Automatic equipment of non-volatile gas coppers. Automation for gas boilers: types, principle of operation

When considering options for heating at home most often stop at using the gas boiler. If there is a gas pipeline close to the house, this option of heating is considered the most economical and efficient.

When installing any heating boiler, including gas, the mandatory component of the system is automatic. Such automation for heating boilers allows, without human intervention, to maintain the specified climatic conditions in a heated room and to ensure optimal working conditions for such a boiler.

What is the automation for gas heating boilers?

Typically, such automation includes the following elements:

  • fittings. These are actuators that, under the action of commands, turn on and off the start-up of the boiler, as well as regulate its power;
  • valves designed to cut off the gas supply;
  • maximum and minimum pressure switch. Designed to protect the system when the pressure drops or increases too high;
  • thermostat;
  • pressure sensors of water, gas;
  • the controller is an electronic device that calculates the optimal operation mode of a gas boiler and generates control commands from the data obtained.

Types of automation for heating boilers

In terms of power automation for gas boilers is of two types:

  • nonvolatile automation;
  • volatile automation.

These two types of automation are distinguished by the fact that the first system does not require power from the electrical network, and for the second to work, the electricity must be connected

Accordingly, these two automation systems will include various elements.

Non-volatile automation is simpler and more reliable because it does not respond to a sudden power outage.


Non-volatile automation

The structure of such automation systems includes:

  • ignition system, which is used as a piezo element;
  • thermostat;
  • thrust and flame sensor.

Mechanical automation starts to work after starting the boiler.  Depending on the temperature of the heated water, the thermostat changes the amount of fuel supplied to the burner. Structurally, the thermostat is a metal rod.  It changes its length with temperature. Thus, it opens or closes the gas supply.

The thrust and flame sensor is designed to interrupt the gas supply when the flame of the burner is attenuated or when there is poor traction in the chimney.  Structurally, such a sensor consists of a bimetallic plate, which, under the action of temperature, changes its position and closes the gas supply.

From instrumentation in such systems, a pressure gauge and a thermometer are used. Manually configured such a system.

Modern non-volatile automation systems for gas boilers may have a much larger number of nodes.   For example, Italian nonvolatile automation has the following nodes:

  • temperature activation and control system;
  • flame protection system;
  • device for setting the minimum gas flow rate;
  • pressure regulator;
  • thermostat with burner shutdown function.


Volatile Automation

More complex is volatile automation. The composition of such an electronic system includes a larger number of elements.

Solenoid valves are used for regulation in volatile automation. The work of these valves is carried out by commands generated in the processor.. Using a special display, the operator can choose one of the possible modes. And the correct implementation of this mode will provide automation.

From the point of view of the functions performed, automation for gas heating boilers can be done in two main ways:

  • room thermostat;
  • weather dependent.


Room thermostat

In the first case, the main indicator for controlling the operation of a gas boiler is the room temperature. Depending on this temperature, the boiler operation mode is selected.  When the temperature in the room decreases, the boiler starts to work, and when the temperature exceeds a predetermined level, it will turn off.

Thermostat designs may vary. For example, a SEITRO thermostat operates using a membrane sensor. At a certain temperature, the sensor closes and an activation command is transmitted to the gas boiler.

Thermostats can be installed at any convenient place in the room, and communication with the gas boiler control unit can be done with a cable or wireless connection.


SEITRO thermostat

A kind of thermostat is the programmer. From such a programmer, commands are transmitted to the gas boiler during the day, according to which the mode of its operation is carried out. Every day the cycle of work is repeated.

The weather-dependent automatics of the gas boiler operates according to the ambient temperature outside. The corresponding setting of the automation allows you to maintain a constant climate in the house when the outside air temperature changes.


Weather-dependent automation

The main functions of automation

The main functions of gas heating boiler automation are the following functions:

  • automatic start of the gas boiler;
  • shutdown of the gas boiler;
  • control and adjustment of burner power using an appropriate sensor;
  • emergency shutdown of the gas boiler in case of any malfunction.

When the gas boiler is turned on, the automation first starts the hardware of the system. With this, the temperature is measured and the amount of gas that is to be supplied to the gas burner is estimated.  At the next stage, the automation starts gas valves, with the result that gas is fed into the system. At the same time, a spark is ignited in the combustion chamber, from which gas is ignited. Under the action of the flame in the heat exchanger, water is heated, which is then fed to the batteries.


One of the options is sabk automatic equipment for gas heating boiler

An important part of the gas heating boiler automation system is the security subsystem. These include:

  • overheating protection;
  • frost protection;
  • anti-blocking;
  • anti-cycling function;
  • control of the presence of flame and thrust.

To protect against overheating, duplicate sensors are often used - a temperature sensor and a limit thermostat. To protect against freezing when the water is cooled to a temperature of + 5 degrees, the automatic system ignites the burner and heats the water.

Anti-blocking provides for automatic switching on of the pump every 24 hours in order to combat scale. The anti-cycling function assumes that automation prevents the frequent ignition of the burner, which reduces its working life.  When a no-flame or thrust signal appears, the automation system shuts off the gas supply.

In volatile automation systems, the gas supply is shut off by means of an electromagnetic valve through which gas enters the burner. The valve automatically shuts off even if gas stops flowing. The disadvantage of such a valve is that when a gas appears, it cannot open automatically and it has to be done manually.  At the same time, in the event of a power failure, after the restoration of the electrical circuit, the system starts automatically.


Modern automation systems for gas heating boilers allow reliable and safe operation of gas boilers.

In modern automation systems for gas boilers, system malfunctions are automatically diagnosed. The results of this diagnostic are displayed. This greatly facilitates and speeds up the repair of a gas boiler.

Total

Choosing which automatics to buy on the gas boilerit is necessary to understand that the most modern systems are volatile. If the customer has doubts about the reliability of the electrical network in his house, then it is necessary to consider the use of non-volatile automation systems.

Video Review and the honeywell automatic for the gas boiler:

The video presented shows an overview of 630 Eurosit automation for gas heating boilers.

Regardless of what type of fuel is used for boiler equipment (work on solid, liquid or gaseous fuels), three rules must be followed when operating boilers:

  • The correct mode of operation of boiler equipment;
  • Safe work;
  • Regular control over the work of all mechanisms, their adjustment.

In order for the operation of the boiler equipment to be optimal and the heating to be stable, as well as to comply with all the above rules, SABK gas boilers safety automatics are used. It is thanks to the automation, which is supplied with gas heating, that constant control over the water temperature in the heating system and the safety of the boiler operation is achieved.

Fig. one

Automation for gas boilers includes a number of important elements that ensure the safety of equipment operation:

  • A sensor that detects the presence of a flame in a burner — in the event that the flame is extinguished, a signal is given to shut off the gas supply;
  • Sensor for recording the maximum water temperature, in case of overheating, the boiler operation stops;
  • A sensor to monitor the load, which stops the operation of the boiler in cases where the thrust disappears;
  • Thermal sensor system to measure the current temperature both in the boiler and indoors and outdoors (if a coaxial flue is used);
  • Gas valve responsible for the gas supply.

It is also worth noting that a thermostat is included in the automatic control system of SABK, with its help the heating is maintained in the required mode, the power developed by the boiler is adjusted. The device of automatic gas boiler varies depending on its type.

Work automation for gas boilers

A frequent question that people ask when they need to turn on the heating - how does the gas boiler automation work? In gas-fired boilers, the basic principle of operation is that during the supply of fuel to the boiler equipment, one type of ignition is switched on - electronic ignition or piezo-ignition. An old boiler usually has piezo ignition.

The principle of operation of gas boiler automation:

  • The spark ignites the igniter (it is necessary to note the most important rule: the supply of gaseous fuel to the burner is unacceptable, if the igniter does not burn, this is fraught with an explosion!);
  • Then the main burner ignites from the igniter;
  • After the main burner starts working, the water in the boiler starts heating and it continues until the set parameters are reached - for example, water temperature;
  • When the set parameters are reached, the main burner stops working - the automatic control system of the gas boiler is responsible for this;
  • After the main burner shuts off, the temperature inside the boiler equipment gradually decreases;
  • At that moment, when the lower limit of the temperature of the coolant (water) is reached, usually 40 degrees Celsius, the thermal sensor sends a signal, which results in the flow of gaseous fuel (propane-butane mixture, natural or liquefied gas) to the main burner, and its operation is resumed.

The safety of the equipment depends on whether the principle of operation is performed correctly. And the design, and the principle of operation, and the scheme of automatic gas boiler must be at hand. They are needed for maintenance and repair (for example, if there is a malfunction of such parts as the Italian gas valve 630 Eurosit).

Automatic device: varieties

There are two main types of SABK automation: volatile and nonvolatile systems. The first type of automatic systems for gas boilers is used to open or close the gas valve, and the signal is given by a thermal sensor. The principle of operation of volatile and nonvolatile systems varies.

There are several types of volatile automatic systems of automatic control systems (the scheme of each of them is different):

  • Room thermostat.
  • Daily programmer.
  • Weekly programmer wireless type.

The first type of volatile automatic control system SABK is connected to the boiler equipment with the help of a cable. Thermostat operation is controlled by a temperature sensor.

The second type of SABK device is connected to the boiler equipment by cable or wirelessly. The third type of automatic SABK device for gas boilers is connected wirelessly, the device is operated at a distance between the receiver and the transmitter.

If nonvolatile SABK automatic equipment is used, the operation of such heating equipment is possible in any conditions - such heating is used where there are interruptions in electricity. If earlier the adjustment of non-volatile systems was rather complicated, then today the Italian gas valve 630 Euro Sit is used, which is distinguished by such qualities as safety and reliability in operation.

The monitoring and control circuit includes emergency sensors, an electronic circuit and an electronic control unit, feedback circuits, and actuators. Different types of automatics of gas boilers are produced under different brands.

Common brands of automatic gas equipment SABK:

  • Vakula
  • Honeywell.
  • Orion.

Each of these types of equipment includes an Italian 630 Eurosit valve. First of all, it is worth noting the automatic device Vakula.

Automation for boilers Vakula

Under the brand Vakula produced a variety of automatic devices for boilers operating on gaseous fuels. The gas-burning device associated with the Vakula automatics is used to heat the heat transfer medium (water), or structural elements of the heating equipment.



Fig. 2

As part of the gas-burning device automation Vakula has a gas valve 630 Eurosit (SIT - Italian manufacturer).

Automation for gas boilers Vakula has several advantages:

  • The ignition gas burner is ignited using a piezoelectric element;
  • The temperature of the coolant, that is, water, can be adjusted in the range of 40 to 90 degrees Celsius;
  • It is possible to adjust both the maximum and minimum gas flow;
  • It is possible to regulate the flow of gas in the pilot burner;
  • The automatic Vakula device can work even if the pressure of the gaseous fuel is reduced;
  • In cases where the gas suddenly turns off, the thrust disappears or becomes reverse, the Vakula device automatically turns off.

Depending on which digital indices are added to the Vakul brand, the technical characteristics of the device change. It is important to note that the developed power is indicated in the Vakula-20 marking (measured in kW).

Automatics Orion

Automatics for gas heating boilers are produced by various manufacturers. It is worth noting the automatic equipment for Orion brand boiler plants. This easy-to-manage automatic system is installed in a gas-burning device for domestic gas-fired boilers. Orion is easy to operate and reliable in operation.

Most often, a special gas valve of the Orion brand is used. This type of automation is equipped with two important elements - piezoelectric ignition and an electric sensor that detects the presence or absence of thrust.

Automatics Orion 20 performs a number of functions:

  • Shut off the gas supply - if the burner flame goes out or the thrust disappears;
  • The ability to instantly interrupt the flow of gaseous fuel into the boiler;
  • Maintaining the temperature of the coolant - water at the required level;
  • At lower temperatures in the boiler provides automatic resumption of the main burner;
  • When the set water temperature is reached, the burner is switched to the “reduced flame” mode with its subsequent shutdown.

Also worth noting are a few technical specifications. The mass of the device is 1.5 kg, the current of the magnetic plug does not exceed 200 mA, the breaking current is at least 20 mA.

Automatic Honeywell

Honeywell automatic equipment for a gas boiler is a very common automatic system for boiler equipment. The high quality of the Honeywell automatic system has been proven over a century. The fact is that the German company Honeywell was founded in 1885, and over the long history this old brand has gradually become one of the leaders in the production of various automated systems.

Fig. 3

If we talk about the cost of Honeywell products, prices fluctuate in a very wide range. The cheapest Honeywell automated systems for gas boilers cost about $ 40- $ 60, and they have a device for manually switching temperatures.

These cheap types of Honeywell automatic equipment have a number of features:

  • Automatic maintenance of water temperature in the range from 40 to 90 degrees Celsius;
  • Automatic shutdown of the boiler installation in case the gas supply has stopped;
  • Automatic shutdown of the boiler plant, if the thrust disappears or reverse thrust occurs;
  • The Honeywell automatic device stops the supply of gaseous fuel if the burner flame is extinguished (an Italian gas valve 630 Eurosit is often used).

Honeywell automated systems for gas boilers are available in a wide range. In addition to the above economy class systems, you can purchase premium Honeywell systems. Gas heating using Honeywell's automated system is a good choice.

Possible malfunctions of automation

In automatic systems 630 Eurosit (Italian gas valve, with its help the operation of gas boilers is controlled) for some reason or other, a malfunction occurs.

The most frequent faults:

  • The torch on the ignition burner of the boiler does not light up - there is a fault in the electrodes, it is also possible that the burner itself is faulty (before repair, the old filter must also be inspected - it can be clogged);
  • The torch of the pilot burner goes out immediately after the control knob of the thermostat is released - there is a fault in the thermocouple, there may also be a fault in the thrust sensor;
  • At the same time, the ignition and main burners turn on - gas valve malfunction;
  • The automatic system does not turn off the boiler, despite the fact that the water temperature has reached 90 degrees Celsius - a malfunction of the temperature sensor;
  • 5 Complete shutdown of the automatic system when the water temperature is between 40 and 80 degrees Celsius - the fault lies in the chimney;
  • After the boiler operation has begun, it is not possible to achieve the required temperature indicator;
  • Both in the ignition and in the main burner the flame is unstable;
  • After the operation of the boiler has begun, the required temperature mark is not reached, soot appears - perhaps the boiler is old (it has been in use for a long time).

Italian gas valve 630 Eurosit can be replaced in two ways: warranty and non-warranty. Warranty replacement of a faulty valve is carried out by the manufacturer of the boiler plant. More often, however, non-warranty replacement of automatic equipment is carried out at the expense of the owner of the boiler plant. The reasons for this may be traces of corrosion, crushed thermoball.

Today, many users have an individual heating system in their homes. It gives a lot of undeniable advantages before centralized heating. The user will be able to independently set all the desired operating parameters and control the level of indoor temperature. For this purpose, automatic equipment for gas boilers is used, which allows you to set flexible settings and change them at any time depending on the situation. Also, the product increases the reliability of the heating system.

Possibilities of electronic heating system

In addition to significantly expanding the functionality of the boiler, safety is also enhanced by automation. The electronic control system has many monitoring sensors, which in case of emergency situations will block the gas leak and inform the user about the error. The possibility of emergency shutdown without human intervention will avoid any consequences. It will be necessary to simply call the wizard or carry out diagnostics yourself.

Most modern products are equipped with a control device still in the factory. This allows you to perfectly select all the operating parameters and make them into the basic settings. The user will then only have to choose the most convenient mode for him. But gas automatics on an old boiler will require independent installation. And here the main thing is not to be mistaken in the technical characteristics of the existing device.

In principle, the devices have a high degree of versatility, but one cannot say that they are suitable for any products. Yes, and a large number of manufacturers also requires detailed study. For example, Italian automatics for a gas boiler or SABK are no match. But the domestic model can be easily installed on any old boiler, but you will have to tinker with the imported analogue.

Some trading companies give users the opportunity to independently assemble a boiler of the available components. In this case, you need to find the most optimal option from an economic point of view. It is also important that the control unit can reveal the potential of the boiler. For example, if you choose Honeywell automatic gas boilers for Zhukovsky, you can waste money. Anyway, the technical capabilities of the heater will be very limited, and most functions will remain unclaimed. This leads to large financial losses.

Device and principle of operation of the system

An automatic device for a gas heating boiler and its scheme can be studied below:

  • 1. Initially, the gas passes through the cleaning filter and flows to the solenoid valve, which regulates the flow of fuel to the burner.
  • 2. Near the valve there are temperature and thrust sensors, which ensure that all operating parameters are within the established norm.
  • 3. Thermostat with bellows and stem is used to set the desired temperature parameters. For this, there is a special control button on the block.
  • 4. The system of multi-level control reads information from all sensors and, depending on the data obtained, decides on the further operation of the boiler.


The principle of operation of automation is based on the laws of physics. When the heat exchanger cools down by 10-15 degrees below the set temperature, the gas supply sensor is activated, and the burner begins to heat the water intensively. When the desired level is reached, an automatic shutdown occurs to save fuel. The transfer of all data occurs in the form of electromagnetic impulses that do not interfere with other technology and do not harm humans and pets.

After installing the boiler, it is imperative to adjust and adjust its automation. This can be done by the master who installed the heater, and at no extra charge. But if desired, the client can refuse the service and take matters into their own hands. To cope with this task it will be enough to read the operating manual, in which the procedure is painted in the smallest detail. For clarity, you can see pictures or find a video on the Internet.

Features of repair and replacement

Repairing automatics of domestic gas boilers is quite a challenge. It will be necessary to diagnose and check each element of the system in order to identify the problem area. Malfunctions are most often associated with filter fouling or sensor burnout due to sudden voltage surges. Cleaning should be entrusted to a professional, because inept manipulations can lead to even greater problems, and then you need to buy a new unit. But you can put new electronic elements without help.

Replacing the gas boiler automation unit is done only in the most extreme cases when it is impossible to repair the device. It is almost impossible to bring such a device to such a state, so more often the unit is changed simply because of low functional equipment and a more advanced accessory is installed.

This is often done with the purchase of domestic heaters. Established automation removed, and in its place install imported. But it should be borne in mind that perhaps not all functions will work due to the design features of the boiler itself.

The price of automation for gas boilers Concord and Lemax will be 3-5 thousand rubles. For other models, the value will be about the same, but it is better to find out the actual price from authorized dealers.

In contact with

Classmates

Modern automation provides reliability and high operating efficiency of gas boilers. Automatic equipment allows not to worry about the safety of the boiler, and makes its use comfortable and economical. The owner does not need to constantly pay attention to heating equipment, as the system is automated. Due to the ability to fine tune the devices, the owner can easily set and change operating parameters.

The automatic gas boiler can even shut off on its own in the event of an emergency. Automatic devices clearly set the parameters of combustion and fuel consumption. This gives the owner the opportunity to save money on space heating.

Automation SIT 630 EUROSIT

Automatic for heating units can be divided into:

  • volatile (operating from the power supply network);
  • non-volatile (mechanical devices).

Types of volatile systems

Autonomous gas boiler involves the installation of complex electronic devices that are dependent on the power supply. These devices independently adjust fuel supply, flame power.

Room thermostats

Volatile automatic systems are represented by the following types of devices:

  • room thermostat;
  • programmer for a day;
  • programmer for a week.

Room thermostat  is mounted in the room where you need to adjust the temperature. Sensors measure.

When the temperature decreases, the thermostat reacts and sends a signal to the gas boiler. The boiler starts up.

When the optimum temperature in the room is reached, the valve closes and the gas boiler closes.

A room thermostat is connected to the unit using a cable.

Daily Programmer.  The functions of this device are the same as that of the thermostat, but it is possible to install programs for a day. The programmer also works with the hot water supply system. After 24 hours, the cycle resumes.

Connect the device to the gas unit with a cable and over the air.

Programmer for a week. Such a weekly device has more opportunities for climate change in the room. There are built-in modes and those that can be configured manually. The action takes place within a radius of 30 meters and more. Data can be tracked on a highlighted display.

Devices can be selected by color depending on the design of the room.

Devices of the modern type can not only control the temperature, but also carry out independent diagnostics of equipment. They control the operation of the pump and protect the gas boiler from freezing.


Week programmer Auraton 2030

The principle of operation of non-volatile automation

Energy-independent devices are autonomous, they do not care about the presence of the electrical network, they have easy manual control. After self-installation by the owner of the required temperature, the heating is maintained automatically, that is, by adjusting the gas supply to the burner.

Automation for the gas unit functions in the following way: in the operating boiler, with the help of a thermostat, which is connected to the valve and feeds the fuel to the burner, temperature compliance with the set parameters is monitored. Thermocouple installed in the heat exchanger, fixes the temperature of the coolant. The main element of the thermocouple is the Invar rod. It is sensitive to changes in temperature. The rod acts on a valve that adjusts the flow of gas, it lengthens when heated and becomes shorter when cooled.

As the temperature rises, the inflow of fuel becomes less, and the flame goes out until the rod becomes cold.

The principle of operation of the thrust and flame sensors is similar to the functioning of the boiler automatics with changes in the temperature of the thermal carrier. One sensor is sensitive to the deterioration of smoke, the other - to a strong decrease in gas pressure in the pipe. The principle of operation of the automation is the same: expansion or deformation of the material with strong heating. The thimble sensor, which is located in the smoke cap, includes a bimetal plate. With the deterioration of traction, combustible gases of smoke accumulate and overheat the plate. The plate is bent, the contacts are disconnected, the gas does not enter the combustion chamber. The flame sensor functions in a similar way.

Despite the convenience of electronics, many still choose mechanical automation for a gas boiler. There are several reasons for this:

  1. The management of such automation is elementary.
  2. Non-volatile system costs much less energy consuming devices.
  3. Not afraid to turn off the power supply, power surges, which does not force to purchase.

Manufacturers

Many companies that produce automatics for gas units also produce solid blocks, in which all the most necessary devices are available:

  • thermostat;
  • valve;
  • pressure meter;
  • relay performance.

The automation device may vary depending on the issuing company, although the devices function by analogy. Automation from Italy SIT is reliable and simple. Model 630 EUROSIT is in the greatest demand.

Domestic counterparts can be seen under the brands SABK and Orion.

American automatics for the gaswell boiler Honeywell is one of the most popular.

Honeywell has been known since 1885 and is currently one of the leaders in the production of various automatics.

servo drive

The popular Honeywell VR 400 model has two servo-operated valves for operation with electronic control units of boilers or remote controllers. The device has the following characteristics:

  • smooth ignition function;
  • work on the principle of modulation;
  • integrated strainer;
  • maintaining the burner mode "small flame";
  • reserve exits for connection of the relay of the minimum and intermediate pressure.

The company's products Honeywell high-precision, high-quality and effective, regardless of price range, so it is so popular in many countries. Budget automatics for the gas boiler of this company costs about $ 50 (models Honeywell vs8620, Honeywell v5475, Honeywell v9500). Such devices include:

  • a standard set of controllers that contribute to the safe operation of the gas boiler and retain the specified coolant temperature in the system;
  • specifications with more indices;
  • mechanical temperature adjustment knob.

Honeywell systems can perform the following functions:

  1. Keep the specified coolant temperature (40 ° C to 90 ° C).
  2. To turn off the unit in the absence of gas.
  3. To turn off the boiler when stopping the thrust in the chimney or when reverse thrust appears.
  4. Shut off the gas when the burner decays.

Automation for gas boiler Honeywell is currently popular and is available in a large assortment, so the buyer always has a choice of controllers. The automatics safety of the gas-powered Noneywell boilers has established itself as a high-quality, accurate and efficient equipment. And this applies to all models of the company, regardless of price.

Modern automation for gas heating boilers is of great importance in the safe operation of a heating device, and now it is almost impossible to do without it. Foreign models of automatics are distinguished by high reliability and long service life, which is proved by the time-tested operation of devices on different gas boilers.

The concept of automation for a gas boiler includes all control and actuation devices that ensure the operation of the unit in specified modes with minimal human participation. By the principle of operation, the means of automation are divided into two groups: volatile and nonvolatile.

  The set for automation of work of a household boiler consists of the following elements:

  1. fittings;
  2. valves;
  3. pressure switch;
  4. thermostat;
  5. sensor;
  6. boiler priority relay.

In this article:

Fittings

Gazlux gas fittings

Gas valve called the actuator, designed to perform commands from the boiler control system.

Valve regulators start the process of stopping or starting the boiler equipment, and control its output.

This device ensures the safety of the heating boilers.

The valves are installed on boilers with integrated gas burners. The valve's task is to open or close the gas supply.

Piezoelectric ignition valve

Used in gas boilers,. Such a valve opens manually, after which the flame is ignited by a piezoelectric element. The open state of the valve is provided by a coil connected to a thermocouple (when the burner heats up, an emf occurs in the thermocouple).

Read more about the principle of operation of thermocouples.

Solenoid valve

CEG Solenoid Valve

This is a hydraulic element that regulates the flow of gas under the influence of electromagnetic forces.

The operation of the solenoid valve requires power supply.

The core connected to the device seat opens or closes the gas flow path.

The valve seat, depending on the design, may have several positions in the working cycle:

  1. Single-stage: it has two positions - “open” and “closed”. If current is applied to the coil, the valve opens to the maximum, and in the absence of a power supply, it closes.
  2. Two-stage: in addition to the two extreme positions, it has one intermediate position (it is the initial one for this type of valve). In this position, a partial gas flow rate is ensured. The maximum opening of the valve occurs after a certain period of time when a steady torch appears on the burner. This design provides a smooth start gas burner.
  3. Three-stage: has two intermediate positions. Such valves are installed on boilers with two power levels.
  4. With modulation: between the extreme positions, the valve can be opened by an arbitrary amount in accordance with the commands of the power modulator.

Pressure switch

The pressure switch is a membrane that affects a group of contacts.

As soon as the gas pressure decreases or rises to a critical level, the membrane will shift under the action of the spring and the electrical contacts will shut off. As a result of the breakdown of the electric circuit controlling the operation of the boiler, the gas supply to the gas valve will stop and the unit will stop. With increasing or decreasing gas pressure, the membrane will return to its original position, after which the boiler can be started.

Minimum pressure switch  gas is used to protect the gas burner and the boiler itself.

When the pressure drops, the flame can "sink" to such an extent that the metal parts of the burner will be in the flame zone. Such contact will lead to their failure.

What to do if the gas boiler constantly fades: a review of the causes and.

Maximum pressure switch  gas is similar to the first type, it only works when the pressure rises.

The operation of this type of relay is also aimed at protecting the metal parts of the boiler: an increase in the size of the torch can lead to combustion of the combustion chamber. In addition, excessive pressure will not allow the gas valves to close.

Thermostat (thermostat)

Temperature regulators on the principle of action are divided into volatile and non-volatile.

Volatile temperature controllers

There are two types:

This device works according to the following principle: as soon as the set temperature in the room is established, it will send a signal to the gas supply valve to close it through the cable.

If the temperature in the room drops from the device, the corresponding command will be received, and the boiler will automatically turn on.

  • programmer;

It differs from a room thermostat by the ability to program the operation of boiler equipment during the day. A day later, the established cycle repeats.

There are weekly programmers on the market, they have several programs. Some of them are customized by the manufacturer, and some - by the user.

According to the type of connection to the boiler, the programmers can be wired and wireless.

Non-volatile temperature regulator

Mechanical type thermostat responds to the temperature difference between the coolant. It is a rod made of a material that is sensitive to temperature changes. Depending on the rise or fall of the ambient temperature, it is extended or shortened, thus regulating the flow of gas.

How to fill the heating system apifrizom.

Coolant flow sensor

Flow sensor

The sensor serves to protect the boiler equipment from overheating.

There are two types of duct sensors:

  1. diaphragm - the membrane acts on two stocks, through which a signal is transmitted to the valve and board;
  2. with a ferromagnetic ring - under the pressure of water inside the sensor, the ring rises, closing the relay contacts. Thus, the signal from the relay is transmitted to the board.

Boiler priority relay

Modern models of gas boilers allow the connection of a boiler control circuit. To ensure the priority of DHW preparation over heating, a boiler priority relay is installed.

This device consists of several groups of contacts that are controlled by a coil.

The relay is used together with the base of the boiler, to which the entire load is connected. Without it, both loads (heating and hot water) operate independently of each other. If there is a relay in the base, the priority of the DHW is ensured.