leaves. Fragrant flowers sit in the axils of the bracts on short stalks. They can be bell-shaped or campanulate-funnel-shaped. Oriental hyacinth blooms with simple or double flowers of yellow, pink, blue, purple, indigo or white. Plant varieties differ in terms of flowering time, size and color of inflorescences, and height of the peduncle.

Most Popular varieties for indoor cultivation:

Hyacinth Ostara grows up to 25-30 cm and has a loose inflorescence, the length of which reaches 11-13 cm. For three weeks it blooms with bright violet-blue flowers with a diameter of 4 cm.
The Amethyst variety is distinguished by pale purple dense inflorescences 9 cm long. The height of the plant itself reaches 25 cm. Each inflorescence consists of 18-20 flowers. Amethyst does not bloom for long - only seven or eight days.
Hyacinth Rosalia grows up to 20 cm and blooms pink flowers. On its narrow inflorescence medium density There are about 10-15 flowers with a diameter of 2 cm. The flowering period of Rosalia is very short.
The Sunflower variety is distinguished by creamy, heavily double flowers that grow on medium-density inflorescences 10 cm long. The diameter of each flower reaches 3.5 cm. The plant itself grows up to 19-20 cm. It blooms for no more than two weeks.
Hyacinth La Victoire is very popular among gardeners for its dense inflorescences, blooming bright red flowers. Plant height – 20 cm.

After looking at the photo different types hyacinths, you will definitely want to grow this flower at home.

Caring for hyacinth indoors

Caring for the plant is not difficult, but you must follow some rules.

Lighting

Hyacinth refers to light-loving plants. Therefore, in order for a hyacinth flower to bloom beautifully and for a long time at home, the plant requires good lighting. On cloudy days and in the evenings, especially in winter period time, the flower needs additional lighting fluorescent lamps. Otherwise, the plant will shed young buds and leaves, or even wither. To ensure uniform growth of the plant, the flower pot must be periodically turned in different directions towards the light source.

Temperature

At home, hyacinth needs ensure the temperature is within 20-22C. The plant is contraindicated in drafts and sudden temperature changes. This could lead to his death. During the winter season, it is not recommended to place a flower pot next to heating appliances.

Support

Dense hyacinth inflorescences may bend due to the weight of the flowers. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to build a support next to the still unblown inflorescence.

Watering

Proper watering is the basis of care indoor hyacinths. The plant requires timely watering. You need to make sure that the soil in the pot is always slightly damp. This is especially important for the plant during wintering, growth and flowering.

Stagnation of water should not be allowed, since the bulbs may begin to rot, a fungal disease will develop, and the plant will die. Therefore, water pours out of the pan immediately after watering.

During watering, water should not get into the axils of the leaves, onto the bulb and buds. This can cause the plant to rot and develop fungal disease. You need to pour water near the edge of the pot.

Top dressing

Twice a month hyacinths need to be fed. To do this, it is recommended to use special fertilizers for bulbous plants, which are sold in specialized stores.

Forcing hyacinths should begin with the selection of healthy planting material of the required size. The bulb must be at least 5 cm in diameter. It is almost impossible to grow a full-fledged plant from a small bulb. The bulb chosen for planting must be dense and free from mechanical damage and rotting areas.

Before planting the bulb in a pot, it must go through several stages:

The faded and trimmed bulb is dug out of the pot and placed in a humid room with an air temperature of 22-25 degrees.
After two weeks, the bulb should be moved to cooler conditions, where the temperature will be from 15 to 17 degrees.

Now the bulb can be planted in a pot. In order for the hyacinth flower to bloom by the New Year, forcing should begin in September.

Planting in a pot

A container for planting can be purchased at the store. It shouldn't be very deep. The bottom of the pot must have holes.

Drainage is placed at the bottom of the container, and then soil. The soil mixture for planting hyacinths should consist of compost, leaf and turf land, with the addition of peat and sand.

The bulb is placed in a pot filled with soil, presses slightly into the ground and sprinkled with soil on top. Its top should remain above the surface of the earth. If several bulbs will be planted in one container at once, then they need to be placed closely. However, it is impossible for the planting material to swing against each other and the edges of the container.

Planted hyacinths are not immediately placed in a permanent place. First they need to create a period of rest, which will last about two months. To do this, the pot is placed in a cellar, another cool room or in a refrigerator with a temperature of 5-7 degrees. Caring for the bulbs at this time consists of rarely watering the soil, which should be kept moist all the time.

During this period, the bulbs will take root well, and the hyacinth will bloom at home.

IN warm room the plant is transferred after the bulbs throw out a pair of leaves. The pot is placed in a bright place with an air temperature of no more than 15 degrees.

Hyacinths are placed in a permanent place only after the inflorescences appear.

After the plant blooms, many do not know what to do with it next. In this case, everyone must choose for themselves. You can simply throw the plant away, or try to save and reproduce.

If you decide to keep the hyacinth bulb, then first of all you will need to trim off the faded flower stalks. Next, while the leaves are still green, the plant needs to continue to be watered. The bulbs gain strength after flowering. At the same time, daughter bulbs can grow on them.

When the leaves on the plant also dry out, the bulb will need to be removed from the pot, shake off the soil and leave it to dry for three days. If there are daughter bulbs, then they can be separated immediately after digging.

Faded bulbs for re-forcing They are usually not suitable for use at home. Therefore, in the fall they are planted in the garden, where next spring they will delight with their flowering.

Propagation of hyacinths

Hyacinths reproduce by daughter bulbs, of which no more than four can be formed per year. In order to immediately get a large number of children at home, experienced flower growers practice special techniques. They cut or cut out the bottom.

Such reproduction is carried out after a period of rest. First, the bulbs are treated in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate and dried at room temperature in three days. Only after this can you begin the reproduction procedure.

Notching the bottom

This method of reproduction takes place in several stages:

After about two to three years, the plant will throw out its first flower stalks.

Cutting the bottom

This method of propagation differs from the previous one only in that the bottom is not cut, but cut out. This is done using a teaspoon. Processing and storage are carried out in exactly the same way. However, as a result of daughter bulbs, albeit small ones, the result is from 20 to 40 pieces. Such onions ripen a little longer - within 3-4 years.

In order for a beautiful hyacinth flower to become an excellent addition to your interior, and you can admire its blooming, you need to choose for it appropriate place, and organize proper care. With a little patience and a lot of desire, you can even propagate and grow hyacinths yourself at home.

Planting and caring for hyacinths