Heating per square meter. Correct calculation of the number of sections of heating batteries

Dear users of our resource! On our website you have the opportunity to choose a radiator yourself. This means that you can yourself calculate the number of radiators required for installation in each room. In order to make this calculation, you have at your disposal certain calculated information, only then you can select radiators with greater accuracy. Information required to determine the number of radiator sections: The main of them is the heat output of the radiator (heat transfer) - this is a value that shows how much heat energy is given off by the radiator in a certain unit of time. Heat output is expressed in watts. For each radiator, this value is determined by the manufacturer. Let's move on to the calculation part. From the above, we come to the conclusion that it is necessary to determine the thermal power required to heat a particular room, for this we just need the size of the room. Next step. Be patient, find a pencil, paper, tape measure and prepare the following information for the correct selection of radiators: type of windows, quality of insulation, area of windows and floors, average temperature of the coldest week of the year, type of room above the calculated one, size of the room. So, if you have collected all the necessary information, let's get started.

Selection of a heating radiator (calculation of the number of sections)

Now you need to decide which radiators you want to install: aluminum radiators (extrusion and die-cast); steel radiators (tubular, panel); bimetallic radiators (extrusion and die-cast); cast iron radiators (tubular). So, if you have already opted for a certain type of radiator, then the next question that arises is how to choose a radiator from the existing variety that meets specific requirements. You can learn how to choose a heating radiator in the section "Articles" - "Articles about heating radiators"

When designing heating systems, a mandatory measure is to calculate the power of heating devices. The result obtained largely influences the choice of one or another equipment - heating radiators and heating boilers (if the project is carried out for private houses that are not connected to central heating systems).

The most popular at the moment are batteries made in the form of interconnected sections. In this article, we will just talk about how to calculate the number of radiator sections.

Methods for calculating the number of battery sections

In order to calculate the number of heating radiator sections, you can use three main methods. The first two are fairly light, but they give only an approximate result, which is suitable for typical multi-storey buildings. This includes the calculation of radiator sections by the area of the room or by its volume. Those. in this case, it is enough to find out the required parameter (area or volume) of the room and insert it into the appropriate formula for calculation.

The third method involves the use for calculations of many different coefficients that determine the heat loss of the room. This includes the size and type of windows, floor, type of wall insulation, ceiling height and other criteria that affect heat loss. Heat loss can also occur for various reasons associated with mistakes and shortcomings in the construction of a house. For example, there is a cavity inside the walls, the insulation layer has cracks, defects in the building material, etc. Thus, the search for all causes of heat leakage is one of the prerequisites for performing an accurate calculation. For this, thermal imagers are used, displaying on the monitor the places of heat leakage from the room.

All this is done in order to select such a power of the radiators, which compensates for the total value of heat loss. Let's consider each method of calculating battery sections separately and give an illustrative example for each of them.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections by the area of the room

This method is the simplest. To obtain the result, you will need to multiply the area of the room by the value of the radiator power required for heating 1 sq.m. This value is given in SNiP, and it is:

60-100W for the middle climatic zone of Russia (Moscow);
120-200W for areas located to the north.

The calculation of radiator sections according to the averaged power parameter is carried out by multiplying it by the value of the area of the room. So, 20 sq.m. will require for heating: 20 * 60 (100) = 1200 (2000) W

Further, the resulting number must be divided by the power value of one section of the radiator. To find out what area 1 section of the radiator is designed for, it is enough to open the data sheet of the equipment. Suppose that the section power is 200W, and the total power required for heating is 1600W (take the arithmetic mean). It remains only to clarify how many radiator sections are needed per 1 m2. To do this, we divide the value of the required power for heating by the power of one section: 1600/200 = 8

Result: for heating a room with an area of 20 sq. m. an 8-section radiator is required (provided that the power of one section is 200W).

The calculation of heating radiator sections by the value of the area of the room gives only an approximate result. In order not to be mistaken with the number of sections, it is best to make calculations on the condition that for heating 1 sq.m. a power of 100W is required.

This, as a result, will increase the overall costs of installing the heating system, and therefore such a calculation is not always appropriate, especially with a limited budget. A more accurate, but still the same, approximate result will be given by the following method.

The method of this calculation is similar to the previous one, except that now from SNiP you will need to find out the power value for heating not 1 square meter, but a cubic meter of the room. According to SNiP, these are:

41W for heating rooms in panel-type buildings; 34W for brick houses.

As an example, let's take the same room with an area of 20 sq. m., and set the conditional ceiling height - 2.9 m. In this case, the volume will be equal: 20 * 2.9 = 58 cubic meters

From this: 58 * 41 = 2378 W for a panel house 58 * 34 = 1972 W for a brick house

We divide the results obtained by the value of the power of one section. Total: 2378/200 = 11.89 (panel house) 1972/200 = 9.86 (brick house)

If you round up to a larger number, then for heating a room of 20 sq. m. panel will need 12-section, and for a brick house 10-section radiators. And this figure is also approximate. In order to calculate with high accuracy how many battery sections are needed for space heating, it is necessary to use a more complex method, which will be discussed below.

To carry out an accurate calculation, special coefficients are introduced into the general formula, which can both increase (increase coefficient) the value of the minimum radiator power for heating the room, and decrease it (decrease coefficient).

In fact, there are many factors influencing the power value, but we will use the most those that are easy to calculate and with which it is easy to operate. The coefficient depends on the values of the following room parameters:

Ceiling height:
- With a height of 2.5 m, the coefficient is 1;
- At 3m - 1.05;
- At 3.5m - 1.1;
- At 4m - 1.15.
Type of glazing of windows in the room:
- Simple double glass - coefficient is 1.27;
- Double-glazed unit of 2 glasses - 1;
- Triple glazing - 0.87.
Percentage of window area from the total area of the room (for ease of determination, you can divide the area of the window by the area of the room and then multiply by 100):
- If the result of calculations is 50%, the coefficient is taken as 1.2;
- 40-50% – 1,1;
- 30-40% – 1;
- 20-30% – 0,9;
- 10-20% – 0,8.
Thermal insulation of walls:
- Low level of thermal insulation - the coefficient is 1.27;
- Good thermal insulation (laying in two bricks or insulation 15-20cm) - 1.0;
- Increased thermal insulation (wall from 50cm thick or insulation from 20cm) - 0.85.
The average value of the minimum temperature in winter, which can last a week:
- -35 degrees - 1.5;
- -25 – 1,3;
- -20 – 1,1;
- -15 – 0,9;
- -10 – 0,7.
Number of external (end) walls:
- 1 end wall - 1.1;
- 2 walls - 1.2;
- 3 walls - 1.3.
Room type above the heated room:
- Unheated attic - 1;
- Heated attic - 0.9;
- Heated living quarters - 0.85.

Hence, it is clear that if the coefficient is higher than one, then it is considered increasing, if lower - decreasing. If its value is one, then it does not affect the result in any way. To make a calculation, it is necessary to multiply each of the coefficients by the value of the area of the room and the average specific value of heat losses per 1 sq. M., Which is (according to SNiP) 100W.

Thus, we have the formula: Q_T = γ * S * K_1 * ... * K_7, where

Q_T is the required power of all radiators for heating the room;

Room area - 18 sq. M .;
Ceiling height - 3m;
Window with ordinary double glass;
Window area 3 sq.m., i.e. 3/18 * 100 = 16.6%;
Thermal insulation - double brick;
The minimum temperature outside for a week in a row is -20 degrees;
One end (outer) wall;
The room above is a heated living room.

Now let's replace the alphabetic values with numeric ones and get: Q_T = 100 * 18 * 1.05 * 1.27 * 0.8 * 1 * 1.3 * 1.1 * 0.85≈2334 W

It remains to divide the result by the power value of one radiator section. Let's say that is not equal to 160W: 2334/160 = 14.5

Those. for heating a room with an area of 18 sq.m. and the given heat loss coefficients will require a radiator with 15 sections (rounded up).

There is another simple way of how to calculate the sections of radiators, focusing on the material of their manufacture. In fact, this method does not give an accurate result, but it helps to estimate the approximate number of battery sections that will need to be used in a room.

Heating batteries are usually divided into 3 types, depending on the material of their manufacture. These are bimetallic, in which metal and plastic are used (usually as an outer coating), cast iron and aluminum radiators. The calculation of the number of battery sections made of a particular material is the same in all cases. Here it is enough to use the average value of the power that one section of the radiator can produce, and the value of the area that this section is able to heat up:

For aluminum batteries, this is 180W and 1.8 sq. m;
Bimetallic - 185W and 2 sq.m .;
Cast iron - 145W and 1.5 sq.m.

Using a simple calculator, the calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators can be done by dividing the area of the room by the value of the area that one section of the radiator from the metal of interest to us can heat up. Let's take a room of 18 sq. m. Then we get:

18 / 1.8 = 10 sections (aluminum);
18/2 = 9 (bimetal);
18 / 1.5 = 12 (cast iron).

The area that one section of the radiator can heat up is not always indicated. Usually manufacturers indicate its power. In this case, you will need to calculate the total power required to heat the room using any of the above methods. If we take the calculation in terms of the area and the power required to warm up 1 sq.m., 80W (according to SNiP), then we get: 20 * 80 = 1800/180 = 10 sections (aluminum); 20 * 80 = 1800/185 = 9.7 sections (bimetal); 20 * 80 = 1800/145 = 12.4 sections (cast iron);

Rounding the decimal numbers to one side, we get approximately the same result, as in the case of calculations by area.

It is important to understand that calculating the number of metal sections for making a radiator is the most inaccurate method. It can help you decide on the choice in favor of this or that battery, and with nothing else.

And finally, advice. Almost every manufacturer of heating equipment or an online store on its website places a special calculator for calculating the number of heating radiator sections. It is enough to enter the required parameters into it, and the program will output the desired result. But, if you do not trust the robot, then the calculations, as you can see, are quite easy to do and independently, even on a sheet of paper.

Still have questions? Call or email us!

In the conditions of the harsh Russian winter, correctly selected radiators are the key to a comfortable temperature. For the correct calculation, it is necessary to take into account many nuances - from the size of the room to the average temperature. Such complex calculations are usually performed by specialists, but you can do them yourself, taking into account possible errors.

The easiest and fastest way to calculate

To quickly estimate the required heat dissipation of the battery, you can use the simplest formula... Calculate the area of the room (length in meters multiplied by width in meters), and then multiply the result by 100.

Q = S × 100, where:

Q is the required heat transfer from the heater.
S is the area of the heated room.
100 - the number of watts per 1 m2 at a standard ceiling height of 2.7 m according to GOST.

Calculating indicators using this formula is very simple. To set the required values, you need a tape measure, a sheet of paper, and a pen. At the same time, it is important to remember that this method of calculation only suitable for non-separable radiators... In addition, the received results will be approximate- many important indicators remain unaccounted for.

Area calculation

This type of calculation is one of the simplest. It does not take into account a number of indicators: the number of windows, the presence of external walls, the degree of insulation of the room, etc.

However, different types of radiators have a number of features that must be taken into account. They will be discussed below.

Bimetallic, aluminum and cast iron radiators

As a rule, they are installed instead of cast iron predecessors. In order for the new heating element to serve no worse, you need to correctly calculate the number of sections depending on the area of the room.

Bimetal has several features:

The heat dissipation of such batteries is higher than that of cast iron. For example, if the temperature of the coolant is about 90 degrees C, then the average values will be 150 W for cast iron and 200 for bimetal.
Over time, plaque appears on the internal surfaces of the radiators, as a result of which their efficiency decreases.

The formula for calculating the number of sections is as follows:

N = S * 100 / X, where:

N is the number of sections.
S is the area of the room.
100 is the minimum power of the radiator per 1 square meter.
X is the declared heat transfer of one section.

This method of calculation also suitable for new cast iron radiators... But, unfortunately, this formula does not take into account some peculiarities:

Suitable for rooms with ceiling heights up to 3 meters.
The calculation does not take into account the number of windows, the degree of insulation of the room.
Not suitable for the northern regions of Russia, where the temperature regime in winter is significantly different from the average.

Read also: Connecting a heating radiator to a two-pipe system

Steel radiators

Panel steel batteries vary in size and capacity. The number of panels varies from one to three. They are combined with various types of ribbing (these are corrugated metal plates inside). To figure out which battery to take into account, you need to familiarize yourself with all types:

Type 10. Contains only one panel. These batteries are thin, lightweight, but low-power.
Type 11. Combines one panel and one finning plate. They are slightly larger and heavier than the previous ones, but they are warmer.
Type 21. Between the two panels there is one finning plate.
Type 22. The design assumes the presence of two panels and two corrugated plates. It has more heat dissipation than model 21.
Type 33. The most powerful and largest battery. As follows from the license plate, it contains three panels and the same number of corrugated plates.

Selecting a panel battery is somewhat more difficult than a sectional one. To determine the configuration, you need calculate heat using the above formula, and then find the corresponding value in the table. The tabular grid will help you choose the number of panels and the required dimensions.

For example, the area of the premises is 18 sq. M. At the same time, the ceiling height, according to the norm, is 2.7 m. The required heat transfer coefficient is 100 W. Therefore, 18 needs to be multiplied by 100, then find the closest value (1800 W) in the table:

Type of	11				12				22
Height	300	400	500	600	300	400	500	600	300	400	500	600
Length, mm	Heat transfer indicators, W
400	298	379	459	538	372	473	639	745	510	642	772	900
500	373	474	574	673	465	591	799	931	638	803	965	1125
600	447	568	688	808	558	709	958	1117	766	963	1158	1349
700	522	663	803	942	651	827	1118	1303	893	1124	1351	1574
800	596	758	918	1077	744	946	1278	1490	1021	1284	1544	1799
900	671	852	1032	1211	837	1064	1437	1676	1148	1445	1737	2024
1000	745	947	1147	1346	930	1182	1597	1862	1276	1605	1930	2249
1100	820	1042	1262	1481	1023	1300	1757	2048	1404	1766	2123	2474
1200	894	1136	1376	1615	1168	1418	1916	2234	1531	1926	2316	2699
1400	1043	1326	1606	1884	1302	1655	2236	2607	1786	2247	2702	3149
1600	1192	1515	1835	2154	1488	1891	2555	2979	2042	2558	3088	3598
1800	1341	1705	2065	2473	1674	2128	2875	3352	2297	2889	3474	4048
2000	1490	1894	2294	2692	1860	2364	3194	3724	2552	3210	3860	4498

Read also: Heating radiators or underfloor heating

Volume calculation

The volume calculation method is considered more accurate. In addition, it should be used if the room is non-standard, for example, if the ceiling height is much higher than the generally accepted 2.7 meters. The formula for calculating heat transfer is as follows:

Q = S × h × 40 (34)

S is the area of the room.
h is the height of the walls from floor to ceiling in meters.
40 - coefficient for a panel house.
34 is the coefficient for a brick house.

The principles for calculating the required dimensions of the battery remain the same for both sectional (bimetallic, aluminum, cast iron) and panel (steel) ones.

Making an amendment

For the most accurate calculations, you need to add to the standard formula several coefficients that affect the heating efficiency.

Connection type

The heat transfer of the battery depends on how the pipes for the inlet and outlet of the coolant are located. There are the following types of connections and multiplying factors (I) for them:

Diagonal, when feeding from above, outflow from below (I = 1.0).
One-way connection with top flow and bottom return (I = 1.03).
Double-sided, where the input-output is located below, but on different sides (I = 1.13).
Diagonal, when the feed is from the bottom, the outflow is from the top (I = 1.25).
One-way, in which the entrance is at the bottom, the exit is at the top (I = 1.28).
The supply and return are from the bottom, on one side of the battery (I = 1.28).

Location

The location of the radiator on a flat wall, in a niche or behind a decorative casing is important indicator which can significantly affect thermal performance.

Location options and their coefficients (J):

The battery is on an open wall, the window sill does not hang from above (J = 0.9).
Above the heater is a shelf or window sill (J = 1.0).
The radiator is fixed in a wall niche, and is covered from above with a ledge (J = 1.07).
A window sill hangs over the heater, and from the front side it is partially covered by a decorative panel (J = 1.12).
The radiator is located inside a decorative casing (J = 1.2).

Walls and roof

Thin or well-insulated walls, the nature of the upper rooms, roofs, as well as the orientation of the apartment to the cardinal points - all these indicators only seem insignificant. In fact, they can keep the lion's share of the heat or even cool the apartment. Therefore, they should also be included in the formula.

Coefficient A - the number of external walls in the room:

1 outer wall (A = 1.0).
2 outer walls (A = 1.2).
3 outer walls (A = 1.3).
All walls are external (A = 1.4).

The next indicator is orientation to the cardinal points(V). If the room is north or east, then B = 1.1. In southern or western rooms, the sun warms up more, therefore, a multiplying factor is not needed, B = 1.

To keep the house warm and cozy, it is not enough to choose the right batteries - it is necessary to accurately calculate the required number of battery sections in order to warm up the entire room.

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Area counting

You can calculate the approximate number of sections if you know the area of the room in which the batteries will be installed. This is the most primitive calculation method, it works well for houses where the ceiling height is small (2.4-2.6 m).

The correct performance of the radiators is calculated in terms of "heat output". According to the standards for heating one "square" of the area of an apartment, 100 watts is needed - this is the figure that multiplies the total area. For example, a room of 25 square meters will require 2500 watts.

Section types

The amount of heat calculated in this way is divided by the heat transfer from the battery section (specified by the manufacturer). The fractional number in the calculations is rounded up (so that the radiator is guaranteed to cope with heating). If batteries are chosen for rooms with low heat loss or additional heating devices (for example, for a kitchen), you can round the result down - the lack of power will not be noticeable.

Let's take an example:

If it is planned to install heating radiators with a heat transfer of 204 W in a room of 25 square meters, the formula will look like this: 100 W (power for heating 1 square meter) * 25 square meters (total area) / 204 W (heat transfer from one radiator section ) = 12.25. Rounding the number up, we get 13 - the number of battery sections that will be required to heat the room.

Note!

For a kitchen of the same area, it is enough to take 12 sections of radiators.

Calculating the number of heating radiator sections video:

Additional factors

The number of radiators per square meter depends on the characteristics of a particular room (the presence of interior doors, the number and tightness of windows) and even on the location of the apartment in the building. A room with a loggia or balcony, especially if they are not glazed, gives off heat faster. A room on the corner of a building, where not one, but two walls are in contact with the "outside world", will require more batteries.

The number of battery sections required to heat the room is also influenced by the material used for the construction of the building, and the presence of additional insulating cladding on the walls. In addition, rooms with courtyard windows will retain heat better than those with windows facing the street and require fewer heating elements.

For each of the rapidly cooling rooms, the required power, calculated from the area of the room, should be increased by 15-20%. Based on this number, the required number of sections is calculated.

Connection difference

Counting sections by volume

Calculating the volume of a room is more accurate than calculating the area, although the general principle remains the same. This scheme also takes into account the height of the ceiling in the house.

According to the standard, 41 watts are required for 1 cubic meter of space. For rooms with high-quality modern finishes, where the windows are double-glazed, and the walls are treated with insulation, the required value is only 34 watts. The volume is calculated by multiplying the area by the ceiling height (in meters).

For example, the volume of a room is 25 square meters with a ceiling height of 2.5 m: 25 * 2.5 = 62.5 cubic meters. A room of the same area, but with ceilings of 3 m, will be large in volume: 25 * 3 = 75 cubic meters.

The calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators is carried out by dividing the required total power of the radiators by the heat transfer (power) of each section.

For example, let's take a room with old windows with an area of 25 square meters and with ceilings of 3 m, you need to take 16 sections of batteries: 75 cubic meters (room volume) * 41 W (the amount of heat for heating 1 cubic meter of a room where double-glazed windows are not installed on the windows) / 204 W (heat dissipation of one battery section) = 15.07 (for living quarters, the value is rounded up).

What to consider when calculating?

Manufacturers, indicating the capacity of one section of the battery, are a little cunning and overestimate the figures in the expectation that the water temperature in the heating system will be maximum. In fact, in most cases, the water for heating does not warm up to the calculated value. The passport, which is attached to the radiators, also indicates the minimum heat transfer rates. In the calculations, it is better to focus on them, then the house will be guaranteed to be warm.

Note!

Batteries covered with a mesh or screen give off slightly less heat than open batteries.

The exact amount of "lost" heat depends on the material and construction of the screen itself. If you plan to use such a design structure, you need to increase the calculated power of the heating system by 20%. The same applies to batteries located in niches.

Accurate calculation of radiators

How to calculate the number of heating radiators for a room in a non-standard room - for example, for a private house? Rough estimates may not be enough. The number of radiators is influenced by a large number of factors:

room height;
total number of windows and their configuration;
insulation;
the ratio of the total surface area of windows and floors;
the average temperature outside in cold weather;
number of outside walls;
the type of room above the room.

For an accurate calculation, use the formula and correction factors.

Radiator for a large room

Calculation formula

The general formula for calculating the amount of heat that radiators must generate:

CT = 100 W / m2 * P * K1 * ... * K7

P means the area of the room, CT - the total amount of heat required to maintain a comfortable microclimate. Values from K1 to K7 are correction factors that are selected and applied depending on various conditions. The resulting CT indicator is divided by the heat transfer from the battery segment to calculate the required number of elements (sections of aluminum radiators will require a different number than, for example, cast iron).

Additional sections

Calculation coefficients

K1 - coefficient for taking into account the type of windows:

classic "old" windows - 1.27;
modern double-glazed windows - 1.0;
triple packet - 0.85.

K2 - correction for the thermal insulation of the walls of the house:

low - 1.27;
normal (double row of bricks or walls with an insulating layer) - 1.0;
high - 0.85.

K3 is chosen depending on the proportion in which the area of the room and the windows installed in it are related. If the area of the windows is 10% of the floor area, a factor of 0.8 is applied. For every additional 10% add 0.1: for a ratio of 20%, the value of the coefficient will be 0.9, 30% - 1.0, and so on.

K4 - coefficient selected depending on the average temperature outside the window per week with the minimum temperature for the year. The climate also depends on how much heat is needed per room. At an average temperature of -35, a coefficient of 1.5 is used, at a temperature of -25 - 1.3, then for every 5 degrees the coefficient is reduced by 0.2.

K5 is an indicator for adjusting the heat calculation depending on the number of external walls. The baseline is 1 (no walls in contact with the "street"). Each outer wall of the room adds 0.1 to the score.

K6 - coefficient for taking into account the type of premises over the calculated one:

heated room - 0.8;
heated attic space - 0.9;
attic without heating - 1.

K7 is a coefficient that is taken depending on the height of the room. For a room with a 2.5 m ceiling, the indicator is 1, every additional 0.5 m of ceilings is added to the indicator 0.05 (3 m - 1.05 and so on).

To simplify calculations, many radiator manufacturers offer an online calculator where various types of batteries are provided and it is possible to configure additional parameters without "manual" calculation and selection of coefficients.

Connecting sections

Calculation depending on the material of the radiator

Batteries made of different materials give off different amounts of heat and heat the room with different efficiency. The higher the heat transfer of the material, the fewer radiator sections are required to warm the room to a comfortable level.

The most popular are cast-iron radiators and bimetallic radiators replacing them. The average heat transfer from a single section of cast iron battery is 50-100 W. This is quite a bit, but the number of sections for a room is easiest to calculate "by eye" for cast-iron radiators. There should be about the same number of "squares" in the room (it is better to take 2-3 more to compensate for the "underheating" of the water in the heating system).

Heat transfer of one element of bimetallic radiators - 150-180 W. This indicator can also be influenced by the coating of the batteries (for example, radiators painted with oil paint heat the room a little less). The calculation of the number of sections of bimetallic radiators is carried out according to any of their schemes, while the total amount of required heat is divided by the value of heat transfer from one segment.
If you want to purchase radiators with installation in Moscow, we recommend that you contact

Before purchasing and installing sectional radiators (usually bimetallic and aluminum), most people have a question about how to calculate heating radiators by the area of the room.

In this case, it would be most correct to produce. But it uses a huge number of coefficients, and as a result, something underestimated or, on the contrary, overestimated may come out. In this regard, many use simplified options. Let's consider them in more detail.

main parameters

Please note that the correct operation of the heating system, as well as its efficiency, largely depends on its type. However, there are other parameters that influence this indicator in one way or another. These parameters include:

Boiler power.
The number of heating devices.
Circulation pump power.

Calculations carried out

Depending on which of the above parameters will be subject to detailed study, an appropriate calculation is made. For example, determining the required power of a pump or gas boiler.

In addition, very often it is necessary to calculate the heating devices. In the course of this calculation, it is also necessary to calculate the buildings. This is due to the fact that, having made a calculation, for example, the required number of radiators, you can easily make a mistake when selecting a pump. A similar situation occurs when the pump cannot cope with supplying the required amount of coolant to all radiators.

Aggregated calculation

Calculation of heating radiators by area can be called the most democratic way. In the regions of the Urals and Siberia, the indicator is 100-120 W, in central Russia - 50-100 W. A standard heater (eight sections, the center distance of one section is 50 cm) has a heat transfer of 120-150 W. Bimetallic radiators have a slightly higher power - about 200 watts. If we are talking about a standard coolant, then for a room of 18-20 m 2 with a height of 2.5-2.7 m, two cast-iron devices of 8 sections will be required.

What determines the number of devices

Calculation of heating radiators by area

Considering the factors listed above, a calculation can be performed. So, 1 m 2 will require 100 W, that is, to heat a room of 20 m 2, 2000 W will be required. One cast iron radiator of 8 sections is capable of delivering 120 watts. Divide 2000 by 120 and get 17 sections. As mentioned earlier, this parameter is very generic.

The calculation of heating radiators of a private house with its own heater is carried out according to the maximum parameters. Thus, 2000 is divided by 150 and we get 14 sections. We need this number of sections to heat a room of 20 m 2.

Formula for accurate calculation

There is a rather complicated formula by which you can make an accurate calculation of the power of a heating radiator:

Q t = 100 W / m2 × S (premises) m2 × q1 × q2 × q3 × q4 × q5 × q6 × q7, where

q1 - type of glazing: ordinary glazing - 1.27; double glazing - 1; triple - 0.85.

q2 - wall insulation: poor - 1.27; 2 brick wall - 1; modern - 0.85.

q3 - the ratio of the areas of window openings to the floor: 40% - 1.2; 30% - 1.1; 20% - 0.9; 10% - 0.8.

q4 - outside temperature (minimum): -35 ° C - 1.5; -25 ° C - 1.3; -20 ° C - 1.1; -15 ° C - 0.9; -10C ° - 0.7.

q5 is the number of external walls: four - 1.4; three - 1.3; corner (two) - 1.2; one - 1.1.

q6 - type of room located above the calculated one: cold attic - 1; heated attic - 0.9; heated residential area - 0.8.

q7 - room height: 4.5m - 1.2; 4m - 1.15; 3.5m - 1.1; 3m - 1.05; 2.5m - 1.3.

Example

Let's calculate the heating radiators by area:

A room of 25 m 2 with two double-glazed window openings with a triple glass unit, 3 m high, enclosing structures of 2 bricks, a cold attic is located above the room. The minimum air temperature in winter is + 20 ° C.

Q t = 100W / m 2 × 25 m 2 × 0.85 × 1 × 0.8 (12%) × 1.1 × 1.2 × 1 × 1.05

As a result, we get 2356.20 watts. We divide this number by So, our premises will require 16 sections.

Calculation of heating radiators by area for a private country house

If the rule for apartments is 100 W per 1 m 2 of the room, then this calculation will not work for a private house.

For the first floor, the power is 110-120 W, for the second and subsequent floors - 80-90 W. In this regard, multi-storey buildings are much more economical.

The calculation of the power of heating radiators by area in a private house is carried out according to the following formula:

N = S × 100 / P

In a private house, it is recommended to take sections with a small margin, this does not mean that this will make you hot, just the wider the heating device, the lower the temperature must be supplied to the radiator. Accordingly, the lower the temperature of the coolant, the longer the heating system as a whole will serve.

It is very difficult to take into account all the factors that have any effect on the heat transfer of the heating device. In this case, it is very important to correctly calculate heat losses, which depend on the size of window and door openings, vents. However, the examples discussed above make it possible to determine the required number of radiator sections as accurately as possible and at the same time provide a comfortable temperature regime in the room.